Tag: nevin manimala

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2025 Oct;45(5):315-321. doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-N3138.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe a new surgical technique called Hybrid Primary Puncture in Stapler-assisted Total Laryngectomy and to retrospectively compare two groups of patients undergoing total laryngectomy (TL) with or without the use of stapler.

METHODS: Retrospective analysis performed on 110 patients undergoing TL and voice prosthesis (VP) primary placement, divided into “stapler group” and “no-stapler group”. The two groups were compared in terms of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) incidence and events related to voice rehabilitation (hypertonicity, voice quality, complications related to VP).

RESULTS: No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was found in “stapler” and “no-stapler” groups analysing the incidence of PCF, the percentages of patients who developed hypertonicity and experienced complications in the use and management of the VP. Regarding the vocal quality, a Quality of Voice index of “good” was found in similar percentages of patients in the two groups. Stratifying the sample, no significant differences emerged between “stapler” vs “no-stapler” in salvage TL in any of the parameters investigated.

CONCLUSIONS: The new technique allows to exploit, without any additional risk, the potential of stapler and primary VP placement.

PMID:41178482 | DOI:10.14639/0392-100X-N3138

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 3:e13380. doi: 10.1002/advs.202513380. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) is critical for cancer progression. However, its function in cancers is context-dependent, and emerging evidence indicates that NUSAP1 possesses tumor suppressor functions, although the underlying mechanisms remain uncharted. In this study, NUSAP1 depletion is found to significantly increases the proliferation, migration, and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells in vitro and promotes TNBC progression in vivo, suggesting that NUSAP1 is a tumor suppressor in TNBC. Mechanistically, NUSAP1 bridges HIFα and the transcriptional repressor death domain-associated protein (DAXX) through its microtubule-associated domain (MAD) to recruit the methyltransferase SETDB1, thereby attenuating HIF transcriptional activity and the expression of its target genes by depositing the H3K9me3 repressive mark on hypoxia response elements (HREs). Intriguingly, an engineered MAD of NUSAP1, designated as Tumor Suppressor-MAD (TS-MAD), is developed, which effectively abrogates HIF transcriptional activity by bridging the DAXX-HIF interaction, consequently inhibiting HIF-driven TNBC progression. Moreover, NUSAP1 is identified as a novel HIF-repressed gene in TNBC cells, and its expression level shows a negative correlation with clinical outcomes in TNBC patients. These findings establish an HIF-NUSAP1 double-negative feedback loop in TNBC and validate TS-MAD as a potential therapeutic strategy for HIF-driven cancer.

PMID:41178464 | DOI:10.1002/advs.202513380

Haematologica. 2025 Nov 1;110(11):2871-2872. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2025.288047.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41178440 | DOI:10.3324/haematol.2025.288047

Org Biomol Chem. 2025 Nov 3. doi: 10.1039/d5ob01419k. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The pentafluorosulfanyl group (-SF₅) is one of the most promising fluorinated functional groups, recently developed as an alternative to the trifluoromethyl group (-CF₃) in drug design. Fluorine-18 allows researchers to investigate in vivo activity and biodistribution of novel fluorinated drugs; however, currently no methods are reported to radiolabel -SF₅ moieties. In this work we report the first successful radiolabelling of such a group by isotopic exchange, and we show peculiar reaction trends. We studied this reaction using model compounds and functionalized amino acids, also adopting an unbiased approach to reaction optimization to minimize cognition bias. The results have been analyzed by standard statistical methods and Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools. Finally, we serendipitously discovered the production of two radioactive products from one precursor, that we hypothesize being positional radioisotopologues that interact differently with the chromatographic stationary phase; if further proven, this finding hints, for the first time, at a case of chemical differences between molecules containing ¹⁹F and ¹⁸F.

PMID:41178415 | DOI:10.1039/d5ob01419k

Public Health Res (Southampt). 2025 Oct 29:1-31. doi: 10.3310/QLPD8523. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the effects of interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5-18 years identified over 200 randomised trials. Interventions targeting diet, activity (including physical activity and sedentary behaviours) and both diet and activity appear to have small but beneficial effects on average. However, these effects varied between studies and might be explained by variation in characteristics of the interventions, for example, by the extent to which the children enjoyed the intervention or whether they aim to modify behaviour through education or physical changes to the environment. Here we develop a novel analytic framework to identify key intervention characteristics considered likely to explain differential effects.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the development of the analytic framework, including the involvement of school-aged children, parents, teachers and other stakeholders, and to present the content of the finalised analytic framework and the results of the coding of the interventions.

DESIGN AND METHODS: We first conducted a literature review to find out from the existing literature what different types of characteristics of interventions we should be thinking about and why. This information helped us to develop a comprehensive map (called a logic model) of these characteristics. We then used this logic model to develop a list of possible intervention characteristics. We held a series of workshops with children, parents, teachers and public health professionals to refine the list into a coding scheme. We then used this to code the characteristics of each intervention in all the trials which aimed to prevent obesity in children aged 5-18 years.

FINDINGS: Our finalised analytic framework included 25 questions across 12 characteristics. These addressed aspects such as the setting of the intervention (e.g. at school, at home or in the community), mode of delivery (e.g. to individuals or to groups of children), whether the intervention targeted diet and/or activity, complexity (e.g. focused on a single swap of juice for water or aimed to change all aspects of the diet), intensity, flexibility, choice, mechanism of action (e.g. through participation, education, change in the social environment, change in the physical environment), resonance (e.g. credibility of the person delivering the intervention), commercial involvement and the ‘fun factor’ (as perceived by children). We coded 255 interventions from 210 randomised trials.

CONCLUSIONS: Our evidence-based analytic framework, refined by consulting with stakeholders, allowed us to code 255 interventions aiming to prevent obesity in children aged 5-18 years. Our confidence in the validity of the framework and coding results is increased by our rigorous methods and, especially, the involvement of children at multiple stages.

FUTURE WORK: Future work will include the development of statistical methods for the synthesis and its application to the data coded according to the analytic framework.

LIMITATIONS: The coding results depend on the level of detail provided to describe the interventions, and the applicability of the analytic framework may be limited by demographic profile of the children and young people involved in the project.

FUNDING: This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme as award number NIHR131572.

PMID:41178412 | DOI:10.3310/QLPD8523

Health Educ Behav. 2025 Nov 3:10901981251375467. doi: 10.1177/10901981251375467. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Rates of unintended teen pregnancy remain high among Latino youth. This cluster randomized controlled trial evaluates the long-term impacts of El Camino, a sexual health education program for Latino youth based on the principles of positive youth development, on students’ sexual behavior and related outcomes. Sixty-eight classrooms (n = 746 students, ninth to 12th grade) were randomly assigned to intervention (El Camino; 34 classrooms, n = 398) or control (standard curricula: 34 classrooms, n = 348) conditions across 11 schools in Maryland with large populations of Latino students. Classes were implemented in Spanish (75%) and English (25%). Sexual behavior outcomes and key behavior determinants were assessed using baseline and follow-up surveys administered approximately 10 months after program completion (n = 377). An intent-to-treat analysis was conducted. For the overall sample, there were no significant differences between conditions on rates of penile-vaginal sex (ever or recent), sex without a condom, or sex without any method of contraception. In subgroup analyses of students who reported never having had sex at baseline (n = 248), El Camino showed a statistically significant impact on reducing rates of sexual initiation (p = .007) and sex without a condom (p = .02). El Camino also showed significant favorable impacts on increased contraception and consent knowledge, increased awareness of birth control methods, and greater intention to use condoms if sexually active. Taken together, this randomized controlled trial of El Camino demonstrates favorable impacts on sexual behavioral precursors for all students and long-term sexual behavioral impacts among an important subsample of students.

PMID:41178411 | DOI:10.1177/10901981251375467

Histol Histopathol. 2025 Nov 3:25013. doi: 10.14670/HH-25-013. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Periostin is involved in airway remodeling, salivary tumors, and various otolaryngological diseases. D-β-aspartic acid is the major isomer of D-aspartic acid found in the tissues of elderly individuals. In this study, we investigated the expression and role of D-β-aspartic acid and periostin in the formation of benign parotid tumors. The data of 36 patients (16 male and 20 female) who underwent parotid tumor resection between April 2017 and March 2022 and were clinically and pathologically diagnosed as having benign parotid tumors were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 59.2 (range 26-82) years. Tumors were histologically classified as pleomorphic adenomas, Warthin’s tumors, basal cell adenomas, oncocytomas, and myoepitheliomas. Increased D-β-aspartic acid expression was observed in the epithelium and stroma of benign parotid tumors. In the epithelium, D-β-aspartic acid was found in 35 of 38 samples (92.1%). In the stroma, it was found in 19 of 38 samples (50.0%). In the stroma of benign parotid tumors, increased expression of periostin was found in 32 of 38 samples (84.2%). Four periostin expression patterns were observed in benign parotid tumors: negative, superficial, infiltrative, and diffuse. Statistically significant differences were found between the expression pattern of D-β-aspartic acid in the stroma and the histological classification of benign parotid gland tumors. In addition, a statistically significant difference was found between the expression patterns of D-β-aspartic acid and periostin in the stroma. Our results suggest that D-β-aspartic acid and periostin may be involved in the pathogenesis of benign parotid gland tumors.

PMID:41178409 | DOI:10.14670/HH-25-013

Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2025 Nov 3. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.25.08225-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic vascular disorder characterized by epistaxis, mucocutaneous telangiectasias, and visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Despite the central role of dermatologic manifestations in diagnosis, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining these features in large HHT populations. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical and dermatologic features of a cohort of HHT patients, focusing on the prevalence, distribution, and morphology of mucocutaneous telangiectasias using videodermatoscopy, and to analyze their correlations with systemic manifestations such as epistaxis and visceral AVMs. In addition, the study examines genetic profiles and introduces the HHT Skin Score, a tool to quantify cutaneous involvement.

METHODS: From March 2018 to March 2022, we enrolled a cohort of 62 HHT patients who met the Curaçao diagnostic criteria for definite HHT. Dermatologic assessments included comprehensive examinations, including videodermatoscopic evaluation of cutaneous telangiectasia morphology. Statistical analyses examined associations between telangiectasia distribution, epistaxis severity, presence of pulmonary and hepatic AVMs, and genetic mutations.

RESULTS: Sixty-two patients were evaluated. The areas affected by cutaneous telangiectasias in at least 60% of the patients were the lips (79%), tongue (75.8%), ears (61.3%), and fingertips (71%). Videodermatoscopic image analysis revealed three distinct morphologic variants of telangiectasias: macular/papular, papular, and arborizing. Papular telangiectasias on the lips and tongue were strongly associated with pulmonary AVMs, whereas oral telangiectasias correlated with hepatic AVMs. The HHT Skin Score, developed to quantify the severity of the dermatologic manifestations, showed a significant correlation with the severity of epistaxis.

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of dermatologic evaluation in HHT and provides a detailed characterization of the patient population. Mucocutaneous telangiectasias and genetics have a predictive value and may help to tailor clinical surveillance. The HHT Skin Score emerged as a collateral outcome, offering a quantitative framework for evaluating cutaneous involvement and its clinical significance.

PMID:41178403 | DOI:10.23736/S2784-8671.25.08225-8

Eur J Pain. 2025 Nov;29(10):e70160. doi: 10.1002/ejp.70160.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) constitutes a treatment option for patients with severe chronic pain responding insufficiently to pharmacological treatment. High device costs and expenses associated with surgical procedures and follow-up constitute a barrier to adoption. However, CNP patients also constitute a significant burden on public finances, with high public costs relating to health care utilisation, medicine, and lost work capacity.

METHODS: We investigated the costs of SCS therapy from a healthcare perspective (primary and secondary healthcare and medicine costs) 3 years before and 3 years after initiation of the SCS therapy in a large, mixed, well-characterised patient cohort derived from a dedicated neuromodulation registry, including patients with different diagnoses and characteristics from three of the four Danish SCS centers. We additionally compared costs of productivity loss for patients under the age of retirement. Data on societal costs were retrieved from public Danish registries.

RESULTS: Three hundred and eight-four patients were included. Total healthcare costs 3 years after SCS were significantly higher than 3 years before SCS, with an increase of €29,835. The expenses associated with establishing SCS therapy are reflected in a sharp increase in in-patient secondary health care cost in year one after SCS. Primary health care, secondary out-patient health care and medicine costs all decrease after SCS but not enough to compensate for the cost of establishing treatment. Costs due to productivity loss remain stable throughout the period.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight evaluating high-cost interventions within a broader cost framework to inform more efficient resource allocation in chronic pain management.

SIGNIFICANCE: This study analyzes the real-world socioeconomic impact of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in Denmark. By using data from public Danish registries, we find a sharp increase in in-hospital expenses at the year of implantation, only partially offset by a subsequent reduction in other health care expenses and medicine costs. These findings give unique insights into the financial aspects of SCS, offering a perspective for healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients when evaluating the long-term budgetary implications of this treatment.

PMID:41177939 | DOI:10.1002/ejp.70160

Int Wound J. 2025 Nov;22(11):e70772. doi: 10.1111/iwj.70772.

ABSTRACT

In England, diabetes-related foot ulcers and related amputations equate to approximately 1% of the National Health Service budget. Most of these costs are related to hospital admissions with diabetes-related foot ulcers, found to be 8.04 days longer when compared to those without ulcers. Although South Asian (SA) populations living in Western countries experience disproportionately high diabetes rates, they exhibit significantly lower prevalence of diabetes-related foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations compared to White European populations. This paradox remains underexplored, necessitating a scoping review to map existing evidence, elucidate disparities, and identify gaps. To explore the burden of diabetes-related foot ulcers among South Asians living in Western countries by examining their incidence, prevalence, and predisposing factors. Assessing clinical outcomes and lived experiences during the ulcerative phase and reviewing existing literature on recurrence and long-term post-healing complications. Following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported in line preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search will be conducted across databases, and registered with open science framework. This will be the first scoping review to map diabetes-related foot ulcers burden among South Asians in Western settings. Clarifying incidence and outcome disparities, highlighting research gaps, and suggesting directions for future studies.

PMID:41177938 | DOI:10.1111/iwj.70772