Tag: nevin manimala

Eur J Nutr. 2025 May 12;64(4):177. doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03662-5.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the complex relationship between oxidative balance score (OBS), hypertension (HTN) and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents utilizing data gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

STUDY DESIGN: Through utilizing NHANES data (2001-2018), OBS, comprising dietary and lifestyle components, was calculated and categorized into tertiles. The correlation between OBS and HTN was explored employing weighted multivariate logistic regression. Stratified analyses were further performed to evaluate the associations across different subgroups.

RESULTS: A total of 11,754 children and adolescents were ultimately enrolled in analyses. High OBS tertiles demonstrated a consistent negative association with HTN across models. Compared with the lowest OBS tertile, the risk of HTN in the highest OBS tertile was decreased by 37% (95% CI 0.44-0.90, p = 0.011). After dividing OBS into dietary OBS and lifestyle OBS, Lifestyle OBS exhibited a significant inverse association with HTN, while dietary OBS showed no significant correlation. Stratified analyses notably revealed the protective impacts of OBS on the risk of HTN in males. Restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed a nonlinear association between OBS and HTN. Moreover, the elevated OBS was significantly associated with decreased ePWV, indicating a potential link between arterial stiffness and OBS.

CONCLUSION: In summary, the risk of HTN was inversely correlated with high OBS. Adopting a wholesome lifestyle enriched with antioxidants to boost OBS may help shield children from HTN risk.

PMID:40353983 | DOI:10.1007/s00394-025-03662-5

Dokl Biochem Biophys. 2025 May 11. doi: 10.1134/S1607672925700164. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

To study the repertoire of the T-cell receptor in chronically exposed persons in the long-term period. The study involved 48 people who were divided into two groups: a group of exposed persons (31 individuals with the mean accumulated dose to red bone marrow (RBM) of 981 ± 130 mGy) and a comparison group (17 individuals, the mean accumulated dose to RBM of 25.3 ± 5.91 mGy). The study groups did not differ significantly in age, gender, and ethnicity. The repertoire of Vβ-segments of the T-cell receptor of the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of exposed persons was analyzed by flow cytometry method. 24 Vβ-segments of the T-cell receptor were studied. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and a direct description of Vβ-segment repertoire of the T-cell receptor was performed using the Lorenz curve and the Gini-TCR index. The study revealed a statistically significant increase in the number of Vβ3 and Vβ5.2 T-cell receptor segments in exposed individuals relative to the comparison group (p = 0.03 and p = 0.003, respectively). It was also shown that the distribution of the Vβ-segments of the T-cell receptor was uneven in both study groups. However, there was no significant difference between the repertoires of the T-cell receptor of the studied groups by the Gini-TCR index (p = 0.14).

PMID:40353972 | DOI:10.1134/S1607672925700164

Dokl Biochem Biophys. 2025 May 11. doi: 10.1134/S1607672925700140. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity of seniprutug (BCD-180) in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA, or ankylosing spondylitis).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: . Two hundred sixty patients with active r-axSpA and inadequate response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were randomized into three groups to receive either seniprutug (BCD-180) 5 or 7 mg/kg, or placebo. BCD-180 was administered in the respective group dose using a 0-12-36 week regimen. The placebo group patients were switched to BCD-180 5 mg/kg at Week 24, with therapy continued at Week 36. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving 40% improvement in the Assessment in Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS40) score at Week 24. The secondary endpoints included the proportion of patients achieving an ASAS20/40 response, improvement in 5 of 6 ASAS criteria (ASAS5/6), partial remission according to ASAS, ASDAS-CRP clinically important improvement in (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein level, ASDAS-CII) and ASDAS-CRP major improvement (ASDAS-MI). An analysis of changes over time in the disease activity status according to ASDAS-CRP, BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) and BASFI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index) scores, as well as changes over time in laboratory markers (CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)) was also conducted. Safety was assessed based on the frequency and profile of adverse events (AE) and adverse reactions (AR).

RESULTS: : The proportion of patients who achieved an ASAS40 response at Week 24 on seniprutug (BCD-180) at doses of 7 and 5 mg/kg was 51.4 and 40.8%, respectively, compared with 24% in the Placebo group (p = 0.0012 and p = 0.0417, respectively). Analysis of secondary endpoints showed that the efficacy of BCD-180 at both study doses was statistically significantly superior to placebo in patients with r-axSpA at Week 24 in the following respects: reduction in the proportion of subjects with very high disease activity (ASDAS-CRP > 3.5), achieving ASDAS-CII, ASAS20, ASAS5/6 response. A statistically significant decrease in the ASDAS-CRP, BASDAI, BASFI score, as well as CRP and ESR levels was demonstrated. Tolerability of seniprutug therapy was assessed as acceptable. The most common AEs were infusion-related reactions, most of which were mild to moderate according to CTCAE 5.0 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) and developed mainly during the first administration. The proportion of patients with detected binding antibodies was 5.1%. No neutralizing antibodies were detected.

CONCLUSIONS: . Seniprutug (BCD-180) as a therapy for r-axSpA has demonstrated superiority over placebo in the clinical efficacy, a good safety profile and low immunogenicity.

PMID:40353961 | DOI:10.1134/S1607672925700140

Dokl Biochem Biophys. 2025 May 11. doi: 10.1134/S1607672925700139. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to determine the clinical and diagnostic value of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 in RA patients in the advanced stage of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: . We examined 154 patients with a reliable diagnosis of RA according to ACR/EULAR criteria (2010), predominantly (73.4%) female, middle-aged (56.0 (50.0; 64.0) years), disease duration of 9.4 (3.0; 13.0) years, radiologic stages II (34.4%) and III (37.0%), and moderate to high activity (DAS28-ESR 5.40 (4.65; 6.00). Of these, 83.8% patients were seropositive for IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM RF), and 68.8% had antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP). As many as 144 (93.5%) patients were taking DMARDs (methotrexate, leflunamide, and sulfasalazine), as well as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids (GCs) up to 10 mg/day in terms of prednisolone. The serum levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 were investigated using multiplex xMAR technology. The upper limit of the norm (M+3σ) in 20 sera of healthy donors was 1.78 pg/mL for IL-17A, 9.5 pg/mL for IL-17F, and 91.55 pg/mL for IL-23. RESULTS. : IL-17A (1.16 (0.50; 2.39) pg/mL) and IL-17F (5.02 (1.00; 138.80) pg/mL) concentrations in RA patients were not significantly different from controls (0.78 (0.00; 1.65) pg/mL and 4.02 (1.46; 7.31) pg/mL, p > 0.05). In contrast, IL-23 levels were significantly higher in patients than in donors (21.36 (2.50; 4626.22) pg/mL and 14.63 (0.00; 91.55) pg/mL, p < 0.05). High values of IL-17F (71 patients, 46.1%) and IL-23 (66 patients, 42.9%) were significantly more frequently detected than IL-17A (46 patients, 29.9%: p = 0.003 and p = 0.02, respectively). Overproduction of IL-17A and IL-17F was simultaneously observed in 37 (24.0%) patients, and 32 (20.8%) patients had an increase in IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23. Correlations between IL-17A and IL-17F concentrations (r = 0.44, p < 0.05), IL-17A and IL-23 (r = 0.40, p < 0.05), IL-17F and IL-23 (r = 0.94, p < 0.05) were found. No statistically significant differences were found between the concentration of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 and the frequency of their elevation in RA patients positive or negative for IgM RF, as well as for ACCP. When IL-17A level was elevated, CDAI and SDAI indices and IgM RF concentration were significantly higher than in the comparison group (p < 0.05). In patients with IL-17F overproduction, predominance of ESR and CRP values was revealed in comparison with the normal values of this index (p < 0.05). At the same time, IL-17A concentration correlated with SDAI (r = 0.17, p < 0.05), IgM RF values (r = 0.19, p < 0.05), and ACCP (r = 0.19, p < 0.05). When IL-23 values were high, the HR was significantly lower (28, p < 0.05), and the groups did not differ in other indices of disease activity, IgM RF and ACCP. No differences in clinical and laboratory indices of RA activity were found between patients with simultaneous elevation of one, two, or three cytokines and groups of patients with their normal concentrations. In RA patients in the advanced stage of the disease, IL-17F overproduction prevails over the frequency of IL-17A elevation. The concentration of IL-23 in serum is significantly higher in patients with RA compared to the control group, and its high values are found in 42.7% of patients. The combined overproduction of IL-17A and IL-17F; IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 does not increase the proinflammatory potential of each individual cytokine.

PMID:40353959 | DOI:10.1134/S1607672925700139

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2024 May 11;86(3):332-341. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1786738. eCollection 2025 Jun.

ABSTRACT

Background Natural language processing (NLP), a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), aims to decipher unstructured human language. This study showcases NLP’s application in surgical health care, focusing on vestibular schwannoma (VS). By employing an NLP platform, we identify prevalent text concepts in VS patients’ electronic health care records (EHRs), creating concept panels covering symptomatology, comorbidities, and management. Through a case study, we illustrate NLP’s potential in predicting postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. Methods An NLP model analyzed EHRs of surgically managed VS patients from 2008 to 2018 in a single center. The model underwent unsupervised (trained on one million documents from EHR) and supervised (300 documents annotated in duplicate) learning phases, extracting text concepts and generating concept panels related to symptoms, comorbidities, and management. Statistical analysis correlated concept occurrences with postoperative complications, notably CSF leaks. Results Analysis included 292 patients’ records, yielding 6,901 unique concepts and 360,929 occurrences. Concept panels highlighted key associations with postoperative CSF leaks, including “antibiotics,” “sepsis,” and “intensive care unit admission.” The NLP model demonstrated high accuracy (precision 0.92, recall 0.96, macro F1 0.93). Conclusion Our NLP model effectively extracted concepts from VS patients’ EHRs, facilitating personalized concept panels with diverse applications. NLP shows promise in surgical settings, aiding in early diagnosis, complication prediction, and patient care. Further validation of NLP’s predictive capabilities is warranted.

PMID:40351873 | PMC:PMC12064303 | DOI:10.1055/s-0044-1786738

Bioinform Adv. 2025 Apr 8;5(1):vbaf066. doi: 10.1093/bioadv/vbaf066. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: TRACK is a user-friendly Snakemake workflow designed to streamline the discovery and comparison of tandem repeats (TRs) across species. TRACK facilitates the cataloging and filtering of TRs based on reference genomes or T2T transcripts, and applies reciprocal LiftOver and sequence alignment methods to identify putative homologous TRs between species. For further analyses, TRACK can be used to genotype TRs and subsequently estimate and plot basic population genetic statistics. By incorporating key functionalities within an integrated workflow, TRACK enhances TR analysis accessibility and reproducibility, while offering flexibility for the user.

AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The TRACK toolkit with step-by-step tutorial is freely available at https://github.com/caroladam/track.

PMID:40351869 | PMC:PMC12064168 | DOI:10.1093/bioadv/vbaf066

J Adv Prosthodont. 2025 Apr;17(2):92-100. doi: 10.4047/jap.2025.17.2.92. Epub 2025 Apr 25.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The location of the edentulous area in the dental arch can influence the design of the bridge prosthesis in the surrounding region and the forces it will encounter. This study assessed the fracture strength of restorations with various geometric designs produced using different additive and subtractive manufacturing methods.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Co-Cr metal and zirconia fixed partial denture (FPD) frameworks were designed in both linear and curved geometries. The Co-Cr metal frameworks were produced through casting (C) and laser sintering (L), while the zirconia (Z) frameworks were obtained through milling (n = 10). After veneering the frameworks, a four-point bending test was conducted on the specimens to assess their fracture strength. All obtained values were statistically analyzed (P < .05).

RESULTS: In both linear and curved groups, Z group showed the lowest fracture resistance values followed by C and L groups and the differences between the groups were found statistically significant (P < .05). In L group, curved FPDs showed statistically significantly higher fracture resistance values than linear FPDs (P < .05). In both Z and C groups, curved FPDs showed statistically significantly lower fracture resistance values than linear FPDs (P < .05).

CONCLUSION: The geometric configuration of the restoration and manufacturing technique affects the fracture resistance of different framework materials in FPDs.

PMID:40351862 | PMC:PMC12059370 | DOI:10.4047/jap.2025.17.2.92

J Adv Prosthodont. 2025 Apr;17(2):70-82. doi: 10.4047/jap.2025.17.2.70. Epub 2025 Apr 25.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Digitalization in dentistry has increased interest in the use of intraoral scanners (IOs) in clinical practice. However, knowledge of implant digitalization is primarily limited to in vitro studies. This study aimed to compare implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDP) fabricated following complete digital workflow using various implant scan bodies (SB) in treatment of short-span partial edentulism.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with 25 short-span posterior edentulous sites, each receiving two implants to support a fixed restoration, were included. Digital implant records were made consecutively with original, non-original, and generic SBs using IOs. A practitioner implemented a two-stage full-arch scanning protocol, beginning with continuous arch scanning, followed by individual scanning of SBs. For clinical evaluation, each site received screw-retained full-contour restorations to qualify the connection fit to the implants and contacts to the adjacent and antagonist teeth. For analytical comparison, implant axes calculated from SB scans were quantified using reverse engineering software to compare the differences three-dimensionally. Restorative outcomes and implant axes records were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test and generalized estimating equations, respectively.

RESULTS: Clinical delivery conditions did not differ significantly among the three intraoral SBs (P > .05). The analytical implant-position calculations for non-original and generic SBs did not present significant differences compared to original SBs (P > .05).

CONCLUSION: SBs with different hardware and software characteristics for an implant system are clinically acceptable for fabricating screw-retained short-span implant-supported FDPs using a complete digital workflow.

PMID:40351861 | PMC:PMC12059372 | DOI:10.4047/jap.2025.17.2.70

Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2025 Apr 24;22:16. doi: 10.4103/drj.drj_545_24. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have indicated that assessing the expression levels of cancer stem cell markers is critical in predicting the behavior of these neoplasms. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the expression levels of CD44 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) markers in pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) using immunohistochemistry.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 20 samples each of PA and MEC were selected from Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Specimens were prepared using immunohistochemical methods and analyzed under an optical microscope. Pathologists evaluated microscopic grade, staining intensity and percentage, and the staining intensity distribution (SID) index. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS (version 26), employing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test.

RESULTS: The mean frequency of stained cells for both CD44 (P = 0.39) and EpCAM (P = 0.40) markers showed no statistically significant differences between the PA and MEC groups. Similarly, the mean intensity of staining did not differ significantly for either CD44 (P = 0.40) or EpCAM (P = 0.18). The average SID index for the EpCAM marker in the MEC group was significantly higher than the PA group (P = 0.03) and for the EpCAM marker, there was a significant difference between the average SID index and all three variables of microscopic grade (P = 0.01), clinical stage (P = 0.00), and 3-year prognosis (P = 0.02).

CONCLUSION: The use of EpCAM immunohistochemical marker may help to predict the behavior of salivary gland tumors and obtain better treatment measures for patients.

PMID:40351859 | PMC:PMC12063989 | DOI:10.4103/drj.drj_545_24

Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2025 Apr 24;22:14. doi: 10.4103/drj.drj_382_24. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The use of 3D printers in dentistry is expected to increase in the future. However, there is limited information available on the accuracy of dental 3D printers for creating dental and implant models. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of 3D-printed casts and traditional plaster casts for the fabrication of tooth-supported and implant-supported restorations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This in vitro study involved a dental model with implant analogs placed at the sites of the right first premolar and molar for an implant-supported bridge and the left first premolar and molar that received preparation for a tooth-supported bridge. Addition silicone impressions were made and poured with dental stone to create 10 plaster casts. The model was scanned using an intraoral scanner, and 20 casts were 3D-printed using digital light processing (DLP) and liquid crystal display (LCD) printers (10 casts for each method). All 30 casts, including the reference model, were scanned using a laboratory scanner, and the obtained Standard Triangle Language files were superimposed in Geomagic software. Data analysis revealed violations of normality and homogeneity of variances. As a result, the Kruskal-Wallis H test, a nonparametric method, was employed to compare root mean square (1 RMS = 100 μm) values across three groups. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27. RMS values were calculated (P < 0.05).

RESULTS: The RMS value was significantly lower in the conventional plaster cast group compared to the LCD group (P = 0.002). However, there was no significant difference between the LCD and DLP groups (P = 0.214) or between the conventional and DLP groups (P = 0.345). The interdental distance in the conventional group was significantly lower than that in the 3D-printed groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two printing methods (P = 0.31). The interimplant distance was lower in the 3D-printed groups compared to the conventional group, and this difference was significant between the DLP and conventional groups (P = 0.02).

CONCLUSION: Although plaster casts demonstrated higher accuracy, 3D-printed casts using additive technology yielded accurate results within the clinically acceptable range (<200 μm).

PMID:40351858 | PMC:PMC12063992 | DOI:10.4103/drj.drj_382_24