Tag: nevin manimala

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):162-168. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.006.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To construct the three-dimensional structure of the isolated teeth of patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta type Ⅱ (DGI-Ⅱ) and dentin dysplasia type Ⅰ (DD-Ⅰ) by using Micro-CT and explore internal structure and hard tissue mineralization density.

METHODS: The three-dimensional structures of the third molars collected from patients with DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ and healthy individuals of the same age were reconstructed by using Micro-CT (Mimics 17.0). The internal structures of the affected teeth along the sagittal and transverse planes were observed. The grayscale values of the enamel, crown dentin, and root dentin were calculated. Then, the mineralization densities of the different parts of the teeth of the three groups were analyzed.

RESULTS: The detailed three-dimensional models of the mandibular third molars with hereditary dentin defects were successfully constructed. The models contained the models of the enamel cap, dentin core, and pulp cavity. Sagittal and transverse section scans revealed that in patients with DGI-Ⅱ, the pulp cavity was incompletely calcified and the root canal was narrow, whereas in those with DD-Ⅰ, the pulp cavity and root canal were obliterated and the root of the tooth was absent. The analysis of the grayscale values showed that compared with those in the healthy group, the grayscale values of the enamel, crown dentin, and root dentin were lower in the DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ groups (P<0.01). No significant differences in the grayscale values of the enamel and crown dentin were found between the DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ groups (P>0.05), whereas the grayscale value of the root dentin showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: The application of Micro-CT provided a simple and accurate method for the three-dimensional structure reconstruction and quantitative analysis of the mineralization density of isolated teeth with hereditary dentin defects. Although the dentin mineralization density of DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ teeth decreased, the decrement shown by DD-Ⅰ teeth was more significant than that shown by DGI-Ⅱ teeth. The pulp cavity had abnormal calcifications, and the root canal was narrow or even occluded.

PMID:38597048 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.006

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):148-154. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.004.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effect of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), a key signal molecule of ERS, on the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)-lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogenic bacterium of periodontitis.

METHODS: Primary cultured rat adipocytes were stimulated by P. gingivalis-LPS (100 ng·mL^-1) for 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The protein expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase (p-PDK-1), and protein kinase B (p-AKT-1) in the insulin signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis. pLVX-NC1, pLVX-XBP1, pLVX-NC2, and pLVX-XBP1-RNAi were transfected into adipocytes, respectively. The transfected rat adipocytes were stimulated by P. gingivalis-LPS, and the protein expression of the insulin signaling pathway was detected by Western blot.

RESULTS: The Western Blot showed decreased protein expression of the insulin signaling pathway in rat adipocytes stimulated with P. gingivalis-LPS compared with the control, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of IRS-1, p-PDK-1, and p-AKT in the rat adipocytes of pLVX-XBP1 were significantly higher than those in pLVX-NC1 at 8 and 12 h after P. gingivalis-LPS stimulation (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of IRS-1, p-PDK-1, and p-AKT in the rat adipocytes of pLVX-XBP1-RNAi were significantly lower than those in pLVX-NC2 at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after P. gingivalis-LPS stimulation (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: P. gingivalis-LPS regulates the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes th-rough XBP1.

PMID:38597046 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.004

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 1;41(6):708-712. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023204.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study was conducted on the effect of primary rhinoplasty on infants with unilateral complete cleft lip nasal deformity.

METHODS: Infants with unilateral complete cleft lip in the Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University were selected. All infants underwent cheiloplasty and primary rhinoplasty. We reconstructed the nasal base and corrected the nasal septum and alar deformity at the same time. The nasal splint was worn 1 week after the surgery. The nasal morphology before surgery as well as 1 week and 1 year after surgery were analyzed.

RESULTS: Significant differences were found on symmetry ratios including nasal base width, nostril height, alar angle and columella deviation angle between before and after operation (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the symmetry ratio of nostril height and columella deviation angle between 1 year after surgery and 1 week after surgery (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Infants with unilateral complete cleft lip nasal deformity can achieve satisfactory nasal morphology by primary rhinoplasty. Despite few cases of recurrence of nasal deformity, the nasal morphology can be well improved and maintained.

PMID:38597037 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023204

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 1;41(6):671-677. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023110.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to analyze and summarize the characteristics of supernumerary teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

METHODS: A total of 718 patients with 1 138 supernumerary teeth were retrospectively collected. Age, gender, number, location, morphology, eruption status, and accompanying symptoms of the supernumerary teeth were statistically analyzed. The relationship relative to jaws, gender, and eruption status were analyzed and discussed.

RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 9.54±5.32 years, and the male to female ratio was 2.88∶1. About 77.02% of the patients sought medical advice during the mixed dentition period, and 50.70% had one supernumerary tooth. These supernumeraries were most commonly conical in shape, and 85.76% of them were in the incisor region, 92.09% in the upper jaw, 46.75% in inverted position, and 86.20% unerupted. Overall, 65.29% of them had fully developed roots, and 60.63% had an impact on adjacent structures. Significant differences were found in eruption status, morphology, zoning, direction, root development, and impact on adjacent structures between the supernumerary teeth located in the upper and lower jaws (P<0.05). Significant differences were also detected in gender, morphology, zoning, orientation, root development, and impact on adjacent structures between erupted and unerupted teeth (P<0.05). The incidence of supernumerary teeth in the incisor region was higher in males than that in females. Moreover, the root of supernumeraries was more completely developed in males than in females (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: For supernumerary teeth, CBCT images can provide accurate three-dimensional radiographic data and are valuable for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.

PMID:38597032 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023110

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 1;41(6):662-670. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023114.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effect of morinda officinalis polysaccharides (MOP) in inflammatory microenvironment on the expression of silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) in periodontal ligament cells.

METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6) and model group (n=24). The model group used orthodontic wire ligation to establish periodontitis, and six rats from each group were killed after 3 weeks. The successful modeling was confirmed by Micro-CT. The remaining rats in the model group were randomly divided into natural recovery group, normal saline (NS) group, and MOP group. In the MOP group, MOP [200 mg/(kg·3d), 50 µL for 4 weeks] was injected into the palatal side of the left maxillary first molar of the rats, while the NS group was injected with equal volume of NS. The natural recovery group did not undergo any treatment. The left maxilla tissues of the rats were collected, and pathological changes in perio-dontal ligament cells were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Cultivate periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro and detect the effect of MOP on cell activity using CCK-8. The 4th generation cells were divided into control group, inflammation group (10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide), and experimental group (5 µmol/L MOP, 5 µmol/L MOP+10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide). The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. The acetylation of NLRP3 and the contents of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Statistical analysis of data was conducted using Prism 9.0 software.

RESULTS: In the vivo experiments, the expression of NLRP3 and SIRT1 in the MOP group decreased significantly compared with that in the natural recovery group and NS group, while the expression of SIRT1 increased (P<0.05) and inflammatory cell infiltration decreased. In the in vitro experiments, the expression of NLRP3 mRNA and protein in the inflammation group increased (P<0.05), while the expression of SIRT1 significantly decreased (P<0.01); MOP upregulated the expression of SIRT1 in inflammatory cells (P<0.05), reduced the expression of NLRP3 and its acetylation level significantly (P<0.05), suppressed the content of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: The SIRT1 expression decreased, and that of NLRP3 expression increased in inflammatory periodontal ligament cells. MOP intervention promoted SIRT1 expression, resulting in the inhibition of NLRP3. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NLRP3 reduced through deacetylation, leading to the decreased activity of NLRP3. Thus, MOP acted as inflammatory suppressor.

PMID:38597031 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023114

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 May 25;40(3):328-334. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.03.013.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify risk factors of postoperative dysphagia in patients with oral cancer by systematic review.

METHODS: Cohort studies in Chinese or English on risk factors of postoperative dysphagia in patients with oral cancer were searched from CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP Chinese Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials from the beginning to June 30, 2021. Subject words combined with free words were used to retrieve related articles. The included studies were evaluated, and the effective data were processed with Revman 5.3.

RESULTS: Ten studies were selected, and they included 1 241 patients consisting of 473 patients in the exposed group and 768 patients in the control group. After the meta-analysis, the risk factors with statistical significance were as follows: age>60 years, tumor located in oropharynx or mouth floor, tumor size of T3 or T4, TNM stage of Ⅳ, resection involving suprahyoid muscle or tongue resection>50%, combination of neck dissection, tracheotomy, or reconstruction, and postoperative radiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS: Age>60 years, tumor in oropharynx or mouth floor, tumor size of T3 or T4, TNM stage of Ⅳ, resection involving suprahyoid muscle or tongue resection>50%, combination of neck dissection, tracheotomy, or reconstruction, and postoperative radiotherapy were significant risk factors of postoperative dysphagia in patients with oral cancer.

PMID:38597015 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.03.013

Br J Ophthalmol. 2024 Apr 9:bjo-2023-323860. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2023-323860. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To compare the diagnostic performance of 360° anterior segment optical coherence tomography assessment by applying normative percentile cut-offs versus iris trabecular contact (ITC) for detecting gonioscopic angle closure.

METHODS: In this multicentre study, 394 healthy individuals were included in the normative dataset to derive the age-specific and angle location-specific normative percentiles of angle open distance (AOD500) and trabecular iris space area (TISA500) which were measured every 10° for 360°. 119 healthy participants and 170 patients with angle closure by gonioscopy were included in the test dataset to investigate the diagnostic performance of three sets of criteria for detection of gonioscopic angle closure: (1) the 10th and (2) the 5th percentiles of AOD500/TISA500, and (3) ITC (ie, AOD500/TISA500=0 mm/mm²). The number of angle locations with angle closure defined by each set of the criteria for each eye was used to generate the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the discrimination between gonioscopic angle closure and open angle.

RESULTS: Of the three sets of diagnostic criteria examined, the area under the ROC curve was greatest for the 10th percentile of AOD500 (0.933), whereas the ITC criterion AOD500=0 mm showed the smallest area under the ROC (0.852) and the difference was statistically significant with or without adjusting for age and axial length (p<0.001). The criterion ≥90° of AOD500 below the 10th percentile attained the best sensitivity 87.6% and specificity 84.9% combination for detecting gonioscopic angle closure.

CONCLUSIONS: Applying the normative percentiles of angle measurements yielded a higher diagnostic performance than ITC for detecting angle closure on gonioscopy.

PMID:38594062 | DOI:10.1136/bjo-2023-323860

BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2024 Apr 9:spcare-2023-004579. doi: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004579. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Social media with real-time content and a wide-reaching user network opens up more possibilities for palliative and end-of-life care (PEoLC) researchers who have begun to embrace it as a complementary research tool. This review aims to identify the uses of social media in PEoLC studies and to examine the ethical considerations and data collection approaches raised by this research approach.

METHODS: Nine online databases were searched for PEoLC research using social media published before December 2022. Thematic analysis and narrative synthesis approach were used to categorise social media applications.

RESULTS: 21 studies were included. 16 studies used social media to conduct secondary analysis and five studies used social media as a platform for information sharing. Ethical considerations relevant to social media studies varied while 15 studies discussed ethical considerations, only 6 studies obtained ethical approval and 5 studies confirmed participant consent. Among studies that used social media data, most of them manually collected social media data, and other studies relied on Twitter application programming interface or third-party analytical tools. A total of 1 520 329 posts, 325 videos and 33 articles related to PEoLC from 2008 to 2022 were collected and analysed.

CONCLUSIONS: Social media has emerged as a promising complementary research tool with demonstrated feasibility in various applications. However, we identified the absence of standardised ethical handling and data collection approaches which pose an ongoing challenge. We provided practical recommendations to bridge these pressing gaps for researchers wishing to use social media in future PEoLC-related studies.

PMID:38594059 | DOI:10.1136/spcare-2023-004579

J Reconstr Microsurg. 2024 Apr 9. doi: 10.1055/a-2302-7126. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Thorough validation of novel microsurgical techniques is deemed essential before their integration into clinical practice. To achieve proper validation, the design of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) should be undertaken, accompanied by the execution of comprehensive statistical analyses, including confounder adjustment and power analysis. This systematic review aims to provide an encompassing overview of the validation methodologies employed in microsurgical studies, with a specific focus on innovative vessel anastomosis techniques.

METHODS: A literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles describing the validation of novel microsurgical vessel anastomosis techniques in animal or human subjects.

RESULTS: The literature search yielded 6,658 articles. 6,564 articles were excluded based on title and abstract. Ninety-four articles were assessed for full-text eligibility. Forty-eight articles were included in this systematic review. Out of 30 comparative studies, nine studies validated novel modified interrupted suture techniques, six studies modified continuous techniques, six studies modified sleeve anastomosis techniques, one study a modified vesselotomy technique, seven studies sutureless techniques, and one study a modified lymphaticovenular anastomosis technique. Twenty-eight studies contained animals (n=1,998). Fifteen animal studies were RCTs. Two studies contained human/cadaveric subjects (n=29). Statistical power-analysis and confounder adjustment were performed in one animal study. Out of eighteen non-comparative studies, five studies validated novel modified interrupted suture techniques, one study a modified continuous technique, two studies modified sleeve anastomosis techniques, four studies modified vesselotomy techniques, four studies sutureless techniques, and two studies modified lymphaticovenular anastomosis techniques. Ten studies contained animal subjects (n=320), with two RCTs. Eight studies contained human subjects (n=173). Statistical power-analysis and confounder adjustment were performed in none of the animal or human studies.

CONCLUSION: The current methods of microsurgical technique validation should be reconsidered due to poor study design. Statistical analysis including confounder adjustment and power-analysis should be performed as a standard method of novel technique validation.

PMID:38593990 | DOI:10.1055/a-2302-7126

Am J Perinatol. 2024 Apr 9. doi: 10.1055/a-2302-8828. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Maternal pushing can yield lactate levels that are above the normal range for nonpregnant individuals. Many hospitals require lactate levels as part of sepsis bundles, and this can confuse the clinicians when measured during labor. The objective of this study was to observe lactate levels in uncomplicated labor.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective study of patients presenting to Labor & Delivery in early labor. Patients met inclusion criteria if they presented at 37 weeks’ gestation or greater and were either 3-4 centimeters dilated, in early labor with rupture of membranes less than 12 hours or were being induced for oligohydramnios or postdates gestation. A baseline maternal lactate level was collected at enrollment. Further levels were collected at complete cervical dilation and every 30 minutes during the second stage of labor up to 3 hours or until delivery.

RESULTS: From January 7, 2021 through December 30, 2021, a total of 148 screened patients met inclusion criteria and 38 were enrolled. Eight (21%) patients withdrew after baseline lactate level was drawn. Twenty-three (61%) patients had a level drawn at complete dilation. Of the 12 (32%) patients with a lactate level drawn at complete and after thirty minutes of pushing, the mean change in lactate level was 2.0±1.8 mmol/L or 0.07±0.06 mmol/L/min (p < 0.01). This change is more pronounced in the second stage of labor for patients with chorioamnionitis (2.6 mmol/L), although this difference is not statistically significant (p = 0.41).

CONCLUSIONS: Lactate levels increase significantly once a patient reaches complete cervical dilation within thirty minutes of pushing. This increase is more pronounced, although significantly, in patients with chorioamnionitis. As sepsis is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, this pilot study is relevant for providers to see the natural course of lactate levels in labor.

PMID:38593986 | DOI:10.1055/a-2302-8828