Tag: nevin manimala

BMC Geriatr. 2025 Nov 25;25(1):953. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-06654-6.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Health check-ups have emerged as a promising tool for disease prevention and health improvement. China introduced a community-based program providing annual health check-ups and consultation services at no cost for seniors aged 65 and above. However, the program’s impact has not yet been evaluated. This study purposed to assess the impact of the free health check-up program for the elderly.

METHODS: We analysed a pooled cross-sectional data from the National Health Service Survey (Shandong) in 2013 and 2018, comprising 38,948 representative samples. The outpatient care utilization, inpatient care utilization, and the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ5D) score were used to assess the program’s effects on reducing medical use and improving health. A combined Difference-in-Difference and treatment-effect model were employed to assess the program’s impact, after balancing the differences between the 2013 and 2018 samples using Coarsened Exact Matching. Moreover, this study explored variations in impact between urban and rural areas, as well as potential mechanism of underlying policy effect.

RESULTS: The free health check-up program for the elderly was significantly associated with an increase in EQ5D score and a reduction in outpatient care and inpatient care utilization (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the impacts were differed between urban and rural areas. The implementation of the free health check-up program has a statistically significant negative impact on the inpatient care utilization(P < 0.1) and positive impact on EQ5D scores (P < 0.05) among rural elderly, while these impacts do not reach statistical significance for urban elderly. The results of mechanism analysis indicated that free health check-ups program assists elderly in improving health through reducing unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption.

CONCLUSION: The free health check-up program for the elderly was associated with a reduction in their medical use and an increase in their health, positioning it as a potential model for other countries grappling with an ageing populace. Despite free nature of the program, the increment in the health check-up utilization remains low among the elderly. Enhanced efforts to promote effective use and follow-up consultation are necessary.

PMID:41291448 | DOI:10.1186/s12877-025-06654-6

BMC Gastroenterol. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1186/s12876-025-04453-2. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41291436 | DOI:10.1186/s12876-025-04453-2

Mol Med. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01379-z. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a global problem that seriously affects human health. At present, there is still a lack of effective drugs to treat OA. Therefore, we need to find more drugs with preventive and therapeutic effects on OA. In this study, we obtained single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk-RNA seq datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). By using high-dimensional weighted correlation network analysis (hdWGCNA), random forest method and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses, five key genes (CXCL8, CCL20, MMP3, BIRC3 and ICAM1) related to OA were identified and the RT-qPCR experiments verified the differential expression of CXCL8, CCL20 and BIRC3 between Triclocarban (TCC) treated zebrafishes and controls. The SAVERUNNER algorithm predicted 42 candidate drugs. Mendelian randomization (MR) of the candidate drugs showed that the increased expression of TUBB1 led to a reduced risk of OA (β = -0.08, P-value = 4.56E-04), while Cabazitaxel (a microtubule dynamics inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer) inhibits the expression of TUBB1, thus increases the risk of OA. Pitavastatin (a statin lipid-lowering drug that can reduce blood lipid levels and the risk of cardiovascular diseases) target genes expression (for HMGCR [Formula: see text]= 0.13, P-value = 2.67E-06, for ITGAL [Formula: see text]= 0.08, P-value = 6.57E-08) leads to an increased risk of OA, while Pitavastatin inhibits the expression of target genes, thus reduces risk of OA. The zebrafish experiments showed that Pitavastatin can increase the joint space of TCC treated OA zebrafish, while Cabazitaxel can decrease the joint space of TCC treated OA zebrafish. The RT-qPCR results of zebrafish verified that Pitavastatin inhibited the expression of HMGCR, while Cabazitaxel inhibited the expression of TUBB1. Our study suggested that Pitavastatin has therapeutic effects on OA, while Cabazitaxel increases the risk of OA.

PMID:41291434 | DOI:10.1186/s10020-025-01379-z

BMC Anesthesiol. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1186/s12871-025-03508-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Reintubation after planned extubation (RAP) following general anesthesia is a serious complication associated with intensive care unit admission, prolonged hospitalization, and increased mortality. Despite its clinical significance, no routinely validated clinical scoring system currently exists for predicting RAP. This study aimed to develop a clinical prediction rule for reintubation within 24 h after general anesthesia.

METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 657 patients (235 cases and 422 controls) who underwent general anesthesia at Ramathibodi Hospital between 2014 and 2018. Cases were defined as patients reintubated within 24 h after planned extubation, and controls were randomly selected from those with successful extubation on the same operative day. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors, and significant predictors were transformed into a point-based risk score.

RESULTS: Significant predictors of reintubation included age < 1 or > 65 years, ASA classification ≥ III, emergency surgery, neurosurgical or thoracic procedures, vasopressor or inotrope use, positive fluid balance ≥ 40 mL/kg, and failure to follow commands after anesthesia. The score-based model demonstrated strong discrimination with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.831 (95% CI: 0.795-0.868). Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test using 9 groups: χ²(df = 7) = 10.67, p = 0.154. Bootstrap validation confirmed consistent performance, with an optimism-adjusted AUROC of 0.831 (95% CI: 0.798-0.870). Based on total score ranges, patients were stratified into two risk categories. Those with a score of 0-9 was classified as low risk with a positive likelihood ratio (LHR+) of 0.693 (95% CI: 0.526-0.913, p = 0.004), and scores of 9.5-20 were considered high risk with an LHR + of 11.363 (95% CI: 5.611-25.306, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: The RAP prediction score is a validated clinical prediction tool with good discrimination of postoperative RAP. It effectively stratifies postoperative patients into distinct risk categories and may guide for recognition and decision making for extubation during postoperative period.

PMID:41291422 | DOI:10.1186/s12871-025-03508-x

BMC Bioinformatics. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1186/s12859-025-06215-z. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

As data complexity and volume increase rapidly, efficient statistical methods for identifying significant variables become crucial. Variable selection plays a vital role in establishing relationships between predictors and response variables. The challenge lies in achieving this goal while controlling the False Discovery Rate (FDR) and maintaining statistical power. The knockoff filter, a recent approach, generates inexpensive knockoff variables that mimic the correlation structure of the original variables, serving as negative controls for inference. In this study, we extend the use of knockoffs to Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), a fast and accurate machine learning technique. Shapely Additive Explanations (SHAP) values are employed to interpret the black-box nature of machine learning. Through extensive experimentation, our proposed method outperforms traditional approaches, accurately identifying important variables for each class. It offers improved speed and efficiency across multiple datasets. To validate our approach, an extensive simulation study is conducted. The integration of knockoffs into LightGBM enhances performance and interpretability, contributing to the advancement of variable selection methods. Our research addresses the challenges of variable selection in the era of big data, providing a valuable tool for identifying relevant variables in statistical modeling and machine learning applications.

PMID:41291416 | DOI:10.1186/s12859-025-06215-z

BMC Bioinformatics. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1186/s12859-025-06276-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Reconstructing ECG signals from PPG measurements is a critical task for non-invasive cardiac monitoring. While several public ECG-PPG datasets exist, they lack the diversity found in image datasets, and the data collection process often introduces noise, making ECG reconstruction from PPG signals challenging even for advanced machine learning models.

RESULTS: We propose a novel ODE-based method for generating synthetic ECG-PPG pairs to enhance training diversity. Building on this, we introduce CLEP-GAN, a subject-independent PPG-to-ECG reconstruction framework that integrates contrastive learning, adversarial learning, and attention gating. CLEP-GAN achieves performance that matches or surpasses current state-of-the-art methods, particularly in reconstructing ECG signals from unseen subjects. Evaluation on real-world datasets (BIDMC and CapnoBase) confirms its effectiveness. Additionally, our analysis shows that demographic factors such as sex and age significantly impact reconstruction accuracy, emphasizing the importance of incorporating demographic diversity during model training and data augmentation.

CONCLUSIONS: Our method produces synthetic ECG-PPG pairs with RR interval distributions closely aligned with their real counterparts and shows strong potential to simulate diverse rhythms such as regular sinus rhythm (RSR), sinus arrhythmia (SA), and atrial fibrillation (AFib). Furthermore, CLEP-GAN demonstrates robust performance on both synthetic and real datasets, achieving near-perfect reconstruction in synthetic settings and competitive results on real data. These findings highlight CLEP-GAN’s promise for reliable, non-invasive ECG monitoring in clinical applications.

PMID:41291415 | DOI:10.1186/s12859-025-06276-0

World J Surg. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1002/wjs.70160. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The HALP score, a scoring method that has demonstrated effectiveness in inflammatory clinical conditions and is increasingly used in clinical practice, can be utilized to distinguish between complicated and uncomplicated cases of acute appendicitis. Additionally, it may serve as a reference for initiating medical treatment at an earlier stage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with acute appendicitis and operated on were included. Patients who underwent conventional open appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy as surgical procedures were examined retrospectively by scanning their files. Preoperative CBC and biochemistry values of the patients were recorded by scanning their files retrospectively. From here, preoperative hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) Score [hemoglobin (g/L) × albumin (g/L) × lymphocyte count (/L)]/platelet count (/L)], neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) [neutrophil count (/L)/lymphocyte count (/L)] and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) [platelet count (/L)/lymphocyte count (/L)] were calculated manually.

RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between patients with and without complications in terms of preoperative WBC, neutrophil counts and lymphocyte counts in the preoperative period (p values; 0.015, < 0.006 and < 0.004, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of other preoperative blood values (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of NLR, PLR, and HALP score calculated from preoperative CBC parameters.

CONCLUSION: HALP score is an important biomarker, like other biomarkers, in the early diagnosis of complications, initiating antibiotic therapy earlier, gaining time during transport, and preventing complications that may arise due to exacerbation of the disease.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT07002671.

PMID:41291390 | DOI:10.1002/wjs.70160

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2025 Nov 25;151(12):329. doi: 10.1007/s00432-025-06364-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The lncRNA FOXD3-AS1 shows abnormal expression in various tumors, but its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to examine FOXD3-AS1 expression patterns in PCa and its molecular role in regulating PEG10 through miR-491-5p.

METHODS: The methodological approach involved the application of RT-qPCR to determine the expression profiles of FOXD3-AS1, miR-491-5p, and PEG10 across PCa tissues and in vitro cell systems; subcellular localization analysis determined the cytoplasmic distribution of FOXD3-AS1; Cell proliferation, migratory and invasive capacities, as well as apoptosis, were assessed using CCK-8, transwell, and flow cytometric assays, respectively; dual-luciferase reporter assays verified the targeting relationships between molecules; statistical software was used for data analysis.

RESULTS: FOXD3-AS1 demonstrated substantial upregulation within prostate carcinoma tissues and cultured cells and was found to be predominantly localized within the cytoplasmic compartment. Functional experiments demonstrated that depleting FOXD3-AS1 strongly impeded cell multiplication, spread, and penetration, and enhanced apoptotic activity. Rescue assays demonstrated that co-intervention of miR-491-5p or its downstream target PEG10 could counteract the tumor-suppressive effects induced by FOXD3-AS1 silencing. Mechanistically, FOXD3-AS1 functions as a ceRNA, sequestering miR-491-5p to attenuate its repression of PEG10.

CONCLUSION: FOXD3-AS1 influences PCa cell behavior via the miR-491-5p/PEG10 axis.

PMID:41291383 | DOI:10.1007/s00432-025-06364-x

Nutr Clin Pract. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1002/ncp.70075. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 significantly affected traditional nutrition assessment methods, forcing experts to quickly adjust to new constraints. This study examined practices in clinical nutrition during the pandemic in Latin America based on professional background or experience.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey from July to November 2021 involved clinical nutrition experts from 18 Latin American countries. A 70-item questionnaire assessed anthropometric, biochemical, and dietetic indicators; screening and diagnostic tools; and methods for estimating nutrient requirements. For statistical analyses we used nonparametric tests and latent profile analyses.

RESULTS: Among the 398 participants, the sample included dietitians/nutritionists (63%), physicians (25%), and nurses (12%). Biochemical indicators were used by 87%, dietetic indicators by 71%, and anthropometric measurements by 65%. Only one-third used GLIM criteria, whereas nearly 30% indicated that they did not use any screening tools. Variations in professional practices were observed regarding laboratory test requisitions and dietary assessment methodologies. Dietitians favored the use of recalls, whereas physicians generally ordered a greater number of biochemical tests. There was a significant variation in the estimation of protein and energy requirements, particularly outside of critical care environments. The influence of seniority on assessment practices was negligible.

CONCLUSION: Nutrition evaluation throughout the pandemic has demonstrated considerable variability with an individual’s profession demonstrating a more substantial impact than their level of seniority. The limited utilization of standardized tools highlights continued fragmentation and emphasizes the necessity for interprofessional education and institutional policies to ensure consistent, evidence-based nutrition care.

PMID:41291368 | DOI:10.1002/ncp.70075

Sports Med. 2025 Nov 25. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02346-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Soccer is a high-intensity sport that requires high levels of physical fitness, including balance, change of direction (CoD), speed and power. The FIFA 11 + program has been widely promoted to enhance physical fitness and reduce injury occurrence.

OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis set out to examine how the FIFA 11 + program, implemented as a warm-up versus conventional warm-up (soccer-specific and alternative warm-ups), impacts physical fitness attributes in youth and adult soccer players.

METHODS: After a priori defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 intervention studies with 611 male and female soccer players (Tier 2-4) aged 9-29 years were eligible to be included. The FIFA 11 + program implemented in the warm-up was contrasted with conventional warm-up programs (control) on outcome measures such as dynamic balance, CoD speed, linear sprint and proxies of muscle power (vertical jump height). The influence of potential moderators (e.g., training duration, frequency, session duration, age, sex, training and performance calibre) on study outcome measures was examined using subgroup analyses with the median split method.

RESULTS: Findings demonstrated small-to-moderate improvements in favour of FIFA 11 + compared with conventional warm-ups on dynamic balance (small standardized mean differences [SMDs] = 0.37, p < 0.001, heterogeneity [I²] = 7), CoD speed (moderate SMDs = – 0.65, p = 0.005, I² = 84), and vertical jump height (small SMDs = 0.56, p < 0.001, I² = 71). Results from the sub-analyses showed that, for dynamic balance, shorter training durations (< 9 weeks) produced larger effects than longer durations (≥ 9 weeks) (SMDs = 0.62 versus SMDs = 0.17). For vertical jump height, < 9 weeks also yielded greater improvements (SMDs = 0.79 versus SMDs = 0.26). In terms of weekly training frequency, ≥ 3 sessions/week elicited larger gains in change-of-direction speed (SMDs = – 1.05 versus SMDs = – 0.12) and vertical jump height (SMDs = 0.73 versus SMDs = 0.01) compared with < 3 sessions/week. Regarding participant characteristics, players aged ≥ 18 years showed greater improvements than those < 18 years in change-of-direction speed (SMDs = – 1.45 versus SMDs = – 0.06) and vertical jump height (SMDs = 0.64 versus SMDs = 0.22). For sex differences, males experienced greater benefits than females in change-of-direction speed (SMDs = – 0.79 versus SMDs = – 0.04) and vertical jump height (SMDs = 0.54 versus SMDs = 0.09). Finally, higher-level players (≥ tier 3) demonstrated greater improvements in vertical jump height than lower-tier players (< Tier 3) (SMDs = 0.75 versus SMDs = 0.01). The observed benefits were statistically significant but generally of small-to-moderate magnitude and affected by study heterogeneity and program implementation differences. Most studies included male participants, limiting generalizability to female and underrepresented populations. Several studies also lacked rigorous methodological design, particularly in allocation, concealment and blinding. Reporting of training and demographic variables was often incomplete. These limitations highlight the necessity for rigorously designed, low-bias randomized controlled trials with standardized implementation of the FIFA 11 + program and thorough reporting to enhance the reliability of causal conclusions and improve clinical interpretation.

CONCLUSION: The FIFA 11 + program was more effective than conventional soccer warm-up programs to enhance soccer players’ physical fitness (i.e., dynamic balance, CoD speed, vertical jump height). A shorter training duration (< 9 weeks) and more weekly training sessions (≥ 3 sessions/week) induced larger performance effects. FIFA 11 + was more effective in older (≥ 18 years) and male players and in players of higher performance calibre (≥ Tier 3). These findings underscore the versatility of the FIFA 11 + program to improve soccer players’ physical fitness, supporting its integration into the warm-up of regular soccer training sessions.

PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42025633810 , PROSPERO: CRD42025633810.

PMID:41291351 | DOI:10.1007/s40279-025-02346-8