Tag: nevin manimala

Front Psychol. 2026 Feb 27;17:1744494. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1744494. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

L2 vocabulary learning of late bilinguals is characterized by the mediation of their L1, which may lead to differences in access efficiency and activation pathway among learners with different representational preferences. In the experiment, we used statistical methods to compare the importance of representational preferences with the well-investigated factors, i.e., L2 proficiency and cognitive style, on late bilinguals’ L2 lexical access. The results showed that representational preference was a more effective variable for subject classification. Furthermore, participants with different representational preferences were compared in response time to word translation judgment tasks. The results showed that participants with different representational preferences showed differences in lexical access efficiency, and those with imagistic preference also implied shifts in the access pathway between unfamiliar and familiar words.

PMID:41835864 | PMC:PMC12982423 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1744494

Front Psychol. 2026 Feb 26;17:1654996. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1654996. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Reliable and accurate measurement is fundamental to scientific progress; however, the dominant measurement practices in psychology, clinical psychology, and prediction research often lack rigor. Improving measures using Rasch Measurement Theory (RMT) offers advantages by fulfilling the key psychometric properties of unidimensionality, local independence of items, ordering of response categories, and invariance. Ordinal-level sum scores can be transformed into interval-level latent trait scores, thereby improving the measurement precision. However, the impact of using psychometrically advanced questionnaires with latent trait scores, as opposed to traditional sum scores, in predictive models is still unclear. This study evaluates whether using latent trait scores as predictors and outcomes, in accordance with RMT, improves predictive performance compared to using traditional sum scores when predicting treatment outcomes during psychological treatment.

METHODS: Self-rated symptom data from three different questionnaires, collected over the first 4 weeks of psychological treatment from 6,464 patients undergoing a 12-week treatment program, were used to predict post-treatment outcomes on the same questionnaires. This was done in two ways: (1) using sum scores as the questionnaires were originally developed and (2) using a reformulated, more psychometrically robust version of the questionnaires based on Rasch analysis, which was also shorter. The prediction models used were linear regression, Bayesian ridge regression, and random forest. Multiple imputations were used to address missing data, and nested cross-validation was employed for hyperparameter tuning and scoring.

RESULTS: Latent scores calculated using the psychometrically optimized shorter version, which comprises 23% of the full scale, showed similar predictive performance compared to the sum score of the full scale. Overall, there was a statistically significant but practically negligible difference of 0.007-0.008 in the root mean squared error (RMSE) when comparing the original sum score to the latent trait scores.

CONCLUSION: Initial findings comparing psychometrically improved questionnaires with the original ordinal sum scores within a predictive framework indicate that using latent trait scores derived from these improvements showed the predictive performance similar to the sum score of the full scale. The small differences suggest that the improved versions remain valuable owing to their enhanced psychometric qualities and the reduction in response burden by using considerably fewer items. Further research is needed to explore the use of latent trait scores compared to ordinal sum scores in predictive research.

PMID:41835861 | PMC:PMC12979473 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1654996

Int J Womens Health. 2026 Mar 10;18:588653. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S588653. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe surgical outcomes after different types of colorectal surgery for bowel endometriosis and to present the feasibility of LscPR in bowel endometriosis.

DESIGN: Retrospective analysis.

SETTING: Gynecological department at the Jinhua Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital.

INTERVENTIONS AND MEASUREMENTS: From January 2014 to November 2024, we recruited 320 patients with bowel endometriosis who underwent LscShR (n=108), LscDR (n=70), LscSgR (n=73), or LscPR (n=69).

MAIN RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 4.6 years (range: 1-10 years), one patient rejected subsequent treatment in the LscShR and LscSgR groups, respectively, and two patients were lost to follow-up in the LscDR group; a total of 316 women completed the follow-up questionnaire. The total complication rate was highest in the LscSgR group (16.67%), followed by the LscDR (5.88%), LscPR (4.35%), and LscShR (1.87%) groups, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.002). BE recurrence was seen only in the LscShR (12.15%) and LscDR (7.35%) groups (P < 0.001). DIE recurrence rates were low and similar across all groups (P = 0.810), ranging from 1.45% (LscPR) to 4.41% (LscDR). The incidence of low anterior rectal resection syndrome in the LscPR group was similar to that of the LscShR and LscDR (P > 0.05) groups, and the parameter was significantly lower than that in the LscSgR group (P < 0.05);.The LscPR surgical method was associated with the most comprehensive postoperative symptom improvement, achieving the best overall BENS scores. The rectal sensory parameters (FRS, CRS, MRTS) and the operation time of the balloon extraction test in the LscPR group were similar to those in the LscDR and LscShR groups (P > 0.05), and significantly lower than those in the LscSgR group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of a retrospective study, our data suggest that LscPR is an effective approach for bowel endometriosis, associated with significant symptom improvement and fewer complications.

PMID:41835853 | PMC:PMC12988806 | DOI:10.2147/IJWH.S588653

Int J Womens Health. 2026 Mar 10;18:577906. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S577906. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether short-term postoperative estrogen-related therapy is associated with recurrence of intrauterine adhesions (IUA), endometrial polyps (EPs), and pregnancy outcomes in women with concomitant IUA and EPs.

METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included women (18-45 years) diagnosed with both IUA and EPs who underwent concurrent hysteroscopic transcervical resection of adhesions (TCRA) and polypectomy from January 2019 to June 2024. Patients were grouped by postoperative regimen: (1) estradiol-dydrogesterone sequential therapy (Femoston; estradiol 2 mg/dydrogesterone 10 mg; 2-3 months), (2) combined oral contraceptive (Yaz; ethinylestradiol 0.02 mg/drospirenone 3 mg; 3 months), or (3) no hormonal therapy. Recurrence was confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound and/or hysteroscopy.

RESULTS: A total of 166 women were included (sequential therapy, n=47; COC, n=32; no hormone, n=87). Baseline polyp multiplicity differed among groups (P=0.003), with a higher proportion of multiple EPs in the COC group. Postoperative IUD/balloon placement also differed among groups (P=0.012). Overall recurrence rates were 6.6% for IUA and 4.8% for EPs. No statistically significant differences were observed among groups in postoperative menstrual changes, recurrence rates, time to recurrence, or pregnancy outcomes (all P>0.05). Follow-up duration did not differ significantly among groups.

CONCLUSION: In this retrospective cohort, no statistically significant differences were observed among short-term sequential estrogen-progestin therapy, COC use, and no hormonal therapy with respect to IUA recurrence, EP recurrence, or pregnancy outcomes. Short-term estradiol-dydrogesterone therapy was not associated with increased EP recurrence in women with IUA and a single EP. These findings are observational and should be confirmed in prospective studies.

PMID:41835848 | PMC:PMC12988797 | DOI:10.2147/IJWH.S577906

Int J Womens Health. 2026 Jan 8;18:546854. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S546854. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Previous studies reveal that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection accelerates the progression of Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related diseases, but the results remain controversial. We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the causal association between HPV infection and COVID-19 using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data from European ancestry populations.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Genetic summary data of HPV infection and COVID-19 were derived from the public GWAS meta-analysis and the COVID-19 host genetics initiative GWAS, respectively. The causal link between HPV infection and COVID-19 was evaluated by MR analysis with inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Additional MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) and MR-Egger regression methods were used to identify the potential pleiotropy of the instrumental variables (IVs). Bonferroni correction was used to account for the issue of multiple comparisons, leading to a statistically significant P-value of less than 0.004 (0.05/2*3*2).

RESULTS: There were no significantly causal links of HPV-16 or HPV-18 infection with COVID-19 infection, hospitalized COVID-19, or severe COVID-19 (all P>0.05). Furthermore, no significant causal effect of all three types of COVID-19 on HPV-16 and HPV-18 was observed in the reverse MR analyses (all P>0.05). MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO global test did not find the presence of horizontal pleiotropy between IVs of HPV infection and COVID-19.

CONCLUSION: This study shows that COVID-19 infection does not affect the risk of HPV-16/18 infection, nor does HPV-16/18 infection increase COVID-19 infection risk. It highlights the need to maintain routine health management and no change to HPV prevention strategies.

PMID:41835845 | PMC:PMC12983166 | DOI:10.2147/IJWH.S546854

Ther Adv Hematol. 2026 Mar 11;17:20406207261419953. doi: 10.1177/20406207261419953. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene are present in approximately 30% of patients with newly diagnosed (ND) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and are associated with worse therapy outcomes compared to the general AML population. Gilteritinib, a selective oral FLT3 inhibitor, is a promising treatment option for this patient population.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and efficacy of gilteritinib in combination with induction and consolidation chemotherapy in Asian patients with ND, FLT3-mutated (FLT3 ^mut+) AML.

DESIGN: This study was a phase I/II open-label, single-arm study. Herein, we present the final results from phase II.

METHODS: A total of 84 patients were enrolled in 33 centers across Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. All patients enrolled in phase II received induction and consolidation therapy with gilteritinib 120 mg/day plus chemotherapy (induction: ⩽2 cycles, idarubicin/cytarabine once-daily; consolidation: ⩽4 cycles, cytarabine twice-daily) followed by maintenance with gilteritinib 120 mg/day monotherapy (⩽26 cycles). The primary efficacy endpoint was the complete remission (CR) rate after induction therapy.

RESULTS: The primary endpoint of CR rate after induction was 50.0% (90% CI: 40.4-59.6). Gilteritinib in combination with chemotherapy achieved high composite CR (CRc; 86.6%, 95% CI: 77.3-93.1) rates after induction. The overall survival (OS) rate at 3 years was 71.6%, and the median OS was 48.2 months; however, due to the immaturity of the data, the median OS should be interpreted with caution. In addition, 51.2% of patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during the study period. The safety profile of gilteritinib was as expected, and no new safety signals were identified.

CONCLUSION: Induction and consolidation with gilteritinib plus chemotherapy, and maintenance with gilteritinib monotherapy were well tolerated in ND patients in Asia with FLT3 ^mut+ AML and had favorable efficacy compared with historical data.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02310321.

PMID:41835842 | PMC:PMC12982847 | DOI:10.1177/20406207261419953

Biophys Rep. 2026 Feb 28;12(1):52-63. doi: 10.52601/bpr.2025.250010.

ABSTRACT

We describe the statistical characteristics of optical speckle patterns formed by illuminating biological tissues, commonly called biospeckles. The predominant techniques used to gather information from the movement of speckle patterns are detailed. Using vegetable tissues, we monitored the senescence process and created vascularization maps of leaf tissues. The Fujii method, which has been modified, has emerged as the most effective approach for highlighting the biological activity across leaf tissues. This technique relies on the presence of fluid flow to create highly detailed maps of tissue microcirculation. The method of temporal contrast evaluation produced a significant spectral activity map, which allowed for the detection of both instant and invisible bruised tissue. The evaluation revealed that biological specimens can exhibit a unique time history of speckle pattern (THSP) patterns, which may serve as a biological signature for the sample. Additionally, an activity index was calculated to define the assay’s activity under different biological conditions, and the results were tested and verified across multiple samples.

PMID:41835815 | PMC:PMC12979931 | DOI:10.52601/bpr.2025.250010

Eur Heart J Open. 2026 Feb 18;6(2):oeag020. doi: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeag020. eCollection 2026 Mar.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: We compared the effects of ‘ablate and pace’ to pharmacological therapy on mortality and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), with or without heart failure (HF).

METHODS AND RESULTS: Articles were identified by searching PubMed, Central, and Embase until 30 June 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed observational and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ‘ablate and pace’ with pharmacological therapy and investigating outcomes of mortality and LVEF in patients with AF. An exclusion criterion was lack of a parallel study design. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and the mean difference (MD) in LVEF. Endpoints were assessed through meta-analyses computing relative risks (RRs) and MDs. The clinical diagnosis of HF was used to distinguish between patients with and without HF. Initially, 3837 studies were identified, of which 24 (n = 4292 patients) fulfilled the inclusion criteria, including 17 (n = 3261 patients) that focused on HF. Follow-up time varied from 3 to 96 months. Only in HF patients, ‘ablate and pace’ reduced mortality significantly with a risk reduction of 36% [RR, 0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49-0.85; P < 0.01; n = 10] as compared with pharmacological therapy. Except for two studies, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) was the chosen pace mode. The mortality reduction was independent of study design: RCTs (RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.18-0.94; P = 0.04; n = 2) and observational studies (RR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.90; P = 0.01; n = 8). ‘Ablate and pace’ and pharmacological therapy were similar for the LVEF outcome (MD, 1.1; 95% CI, -1.6-3.8; P = 0.39; n = 16), which was independent of both HF and study designs (results not shown).

CONCLUSION: ‘Ablate and CRT’ reduced mortality in HF patients as compared with pharmacological therapy, which was supported by statistical associations in observational studies. A single RCT corroborated the finding.

PMID:41835811 | PMC:PMC12988461 | DOI:10.1093/ehjopen/oeag020

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2026 Feb 26;13:1695908. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1695908. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF) on the healing of seawater-impregnated wounds in rabbits and to explore the mechanism.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits were used. Two full-thickness skin wound models were created on each rabbit’s back and immersed in seawater. According to a random number table, one wound on each rabbit was assigned to the PRF group (treated with PRF gel) and the contralateral wound served as the control (untreated). Wound healing rate, histomorphology, bacteriology, and neovascularization (via CD34 immunohistochemistry) were assessed on days 1, 4, 7, and 14 post-operation. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with paired samples t-test and Bonferroni correction.

RESULTS: Wounds in the control group exhibited significant erythema, edema, and inflammatory exudate, with a healing rate of only 53.5% ± 3.2% by day 14. In contrast, PRF-treated wounds showed minimal signs of infection, reduced inflammation, and were almost completely healed (92.9% ± 0.9%) by day 14. The wound healing rate was significantly higher in the PRF group at all time points (P < 0.01). Bacteriological analysis identified BacAutologous PRF significantly promotes the healing of seawater-immersed wounds in rabbits. The mechanism is likely multifactorial, involving the promotion of angiogenesis, reduction of inflammation, and potential inhibition of bacterial growth. PRF represents a promising therapeutic option for the management of seawater immersion wounds. d formation of new capillaries and fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry confirmed a significantly higher density of CD34⁺ neovessels in the PRF group at days 4, 7, and 14 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Autologous PRF significantly promotes the healing of seawater-immersed wounds in rabbits. The mechanism is likely multifactorial, involving the promotion of angiogenesis, reduction of inflammation, and potential inhibition of bacterial growth. PRF represents a promising therapeutic option for the management of seawater immersion wounds.

PMID:41835809 | PMC:PMC12979441 | DOI:10.3389/fcell.2025.1695908

Ann Transl Med. 2026 Feb 28;14(1):1. doi: 10.21037/atm-25-141. Epub 2026 Feb 25.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Tobacco plays a complex role in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Its impact on inpatient outcomes of IBD needs additional study. We aimed to assess the impact of smoking on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with IBD.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) spanning from 2016 to 2019. Patients with UC and CD were identified utilizing ICD-10 codes. Patients were stratified according to the smoking status in two groups. A propensity score matching was utilized to balance comorbidities between study groups. Study outcomes included rates of steroid use, surgeries, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, perianal abscess, and overall mortality. All outcomes were assessed during the index hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17 software. Results were reported as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS: A total of 413,208 patients were included in our study, 180,558 patients had UC, and 232,650 patients had CD. After propensity score matching, we had a total of 151,106 patients: 39,616 patients had UC, with a total of 19,808 in each group. The CD patients were 111,490, with a total of 55,745 patients in each group. For UC patients, smokers had lower odds of steroid use (aOR =0.69, 95% CI: 0.61-0.79, P=0.001), and all-cause mortality (aOR =0.54, 95% CI: 0.32-0.96, P=0.03). For CD patients, smokers had higher odds of steroid use (aOR =1.13, 95% CI: 1.03-1.25, P=0.009), perianal abscess (aOR =1.12, 95% CI: 1.10-1.36, P=0.02), and all-cause mortality (aOR =1.51, 95% CI: 1.27-1.84, P=0.04). All other outcomes were not significant between the study cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco use in hospitalized patients with UC was associated with lower steroid use, while in patients with CD, it correlated with higher steroid use and increased odds of perianal abscesses. These findings highlight the complex impact of tobacco use on IBD outcomes.

PMID:41835800 | PMC:PMC12981989 | DOI:10.21037/atm-25-141