Tag: nevin manimala

Gac Med Mex. 2025;161(2):140-147. doi: 10.24875/GMM.M25000987.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EP) is an acute, necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues, characterized by the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma and adjacent structures.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcomes of patients with EP, treated at the General Hospital of Mexico.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, analytical study was carried out, between January 2018 and December 2023. Clinical data, urine cultures and tomographic findings (severity classification by Huang-Tseng) were collected.

RESULTS: 51 clinical records were included, 64.7% women, and average age 52 years. 70% lived with diabetes type 2 and 60% had uro-renal lithiasis, about 30% had severe EP. 80% of cases were resolved with treatment based on antibiotics and drainage by interventional radiology. There was an average of 10 days of hospitalization and fatality of 5.9%; the severity of the acute kidney injury showed an association with mortality (p ≤ 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of antibiotics with drainage of the abscess through interventional radiology was associated with a decrease in morbidity and mortality in these cases.

PMID:40743538 | DOI:10.24875/GMM.M25000987

Gac Med Mex. 2025;161(2):185-191. doi: 10.24875/GMM.M25000990.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The incorporation of industrial foods in Indigenous peoples has generated health problems in families, related to the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, Diabetes mellitus type II, metabolic liver disease, defined as “adiposity in poverty syndrome”.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the frequency of diseases of the adiposity syndrome in poverty in Indigenous peoples in transition to modernity in the Wixarika region of the state of Jalisco, Mexico.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: An epidemiological, cross-sectional analytical design with sampling segmented by community size is applied. 238 cases over 30 years old of 221 families from three communities are studied. Statistical analysis is performed by nonparametric tests, with significant p < 0.05.

RESULTS: There is a significant difference in the frequencies of adiposity syndrome by community size, by locality and between traditional communities and those in the process of westernization.

CONCLUSIONS: The study provides a sociohistorical approach to the problems of Indigenous peoples from critical epidemiology. In the Wixaritari populations there are changes in health conditions, determined by the degree of social development and by their incorporation into the processes of Westernization.

PMID:40743536 | DOI:10.24875/GMM.M25000990

JMIR Infodemiology. 2025 Jul 31;5:e70413. doi: 10.2196/70413.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Misinformation on social media during natural disasters has become a significant challenge, with the potential to increase public confusion, panic, and distrust. Although individuals rely on social media platforms for timely updates during crises, these platforms also facilitate the rapid spread of unverified and misleading information. Consequently, misinformation can hamper emergency response efforts, misdirect resources, and distort public perception of the disaster’s true severity.

OBJECTIVE: This narrative review aims to (1) critically evaluate the available evidence; (2) unpack the dynamics of misinformation on social media in the context of natural disasters, specifically natural hazards, shedding light on the challenges, implications, and potential solutions; and (3) develop a conceptual model linking misinformation, public impact, and disasters, grounded in sourced evidence.

METHODS: The narrative review examines the impact of social media misinformation in the context of natural disasters. The literature search was conducted using the PubMed database and Google Scholar in April 2024. Studies eligible for inclusion were published in English, with no restrictions on publication date, geographic region, or target population. The inclusion criteria focused on the original research that examined social media misinformation related to natural disasters, specifically natural hazards.

RESULTS: From an initial pool of 173 studies, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. The selected studies revealed consistent patterns in how misinformation spreads during natural disasters, highlighting the role of users, some influencers, and bots in amplified false narratives. The misleading messages disseminated across social media platforms often outpaced official communications, resulting in reduced trust and exacerbating anxiety, stress, and fear among affected populations. This heightened emotional response and erosion of trust in official communications influenced an individual’s susceptibility to the misinformation and prompted inappropriate actions. Consequently, such actions led to resource misallocation, overwhelmed emergency services, and diverted attention away from genuine needs. Collectively, these factors negatively impacted public health outcomes and diminished the effectiveness of emergency management efforts, as illustrated in the conceptual model developed to provide a greater understanding of this critical area of study.

CONCLUSIONS: This narrative review highlights the significant impact of misinformation in the context of natural disasters, specifically natural hazards. It stresses the urgent need for disaster preparedness and response plans that include targeted interventions such as real-time misinformation detection technologies, public education campaigns focused on digital literacy, and proactive debunking initiatives. Implementing these strategies can help mitigate the harmful effects of misinformation, strengthen public trust in official communications, enhance the effectiveness of disaster response, and improve public health outcomes.

PMID:40743535 | DOI:10.2196/70413

J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jul 31;27:e71926. doi: 10.2196/71926.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The ability to participate in digital health services such as remote blood pressure monitoring needs digital skills and knowledge known as eHealth literacy (e-HL). However, e-HL is rarely studied among those participating in remote blood pressure monitoring (RBPM).

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed e-HL levels among participants with hypertension and determined the e-HL domains that predict participation in RBPM. This study provides important focus areas to increase RBPM participation.

METHODS: This study was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey of people with hypertension in the United States. The survey included demographics, RBPM participation questions, and the e-HL questionnaire (eHLQ) for assessment of e-HL. The eHLQ is a 35-item, 7-domain validated questionnaire including the (1) ability to process information, (2) engagement in own health, (3) ability to actively engage with digital services, (4) feel safe and in control, (5) motivated to engage with digital services, (6) access to digital services that work, and (7) digital services that suit individual needs. The eHLQ item scores range from 1 to 4, and the higher the score, the higher the e-HL status. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the participants’ demographics and e-HL status. χ2 tests were used to compare participants’ characteristics between RBPM and nonRBPM groups. The Mann-Whitney U test compared the e-HL domain scores in RBPM and nonRBPM groups. Firth logistic regression was used to predict participation in RBPM. The dependent variable was participation in RBPM. The independent variables were demographics and e-HL domains.

RESULTS: A total of 507 people with hypertension participated in the survey. Sixty participants were currently participating in RBPM, giving a prevalence of 11.8% (60/507). The mean age of RBPM participants was 46.2 (SD 14.7) years and nonRBPM was 62 (SD 13.7) years (P<.001). The e-HL scores in all 7 domains were significantly higher for the RBPM group than the nonRBPM group. Among the e-HL domains, higher scores in digital services that suit individual needs (domain 7) were the only predictor of RBPM participation (adjusted odds ratio 2.84, 95% CI 1.002-8.84) adjusted for age, sex, and race.

CONCLUSIONS: Digital services that are tailored to individual patients’ needs are more likely to result in participation in RBPM.

PMID:40743532 | DOI:10.2196/71926

J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jul 31;27:e71668. doi: 10.2196/71668.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Limited research has investigated the influence of patient engagement on the long-term effects of mobile health (mHealth) interventions, particularly among older adults.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the long-term impact of a social media-driven mHealth intervention on blood pressure control among older Chinese individuals with hypertension, through repeated measurements of patient engagement and outcomes at 5 preset time points.

METHODS: The study included older Chinese individuals with hypertension between 2017 and 2022. Participants received a hypertension self-management program via the WeChat social media app (Tencent Holdings Ltd), which provided clinically based digital coaching. Blood pressure measurements were taken repeatedly using a home blood pressure monitor (HBPM) connected to the app at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Patient engagement was evaluated based on the frequency of completed measurements at corresponding follow-ups. Latent growth curve models (LGCMs) served to assess the impact of patient engagement on blood pressure among older individuals with hypertension across preset points.

RESULTS: A total of 1723 patients completed the 12-month follow-up (average age 70.1, SD 6.8 years; 890/1723, 51.7% female; and baseline systolic blood pressure 137.2 mm Hg). LGCMs revealed systolic blood pressure decreased significantly over 1 year, notably at 9 months (131 mm Hg, β9=3.244, P<.001), and continued up to 12 months (131.6mm Hg, β12=2.827, P<.001). In addition, a higher frequency of completed measurements was associated with better systolic blood pressure control at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months (β3=-0.016, P=.002; β6=-0.006, P=.02; β9=-0.002, P=.44; β12=-0.003, P=.02). These results remained significant even after accounting for age, sex, and comorbidity status.

CONCLUSIONS: This study, using LGCMs and repeated measures data, revealed a significant positive impact of patient engagement on long-term blood pressure control in mHealth interventions targeting older individuals with hypertension. These findings stress the importance of integration of patient-centered engagement approach into mHealth programs designed for chronic disease management in aging populations.

PMID:40743531 | DOI:10.2196/71668

Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2025 Jul 28;59:e20250060. doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2025-0060en. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) admitted to a tertiary hospital in Brazil, in-hospital mortality and predictors of readmission and mortality up to six months after hospital discharge.

METHOD: A retrospective cohort study, with data collected from medical records of patients with diagnosis of IE hospitalized during the study period. For comparative statistical analysis, patients were grouped according to survival and death outcomes.

RESULTS: A total of 204 patients participated in the study. Healthcare-associated IE accounted for 62.3% of cases, with Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant pathogen. Mortality was significantly associated with complications such heart failure and septic shock (p < 0.001). Diabetes mellitus (OR 7.76; p < 0.001) and acute kidney injury (OR 7.99; p = 0.016) were independent risk factors for hospital readmission. Overall mortality was 50.9%.

CONCLUSION: Short-term mortality was high. Healthcare-associated infections were predominant, and complications and comorbidities significantly affect mortality in IE patients. Identifying high-risk patients and optimizing management may improve outcomes.

PMID:40743530 | DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2025-0060en

Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2025 Jul 28;59:e20250035. doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2025-0035en. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between perceived social support (MSPSS) and perceived insufficient milk supply (PIM) in primiparous mothers.

METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 149 primiparous mothers who visited the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinics of a public hospital in Adana province in Turkey. Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Perception of Insufficient Milk Questionnaire (PIM).

RESULTS: The mean scores obtained from the MSPSS (56.49 ± 20.19) and the PIM (27.46 ± 14.51) were above the moderate levels. A positive, moderate, and statistically significant correlation was observed between the total MSPSS and PIM scores (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Consequently, indicate a correlation between an increase in the level of MSPSS in primiparous mothers and a corresponding decrease in their PIM levels.

PMID:40743529 | DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2025-0035en

Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2025 Jul 28;59:e20240372. doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2024-0372en. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between sociodemographic and socio-health factors on the civic participation of young people in Chile.

METHOD: A cross-sectional study using the Tenth National Youth Survey. Descriptive statistics and models were used to examine associations between sociodemographic, socio-health, social participation, and sociopolitical variables in Chile.

RESULTS: Female sex and education levels indicated greater political participation. Being single, not being heads of household, being happy, having a positive outlook on their future, being satisfied with their finances, health, leisure time, having time available to spend with friends and family, and the country’s characteristic democracy showed significant associations. No identification with specific political sectors, interest in political matters, and self-identification as not actively participating in politics had significant associations.

CONCLUSION: Young people are essential for building future citizenship. Their unique characteristics must be strengthened through effective citizen participation strategies, mediated by education that fosters awareness of their own value as individuals who impact public policy.

PMID:40743528 | DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2024-0372en

JMIR Ment Health. 2025 Jul 31;12:e76004. doi: 10.2196/76004.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical period for mental health development, yet prevalences of mental health problems are high among young people. Enhancing mental health literacy in school settings could be an effective strategy for the promotion of mental well-being and prevention of mental health struggles. One promising approach to achieving this goal involves equipping both students and teachers with accessible multimedia resources-such as YouTube Health videos-to enhance their mental health literacy.

OBJECTIVE: The study evaluates the effectiveness of a short educational YouTube Health video for promoting mental health literacy in adolescents and teachers.

METHODS: Two independent samples of 352 adolescents and 502 teachers from Germany were recruited from a large panel, representative of the German population with internet access. Participants of each sample were allocated to an experimental group (176 adolescents and 254 teachers) and a control group (176 adolescents and 248 teachers) through randomization. The experimental group watched a YouTube Health video designed to increase mental health literacy, while the control group watched a video similar in style but on a different topic. Before and after watching the publicly available YouTube Health videos, mental health knowledge was assessed as a primary outcome through topic-specific quizzes and a self-report in a web-based survey. In addition, all participants were asked to rate the educational, visual, and overall quality of the YouTube Health videos and their usability in school settings. The primary hypotheses were tested with ANOVAs. The quality and usability items were analyzed descriptively.

RESULTS: For the adolescents, there were significant main effects of time (F_1,350=46.34, P<.001, η²_p=0.117) and group (F_1,350=6.05, P=.01, η²_p=0.017) and a significant time×group interaction (F_1,350=39.15, P<.001, η²_p=0.101) on stress-specific knowledge, indicating a higher increase in knowledge in the experimental group than in the control group. Similarly, for teachers, significant main effects of time (F_1,500=107.31, P<.001, η²_p=0.177) and group (F_1,500=58.07, P<.001, η²_p=0.104) and a significant time×group interaction (F_1,500=82.59, P<.001, η²_p=0.142) were found. The same pattern of results was observed for the knowledge self-reports in both the students (time: F_1,347=103.65, P<.001, η²_p=0.230; group: F_1,347=8.59, P=.004, η²_p=0.024; time×group interaction: F_1,347=29.11, P<.001, η²_p=0.077) and teachers (time: F_1,500=115.40, P<.001, η²_p=0.188; group: F_1,500=41.16, P<.001, η²_p=0.076; time×group interaction: F_1,500=64.24, P<.001, η²_p=0.114). Overall, the educational, visual, and overall quality of the videos and their usability in school settings were rated as positive by both adolescents and teachers.

CONCLUSIONS: The study findings demonstrate that short educational YouTube Health videos are effective tools for the promotion of mental health literacy among both students and their teachers. Overall, this evaluation paves the way for a wider implementation of mental health education in schools in order to create a more supportive and informed environment to promote mental well-being.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00036854; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00036854/details.

PMID:40743523 | DOI:10.2196/76004

JMIR Med Educ. 2025 Jul 31;11:e67423. doi: 10.2196/67423.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Modern health care systems worldwide are facing challenges, and digitalization is viewed as a way to strengthen health care globally. As health care systems become more digital, it is essential to assess health care professionals’ competencies and skills to ensure they can adapt to new practices, policies, and workflows effectively.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze how the attitudes, skills, and knowledge of medical students concerning digital health have shifted from 2016 to 2022 in connection with the development of the national health care information system architecture using the clinical adoption meta-model framework.

METHODS: The study population consisted of 5th-year medical students from the University of Oulu in Finland during 2016, 2021, and 2022. A survey questionnaire was administered comprising 7 background questions and 16 statements rated on a 5-point Likert scale assessing students’ attitudes toward digital health and their self-perceived digital capabilities. The results were recategorized into a dichotomous scale. The statistical analysis used Pearson χ2 test. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was used for multiple variable correction.

RESULTS: The study included 215 medical students (n=45 in 2016, n=106 in 2021, and n=64 in 2022) with an overall response rate of 53% (43% in 2016, 74% in 2021, and 42% in 2022). Throughout 2016, 2021, and 2022, medical students maintained positive attitudes toward using patient-generated information and digital applications in patient care. Their self-perceived knowledge of the national patient portal significantly improved, with agreement increasing by 35 percentage points from 2016 to 2021 (P<.001) and this trend continued in 2022 (P<.001). However, their perceived skills in using electronic medical records did not show significant changes. Additionally, students’ perceptions of the impact of digitalization on health promotion improved markedly from 2016 to 2021 (with agreement rising from 53% to 78%, P=.002) but declined notably again by 2022.

CONCLUSIONS: Medical students’ attitudes and self-perceived competencies have shifted over the years, potentially influenced by the national health information system architecture developments. However, these positive changes have not followed a completely linear trajectory. To address these gaps, educational institutions and policy makers should integrate more digital health topics into medical curricula and provide practical experience with digital technologies to keep professionals up-to-date with the evolving health care environment.

PMID:40743520 | DOI:10.2196/67423