Tag: nevin manimala

Burns. 2025 May 27;51(6):107530. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2025.107530. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this study was to translate the Itch Man Scale into Turkish and validate it for use in assessing itching in pediatric burn patients.

METHODS: This language adaptation and psychometric testing was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the Itch Man Scale was translated into Turkish by expert translators-and back translated into English-and the content validity was assessed by subject-matter experts. In the second stage, the scale was administered twice within 30 minutes to 102 pediatric patients with burns to evaluate the test-retest reliability. The Visual Analog Scale and 5-D Itch Scale were also administered once to the same group to assess convergent validity.

RESULTS: Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the Itch Man Scale and both the Visual Analog Scale (r = 0.767, p < 0.001) and the 5-D Itch Scale (r = 0.665, p < 0.001). The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.915.

CONCLUSION: The Itch Man Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for Turkish pediatric burn patients and is therefore recommended for use in assessing itching in such patients in Türkiye.

PMID:40435536 | DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2025.107530

JMIR Aging. 2025 May 28;8:e66610. doi: 10.2196/66610.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mobile apps and peer support are known to effectively promote physical activity in older adults, which, in turn, improves physical function. Previously, we investigated the feasibility and impact of using digital peer-supported apps (DPSAs) to increase physical activity among older adults over a 3-month period. However, the long-term feasibility and impact on sustainable behavior change remain unknown.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the 12-month feasibility of the DPSA and to obtain preliminary estimates of its effects on physical activity and physical function among older Japanese adults.

METHODS: This nonrandomized controlled trial recruited older adults aged 65 years or older from 2 physical activity programs. Participants chose either the intervention (app program + exercise instruction) group or the control (exercise instruction only) group. Only those participants who had completed the 3-month intervention and wished to continue in the 12-month follow-up intervention study were included. DPSA feasibility was assessed using retention and adherence rates. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers, capturing daily step count, light-intensity activity, moderate to vigorous intensity activity, and sedentary behavior. Physical function was evaluated using grip strength and the 30-second chair stand test (CS-30). Accelerometer measurements were collected every 3 months over 12 months (5 time points, including baseline), whereas physical function was measured at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months.

RESULTS: The follow-up study included 44 of 66 participants from the 3-month intervention study, with 26 participants in the intervention group and 18 participants in the control group. The 12-month retention rate for participants in the DPSA intervention group was 73% (19/26), whereas the retention rate among all 41 participants, including those who chose not to participate in the follow-up study, was 46% (19/41). The adherence rate was 85.9%. The average number of steps per day (95% CI) in the intervention group changed before and after DPSA use (P=.048). We observed an increase of 1736 (β=1736, 95% CI 232-3241) steps per day compared with baseline. No significant change was observed in the control group. There were significant within-group differences in CS-30 scores for both intervention (P<.001) and control (P=.03) groups over the 12-month period. Specifically, there was a significant change in CS-30 scores (95% CI) between the baseline and 12-month assessments for the intervention (β=6.5, 95% CI 3.8-9.1; P<.001) and control (β=3.8, 95% CI 0.6-7.1; P=.02) groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Participants with long-term DPSA use observed increases in average daily steps and CS-30 scores before and after DPSA use, although only a limited number of older adults had long-term access to the DPSA. Identifying ways to expand long-term DPSA use among older adults is necessary. Additionally, randomized controlled trials should be conducted to determine the long-term effects of DPSAs on physical activity and function in older adults.

PMID:40435519 | DOI:10.2196/66610

Cogn Emot. 2025 May 28:1-15. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2025.2508400. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This experiment aimed to test whether FutureMe, a VR-tool combining positive mental imagery and dual tasking, is efficacious in increasing willingness to exposure, and decreasing distress, emotionality, and vividness, of children’s autobiographical fears, compared to an active VR control condition. Additionally, the moderating role of emotion regulation difficulties was investigated. Children (N = 557; 53.9% boys), with a mean age of 10.14 years (SD = 1.90), were randomly allocated to either the FutureMe (n = 281) or control (n = 276) condition. Willingness to exposure, distress, emotionality, and vividness were measured at pre- and posttest on a VAS from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much). Parents (n = 437) filled out the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Parent Report, assessing their child’s emotion regulation difficulties. Willingness to exposure increased only in the FutureMe condition. Distress and emotionality decreased in both conditions. Vividness decreased only in the control condition. Emotion regulation difficulties moderated the pre-post change of distress and emotionality only within the control condition. This study shows that the FutureMe could improve children’s willingness to exposure, which in clinical practice could lead to less drop-out in anxiety therapy for children. More research is needed on the separate effects of dual tasking and positive mental imagery.

PMID:40435503 | DOI:10.1080/02699931.2025.2508400

PLoS One. 2025 May 28;20(5):e0324604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324604. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

Current predictive methods for dam failures in reservoirs remain limited, indicating that the underlying mechanisms of such failures are not yet fully understood. To further elucidate the interrelationships among safety monitoring data in the reservoir area, this study established 36 monitoring cross-sections distributed across upper, middle, and lower slope zones. Each cross-section was instrumented with eight different types of monitoring devices. A total of 4,320 samples were collected (432 samples per instrument type), resulting in an overall dataset of 34,560 measurements. The monitoring data were sequentially analyzed using: (1) descriptive statistics, (2) Welch/Brown-Forsythe post hoc One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and (3) cluster analysis. The results demonstrate that: (1) Significant correlations exist among monitoring variables, with the strongest positive correlation observed between loading and lean (r = 0.40), while the strongest negative correlation occurred between sedimentation and stress (r = -0.39). (2) Cluster analysis of the eight monitoring variables revealed two distinct clusters: soil displacement, stress, and water-level formed one cluster, while the remaining variables comprised the second cluster. In summary, variations in monitoring data and their correlations resulted from water-level and environmental changes in the reservoir area, with spatial differences across monitoring types. A thorough investigation of these variations and their causes will enable accurate safety assessments of the reservoir area and support tailored response strategies for different locations.

PMID:40435450 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0324604

PLoS One. 2025 May 28;20(5):e0324545. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324545. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

AIM: In the present study, we aimed to provide an epidemiological and descriptive overview of violence against healthcare workers in an Italian university hospital, presenting and characterizing the risk factors in the department where such events occur and to propose ways to prevent aggressive behaviors.

METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed violence against healthcare workers by patients and attendants at an Italian university hospital from 2020 to 2022. Aggressions were documented in anonymous incident reports collected by the hospital’s Clinical Risk Unit. The frequencies and percentages were calculated via a descriptive analysis. Chi-square tests were used to compare the wards with the most aggressions to other wards.

RESULTS: Of the 219 included cases, the aggressors were primarily male patients and the victims female nurses. Most of the aggressions occurred in the psychiatry and emergency department. Among the aggressors, 41.1%, had a psychiatric diagnosis or neurocognitive impairment. Over half the cases involved physical aggression. Compared to other wards, psychiatric wards showed an even distribution of aggressor gender, a higher proportion of male victims, fewer verbal aggressions, and less impact from environmental factors. Notably, female aggressor status (p < 0.001, OR = 8.687) and involvement in physical assaults (p < 0.001, OR = 15.236) were identified as independent risk factors associated with aggression in psychiatric settings.

CONCLUSION: Our findings align with the literature in that most of the incidents occurred in the psychiatry and emergency medicine departments and involved nurses. However, physical rather than verbal aggression predominated. Notable distribution, risk factor, and qualitative differences were observed between the psychiatric and non-psychiatric services, which warrants further investigation. Our results could be useful in implementing better prevention strategies based on the type of ward.

PMID:40435448 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0324545

JCO Clin Cancer Inform. 2025 May;9:e2400324. doi: 10.1200/CCI-24-00324. Epub 2025 May 28.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Recent advances in machine learning have led to the development of classifiers that predict molecular subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data. Although these models have shown promising results, they often lack robust performance guarantees. The aim of this study was three-fold: to quantify the uncertainty of these classifiers, to provide prediction sets that control the false-negative rate (FNR), and to perform implicit error reduction by transforming incorrect predictions into uncertain predictions.

METHODS: Conformal prediction (CP) is a distribution-agnostic framework for generating statistically calibrated prediction sets whose size reflects model uncertainty. In this study, we applied an extension called conformal risk control to three RNA-seq ALL subtype classifiers. Leveraging RNA-seq data from 1,227 patient samples taken at diagnosis, we developed a multiclass conformal predictor ALLCoP, which generates statistically guaranteed FNR-controlled prediction sets.

RESULTS: ALLCoP was able to create prediction sets with specified FNR tolerances ranging from 7.5% to 30%. In a validation cohort, ALLCoP successfully reduced the FNR of the ALLIUM RNA-seq ALL subtype classifier from 8.95% to 3.5%. For patients whose subtype was not previously known, the use of ALLCoP was able to reduce the occurrence of empty predictions from 37% to 17%. Notably, up to 34% of the multiple-class prediction sets included the PAX5alt subtype, suggesting that increased prediction set size may reflect secondary aberrations and biological complexity, contributing to classifier uncertainty. Finally, ALLCoP was validated on two additional RNA-seq ALL subtype classifiers, ALLSorts and ALLCatchR.

CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the potential of CP in enhancing the use of oncologic RNA-seq subtyping classifiers and also in uncovering additional molecular aberrations of potential clinical importance.

PMID:40435436 | DOI:10.1200/CCI-24-00324

Omega (Westport). 2025 May 28:302228251346910. doi: 10.1177/00302228251346910. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to assess the levels of death literacy, death anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty among family caregivers of elderly individuals and identify the factors influencing these variables. This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study. Statistically significant differences in the mean scores of death literacy and death anxiety were found among caregivers who were the patient’s spouse, provided care ≥5 days per week, perceived their health as poor during caregiving, had not received education regarding death, and had not engaged in discussions about death with the patient. A statistically significant negative relationship was identified between death literacy and both intolerance of uncertainty and death anxiety among caregivers. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the caregiver’s relationship to the patient, the frequency of caregiving, self-perceived health status during caregiving, receiving education about death, and having discussions about death with the patient were significant factors affecting death literacy.

PMID:40435405 | DOI:10.1177/00302228251346910

J Perinat Med. 2025 May 27. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2024-0361. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Optimal macronutrient (protein, fat, carbohydrate) values in human milk (HM) are essential for the healthy growth of infants, particularly those with very low birth weight. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between macronutrient content in HM and the characteristics of donations in the Croatian HM bank.

METHODS: A total of 211 pools of HM from 51 donors were included. Analysis of HM was performed on MIRIS Human Milk Analyzer (Miris AB, Uppsala, Sweden). Prior to routine use, a brief verification of MIRIS was performed (between-run and within-run precision).

RESULTS: In precision study the coefficients of variation were all below 10 %, as well as bias, with the exception of the between-run for crude proteins high control level (bias was 12 %). Storage temperature in the donor’s home positively correlated with fat (p=0.004) and energy content (p=0.009) and negatively correlated with carbohydrates (p=0.003). The duration of lactation (p<0.001) and the duration of HM storage (in donor’s home p=0.022; in the bank p=0.001; total duration of HM storage p<0.001) negatively correlated with proteins in HM. Statistically significant difference was obtained for all components (fat p=0.008, proteins p=0.006, carbohydrates p<0.001, energy content p=0.002) when comparing infant’s sex and milk macronutrients, with male infants having higher values.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that various factors can affect the macronutrient content of donated HM. It is important to monitor all factors that may impact on the quality of HM.

PMID:40435395 | DOI:10.1515/jpm-2024-0361

Child Care Health Dev. 2025 Jul;51(4):e70106. doi: 10.1111/cch.70106.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Ensuring consistency in both conceptualization and operationalization of physical activity parenting practices is vital for translating insights on parental influences into effective intervention. This study aimed to develop a psychometrically sound measure for comprehensively assessing Chinese parents’ parenting practices regarding early adolescents’ physical activity.

METHODS: A total of 70 measurement items were developed from translating, adapting and revising the Physical Activity Parenting Practice (PAPP) item bank. Content validity was assessed via consultation with 10 experts and cognitive interviews with six 7th graders. The psychometric properties assessed included structural validity via exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, predictive validity against adolescent-reported physical activity levels and test-retest reliability of construct scores over 2 weeks. The sample comprised 725 adolescents aged 12-15 years, of whom 114 completed the survey twice, 2 weeks apart.

RESULTS: Eight PAPP constructs from the control, structure and autonomy support domains were identified forming a set of 49 measurement items. The structure within each domain demonstrated good model fit and comparable alignment with the international conceptual framework. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of each construct ranged from 0.70 to 0.90. Five construct scores had significant positive associations with adolescents’ physical activity levels (β ranged from 0.14 to 0.43, p < 0.001). Test-retest construct scores generated moderate to large correlations with coefficients ranging from 0.60 to 0.80.

CONCLUSION: Psychometric testing supported the reliability and validity of the physical activity parenting practice questionnaire for Chinese youth (CYPAPP). This culturally adapted measure would enable cross-cultural comparisons to better understand parental influences on adolescents’ physical activity.

PMID:40435389 | DOI:10.1111/cch.70106

JMIR Infodemiology. 2025 May 28;5:e66081. doi: 10.2196/66081.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Vaccine information and misinformation are spread through social media in ways that may vary by platform. Understanding the role social media plays in shaping vaccine preferences is crucial for policymakers and researchers.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to test whether social media use is associated with changes in vaccine preferences during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand, and whether trust in sources of information has a moderating role.

METHODS: Our data consist of a balanced panel of 257 web-based respondents in New Zealand in August 2020, October-November 2020, and March-April 2021. We use a novel approach with stated choice panel data to study transitions between different vaccine preference groups. We analyze the associations between these transitions and social media use. We classify respondents as resistant (never chose a vaccine), hesitant (chose a vaccine between 1 and 5 times), and provaccine (chose a vaccine 6 out of 6 times) in each wave of data.

RESULTS: We found a positive or neutral association between social media use and vaccine uptake. Facebook, Twitter (pre-2022), and TikTok users who are provaccine are less likely to become hesitant or resistant. Facebook and Instagram users who are hesitant are more likely to become pro. Some social media platforms may have a more positive association with vaccine uptake preferences for those who do not trust the government.

CONCLUSIONS: The paper contributes to the wider literature, which shows social media can be associated with reinforcing both pro and antivaccination sentiment, and these results depend on where individuals get their information from and their trust in such sources.

PMID:40435386 | DOI:10.2196/66081