Tag: nevin manimala

Front Surg. 2025 Feb 17;12:1458366. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1458366. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In recent years, percutaneous endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (PE-ULBD) has been used to treat degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and has achieved good results. Some researchers have conducted statistical analysies and evaluated the efficacy of this technology. In this systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis, the effectiveness of PE-ULBD as a surgical method for treating single segment LSS was evaluated from the perspective of evidence-based medicine. The aim was to provide a scientific basis for the clinical application of this technology in LSS treatment.

METHODS: A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 396 studies published before May 29, 2024 were collected from the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), and WanFang databases.

RESULTS: Eight retrospective studies were found with 287 patients who met the inclusion criteria set for the systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis. We used the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) scale to evaluate the quality of the included studies. The results indicated that significant difference in VAS scores between preoperative and postoperative back and leg pain and the difference between the control results recorded before and after the two types of pain scores was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In addition, the difference between the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores recorded in the different groups before and after surgery was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Although the results showed high heterogeneity, a sensitivity analysis showed that there was no significant deviation in other results except for the VAS and ODI score for leg pain in the preoperative and three-month postoperative groups. Secondary clinical outcomes included an average operational time of 97.15 min (95% CI = 82.83, 111.47), an average intraoperative bleeding volume of 26.52 ml (95% CI = 10.51, 42.52), an average hospital stay of 4.16 days (95% CI = 2.96, 5.35), and an incidence of complications of 0.10 (95% CI = 0.06, 0.14).

CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the PE-ULBD technique has significant short and long-term clinical efficacy for the treatment of single-segment LSS and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

PMID:40035070 | PMC:PMC11873088 | DOI:10.3389/fsurg.2025.1458366

Front Neurosci. 2025 Feb 17;19:1529572. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1529572. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal stimulation intensity and reference range of the unilateral centrifugation subjective visual vertical (UC-SVV) test and to fill the technical gap in otolithic function evaluation in patients with peripheral vestibular diseases.

METHOD: Forty healthy subjects (median age 28 years) underwent a UC-SVV test at rotation speeds of 60, 120, 180, and 240 deg./s using the Neuro Kinetics Inc. (NKI) I-Portal 6.0 NOTC rotating chair system. The deviation angles of the UC-SVV line in the centre and left/right positions at each rotation speed were recorded and analysed.

RESULTS: Forty healthy subjects completed the test. The deviation angle of the UC-SVV line differed according to the rotation speed (60, 120, 180, and 240 deg./s). At each rotation speed, the position of the rotation axis (left/centre/right position) affected the deviation angle and direction of the UC-SVV line. At each position of the rotation axis, the rotation speed also affected the deviation angle. When the rotation chair was translated to the left and right positions, the UC-SVV line deviated to the right and left sides, respectively, and the deviation angle increased with increasing rotation speed. The deviation angle at 60 deg./s was significantly less than that at 180 and 240 deg./s (p < 0.001). When the rotation axis was in the centre position, the absolute value of the SVV deviation was less than 0.3, and there was no statistically significant difference at any rotation speed.

CONCLUSION: This study preliminarily discussed the deviation direction and angle of the UC-SVV line under different stimulation intensities in a range of healthy middle-aged subjects. The optimal stimulation intensity for the UC-SVV test is suggested to be 180 or 240 deg./s. Specifically, the peak rotation speed could be 180 deg./s if the subject is unable to tolerate high-speed rotation. This study provides support for improving this technology for evaluation of otolith function and its diagnostic significance in peripheral vestibular diseases.

PMID:40035062 | PMC:PMC11872882 | DOI:10.3389/fnins.2025.1529572

Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2025 Feb 15;8:100307. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100307. eCollection 2025 Jun.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although patient safety education is receiving increased attention, nursing students’ patient safety competency remains moderate. As an important source of future caregivers for many primary health hospitals, the level of patient safety competence of higher vocational nursing students directly affects the delivery of nursing care, which in turn affects patient safety, the patient’s disease healing process, and their outcomes. There is a lack of evidence to support the factors that influence patient safety competence among nursing students.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to explore the factors that impact patient safety competency among Chinese higher vocational nursing students.

DESIGN: An explanatory sequential mixed research design was used in this study.

METHODS: The quantitative part was a cross-sectional survey. Convenient sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 523 nursing students from a vocational college in Chongqing using the general information questionnaire, The metacognition ability scale, the general self-efficacy scale, the self-directed learning skill scale, patient safety nurse competency evaluation scale. Multiple linear regression and serial mediating effect test were used to analyze the impact factors. Qualitative research was then conducted to explain the initial quantitative research results. The qualitative research part used purposive sampling to conduct semi-structured interviews with 16 higher vocational nursing students, and the data was analyzed through content analysis. Quantitative and qualitative data are mapped to the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model.

RESULTS: The quantitative findings found that metacognition had a statistically significant indirect predictive effect on patient safety competence through general self-efficacy and self-directed learning, with an indirect effect value of 0.034 (95 % CI [0.017, -0.013]). Combining quantitative and qualitative results, The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model and theoretical domains framework captures a series of factors, including Competence (professional knowledge and skills); Opportunities (resources, public opinion); Motivation (metacognitive abilities, personality, roles, beliefs, goals).

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for a serial mediating role of general self-efficacy and self-directed learning in the relationship between metacognition ability and patient safety competency, contributing to a psychological understanding of the underlying mechanisms of patient safety competency. Therefore, when developing interventions, consideration should be given to promoting positive behaviours in higher vocational nursing students concerning general self-efficacy and self-directed strategies to enhance metacognition, boost patient safety competency, and safeguard patient safety.

PMID:40035058 | PMC:PMC11872605 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100307

Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2025 Feb 27;18:667-678. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S508434. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Nomophobia, the fear of being without a mobile phone, is increasingly prevalent among university students, impacting their psychological well-being and academic performance. This study assesses the level of knowledge and the psychological, academic, and social outcomes associated with nomophobia among students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving 350 undergraduate students recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q). Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression, were conducted using IBM SPSS.

RESULTS: The majority of participants (51.4%) exhibited moderate knowledge of nomophobia. Higher nomophobia scores were significantly associated with lower academic performance (r = -0.35, p < 0.001) and greater psychological distress, including anxiety (mean score = 5.2) and panic when phone battery was low (mean score = 4.8). Regression analysis identified gender (β = 0.28, p = 0.001) and smartphone ownership (β = 0.20, p = 0.003) as predictors of nomophobia.

DISCUSSION: The findings highlight nomophobia’s negative impact on students’ academic and psychological well-being, emphasizing the need for educational interventions to promote healthier smartphone usage. Addressing nomophobia through targeted strategies could improve academic outcomes and overall student wellness.

PMID:40035054 | PMC:PMC11874954 | DOI:10.2147/RMHP.S508434

Inj Epidemiol. 2025 Mar 3;12(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s40621-025-00566-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Following the Supreme Court’s decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen, which ruled a New York concealed-carry permitting requirement unconstitutional, laws restricting the public carrying of firearms in “sensitive places,” like college campuses, have received increasing attention. However, there is little evidence for whether permissive campus carry policies increase firearm violence or, via deterrence, reduce general crime on campus. We estimated the effect of implementing state laws allowing the carry of firearms on public college and university campuses on rates of violent crime and burglary.

METHODS: Arkansas, Georgia, and Texas, containing 106 public institutions, implemented permissive campus carry laws in 2017, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Control institutions were all those in states that did not allow the carry of firearms on college campuses for the entire study period (2006-2019) (n = 324 institutions, 21 states). The rates of major violence and burglary per 1,000 enrolled students was obtained from the Office of Postsecondary Education Campus Safety and Security Statistics website. We use two-way fixed effects difference-in-differences models to estimate state-specific effects and a modified difference-in-differences approach that accounts for variation in treatment timing to generate an overall estimate.

RESULTS: Differences in rates of major violence and burglary were not statistically distinguishable from zero in our main models and sensitivity analyses. The overall estimated difference in the rate of major violence following policy implementation was – 0.01 (- 0.113, 0.093). For burglary, we estimated a difference of – 0.02 (- 0.147, 0.106). Violence rates trended upward in treated states in the last exposure period, but differences were not consistently distinguished from the null.

CONCLUSIONS: This study does not find significant changes in crime rates following state implementation of permissive campus carrying laws. Decision-makers might therefore consider other factors such as the opinions of students, faculty, and staff regarding campus carry policies and feelings of safety, potential impacts on instructional quality and student engagement, and potential impacts on accidental or self-directed harm.

PMID:40033453 | DOI:10.1186/s40621-025-00566-0

Inj Epidemiol. 2025 Mar 3;12(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s40621-025-00566-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Following the Supreme Court’s decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen, which ruled a New York concealed-carry permitting requirement unconstitutional, laws restricting the public carrying of firearms in “sensitive places,” like college campuses, have received increasing attention. However, there is little evidence for whether permissive campus carry policies increase firearm violence or, via deterrence, reduce general crime on campus. We estimated the effect of implementing state laws allowing the carry of firearms on public college and university campuses on rates of violent crime and burglary.

METHODS: Arkansas, Georgia, and Texas, containing 106 public institutions, implemented permissive campus carry laws in 2017, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Control institutions were all those in states that did not allow the carry of firearms on college campuses for the entire study period (2006-2019) (n = 324 institutions, 21 states). The rates of major violence and burglary per 1,000 enrolled students was obtained from the Office of Postsecondary Education Campus Safety and Security Statistics website. We use two-way fixed effects difference-in-differences models to estimate state-specific effects and a modified difference-in-differences approach that accounts for variation in treatment timing to generate an overall estimate.

RESULTS: Differences in rates of major violence and burglary were not statistically distinguishable from zero in our main models and sensitivity analyses. The overall estimated difference in the rate of major violence following policy implementation was – 0.01 (- 0.113, 0.093). For burglary, we estimated a difference of – 0.02 (- 0.147, 0.106). Violence rates trended upward in treated states in the last exposure period, but differences were not consistently distinguished from the null.

CONCLUSIONS: This study does not find significant changes in crime rates following state implementation of permissive campus carrying laws. Decision-makers might therefore consider other factors such as the opinions of students, faculty, and staff regarding campus carry policies and feelings of safety, potential impacts on instructional quality and student engagement, and potential impacts on accidental or self-directed harm.

PMID:40033453 | DOI:10.1186/s40621-025-00566-0

Diagn Progn Res. 2025 Mar 4;9(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s41512-025-00185-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As populations are aging, the number of older patients with multiple chronic diseases demanding complex care increases. Although clinical guidelines recommend care to be personalized accounting for life expectancy, there are no tools to estimate life expectancy among multimorbid patients. Our objective was therefore to develop and internally validate a life expectancy estimator specifically for older multimorbid adults.

METHODS: We analyzed data from the OPERAM (OPtimising thERapy to prevent avoidable hospital admissions in multimorbid older people) study in Bern, Switzerland. Participants aged 70 years old or more with multimorbidity (3 or more chronic medical conditions) and polypharmacy (use of 5 drugs or more for > 30 days) were included. All-cause mortality was assessed during 3 years of follow-up. We built a 3-year mortality prognostic index and transformed this index into a life expectancy estimator. Mortality risk candidate predictors included demographic variables (age, sex), clinical characteristics (metastatic cancer, number of drugs, body mass index, weight loss), smoking, functional status variables (Barthel-Index, falls, nursing home residence), and hospitalization. We internally validated and optimism corrected the model using bootstrapping techniques. We transformed the mortality prognostic index into a life expectancy estimator using the Gompertz survival function.

RESULTS: Eight hundred five participants were included in the analysis. During 3 years of follow-up, 292 participants (36%) died. Age, metastatic cancer, number of drugs, lower body mass index, weight loss, number of hospitalizations, and lower Barthel-Index (functional impairment) were selected as predictors in the final multivariable model. Our model showed moderate discrimination with an optimism-corrected C statistic of 0.70. The optimism-corrected calibration slope was 0.96. The Gompertz-predicted mean life expectancy in our sample was 5.4 years (standard deviation 3.5 years). Categorization into three life expectancy groups led to visually good separation in Kaplan-Meier curves. We also developed a web application that calculates an individual’s life expectancy estimation.

CONCLUSION: A life expectancy estimator for multimorbid older adults based on an internally validated 3-year mortality risk index was developed. Further validation of the score among various populations of multimorbid patients is needed before its implementation into practice.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02986425. First submitted 21/10/2016. First posted 08/12/2016.

PMID:40033449 | DOI:10.1186/s41512-025-00185-9

Diagn Progn Res. 2025 Mar 4;9(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s41512-025-00185-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As populations are aging, the number of older patients with multiple chronic diseases demanding complex care increases. Although clinical guidelines recommend care to be personalized accounting for life expectancy, there are no tools to estimate life expectancy among multimorbid patients. Our objective was therefore to develop and internally validate a life expectancy estimator specifically for older multimorbid adults.

METHODS: We analyzed data from the OPERAM (OPtimising thERapy to prevent avoidable hospital admissions in multimorbid older people) study in Bern, Switzerland. Participants aged 70 years old or more with multimorbidity (3 or more chronic medical conditions) and polypharmacy (use of 5 drugs or more for > 30 days) were included. All-cause mortality was assessed during 3 years of follow-up. We built a 3-year mortality prognostic index and transformed this index into a life expectancy estimator. Mortality risk candidate predictors included demographic variables (age, sex), clinical characteristics (metastatic cancer, number of drugs, body mass index, weight loss), smoking, functional status variables (Barthel-Index, falls, nursing home residence), and hospitalization. We internally validated and optimism corrected the model using bootstrapping techniques. We transformed the mortality prognostic index into a life expectancy estimator using the Gompertz survival function.

RESULTS: Eight hundred five participants were included in the analysis. During 3 years of follow-up, 292 participants (36%) died. Age, metastatic cancer, number of drugs, lower body mass index, weight loss, number of hospitalizations, and lower Barthel-Index (functional impairment) were selected as predictors in the final multivariable model. Our model showed moderate discrimination with an optimism-corrected C statistic of 0.70. The optimism-corrected calibration slope was 0.96. The Gompertz-predicted mean life expectancy in our sample was 5.4 years (standard deviation 3.5 years). Categorization into three life expectancy groups led to visually good separation in Kaplan-Meier curves. We also developed a web application that calculates an individual’s life expectancy estimation.

CONCLUSION: A life expectancy estimator for multimorbid older adults based on an internally validated 3-year mortality risk index was developed. Further validation of the score among various populations of multimorbid patients is needed before its implementation into practice.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02986425. First submitted 21/10/2016. First posted 08/12/2016.

PMID:40033449 | DOI:10.1186/s41512-025-00185-9

Infect Agent Cancer. 2025 Mar 3;20(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13027-025-00636-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major contributor to sexually transmitted infections, especially common in sexually active populations. Although the majority of HPV infections resolve naturally, certain cases can develop into different types of cancer. This study focused on evaluating the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes across males and females of different age groups who visited a laboratory in Urmia, Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples from the genital area were obtained from participants in the study. DNA extraction was performed using the Favorgen extraction kit (Favorgen, Taiwan), followed by genotyping through Real-Time PCR. Genotypes were determined using the MehrViru HPV genotyping kit (MehrViru, Iran). Additionally, demographic details, including age, were analyzed in conjunction with the statistical virological data.

RESULTS: Between 2022 and 2023, a total of 447 individuals, including both referred and routine visitors, attended the laboratory, comprising 431 females and 16 males. Of these, 195 tested positive for HPV, resulting in an overall prevalence rate of 43.6%. Among the positive cases, 90 individuals (46.2%) were infected with a single HPV genotype, while 105 cases (53.8%) had multiple genotype infections. The most common genotypes identified were HPV-6 (41.0%), HPV-16 (15.4%), HPV-56 (10.8%), and HPV-90 (10.8%). The least genotype identified was HPV-43, which was detected in 5 cases (2.6%). Additionally, our analysis revealed that women under 30 who tested positive were predominantly infected with the LR genotype, a pattern also seen in the four men in the same age group, all of whom were infected with the LR genotype.

CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the significant presence of HPV among both females and males visiting the laboratory in Urmia, particularly in individuals under 30 years old. The identification of HPV-6 and HPV-16 as the most prevalent genotypes highlights the importance of age-specific intervention strategies. Although vaccination programs cover HPV-6 and HPV-16, HPV-56 is not included, which underscores the need for comprehensive screening and preventive measures to address the potential long-term impacts of HPV-related diseases.

PMID:40033426 | DOI:10.1186/s13027-025-00636-4

Infect Agent Cancer. 2025 Mar 3;20(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13027-025-00636-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major contributor to sexually transmitted infections, especially common in sexually active populations. Although the majority of HPV infections resolve naturally, certain cases can develop into different types of cancer. This study focused on evaluating the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes across males and females of different age groups who visited a laboratory in Urmia, Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples from the genital area were obtained from participants in the study. DNA extraction was performed using the Favorgen extraction kit (Favorgen, Taiwan), followed by genotyping through Real-Time PCR. Genotypes were determined using the MehrViru HPV genotyping kit (MehrViru, Iran). Additionally, demographic details, including age, were analyzed in conjunction with the statistical virological data.

RESULTS: Between 2022 and 2023, a total of 447 individuals, including both referred and routine visitors, attended the laboratory, comprising 431 females and 16 males. Of these, 195 tested positive for HPV, resulting in an overall prevalence rate of 43.6%. Among the positive cases, 90 individuals (46.2%) were infected with a single HPV genotype, while 105 cases (53.8%) had multiple genotype infections. The most common genotypes identified were HPV-6 (41.0%), HPV-16 (15.4%), HPV-56 (10.8%), and HPV-90 (10.8%). The least genotype identified was HPV-43, which was detected in 5 cases (2.6%). Additionally, our analysis revealed that women under 30 who tested positive were predominantly infected with the LR genotype, a pattern also seen in the four men in the same age group, all of whom were infected with the LR genotype.

CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the significant presence of HPV among both females and males visiting the laboratory in Urmia, particularly in individuals under 30 years old. The identification of HPV-6 and HPV-16 as the most prevalent genotypes highlights the importance of age-specific intervention strategies. Although vaccination programs cover HPV-6 and HPV-16, HPV-56 is not included, which underscores the need for comprehensive screening and preventive measures to address the potential long-term impacts of HPV-related diseases.

PMID:40033426 | DOI:10.1186/s13027-025-00636-4