Tag: nevin manimala

BMC Nurs. 2025 May 14;24(1):526. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03201-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nursing students often encounter ethical dilemmas throughout their professional training, which can pose challenges to their development. These dilemmas may lead to questioning professional values, hesitation during clinical practice, and even emotional fatigue. Therefore, reliable and valid tools are essential to assess and enhance their ethical decision-making abilities.

METHODS: Conducted as a methodological study, this research involved 233 nursing students from Manisa Celal Bayar University during November and December 2024. Data collection tools included the Ethical Decision-Making Competence Scale and the Inclination to Ethical Values Scale. Structural validity was analyzed using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, while internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha.

RESULTS: The scale demonstrated acceptable model fit indices [χ2 (129) = 234.701, χ2/df = 3.295, GFI = 0.841, CFI = 0.900, IFI = 0.901, RMSEA = 0.096 (0.087-0.105)], with all factor loadings exceeding 0.4 and achieving statistical significance. Cronbach’s alpha values for the four dimensions were 0.865, 0.867, 0.868, and 0.886, indicating strong internal consistency. Furthermore, the test-retest analysis confirmed the scale’s stability over time, validating its use for repeated measurements.

CONCLUSION: Given its psychometric strengths, this tool can be effectively employed in future studies focusing on ethical decision-making competencies in nursing education.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

PMID:40369595 | DOI:10.1186/s12912-025-03201-x

Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2025 May 14;23(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12958-025-01408-w.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The role of follicular fluid phosphate for reproductive health and oocyte maturation is unclear. This study investigates the relationship between follicular fluid vs serum phosphate concentrations and the possible link with sex steroids during in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at a Danish fertility clinic.

METHODS: A prospective cohort of infertile women who attended Danfert Fertility clinic (Copenhagen, Denmark) and received IVF or ICSI treatment between June 2015 and February 2017. Correlation analyses were performed with Spearman’s Rank or Pearson’s correlation, while categorical variables were analyzed with Chi-squared test.

RESULTS: In total, 110 participants were included in the study, and 33 of these achieved a live birth. Phosphate concentrations were higher in the follicular fluid compared to corresponding serum samples (1.16 mmol/L vs. 1.06 mmol/L, p = 0.002) and there was a positive correlation between serum and follicular fluid phosphate concentrations (r = 0.43, p = 0.007). A positive trend was also found for calcium concentrations, though not statistically significant (r = 0.31, p = 0.060). Correlation analysis also showed a positive correlation between concentrations of phosphate and calcium in follicular fluid (r = 0.41, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between concentrations of phosphate and testosterone in follicular fluid (r = 0.34, p < 0.001). When stratified into tertiles, we found no significant differences between live birth rates in follicular fluid phosphate (p = 0.624), calcium (p = 0.207), or testosterone (p = 0.841).

CONCLUSIONS: This study found that follicular fluid phosphate concentrations are higher than serum phosphate concentrations, suggesting possible local regulation. However, no significant association was found between follicular phosphate and ART outcomes. Further research is needed to explore its potential role in reproductive physiology.

CLINICAL TRIAL: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02437578; registration date 2015/04/16).

PMID:40369590 | DOI:10.1186/s12958-025-01408-w

Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025 May 14;24(1):209. doi: 10.1186/s12933-025-02770-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Recent basic biological research found that obesity accelerates biological aging and increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, there is still a lack of real-world population evidence. This study aimed to explore the potential mediation roles of biological age acceleration in the associations between different dimensions of obesity characterization and incident CVD.

METHODS: This international multi-cohort study included participants aged over 45 years with 3 waves longitudinal data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to develop Klemera-Doubal method-biological age (KDM-BA), and the validation analysis was performed in UK Biobank (UKB) and Hongguang Elderly Health Examination Cohort (HEHEC). Obesity indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist height ratio (WtHR), body roundness index (BRI) for body shape; Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP) for visceral fat accumulation; triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its derivatives (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WtHR) for metabolic function were used to measure obesity across different dimensions. Biological age acceleration was evaluated by the classic KDM-BA acceleration (KDM-BAacc). Causal mediation analyses assessed the role of biological age acceleration in mediating obesity and incident CVD.

RESULTS: In CHARLS, the median follow-up period was 9.00 years, with a baseline age of 58 (52, 65) years. Obesity, KDM-BAacc, and CVD were all significantly associated with each other. For each 1-year increase in KDM-BAacc, the risk of incident stroke, heart disease and CVD increased by 68% (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.35-2.09), 35% (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15-1.59), and 44% (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.25-1.65), respectively. KDM-BAacc mediated the associations between BMI, WC, WtHR, BRI, CVAI, LAP, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WtHR, with CVD, with the mediation proportions ranging from 10.03 to 25.46%. However, the mediating effect was significant mostly in middle-aged individuals aged 45-65 years. Furthermore, sex differences existed in the mediation mechanisms. Biological age acceleration strongly mediated body shape indices and incident CVD in males, whereas in females, it predominantly mediated visceral fat accumulation and metabolic function dimensions with incident CVD. Similar main results were found in UKB and HEHEC.

CONCLUSIONS: Biological age acceleration partially mediates the relationship between obesity and incident CVD. This temporal evidence firstly validated the mediation pathway based on international cohorts, emphasizing the importance of addressing biological aging processes in population aged 45-65 years while providing sex-specific obesity intervention strategies to prevent CVD.

PMID:40369582 | DOI:10.1186/s12933-025-02770-0

BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 May 14;25(1):693. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12842-2.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although Japan has successfully mitigated HIV infections, several issues related to the disease remain to be addressed. As the people living with HIV are aging, their medical care needs are expected to become more diversified and regionalized. Those residing beyond the boundaries of specialized hospitals will rely on general physicians for medical services. Hence, general physicians must have a non-discriminatory medical attitude toward people living with HIV and give more ethical consideration than for other diseases, such as privacy protection. Therefore, a nationwide survey was conducted to clarify the attitudes of general physicians, who do not specialize in HIV treatment, toward HIV and people living with HIV.

METHODS: An online questionnaire-based quantitative survey (February 14-16, 2022) yielded 212 valid responses. Questions covered proactivity in HIV care, attitudes toward ethical issues, and awareness of HIV in the context of stigmas. Although the sample size was small due to limited feasibility, similar populations were obtained in terms of distribution of mean age, gender, and type of practice, compared to official physician statistics.

RESULTS: Approximately 20% of respondents answered that refusing medical care due to HIV infection is acceptable. Younger physicians tended to be more negative toward HIV treatment, and, regardless of age, the negative attitude is correlated with aversion toward HIV infection itself.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings aligned with concerning situations in Japan highlighted by other studies. They also suggested that more careful attitudes may be needed regarding the protection of the privacy of people living with HIV. However, research has also suggested that some physicians could become more positive by providing specialist support for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. Large-scale and ongoing surveys are imperative to continuously implement effective and reliable interventions that could change the attitudes of general physicians toward people living with HIV.

PMID:40369576 | DOI:10.1186/s12913-025-12842-2

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2025 Apr 12;51(8):110023. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110023. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Axillary surgery for breast cancer has seen significant de-escalation in the past three decades. The ACOSOG Z0011 trial suggested that completion axillary clearance was not necessary in women with low disease burden after sentinel node biopsy (SLNB). Flaws in the design of the trial undermined confidence in its findings which delayed widespread adoption and caused practice heterogeneity globally. This systematic review evaluated the impact of Z0011 (and similar trials) on the rate and extent of axillary conservation in women with node-positive, low-risk early breast cancer. A search was conducted on the Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and COCHRANE databases. Screening of titles and abstracts was undertaken according to eligibility criteria. Data were quality assessed using the ROBINS-1 and Robvis tools. The review retrieved 1362 papers, of which 30 papers were included, representing data from 290,754 women across nine countries. All articles were retrospective cohort studies. Included studies showed a statistically significant downward temporal trend in rates of ALND following the publication of the Z0011 trial but the extent of change ranged from a 5.6 %-73.4 % reduction in axillary clearance rates. This review demonstrated the Z0011 trial has been practice-changing. However, it also identified that few patients are eligible for de-escalation due to tight inclusion criteria. Finally, most articles were from Western countries, from research-focused hospitals, which limits generalizability. Further research across a wider range of settings is needed to understand the extent to which Z0011 has been implemented globally.

PMID:40367641 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110023

Child Abuse Negl. 2025 May 13;165:107492. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107492. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: International evidence-based best practice for police interviewers of vulnerable groups, such as Indigenous populations, recommends encouraging interviewees to give a full uninterrupted account, followed by open-ended questions, to optimise memory and avoid contaminating information. However, most research examining the applicability of interview strategies on information gain has been conducted in western cultures.

OBJECTIVE: There is currently little extant quantitative research on questioning in police interviews with Indigenous complainants. The primary objective of this research was to examine whether international standards for interviewing vulnerable groups for legal purposes are transferable to an Indigenous population.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Police interviews with complainants reporting historical childhood sexual abuse [HCSA] as adults in a northern Canadian territory with an Indigenous population (N = 45 interviews) were examined.

METHODS: Interviews were coded for types of questions, answers, and investigation-relevant details reported. Frequency distributions were calculated for each dependent variable, and further inferential statistics were conducted using t-test, chi square, and one-way ANOVA analyses, to examine the possible effect of question types on the elicitation of certain answer and detail types.

RESULTS: Results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean number of overall details elicited (d = 0.29), with questions classed as productive eliciting more details compared to unproductive questions. Specifically, open-ended questions elicited the most details, including both overall details and abuse relevant details.

CONCLUSIONS: Although these results should be considered exploratory, the international guidance on interviewing vulnerable groups was found to be applicable to this Indigenous population.

PMID:40367620 | DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107492

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 May 13;298:118272. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118272. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with endocrine function and lead to neurological damage. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a protein released into the blood after neuroaxonal damage, and it has become a dependable biomarker for neurological conditions. The study aimed to investigate the associations between single or combined EDCs exposure and serum NfL levels in adults.

METHODS: The 1372 participants included in the study were from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Due to the difference in types of EDCs, participants were divided into two populations. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association between 32 EDCs and NfL. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used for EDCs selection and the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used for examining the association of EDCs mixture with NfL and identify the predominant exposure.

RESULTS: Levels of urinary bisphenol S, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dibutyl phosphate, glyphosate, and 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol were positively associated with serum NfL levels, while benzophenone-3, methylparaben, and propylparaben showed negative associations. In the WQS regression model, the changes of NfL were 0.154 (95 % CI: 0.014-0.294) and 0.164 (95 % CI: 0.033-0.296) for each quartile increase in WQS index of EDCs mixture in the two populations, respectively. Analysis of the subgroup with gender stratification suggested that the association between EDCs mixture and NfL was only significant in men. The positive mixture β was 0.219 (95 % CI: 0.056-0.380) and 0.257 (95 % CI: 0.082-0.433) in the two population, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The study suggested a potential association between single or combined exposure to EDCs and NfL levels. High-level EDCs exposure might be associated with more severe neurological damage, particularly in men.

PMID:40367613 | DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118272

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2025 May 8;264:116954. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2025.116954. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma, GR), the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl., is a valuable herb for medicinal and dietary applications. Current markets feature three key cultivars: G. elata f. glauca (WTM), G. elata f. elata (HTM), and their hybrid (WHTM), with significant price variations yet lacking defined chemical authentication markers. Here, we implemented a pseudotargeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics strategy employing 534 optimized MRM transitions. This strategy was coupled with multivariate analysis – unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) – of 40 authenticated batches, to decipher cultivar-specific chemical fingerprints. The approach identified 88 statistically validated markers, with 14 pivotal discriminators-primarily 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol derivatives-exhibiting distinct cultivar distribution patterns. This chemical blueprint serves as a tool for authentication in quality control and supports regulatory standard establishment for GR products.

PMID:40367578 | DOI:10.1016/j.jpba.2025.116954

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2025 May 13;80:100683. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100683. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Existing systematic reviews provide evidence that art therapy is an effective intervention for reducing symptoms of depression in children and adolescents. This study aims to systematically review and quantify the impact of art-based interventions on depressive symptoms in this demographic through meta-analysis.

METHOD: A systematic search of databases and journals identified eligible studies for inclusion in a meta-analysis examining the efficacy of art therapy interventions on depressive symptom reduction. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using the Standardized Mean Difference (SMD).

RESULTS: The meta-analysis of twelve (randomized) controlled trials revealed a significant effect (SMD = -0.72; 95 % CI [-1.28, -0.16], p = 0.01), indicating that children and adolescents (n = 333) who received art therapy experienced a more significant reduction in depressive symptoms compared to those (n = 344) in the control groups.

LIMITATIONS: The existing evidence is limited to studies with low statistical power and methodological quality. Furthermore, the included studies were highly heterogeneous in terms of the intervention type, measurement tools, participant samples, and study designs.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that art-based interventions can be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. However, future research requires more methodologically rigorous and well-controlled studies to strengthen the evidence base.

PMID:40367574 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100683

Poult Sci. 2025 May 7;104(8):105275. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105275. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Fledgling broiler ducks vary in body weight and growth rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum metabolites and the intestinal microbiota in Cherry Valley broiler ducks with different finishing weights and to reveal differences in their metabolic regulation and microbial composition. Serum and cecum content samples were collected from Cherry Valley broiler ducks of different finishing weights. Metabolites were identified and compared using untargeted metabolomics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, multivariate statistics and bioinformatics. Six key findings emerged. First, serum biochemical parameters showed that AST and ALT levels were significantly lower in the high weight group (Group H) than in the low weight group (Group L), and serum immunoglobulin IgG levels were significantly higher in group H. Second, the chorionic height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum was significantly higher in group H than in group L. Third, the gut microbial community diversity or abundance was lower in broiler ducks in group L. Fourth, LEfSe analysis showed that the biomarker for group L was Streptococcus, whereas for group H it was Faecalibacterium. Fifth, a total of 127 differential metabolites were identified (49 up-regulated and 78 down-regulated). Finally, Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that Spearman’s correlation analyses showed that the Lipid-related serum metabolites were higher in low-body recombinant broiler ducks, mainly Lathosterol, Cholesterol, Cynaratriol and Leukotriene B4. In addition to lipid-associated serum metabolites in high-body recombination, The water-soluble vitamin-like metabolite Pantothenate and the antibiotic-like metabolite Tylosin were high. The cecum microbiota is strongly associated with metabolites, especially Faecalibacterium, unclassified Tannerellaceae, Subdoligranulum, Alistipes, and [Ruminococcus] torques_group, with which it exhibits strong Correlation. Broiler ducks with higher body weights have a better intestinal villous structure, enhanced digestion and absorption, higher levels of immunoglobulin secretion and superior growth performance. Broiler ducks with different body weights differed in plasma metabolites and cecum flora. Spearman’s correlation analyses showed that the Correlation between differential metabolites and differential gut microbial genera.

PMID:40367572 | DOI:10.1016/j.psj.2025.105275