Tag: nevin manimala

Expert Rev Neurother. 2025 Mar 25. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2484439. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cenobamate (CNB) is an anti-seizure medication (ASM)utilized for drug-resistant focal-onset seizures, which are difficult to managewith usual agents. Previous studies demonstrated that it can be effective inpatients with refractory epilepsy.

METHODS: The MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Scopus databases weresystematically searched up to 24 October 2024. A Random-effects model wasemployed to compute the Mean Difference (MD) and the Risk Ratio (RR) with 95%Confidence Intervals (CI). Statistical Analyses were performed utilizingRStudio 4.4.2.

RESULTS: Four studies were included, comprising 906 patients; 527(59%) received CNB as add-on therapy. The results indicated that the 50%responder rate (RR 1.77; 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.44, p = 0.000551, I² = 70.3%) andseizure freedom (RR of 3.09; 95% CI: 1.91 to 5.00, p = 0.000004, I² = 8.7%)were significantly higher in this group.

CONCLUSIONS: In this meta-analysis of four studies, CNB as an add-ontherapy significantly reduced seizure frequency in patients with uncontrolledfocal seizures, making it a promising option for improved seizure control andquality of life.

PMID:40131227 | DOI:10.1080/14737175.2025.2484439

J Chem Theory Comput. 2025 Mar 25. doi: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c01747. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Physics-informed neural networks (PINN) is a machine learning (ML)-based method to solve partial differential equations that has gained great popularity due to the fast development of ML libraries in the past few years. The Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PBE) is widely used to model mean-field electrostatics in molecular systems, and in this work we present a detailed investigation of the use of PINN to solve the linear PBE. Starting from a multidomain PINN for the linear PBE with an interface, we assess the importance of incorporating different features into the neural network architecture. Our findings indicate that the most accurate architecture utilizes input and output scaling layers, a random Fourier features layer, trainable activation functions, and a loss balancing algorithm. The accuracy of our implementation is on the order of 10^-2-10^-3, which is similar to previous work using PINN to solve other differential equations. We also explore the possibility of incorporating experimental information into the model, and discuss challenges and future work, especially regarding the nonlinear PBE. We are providing an open-source implementation to easily perform computations from a PDB file. We hope this work will motivate application scientists into using PINN to study molecular electrostatics, as ML technology continues to evolve at a high pace.

PMID:40131176 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jctc.4c01747

JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2025 Feb;10(2):152-166. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.10.002. Epub 2024 Dec 4.

ABSTRACT

There is an unmet medical need to treat patients with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy leading to heart failure and death in children carrying pathogenic activating variants in the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. A retrospective analysis of 61 patients provides evidence for decreased mortality and morbidity with improved cardiac status in patients with RASopathy with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy receiving mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibition (n = 30) vs those with standard-of-care treatment (n = 31). Side effects were not life threatening and were manageable. The data presented suggest that personalized therapies targeting underlying signaling pathway abnormalities might be effective in critically ill patients with RASopathy warranting clinical investigation.

PMID:40131150 | DOI:10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.10.002

Afr J Reprod Health. 2025 Mar 25;29(3):58-67. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2025/v29i3.8.

ABSTRACT

Available evidence indicate that Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) cycles with controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) yield better oocyte quality and higher pregnancy rates compared to those without COS in infertile women. As follitropin delta is an improved version of recombinant FSH, its ability to stimulate the development of multiple ovarian follicles is supposedly superior to follitropin alfa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of follitropin delta with a simplified dosage equivalent method in Indonesian women undergoing IUI. The design of this study was a retrospective observational study conducted from February 2022 to December 2023 involving 248 IUI cycles at Halim Fertility Center (HFC) IVF Center, Indonesia. Controlled Ovarian Stimulation was performed with follitropin delta with a simplified dosage equivalent method in IUI. From this study, we found that the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) for IUI was 27.8%. The Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) rates was 0.4%, with 2,9% multiple pregnancies in the follitropin delta with a simplified dosage equivalent method. This study showed no statistically significant differences in pregnancy rates based on age groups and BMI (p=0.288 vs p=0.934). WE conclude that follitropin delta may improve the outcome of intrauterine insemination in women undergoing IUI.

PMID:40131147 | DOI:10.29063/ajrh2025/v29i3.8

Altern Ther Health Med. 2025 Mar 26:AT11564. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although several studies have explored the effects of various caffeine dosages on balance, the impact of low-dose caffeine intake from Turkish coffee on postural control and hand-eye coordination remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of Turkish coffee (60 mg/65 mL) on postural control and hand-eye coordination.

DESIGN: This study was a quasi-experimental research with a one-group pretest-posttest design.

SETTING: Cardiac Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory.

PARTICIPANTS: The study recruited 20 healthy young adults (13 females, 7 males) who were low habitual coffee consumers.

INTERVENTION: The participants were given 65 mL of Turkish coffee for oral caffeine intake.

OUTCOME MEASURES: Postural control was assessed using the Biodex Balance System, and hand-eye coordination was evaluated with the Alternate Hand-Wall Toss Test, before and after 30 minutes following coffee ingestion.

RESULTS: The ‘eyes open firm surface’ condition of the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance (P = .006) and the Alternate Hand-Wall Toss Test (P = .002) scores showed a statistically significant difference between the first and second measurements. No significant differences were observed in the postural stability and limits of stability parameters measured by the Biodex Balance System (P > .05). However, male participants exhibited better hand-eye coordination on the Alternate Hand-Wall Toss Test upon caffeine intake (P = .017).

CONCLUSIONS: This study is likely the first to evaluate the acute effects of a cup of Turkish coffee (60 mg caffeine/65 mL) on postural control and hand-eye coordination. While no changes were found in balance conditions, improvement in postural sway on the firm surface with eyes open was noted. A significant improvement in hand-eye coordination was observed, warranting further research with objective tools.

PMID:40131142

Am J Hypertens. 2025 Mar 23:hpaf040. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpaf040. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Among the 119.9 million U.S. adults with hypertension, an estimated 92.9 million have systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg. Million Hearts® is an initiative co-led since 2011 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The program drives improvement in hypertension control by celebrating high-achieving clinicians, practices, and health systems each year as Million Hearts Hypertension Control Champions. Champions have validated control rates of 80% or higher.

METHODS: Using data from each Champion, we summarized their key characteristics and quantified their use of various evidence-based strategies. We calculated summary statistics for application data provided by Champions based on the initiative’s five-year cycles of operation (2012-2015; 2017-2020; 2022-2024).

RESULTS: From 2012 to 2024, a total of 199 Hypertension Control Champions from 44 states were recognized; mean prevalence of systolic blood pressure < 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg was 82%. Overall, Champions reported using multiple evidence-based strategies to help their patients achieve hypertension control. The top 3 strategies were electronic medical record (EMR) usage, patient supports including self-measured blood pressure monitoring (SMBP), and team-based care.

CONCLUSIONS: The Million Hearts® Hypertension Control Champions demonstrate that hypertension control may be achievable among patients across diverse settings by implementation of evidence-based approaches.

PMID:40130431 | DOI:10.1093/ajh/hpaf040

J Pediatr Orthop. 2025 Mar 25. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002956. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Clubfoot is the most common deformity seen in children with arthrogryposis. The primary method of treatment for this deformity is serial casting, which has a greater frequency of incomplete correction and recurrence than in idiopathic clubfoot. For both primary and recurring cases, surgical treatments vary from soft-tissue releases to talectomy. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bony surgical procedures in correcting clubfoot in ambulatory children with arthrogryposis.

METHODS: The study retrospectively examined ambulatory children with arthrogryposis, all of whom had at least 1 osteotomy procedure on their clubfoot. The treatment’s effectiveness was assessed using passive range of motion (PROM), dynamic foot pressure, and the pediatric outcomes data collection instrument (PODCI) utilizing paired t tests. The frequency of subsequent bone surgeries following the initial operation was documented.

RESULTS: The study reviewed 20 children who had 49 surgical procedures performed on 24 feet at age 15.1±4.5 years. PROM revealed enhanced ankle dorsiflexion and forefoot abduction (P<0.05). In addition, evaluating dynamic foot pressure, coronal plane pressure index (CPPI), and the timing of heel rise demonstrated significant improvement (P<0.05). PODCI demonstrated improvement in transfer basic mobility (from 80.57±17.31 to 86.50±13.46) and global function (from 69.64±15.03 to 74.50±13.91) (P<0.05). Pain (from 69.58±25.39 to 79.21±26.57; P=0.067) and happiness (from 70.68±27.66 to 79.32±20.02; P=0.052) also improved and approached statistical significance. Moreover, a CPPI of <-94 was found to be predictive for suggesting the necessity of external fixator use according to the receiver operating characteristic analysis done based on our findings (area under the curve: 0.79, P=0.0007). Two children required an additional procedure at 26-months and 37-months postindex surgery because of residual equinus deformity and insufficient correction of forefoot adduction, respectively.

CONCLUSION: This research highlights the substantial role surgical procedures can play in improving ankle PROM, hindfoot-forefoot alignment, dynamic foot position, and functional mobility in children with clubfoot secondary to arthrogryposis. It establishes a basis for future inquiries to delve into the longevity of these benefits and the overall outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III-retrospective study.

PMID:40130424 | DOI:10.1097/BPO.0000000000002956

Orthod Craniofac Res. 2025 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12922. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE (S): To evaluate and compare the long-term skeletal and dentoalveolar outcomes of conventional rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and mini-screw-assisted RPE (MARPE) in adolescent patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients were recruited from a cohort of patients previously treated with RPE or MARPE appliances with a history of > 10 years post-treatment. Of the initial larger sample population, these 14 patients agreed to return for a follow-up appointment. For the study purposes, the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired at pre-treatment (T0), after maxillary expansion and 6 months of retention (T1), and 10-year post-treatment follow-up period (T2) were utilized. The study variables obtained from the CBCT images comprised skeletal width, palatal suture assessment, buccal and palatal bone thickness, dental tipping, and alveolar bone bending measurements. Statistical comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney U tests. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 for all tests.

RESULTS: MARPE resulted in more stable skeletal expansion and fewer dental side effects compared to RPE treatment. Patients treated with RPE exhibited an 80% relapse in buccal maxillary width at the premolar after 10 years, compared to a 30% relapse among those treated with MARPE. Several additional parameters showed enhanced relapse in the RPE group compared to the MARPE group, suggesting MARPE treatment results in improved long-term dentoskeletal stability.

CONCLUSION: Treatment with MARPE resulted in more stable long-term skeletal expansion and fewer dental side effects compared to conventional RPE 10 years after the completion of orthodontic treatment.

PMID:40130401 | DOI:10.1111/ocr.12922

Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2025 Apr;22(2):e70014. doi: 10.1111/wvn.70014.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the global nursing shortage, leading to increased turnover intentions among nurses due to heightened workplace stress, burnout, and job dissatisfaction. This study investigates the mediating effects of burnout and job satisfaction on the relationship between professional identity, occupational stress, and nurses’ turnover intentions. Additionally, it explores the impact of socio-demographic factors on these relationships in the post-pandemic era.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 338 nurses across 4 hospitals in Israel was conducted between June 2023 and January 2024. Self-reported questionnaires were utilized to measure turnover intention using the Turnover Intention Scale, with professional identity and occupational stress as predictors and burnout and job satisfaction as mediators. A fixed effect path analysis approach was employed to assess the hypothesized mediation model, controlling for hospital-level variance and socio-demographic variables.

RESULTS: The findings revealed that professional identity was negatively associated with burnout (β = -0.26, p < 0.001) and positively associated with job satisfaction (β = 0.25, p < 0.001). Occupational stress was positively associated with burnout (β = 0.57, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with job satisfaction (β = -0.42, p < 0.001). Burnout (β = 0.35, p < 0.001) and job satisfaction (β = -0.10, p = 0.025) were both significantly associated with turnover intentions. Mediation analysis indicated that job satisfaction and burnout fully mediated the relationship between professional identity and turnover intentions, and partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and turnover intentions.

LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: The study highlights that professional identity mitigates nurse turnover by increasing job satisfaction and reducing burnout, while occupational stress drives turnover intentions by increasing burnout and decreasing job satisfaction. Tailored interventions aimed at enhancing professional identity and addressing occupational stress, particularly in light of pandemic-related challenges, are essential for improving nurse retention and well-being in the post-pandemic era.

PMID:40130391 | DOI:10.1111/wvn.70014

J Genet Couns. 2025 Apr;34(2):e2002. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.2002.

ABSTRACT

Despite the pivotal role of communication skills in genetic counseling, communication strategies employed by genetic counselors in their current practice remain largely unexplored. The field of genetic counseling could benefit from updated simulated genetic counseling sessions conducted by genetic counselors illustrating a diversity of skills. This paper outlines the development and evaluation of updated simulations used to develop an online training course to identify genetic counseling skills and to assess how commonly these skills are used. Practicing genetic counselors in the United States were recruited to counsel trained standardized patients across six pretest and posttest simulated sessions in cancer, prenatal, and cardiology genetics settings. Sessions were coded using the novel Genetic Counseling Skills Checklist to identify which communication and counseling skills were utilized. Standardized patients were asked to provide session quality ratings and written feedback, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis, respectively. Results from 64 recorded sessions involving 20 counselors from a variety of training programs, racial and ethnic backgrounds, states of residence, and with varying years of clinical experience revealed utilization of a broad array of skills across specialty types and clinical indications. The total number of unique skills used varied widely from 12 to 49, with an average of 35.8 out of 56 possible skills checked per session. Differences in skill usage were observed between pretest and posttest sessions. Standardized patient comments were predominantly positive with a focus on information delivery and empathetic responses. Perceptions of areas of improvement were giving less information, having clearer delivery, and expressing more empathy. This work led to the creation of a training course showcasing various skills used by practicing genetic counselors, which summarizes commonly used skills and other promising but less frequently utilized ones.

PMID:40130387 | DOI:10.1002/jgc4.2002