Tag: nevin manimala

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s11130-024-01220-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Understanding the nutritional diversity in Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) is essential for selecting and developing superior varieties with enhanced nutritional profiles in the North Eastern Himalayan (NEH) region of India. In this study, we assessed the nutritional composition of 45 diverse perilla germplasm collected from five NEH states using standard protocols and advanced analytical techniques. Significant variability was observed in moisture (0.39-11.67%), ash (2.59-7.13%), oil (28.65-74.20%), protein (11.05-23.15%), total soluble sugars (0.34-3.67%), starch (0.01-0.55%), phenols (0.03-0.87%), ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.45-1.36%), palmitic acid (7.06-10.75%), stearic acid (1.96-2.29%), oleic acid (8.11-13.31%), linoleic acid (15.18-22.74%), and linolenic acid (55.47-67.07%). Similarly, significant variability in mineral content (ppm) was also observed for aluminium, calcium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, and zinc. Multivariate analyses, including hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), revealed the enriched nutritional diversity within the germplasm. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive and negative relationships between nutritional parameters, indicating potential biochemical and metabolic interactions present in the perilla seeds. TOPSIS-based ranking identified promising genotypes for functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutritional applications. This study provides a first in-depth report of the nutritional composition and diversity of perilla germplasm in the NEH region, thus aiding in the identification of superior varieties for food and nutritional diversification and security.

PMID:39153163 | DOI:10.1007/s11130-024-01220-8

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s11130-024-01227-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The black gram is a traditional pulse crop and is a source of different nutritional components. Due to the scientific community’s preference for yield and its components, the area of nutritional composition remains unexplored. Therefore, the evaluation of various quality traits such as proximate composition, cooking quality, texture profile, and association between them is keen important for the identification of the traits influencing the selection of the genotypes. This research aimed at the evaluation of the 25 black gram genotypes for their proximate composition, the effect of different cooking methods (conventional and microwave) on cooking quality parameters, and texture profile analysis. The genotypes were screened on 17 parameters, mean and replicated value of each variable were subjected to statistical analysis. The results for proximate composition showed the range from 11.2-11.7%, 24.24-28.22%, 1.25-1.85%, 3.10-4.45%, 5.35-6.60%, 60.23-64.86% and 368.35-372.75 Kcal/100 g for moisture, protein, fat, dietary fiber, ash, utilizable carbohydrate, and gross energy respectively. Cooking time ranged from 33 to 55.5 min (traditional) to 29.5-48.5 min (microwave), L: B ratio from 1.35 to 1.85, WUR from 1.85 to 2.60, and GSL from 0.25 to 11.30%. TPA’s cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness ranged from 0.19 to 1.44 N, 0.14-1.30 N, 0.58-3.67 N, 1.14-10.81 N, and 0.58-5.29; 1.16-10.50 N in traditional and microwave cooking. Chewiness, gumminess, protein, ash, and cooking time were positively correlated. The first seven PCs have ≥ 1 eigenvalues, accounting for 23.30, 18.00, 13.50, 9.50, 7.40, 6.70%, and 6.40% of total variability. Mandi-2, Kinnour-1, Kirmour-1, Kangra-2, Bilaspur-1, Kangra-3, Kullu-1, Kullu-4, Chamba-3, and Chamba-7 to PCs 1-2 contributed the most to diversity, indicating good selection for subsequent upgrading initiatives.

PMID:39153162 | DOI:10.1007/s11130-024-01227-1

Pharmacoeconomics. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s40273-024-01411-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: People’s time is a finite resource and a valuable input that ought to be considered in economic evaluations taking a broad, societal perspective. Yet, evaluations of interventions focusing on children and young people (CYP) rarely account for the opportunity cost of time in this population. As a key reason for this, health economists have pointed to uncertainty around when it is appropriate to include CYP time-related costs in an economic evaluation and highlighted the lack of clear guidance on the topic.

METHODS: With this in mind, we carried out a Delphi study to establish a list of relevant considerations for researchers to utilise whilst making decisions about whether and when to include CYP time in their economic evaluations. Delphi panellists were asked to propose and rate a set of possible considerations and provide additional thoughts on their ratings. Ratings were summarised using descriptive statistics, and text comments were interrogated through thematic analysis.

FINDINGS: A total of 73 panellists across 16 countries completed both rounds of a two-round Delphi study. Panellists’ ratings showed that, when thinking about whether to include displaced CYP time in an economic evaluation, it is very important to consider whether: (1) inclusion would be in line with specified perspective(s) (median score: 9), (2) CYP’s time may already be accounted for in other parts of the evaluation (median score: 8), (3) the amount of forgone time is substantial, either in absolute or relative terms (median score: 7) and (4) inclusion of CYP’s time costs would be of interest to decision-makers (median score: 7). Respondents thought that considerations such as (1) whether inclusion would be of interest to the research community (median score: 6), (2) whether CYP’s time displaced by receiving treatment is ‘school’ or ‘play’ time (median score: 5), and (3) whether CYP’s are old enough for their time to be considered valuable (median score: 5) are moderately important. A range of views was offered to support beliefs and ratings, many of which were underpinned by compelling normative questions.

PMID:39153138 | DOI:10.1007/s40273-024-01411-w

Int Urol Nephrol. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s11255-024-04181-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: After radical prostatectomy (RP), it is rarely acknowledged that several sexual dysfunctions can arise. These include issues in the orgasmic domain (e.g., decreased orgasm intensity, dysorgasmia), problems with ejaculation (e.g., absence of ejaculation), the development of penile deformities, and low sexual desire. This article aims to report the occurrence of orgasmic and ejaculatory dysfunction when actively investigated, documenting those rates and characterizing specific features of these conditions following RP.

METHODS: This study has analyzed retrospective data from men who underwent RP and were experiencing erectile dysfunction. During a structured visit, patients were systematically questioned about dysorgasmia, altered orgasmic sensation, climacturia, and arousal incontinence. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student T or ANOVA tests, while categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests. The associations were described as odds ratios with precise confidence intervals. All tests were two sided; a p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Sixty patients were included, out of which 3 (5%) reported dysorgasmia, while 33.3% presented a decrease in orgasm intensity. Climacturia was reported as the most common orgasmic disorder in 40 (66.6%) patients. However, only 14 patients (35%) reported that it frequently occurs, i.e., more than half of the time. Among the patients who reported climacturia, 72.5% classified it as mild losses. Additionally, arousal incontinence (AI) was noted in the study by 19 (26.3%) patients.

CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the importance of discussing orgasmic dysfunctions after RP, which can be frequent and bothersome but are often overlooked in preoperative counseling.

PMID:39153132 | DOI:10.1007/s11255-024-04181-8

Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s10549-024-07461-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: One year of neratinib therapy is known to derive a significant invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) benefit in early-stage, hormone receptor-positive (HR +), HER2 + , node-positive breast cancer after trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy. Limitations to neratinib use include significant gastrointestinal side effects, which often result in treatment discontinuation. In this study, we aimed to identify clinicopathologic features associated with adjuvant neratinib use and factors impacting treatment completion.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients with early-stage HR + HER2 + breast cancer who were prescribed neratinib from 2017 to 2023 at our institution. We used the electronic medical record to extract information on patient characteristics, clinical features, and treatment information. Patients were identified as high risk based on definitions adapted from the standard high-risk definition in HR + HER2- breast cancer combined with studies correlating high Ki67 or high tumor grade with lower recurrence-free survival. Statistical analysis was performed using two-sided T-tests and chi-square tests.

RESULTS: We identified 62 eligible patients of whom 55% completed 1 year of neratinib and 45% did not. Sixty percent (N = 37) of patients offered neratinib were considered high risk at diagnosis. The most common reason for neratinib discontinuation was inability to tolerate side effects (54%) followed by pill burden (18%). The most common side effect experienced by patients was diarrhea despite anti-diarrheal prophylaxis (56%), followed by rash (8%). Patients who received an up-titration of neratinib were more likely to complete the full course of neratinib when compared to those who did not (76% vs. 40.5% p = 0.013). The median starting dose of those who completed neratinib treatment was 140 vs. 240 mg in those who did not (p = 0.016). Neither group experienced a statistically significant greater likelihood of treatment holds or dose reductions. In terms of outcomes, 10 patients had progression of disease of whom 7 did not complete neratinib treatment (p = 0.169). Interestingly, those 7 patients developed metastatic disease and 57% (N = 4) had central nervous system metastases.

CONCLUSION: Patients are more likely to complete 1 year of adjuvant neratinib with dose up-titration. Dose reductions and interruptions did not affect neratinib adherence in our patient population. Seven patients (11%) in our study developed metastatic disease, all of whom did not complete adjuvant neratinib treatment.

PMID:39153126 | DOI:10.1007/s10549-024-07461-0

J Robot Surg. 2024 Aug 17;18(1):323. doi: 10.1007/s11701-024-02079-2.

ABSTRACT

The widespread acceptance of robotic surgery is extending to oral procedures. The demand for minimally invasive techniques is driving research into the cosmetic and oncologic benefits of robotic neck surgery. This study used propensity score matching to analyze the clinical course and postoperative outcomes of robot-assisted neck dissections for oncologic efficacy and surgical safety. Between May 2020 and April 2024, 200 OSCC patients underwent surgery and 42 were excluded. The cohort included 158 patients, 128 of whom underwent unilateral neck dissection and 30 of whom underwent bilateral neck dissection. Robotic-assisted neck dissection (RAND) was performed in 36 patients while conventional transcervical neck dissection (CTND) was performed in 122 patients. Data analysis included several factors, including lymph node retrieval and perioperative outcomes, with 1:1 propensity score matching to ensure fairness. Each of the 39 neck specimens with 36 patients was selected. The CTND group was 8 years older overall than the RAND group, but otherwise similar in terms of primary site and clinical stage. The RAND group had a 55-min longer operative time and 140 cc more hemovac drainage than the CTND group, but the hospital stay and intensive care unit duration were the same, and the number of lymph nodes retrieved was the same. Survival rates also showed no difference across all stages. This shows that RAND is in no way inferior to CTND in terms of perioperative or oncologic outcomes, and demonstrates the safety of robot-assisted surgery, even in patients who require flaps or in patients with advanced stages.

PMID:39153111 | DOI:10.1007/s11701-024-02079-2

Int J Clin Oncol. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s10147-024-02597-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This retrospective observational study explored the therapeutic potential of combined androgen blockade (CAB) with bicalutamide (Bic-CAB) as an initial treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) in Japan.

METHODS: The electronic health records of 159 patients with mHSPC from three Japanese institutions who received initial treatment with Bic-CAB between 2007 and 2017 were analyzed. The time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, duration of Bic-CAB treatment, and overall survival (OS), with various definitions for PSA progression, were assessed. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was constructed using clinical parameters to predict time to the end of Bic-CAB treatment and OS.

RESULTS: The median observation period was 46.4 months, and the median age of patients at diagnosis was 71 years. A total of 46.5% patients experienced PSA progression with a median survival duration of 29 months (according to Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3 criteria), and 49.1% patients achieved a PSA nadir < 0.2 ng/mL in a median time of 4.7 months. When stratified by PSA nadir and PSA change, patients at low risk for disease progression with a small PSA change due to low initial PSA had a 5-year OS of 100% and a 10-year OS of 75%. The OS during the observation period was 72.9 months.

CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the potential effect of Bic-CAB in patients with mHSPC who were at low risk for disease progression. Initial treatment with Bic-CAB and adjusting treatment early based on PSA dynamics may be a reasonable treatment plan for these patients.

PMID:39153094 | DOI:10.1007/s10147-024-02597-x

Neuroradiology. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s00234-024-03450-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to distinguish between tumor progression (TP) and treatment-related abnormalities (TRA) in treated glioblastoma patients via conventional MRI, but this distinction is crucial for treatment decision making. Glioblastoma is known to exhibit an invasive growth pattern along white matter architecture and vasculature. This study quantified lesion development patterns in treated glioblastoma lesions and their relation to white matter microstructure to distinguish TP from TRA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Glioblastoma patients with confirmed TP or TRA with T1-weighted contrast-enhanced and DTI MR scans from two posttreatment follow-up timepoints were reviewed. The contrast-enhancing regions were segmented, and the regions were coregistered to the DTI data. Lesion increase vectors were categorized into two groups: parallel (0-20 degrees) and perpendicular (70-90 degrees) to white matter. FA-values were also extracted. To test for a statistically significant difference between the TP and TRA groups, a Mann‒Whitney U test was performed.

RESULTS: Of 73 glioblastoma patients, fifteen were diagnosed with TRA, whereas 58 patients suffered TP. TP had a 25.8% (95% CI 24.1%-27.6%) increase in parallel lesions, and TRA had a 25.4% (95% CI 20.9%-29.9%) increase in parallel lesions. The perpendicular increase was 14.7% for TP (95% CI 13.0%-16.4%) and 18.0% (95% CI 13.5%-22.5%) for TRA. These results were not significantly different (p = 0.978). FA value for TP showed to be 0.248 (SD = 0.054) and for TRA it was 0.231 (SD = 0.075), showing no statistically significant difference (p = 0.121).

CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, quantifying posttreatment contrast-enhancing lesion development directionality with DTI in glioblastoma patients does not appear to effectively distinguish between TP and TRA.

PMID:39153088 | DOI:10.1007/s00234-024-03450-8

Arch Dermatol Res. 2024 Aug 17;316(8):530. doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-03249-w.

ABSTRACT

Patients’ experience accessing dermatologic care is understudied. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine current wait times for new patients to receive dermatological care in NYC. Websites at 58 accredited private and public hospitals in the five boroughs of NYC were reviewed to identify dermatology practices. Office telephone numbers listed on each website were called to collect information pertaining to whether the physician was accepting new patients, type of insurance accepted (public, private, both, or none), and the number of days until a new patient could be seen for an appointment. Data pertaining to the time kept on hold and availability of web-based booking were also collected. Mean waiting time for an appointment was 50 days [standard deviation, SD 66] – nearly 2 months, but the distribution was considerably skewed. The median waiting time was 19.5 days [Interquartile range, IQR 4-60]. The time kept on hold to make the appointment was negligible at about 1 min (63 s, SD = 77) but could take up to ~ 7 min. Two-thirds of dermatologists accepted private, Medicare, and Medicaid insurance (n = 228, 66%); a small number accepted only private insurance (n = 12, 4%) or no insurance at all (n = 16, 5%). The median waiting time for an appointment for the 228 providers that accepted Medicaid was 30.5 days (IQR = 5.0-73.25) while for providers who did not accept Medicaid (n = 116) the median wait time for an appointment was 13.0 days (IQR = 3.0-38.0). Just over half (56%) of the dermatologists allowed for appointments to be booked on their website (n = 193). This research highlights the necessity of incorporating new strategies into routine dermatology appointments in order to increase treatment availability and decrease healthcare inequality.

PMID:39153084 | DOI:10.1007/s00403-024-03249-w

Rheumatol Int. 2024 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s00296-024-05690-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects women of childbearing age and has been reported to cause sexual dysfunction in women. Although there are articles on sexual function in women with SLE, the number of articles is small, and the factors affecting sexual function in women with SLE are controversial. Based on this, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in Chinese female SLE patients and to explore the factors that influence it. The study design was a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2023 to April 2024 in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of a tertiary hospital in Hefei, Anhui Province. A total of 293 female patients diagnosed with SLE were enrolled using face-to-face questionnaires and online questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: general information questionnaire, fatigue severity scale (FSS), depression-anxiety-stress scale (DASS-21), and female sexual functioning index (FSFI) scale. A total of 173 (59.04%) patients had sexual dysfunction, including 251 (85.67%) with decreased libido and 186 (63.46%) with difficulty in sexual arousal. There was a correlation between the patients’ total FSFI scores and age (p = 0.028), marital satisfaction (p < 0.001), own education level (p = 0.008), partner’s education level (p = 0.003), place of residence (p = 0.039), monthly household income (p < 0.001), family financial satisfaction(p < 0.001), menstrual status (p = 0.003), hormone use (p = 0.021),immunosuppressant use (p = 0.042), disease activity (p = 0.016), FSS score (p < 0.001), stress score (p < 0.001), anxiety score (p < 0.001) and depression score (p < 0.001)were correlated. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that marital satisfaction (b = 2.011, t = 3.797, p < 0.001), monthly household income (b = 0.854, t = 2.316, p = 0.021), menstrual status (b = 1.218, t = 2.350, p = 0.019), fatigue scale score (b = – 0.069, t = – 2.302, p = 0.022), and depression score (b = – 0.117, t = – 2.910, p = 0.004) were the influencing factors of FSFI total score, and the difference was statistically significant. The incidence of sexual dysfunction in Chinese female SLE patients is high, and medical personnel should pay more attention to patients’ sexual problems, to provide theoretical and practical bases for further prevention, treatment, and care of sexual dysfunction in female SLE patients.

PMID:39153077 | DOI:10.1007/s00296-024-05690-6