Salud Publica Mex. 2025 Sep 26;67(5 (sept-oct)):441-443. doi: 10.21149/17518.
ABSTRACT
No disponible.
PMID:41150972 | DOI:10.21149/17518
Tag: nevin manimala
Eur Heart J. 2025 Oct 28:ehaf917. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf917. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is associated with a significant risk of mortality, rehospitalisation, and angina burden. Despite its clinical impact, no randomized clinical trials have hitherto evaluated optimal management strategy for MINOCA. The PROMISE trial was designed to assess whether a stratified treatment improves clinical outcomes in patients with MINOCA as compared to standard care.
METHODS: PROMISE is a multicentre randomised trial. Patients with MINOCA were randomised 1:1 to either a stratified treatment based on a comprehensive diagnostic workup aimed at identifying the underlying aetiology, or to standard care. The primary endpoint was the between-group difference in the change in angina status at 12 months, assessed by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire summary score (SAQSS). The secondary endpoint was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as the composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure hospitalization and repeated coronary angiography. The trial was terminated early upon recommendation by the Data and Safety Monitoring Board due to clear benefits observed in the intervention group and potential harm in the control group.
RESULTS: Of 101 randomized patients, 92 were confirmed as MINOCA and included in the final analysis (mean age 62±13 years, 48% women; stratified treatment n=45; standard care n=47). At 12-month follow-up, SAQSS was significantly higher in the stratified treatment than in standard care group, with a mean between-group difference of +9.38 in favour of the stratified treatment (95% confidence interval 6.81 to 11.95; p<0.001). MACE occurred in 1 patient (2.2%) in the stratified treatment and in 4 patients (8.5%) in the standard care group, though the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.18).
CONCLUSIONS: In this first randomized trial of treatment strategies in MINOCA, a stratified treatment, based on comprehensive diagnostic assessment and aetiology-guided therapy, led to a significant improvement in angina-related health status. While the study findings provide the first evidence supporting individualized management in this heterogeneous and often under-recognized patient population, these results require confirmation in a larger prospective study with longer follow-up.
PMID:41150941 | DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf917
Salud Publica Mex. 2025 May 30;67(3 (may-jun)):259-268. doi: 10.21149/16060.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estimar el porcentaje de población mexicana escolar, adolescente y adulta con cumplimiento a las Guías Alimentarias Saludables y Sostenibles (GASS) e identificar las características sociodemográficas asociadas. Material y métodos. Con información de 2 500 escolares, 1 750 adolescentes y 5 174 adultos proveniente del cuestionario semicuantitativo de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de 2020 a 2023 se estimó el consumo de porciones de grupos de alimentos y el porcentaje de población que cumplió con la recomendación de frutas, verduras, leguminosas, nueces y semillas, y carne, por grupo de edad. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística múltiple para identificar características sociodemográficas asociadas con el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones.
RESULTADOS: El cumplimiento de verduras fue <30%; nueces y semillas 2-4%; carne de res >50%; leguminosas <1.4% y para frutas 45% en escolares, 36% en adultos y 27% en adolescentes. Las características asociadas al cumplimiento de las recomendaciones fueron el índice de condición de bienestar, sexo, localidad de residencia, escolaridad y edad, comportándose diferente entre grupos de edad y grupos de alimentos analizados. Conclusión. El cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de las GASS es muy bajo, por lo que es necesaria la participación intersectorial para promoverlas.
PMID:41150934 | DOI:10.21149/16060
Salud Publica Mex. 2025 May 30;67(3 (may-jun)):276-281. doi: 10.21149/16293.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estimar tendencias de uso exclusivo de tabaco combustible, cigarro electrónico y uso dual en población mexicana entre 2018 y 2023. Material y métodos. Se utilizó información de las Ensanut 2018 a 2023 para estimar tendencias de uso exclusivo de tabaco combustible, cigarro electrónico y uso dual en población de 15 años o más.
RESULTADOS: Entre 2018 y 2023, el uso exclusivo de tabaco combustible en mujeres aumentó de 8.4 a 10%. En el grupo de 15 a 19 años, el uso exclusivo de tabaco combustible disminuyó de 9.8 a 5%, mientras que el uso exclusivo de cigarro electrónico aumentó de 1.3 a 6.6%. El uso dual por sexo y grupos de edad permaneció sin cambios.
CONCLUSIONES: El uso de tabaco combustible y cigarro electrónico ha cambiado de manera diferencial entre grupos vulnerables: adolescentes y mujeres. Es urgente cumplir de manera integral con el Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco (CMCT) con el fin de contrarrestar la interferencia de la industria.
PMID:41150932 | DOI:10.21149/16293
Salud Publica Mex. 2025 May 30;67(3 (may-jun)):248-258. doi: 10.21149/16479.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Evaluar la asociación entre trayectorias de asistencia a Guarderías del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (GIMSS) durante 2006-2010 y la Evaluación Nacional del Logro Académico en Centros Escolares (ENLACE) entre 2009-2013. Material y métodos. Se identificaron 84 668 niñas y niños que asistieron a GIMSS durante diferentes intervalos de tiempo y con resultados de ENLACE en tercero de primaria. Como comparación se seleccionaron participantes de la prueba ENLACE de la misma escuela, turno y año de aplicación que no asistieron a GIMSS (n=84 616). Las trayectorias de asistencia a GIMSS se hicieron con KmL (k-means+) considerando los días de asistencia; la categoría de referencia fue “no asistencia al IMSS”. Para la asociación entre trayectorias de asistencia y la ENLACE se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal condicionales independientes.
RESULTADOS: Se identificaron tres trayectorias de asistencia: baja (41.02%), media (30.50%) y alta (28.48%). Las infancias con trayectoria de asistencia alta presentaron un incremento de 2.87 puntos (IC95%: 1.25, 4.50; p<0.001) en español y de 4.15 puntos (IC95%: 2.16, 6.15; p<0.001) en matemáticas comparadas con aquéllas sin asistencia a GIMSS. Conclusión. La asistencia a GIMSS parece conferir ventajas en el logro académico posterior y disminución de rezago académico cuando la asistencia es constante; la permanencia en guarderías debe fomentarse.
PMID:41150927 | DOI:10.21149/16479
Salud Publica Mex. 2025 May 30;67(3 (may-jun)):227-238. doi: 10.21149/16507.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estimar la cobertura de mastografía en México y analizar las características sociodemográficas y espaciales asociadas con su realización. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal. Se analizó la cobertura de mastografía en mujeres de 40 a 69 años utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2018, 2021 y 2022. Se analizó la asociación de características sociodemográficas (edad, estado civil, escolaridad, lengua indígena, área de residencia, grado de marginación, presencia de Unidades de Especialidades Médicas en lugar de residencia) y espaciales (distancia euclidiana) a través de un análisis multinivel.
RESULTADOS: La muestra analítica estuvo conformada por 11 227 mujeres (2018); 4 177 (2021) y 3 659 (2022). La cobertura de mastografía en el año previo disminuyó de 27.46% en 2018 a 16.03% en 2021, con un incremento a 20.14% en 2022. La cobertura fue mayor en áreas urbanas y entidades con bajo grado de marginación. Mujeres mayores de 50 años, con mayor escolaridad, unidas o casadas, que no hablan lengua indígena y que tienen una unidad médica con mastógrafo a menos de 5 km de distancia tuvieron mayores posibilidades de haberse realizado la mastografía en el último año.
CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos evidencian desigualdades en el acceso a la mastografía, influenciadas por factores sociodemográficos individuales y del contexto. Es importante fortalecer y focalizar estrategias que permitan mejorar la cobertura.
PMID:41150926 | DOI:10.21149/16507
Salud Publica Mex. 2025 May 30;67(3 (may-jun)):282-286. doi: 10.21149/16555.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estimar la seroprotección contra tétanos en la población mexicana para 2022 y como un marcador indirecto de cobertura de la vacuna hexavalente en niños de 1 a 3 años. Material y métodos. Se utilizó una muestra de sangre capilar en papel filtro de 8 487 individuos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) Continua 2022. Se estimó el nivel de seroprotección contra tétanos mediante ELISA.
RESULTADOS: A nivel nacional, 88.6% de las personas presentó al menos seroprotección mínima, pero sólo 73.3% tuvo seroprotección suficiente. Los adolescentes (55.5%), adultos de 60+ años (60.9%) y niños de 1-3 años (68.6%) presentaron la menor seroprotección suficiente. Conclusión. La seroprotección fue ligeramente menor al 90% que recomienda la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Es importante reforzar la vacunación con hexavalente en niños de 1-3 años sin seroprotección, además, aplicar refuerzos a adolescentes y adultos mayores.
PMID:41150925 | DOI:10.21149/16555
Plant Dis. 2025 Oct 28. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1563-RE. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi is the causal agent of brown rot, one of the main diseases of chestnuts that is threatening the sustainability of the global market. Michigan is the leading producer of commercial chestnuts in the United States. After the first isolation of G. smithogilvyi in 2016, chestnut brown rot was identified in 80% of Michigan orchards. The pathogen infects the flowers in the field, with symptoms affecting nut quality at harvest time and during storage. For this reason, fungicide treatments are crucial to prevent infection in the flowers and later in the kernels. This study aims to compare the in vitro efficacy of fifteen different chemical and biologically based fungicides against G. smithogilvyi. The fungicide potential of each product was evaluated for mycelial radial growth and conidial germination by calculating the EC50. FRAC (Fungicide Resistance Action Committee) group 3 fungicides showed the best fungicide activity for both mycelial growth and conidial germination. However, biologically-based fungicides containing Bacillus spp. had no significant differences from FRAC 3, 7, and 11 fungicides. Phosphonates had a statistically lower fungicide activity on conidial germination compared to FRAC 3, 7, 11 and BM02, but same activity against mycelial radial growth. Further investigations should be done to evaluate the potential efficacy of these products in the orchard, considering that there is not always a correlation between in vitro and in planta activity. Our findings will help chestnut growers select chemical and biologically-based fungicides to complement their field practices for chestnut brown rot control, encouraging the rotation between different active ingredients.
PMID:41150912 | DOI:10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1563-RE
Plant Dis. 2025 Oct 28. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1379-RE. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Citrus greening disease, also known as huanglongbing (HLB), is the most serious vector-borne bacterial disease of citrus worldwide and an emblematic case of perennial crop decline due to insect vector-borne disease. There is an immediate global need to provide the citrus industry with relief from HLB and a return to profitable citrus production. Discovery of HLB treatments typically involve various laboratory-based assays, which then advance to greenhouse and eventually field testing in a workflow that takes multiple years. We present a field-forward experimental framework, “Grove-First”, that reverses the traditional laboratory-to-field pipeline by prioritizing outcome-based screening. Grove-First rapidly screens and validates treatments with regulatory-friendly profiles in commercial citrus groves using trunk injection to select treatments that improve tree health and fruit yield over the course of a single growing season. The Grove-First framework represents a generalizable systems approach for translational agricultural research, applicable to perennial crops where disease impact, long development timelines, and real-world variability demand in-field, outcome-based screening. Using this framework, we identified candidate treatments with effects comparable to or better than the standard oxytetracycline (OTC) on visual tree-health and/or yield indices in an initial screen of HLB-positive 8-year-old Valencia sweet orange trees. Expanded trials in commercial citrus groves allowed us to validate the initial screening results at other locations and in other citrus varieties. Grove-First rapidly accelerated the identification and large-scale field testing of HLB therapies, some of which are available for growers to use immediately and others that require further field testing and/or regulatory actions.
PMID:41150910 | DOI:10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1379-RE
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2025 Oct 28;13:e65149. doi: 10.2196/65149.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Accessible mental health support is essential for military members (MMs), veterans, and public safety personnel (PSP) who are at an increased risk of mental health challenges. Unique barriers to care, however, often leave these populations going untreated. Mental health treatment delivered via apps or websites (ie, digital mental health interventions [DMHIs]) offers an accessible alternative to in-person therapy.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to synthesize the current literature on apps and web-based programs focused on enhancing MMs’, PSPs’, and veterans’ resilience or well-being. A multidimensional well-being model, I-COPPE (interpersonal, community, occupational, physical, psychological, economic, and overall well-being), was used as a framework guiding the scoping review.
METHODS: A search of 6 databases was conducted using key terms related to (1) population, (2) resilience and well-being constructs, and (3) web- or mobile-based programs. At all levels of screening, at least 2 researchers (RRA, MAM, and CA) reviewed each paper independently. Data were extracted and recorded to include relevant study characteristics including program name and description, target population, number of participants, therapeutic approach, results, limitations, and I-COPPE dimension supported. A narrative synthesis was performed to summarize the eligible studies.
RESULTS: In total, 44 papers were included in the study and 39 unique resilience or well-being apps or web-based programs identified for MMs, PSP, or veterans. The programs largely focused on veteran populations (28/44, 64%). In total, 51% (20/39) of programs relied on cognitive behavioral approaches and most aimed to support posttraumatic stress disorder-related symptoms. In consideration of the I-COPPE model, a majority supported psychological well-being, followed by interpersonal and physical well-being. Most apps were believed to support more than 1 domain of well-being. The main methodologies used in the literature to evaluate digital mental health interventions include randomized controlled trials, secondary analyses, and pilot randomized controlled trials with evaluations of feasibility, acceptability, satisfaction, or qualitative feedback. Generalizability of findings was commonly limited by attrition rates and small sample sizes.
CONCLUSIONS: DMHIs for MMs, PSP, and veterans appear promising due to their accessibility and scalability. More research is needed, however, to determine whether DMHIs are an effective alternative to in-person mental health care. The current review contributes to the literature by compiling evidence of DMHIs and the domains of well-being supported by, and the therapeutic orientation of, these programs. Our review revealed that more research is needed to determine the effectiveness and efficacy of DMHIs offered to these populations.
PMID:41150871 | DOI:10.2196/65149