Tag: nevin manimala

Ginekol Pol. 2024 Oct 16. doi: 10.5603/gpl.101419. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Endometriosis is a complex, chronic inflammatory disease in which immune system disorders play an important role. Soluble mediators of the immune and inflammatory response, including cytokines, are involved in these processes. Therefore, the aim of the conducted research was to understand the role of selected cytokines belonging to the Interleukin-1(IL-1) family, including IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, IL-36R, IL-37 and IL-38, in the onset and development of endometriosis by analysing the concentration of the tested molecules and to determine whether their concentration depends on the stage of the disease.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group included 60 women who had pelvic endometriosis diagnosed during laparoscopy and subsequently confirmed by histopathology. The reference group consisted of 20 women who had no endometriosis or other pelvic lesions during laparoscopy.

RESULTS: Immunoenzymatic assays were used to determine the concentration of the cytokines studied. In the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis, a statistically significant increase in the concentrations of all parameters tested was observed: IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, IL-36R, IL-37 and IL-38. The concentration of these cytokines depended on the severity of the disease.

CONCLUSIONS: Disturbances of the immune system involving the network of cytokines belonging to the IL-1 family occurring in the peritoneal fluid environment testify to the involvement of these molecules in the development of the disease and are one of many factors involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The use of some of them in the treatment of endometriosis may be a hope for effective causal treatment of this disease, but this requires further, more advanced research.

PMID:39411821 | DOI:10.5603/gpl.101419

Ginekol Pol. 2024 Oct 16. doi: 10.5603/gpl.92611. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The main goal is to analyze factors related to brachial plexus injury (BPI) after Shoulder Dystocia (SD).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Longitudinal prospective analysis of SD arose in a tertiary hospital from 1/1st/ 2019 to 12/31st/ 2020. A multivariable logistic regression for BPI after SD and a survival analysis for BPI recovery after SD were performed.

RESULTS: In this period 13,414 deliveries were attended, 10,676 of those were vaginal deliveries (79.6%) reporting 69 cases of SD, with an incidence of 0.65%. SD required 102.1 seconds (SD) 10.8) as an average for solving it. Internal maneuvers were needed in 42.0% of SD reported. Neonatal BPI was suspected in 23 newborns (33.3%) at birth. Neonatal BPI at 48 hours of life was statistically associated with maternal BMI above 30 kg/m² (OR = 7.91; CI95% 1.3-47.7; p = 0.024), > 120 seconds for solving SD (OR = 14.4; CI95% 1.7-121.82; p = 0.014) and operative delivery (OR = 6.8; CI 95% 1.2-37.6; p = 0.028). The BPI recovery was statistically associated with clavicle fracture (HR = 0.31 CI95% 0.10-0.96 p = 0.042) and specific rehabilitation treatment (HR = 9.2 CI 95% 1.87-45.23 p = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS: The following factors were associated with neonatal BPI at 48 hours of life: Maternal BMI above 30 kg/m², operative delivery, or shoulder dystocia that requires more than 120 seconds for solving it. The BPI recovery was associated with clavicle fracture and specific rehabilitation treatment.

PMID:39411814 | DOI:10.5603/gpl.92611

Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2024 Jul-Sep;87(3):381-387. doi: 10.51821/87.3.13036.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is a common entity in patients experiencing chronic watery diarrhea. However, literature suggests that BAM is underdiagnosed and undertreated. In many countries 75SeHCAT is the gold standard for diagnosing BAM (1-5). The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the frequency of BAM using 75SeHCAT scintigraphy and the response to treatment with bile acid sequestrants.

METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical data of 420 patients who had a 75SeHCAT scan from January 2016 to January 2023. Electronic medical records were investigated for risk factors of BAM. BAM was defined as a 75SeHCAT retention of less than 15%. Response to bile acid sequestrants was evaluated based on outpatient clinical reports.

RESULTS: Median age at the time of 75SeHCAT test was 47 years (range 14-87). Out of 420 patients, 192 (46%) had a positive result for BAM. Cholecystectomy and ileal resection were significant predictors for BAM (p<0.001). BAM type 1 is statistically more likely to be more severe compared to type 2 (p<0.0001) and compared to type 3 (p=0.0021). In patients who fulfilled Rome IV criteria for IBS-D or functional diarrhea, 75 out of 121 (38%) tested positive for BAM. Overall, treatment with bile acid binders was effective in 76%.

CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study of patients who underwent SeHCAT scanning confirms that about 1/3 patients presenting with therapy-resistant chronic diarrhea in secondary care suffer from BAM. Including the test in clinical management protocols of chronic diarrhea allows early and quantitative diagnosis and treatment of BAM.

PMID:39411791 | DOI:10.51821/87.3.13036

Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2024 Jul-Sep;87(3):373-380. doi: 10.51821/87.3.10078.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been reported as a complication after pancreatic surgery. The aim of this study is to assess this phenomenon in a Belgian population, specifically in a period in time when less perioperative chemotherapy was given.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective monocentric cohort study with 124 selected patients who underwent pancreatic surgery – pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), distal pancreatectomy (DP) or total pancreatectomy – between 2005 and 2014. Steatosis was assessed radiologically, using Hounsfield units on liver and spleen. Data on imaging, liver function, weight and other relevant parameters were gathered preoperatively as well as 2 and 6 months, 1 and 2 years after surgery.

RESULTS: Thirty-eight (31%) out of 124 patients developed liver steatosis at least at one point in time in the two years following surgery, with a prevalence of 21.0% at 2 months, 28.6% at 6 months, 16.4% at 1 year and 20.8 % at 2 years. A statistically significant association with preoperative AST and ALT values, administration of pancreatic enzyme supplementation as a surrogate for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) and weight loss at 2 years was detected.

CONCLUSION: MAFLD is seen in 31% of patients with PD or DP pancreatic resection in this retrospective analysis of a monocentric Belgian cohort. Both early and late onset of MAFLD was observed, implying that long-term follow-up is necessary. Clinical impact as well as a direct correlation with patients’ weight and oral enzyme supplements needs to be further investigated.

PMID:39411790 | DOI:10.51821/87.3.10078

Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2024 Jul-Sep;87(3):361-365. doi: 10.51821/87.3.12949.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Functional constipation (FC) is a geriatric syndrome that is common in the older adult’s population and can seriously affect the quality of life and may be a frequent cause of hospital visits. In this study, we planned to investigate the relationship between FC and its related factors for in older outpatients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants aged 65 and over who applied to the geriatrics outpatient were included in the study. The diagnosis of FC was made according to the presence of the Rome IV criteria. Frailty was screened by the using FRAIL scale, ≥ 3 a score of were evaluated as frail. Participants quality of life was evaluated by Euro-Quality of Life Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS).

RESULTS: The study included 602 participants. FC prevalence was found 28.7%. In univariate analyses, FC was found related to age, having a diagnosis of depression or Parkinson diseases, frailty, urinary incontinence, sleep disorders, number of chronic diseases, and EQ-VAS. In multivariate analyses, FC was not found to be associated by the frailty while the number of chronic diseases [OR=1.212, 95%CI (1.084-1.355), p=0.001] and EQ-VAS were found to be related [OR=0.988, 95%CI (0.978-0.997), p=0.012].

CONCLUSION: In the results of this study, FC was not found to be associated by frailty in older outpatients but it emerged as a syndrome that should be screened frequently in patients with a high number of chronic diseases and a low general quality of life.

PMID:39411788 | DOI:10.51821/87.3.12949

J Sch Nurs. 2024 Oct 16:10598405241289243. doi: 10.1177/10598405241289243. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Childhood homelessness is increasing and is associated with negative health and academic outcomes. The goal of this quality improvement project was to improve access to healthcare and health outcomes for students experiencing homelessness through a school nurse-led comprehensive health assessment. The multilevel intervention included identifying students experiencing homelessness, conducting a standardized health assessment, and making referrals to care. This 8-month project was conducted in an urban school district. Feasibility and acceptability data were collected to guide sustainability. Student health and referral data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. At the project start, 688 students were identified as experiencing homelessness. More than half (67%) had a partial or fully completed health assessment during the project. Of the students assessed, most had a primary care provider, some had a health condition, and half had a dental home. Students experiencing homelessness would benefit from systematic school-based health assessments to identify unmet health needs.

PMID:39411782 | DOI:10.1177/10598405241289243

Bioinformation. 2024 Aug 31;20(8):851-854. doi: 10.6026/973206300200851. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant precancerous lesion. Various treatment modalities are tried to cure it including herbal medicaments. Therefore, it is of interest to determine whether using 1 gramme of triphala and 1 gramme of turmeric combined in a glycerine solution would be clinically effective in treating oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The study comprised thirty-six participants in the 18-50 age range who had no systemic problems. The medications prescribed for the patients were to be applied three to four times a day. Before and after therapy, blood samples were taken in order to check for any systemic outcomes of the drugs. Both before and after therapy, there were recordings of the burning feeling and mouth opening. For 4 months, patients were checked on a monthly basis after that. A statistical analysis was performed for the variations in the mouth opening and the changes in the burning sensation on the visual analogue scale (VAS). There was a statistically significant improvement in the mouth opening and burning sensation. Turmeric and triphala provide a natural product combination that is both safe and effective for treating OSMF symptoms.

PMID:39411770 | PMC:PMC11471418 | DOI:10.6026/973206300200851

Bioinformation. 2024 Aug 31;20(8):855-858. doi: 10.6026/973206300200855. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

The evaluation of 5th and 7th generation bonding agents on the extent of micro leakage from sealant such as fluoride in forty extracted human premolar teeth is of interest to dentists. 40 extracted teeth satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups. Group I utilized a bonding agent from the fifth generation, whereas Group II employed a bonding agent from the seventh generation, both treated with Helioseal F Plus sealant. Following a 24-hour period of cultivation at a temperature of 37°C and subjecting the sample to 100 cycles of temperature fluctuation varying in temperature from 5°C to 55°C, the samples were submerged in a 0.2% methylene blue dye mixture for duration of 24 hours and examined under a microscope. Result showed that fifth-generation agent mean microleakage was greater, but not statistically significant. The seventh-generation agent demonstrated minimal microleakage with simpler application.

PMID:39411766 | PMC:PMC11471420 | DOI:10.6026/973206300200855

Bioinformation. 2024 Aug 31;20(8):888-892. doi: 10.6026/973206300200888. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

Periodontitis being an immuno-inflammatory disease can act as an aggravating factor for various systemic diseases. Therefore, it is of interest to document the prevalence of comorbidities among periodontitis and non-periodontitis Indian patients. 680 patients were enrolled, categorized into non-periodontitis group (Group A) and periodontitis group (Group B). Each group was again sub-grouped into comorbidities and non-co-morbidities. Periodontitis patients were found to have significantly more co-morbidities than non-periodontitis patients. Osteoporosis and obesity showed statistically higher levels in periodontitis patients. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and COVID-19 infection showed higher prevalence in periodontitis group, though the difference was statistically non-significant.

PMID:39411764 | PMC:PMC11471417 | DOI:10.6026/973206300200888

BMC Psychol. 2024 Oct 15;12(1):553. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02011-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Academic resilience is crucial for adolescents as it enables them to overcome challenges and achieve educational success, yet the mechanisms underlying its development remain inadequately understood. This study investigated the mediating role of academic competence in the association between perceived teaching style and academic resilience among adolescents.

METHODS: This descriptive correlational study was conducted between June 2022 and December 2022. The statistical population for this study encompassed all high school students in Tehran. To ensure the representativeness of the sample, a stratified random sampling technique was employed, involving a total of 400 high school students. Data were collected using online questionnaires, including the Academic Resilience Inventory (ARI), Teacher as Social Context (TASC), and Academic Competence Evaluation Scale (ACES). Descriptive statistics (e.g., mean, standard deviation, correlation matrix) and inferential statistics (e.g., path analysis) were used to analyze the data through SPSS-23 and LISREL version 8.7.2.

RESULTS: The findings demonstrate significant relationships between teaching styles, academic competence, and academic resilience. Specifically, path analysis reveals that teaching styles, particularly those emphasizing support and involvement, have direct and meaningful effects on academic competence, subsequently influencing academic resilience. The proposed model exhibits a good fit, as evidenced by various fit indices (p < .05).

CONCLUSION: This study underscores the pivotal role of supportive and engaging teaching styles in fostering academic resilience among adolescents. By significantly enhancing students’ academic competence, these teaching approaches contribute to their overall well-being. These findings offer valuable insights for educators and policymakers to develop strategies that cultivate both academic skills and emotional strength, ultimately leading to improved educational outcomes.

PMID:39407350 | DOI:10.1186/s40359-024-02011-1