Tag: nevin manimala

Pak J Biol Sci. 2023 Jul;26(8):419-426. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2023.419.426.

ABSTRACT

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Functional Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs) are expressed in metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) cells. A number of &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; studies have evaluated the effect of functional VGSC expression on the metastatic cell behavior of PCa cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of VGSC inhibition on metastatic cell behavior in PCa cells by meta-analysis. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Meta-analysis was performed on data taken from 13 publications that examined the effect of VGSC inhibitors on the metastatic cell behavior of metastatic PCa cells expressing functional VGSCs. The measure of effect was calculated according to the random effects model using mean differences and presented with a forest plot graph. Heterogeneity was checked using the Cochran’s Q Test (Chi-square statistic) and the I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; test statistic. In order to evaluate the objectivity, the funnels-plot graph was used. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The g value showing the effect size was calculated as 4.49 (95% CI = 5.35-3.62) in the experiments where Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was used, which has a very high specificity for VGSCs but is not licensed for clinical use. In experiments using licensed inhibitors Lamotrigine, Oxcarbazepine, Phenytoin, Ranolazine, Riluzole and Lidocaine, the g value was 1.37 (95 % CI = 2.02-0.71). Suppression of metastatic cell behavior in both subgroups is statistically significant (p<0.00001). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Meta-analysis confirmed that VGSCs are an enhancing factor in the metastasis of PCa cells. The VGSCs appear to be an important target in the diagnosis and development of new treatment options in PCa.

PMID:37937335 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2023.419.426

Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2023 Nov 8. doi: 10.1002/ieam.4862. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The study is relevant as it investigates the impact of environmental factors on human health, including harmful substances, extreme temperatures, and air quality. The health status of the population in regions where many industries operate also depends on meteorological factors. The purpose of the study is to characterise and determine the influence of environmental factors (humidity, temperature, wind) and industries, including metal mining and processing regions on the health of people in the Aktobe region, Republic of Kazakhstan. The study used general theoretical methods, with the help of which the results of the meteorological service of the Aktobe region were analysed and systematised, and the experiments conducted by the branch of the National Centre of Expertise of the Committee of Sanitary and Epidemiological Control of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the Aktobe region in 2020, 2021. Statistical data on the amount of chromium, lead, and nickel in the blood, and the morbidity rate of the population were analysed. The study’s findings indicate that residents in the Aktobe region experience hypothermia during winter at temperatures between -12°C to -15°C and humidity of 81%, while summer overheating occurs at temperatures from +19.6°C to +22.5°C with humidity at 77%. These extreme temperature conditions disrupt the body’s heat exchange with the environment, impacting the respiratory and circulatory systems. Moreover, the predominantly windless conditions in the region affect the atmosphere’s self-cleaning ability, resulting in high air pollution potential throughout the year. The findings can inform strategies to improve public health and prevent diseases in industrial regions.

PMID:37937328 | DOI:10.1002/ieam.4862

Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2023 Nov 7:e1884. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1884. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Significant miss-expressed gene indicators contributing to cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer have not been completely understood. It seems that several regulatory genes and signaling pathways are associated with the emergence of the chemo-resistant phenotype.

AIMS: Here, a meta-analysis approach was adopted to assess deregulated genes involved in relapse after the first line of chemotherapy (cisplatin).

METHODS AND RESULTS: To do so, six ovarian cancer libraries were gathered from GEO repository. Batch effect removal and quality assessment, and boxplots and PCA were performed using SVA and ggplot2 packages in R, respectively. Cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive ovarian cancer groups were compared with find genes with significant expression changes using linear regression models in the LIMMA R package. The significance threshold for DEGs was taken as adj p-value < .05 and – 1 > logFC > 1. A total of 261 genes were identified to have significant differential expression levels in the cisplatin-resistant versus cisplatin-sensitive group. Among the 10 top up-regulated and down-regulated genes, PITX2, SNCA, and EPHA7 (up), as well as TMEM98 (down) are indirect upstream regulators of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, contributing greatly to the development of chemo-resistance in cancer via promoting cell proliferation, survival, and cell cycle progression as well as inhibiting apoptosis. Moreover, a comprehensive assessment of DEGs revealed the dysregulation of not only membrane ion channels KCa1.1, Kv4, and CACNB4, affecting cell excitability, proliferation, and apoptosis but also cell adhesion proteins COL4A6, EPHA3, and CD9, affecting the attachment of normal cells to ECM and apoptosis, introducing good options to reverse cisplatin resistance.

CONCLUSION: Our results predict and suggest that upstream regulators of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, ion channels, and cell adhesion proteins play important roles in cisplatin resistance development in ovarian cancer.

PMID:37937323 | DOI:10.1002/cnr2.1884

Front Big Data. 2023 Oct 23;6:1239017. doi: 10.3389/fdata.2023.1239017. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The main goal of this study is to develop a methodology for the organization of experimental selection of operator personnel based on the analysis of their behavior under the influence of micro-stresses.

METHODS: A human-machine interface model has been developed, which considers the change in the functional state of the human operator. The presented concept of the difficulty of detecting the object of attention contributed to developing a particular sequence of ordinary test images with stressor images included in it and presented models of the flow of presenting test images to the recipient.

RESULTS: With the help of descriptive statistics, the parameters of individual box-plot diagrams were determined, and the recipient group was clustered.

DISCUSSION: Overall, the proposed approach based on the example of the conducted grouping makes it possible to ensure the objectivity and efficiency of the professional selection of applicants for operator specialties.

PMID:37937318 | PMC:PMC10626476 | DOI:10.3389/fdata.2023.1239017

Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2023 Nov 6;47:e152. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2023.152. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temporal trend of tuberculosis incidence and mortality rates in Brazil between 2011 and 2019.

METHODS: This was an ecological time series study of tuberculosis incidence and mortality rates in Brazil between 2011 and 2019. Data were extracted from the Notifiable Disease Information System and the Mortality Information System, and population estimates were from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Trends were analyzed by Joinpoint regression, which recognizes inflection points for temporal analysis.

RESULTS: The average incidence rate of tuberculosis in Brazil in the period was 35.8 cases per 100 000 population. From 2011 to 2015, this coefficient had an annual percentage change of -1.9% (95% CI [-3.4, -0.5]) followed by an increase of 2.4% (95% CI [0.9, 3.9]) until 2019. The average mortality rate between 2011 and 2019 was 2.2 deaths per 100 000 population, with an average annual percentage change of -0.4% (95% CI [-1.0, 0.2]). Amazonas was the only state with an increase in the annual average percentage variation for the incidence rate (3.2%; 95% CI [1.3, 5.1]) and mortality rate (2.7%; 95% CI [1.0, 4.4]) over the years, while Rio de Janeiro state had an increasing inflection for incidence from 2014 to 2019 (2.4%; 95% CI [1.4, 3.5]) and annual average of decreasing percentage variation (-3.5%; 95% CI [-5.0, -1.9]).

CONCLUSIONS: During the period analyzed, a decreasing trend in incidence was observed between 2011 and 2015, and an increasing trend for the period from 2015 to 2019. On the other hand, no change in the trend for mortality was found in Brazil.

PMID:37937313 | PMC:PMC10627430 | DOI:10.26633/RPSP.2023.152

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023 Nov 3;9(4):e001685. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001685. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Little is known about the relationship between personal factors and perception of hip-related function among patients with chronic hip-related groin pain (HRGP) seeking non-operative management. This analysis was performed to determine if depressive symptoms, central sensitisation, movement evoked pain (MEP), pressure hypersensitivity and activity level were associated with patients’ perception of hip-related function, represented by the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33).

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used baseline data from a pilot randomised clinical trial. Participants had anterior hip symptoms for at least 3 of the past 12 months reproduced on examination. Depressive symptoms, central sensitisation and activity level were quantified with self-report questionnaires. MEP was assessed during step down and squat. Pain pressure threshold (PPT) was used to assess pressure hypersensitivity. Statistical analysis was performed to assess bivariate association between variables and independent association of variables with iHOT-33.

RESULTS: Data from 33 participants (aged 18-40 years) with HRGP were analysed. Greater depressive symptoms (r_s=-0.48, p=0.005), higher MEP during step down (r_s=-0.36, p=0.040) and squat (r_s=-0.39, p=0.024), and greater central sensitisation (r_s=-0.33, p=0.058) were associated with lower (worse) iHOT-33 scores. Greater depressive symptoms (β=-0.47, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.17; p=0.003) and higher MEP during squat (β=-0.38, 95% CI -0.68 to -0.08; p=0.014) accounted for 37% of variability in iHOT-33. After adjusting for depressive symptoms and MEP, PPT, central sensitisation symptoms and activity level were not associated iHOT-33.

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with HRGP seeking non-operative management, greater depressive symptoms and MEP are independently associated with worse self-perceived hip function.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03959319.

PMID:37937305 | PMC:PMC10626773 | DOI:10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001685

Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2023 Nov 2;19:865-873. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S430523. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential relationship between the prone jackknife position during percutaneous nephroscopy and the occurrence of intraoperative hypotension.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 651 patients who underwent percutaneous nephroscopy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University. The primary focus was to investigate the occurrence of hypotension during the surgical procedure and assess the duration of hypotensive episodes. Patients were categorized into the prone jackknife position group and the lateral position group. To compare the incidence of intraoperative hypotension between the two groups, a 1:1 propensity match was performed. Following the matching process, intraoperative hypotension was assessed and compared between the two groups before and after the match. The binary logistic regression analysis determined the probability of intraoperative hypotension occurred in each group. Furthermore, linear regression analysis was used to analyze the duration of hypotensive episodes experienced by patients in both groups.

RESULTS: After propensity score matching, a total of 272 patients with similar characteristics were obtained (136 in each group). The prone jackknife group had a significantly higher incidence of intraoperative hypotension than the lateral group after the match, with an odds ratio of 2.71 (95% confidence interval: 1.595-4.605). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age and body position exhibited statistical significance as risk factors. Linear regression analysis before and after the match indicated that the duration of hypotension was associated with age, surgical time, and a history of hypertension.

CONCLUSION: The prone jackknife position syndrome after general anesthesia could occur in surgeries. The position could contribute to the development of hypotension during the percutaneous nephroscopy procedure.

PMID:37937277 | PMC:PMC10627167 | DOI:10.2147/TCRM.S430523

Clin Optom (Auckl). 2023 Nov 2;15:261-270. doi: 10.2147/OPTO.S437044. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine hospitalisation profiles related to postprocedural disorders of eye and adnexa in England and Wales.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was an ecological study using publicly available data extracted from the “Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database” in England and the “Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW)” for the period between April 1999 and April 2020. Diagnostic code for postprocedural disorders of eye and adnexa (H59) was used to identify hospital admission. We used the chi-squared test to assess the difference between the hospital admission rates between 1999 and 2020.

RESULTS: Hospital admission rate decreased by 6.3% [from 4.98 (95% CI 4.79-5.17) in 1999 to 4.67 (95% CI 4.50-4.84) in 2020 per 100,000 persons, trend test, p<0.05]. The most common hospital admissions causes were other postprocedural disorders of eye and adnexa “Chorioretinal scars after surgery for detachment.” The age group 75 years and above accounted for 44.3% of the total number of admissions. Hospital admission rate among females decreased by 30.2% [from 5.90 (95% CI 5.61-6.19) in 1999 to 4.12 (95% CI 3.89-4.35) in 2020 per 100,000 persons]. Hospital admission rate among males increased by 30.2% [from 4.02 (95% CI 3.77-4.26) in 1999 to 5.23 (95% CI 4.97-5.49) in 2020 per 100,000 persons].

CONCLUSION: This study revealed that hospital admission rates for postprocedural disorders of the eye and adnexa decreased over the course of the study period. Eye and adnexa disorders accounted for the preponderance of hospital admissions among the elderly. Further research is required to identify risk factors that can be avoided.

PMID:37937276 | PMC:PMC10627053 | DOI:10.2147/OPTO.S437044

J Parasitol Res. 2023 Oct 10;2023:6687665. doi: 10.1155/2023/6687665. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

Trematodes are chronic, debilitating diseases in livestock, causing significant economic losses worldwide. From mid-December 2021 to May 2022, a cross-sectional study was carried out in the Damot Sore District to estimate the prevalence of trematode infections in cattle and associated risk factors. Trematode eggs were found in 100 of the 384 faecal samples tested, with an overall prevalence of 26.04% (95% CI: 21.88-30.69%). The prevalence for Fasciola, Paramphistome, and Schistosoma species were 12.50%, 5.21%, and 0, respectively. Moreover, the infection rate with two parasites was 8.33%. The data were then examined further using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. As a result, age was the only potential predictor identified to influence trematode infections in cattle among the potential predictors considered. Furthermore, old cattle were more likely to be infected with trematodiasis nearly 12 times (OR = 11.5) that of young cattle, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05), whereas other risk factors considered were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). According to the findings of this study, cattle trematodiasis is a moderately common disease in the study area. As a result, additional research on the meteorological conditions of snail infection was forwarded, along with other points to reduce the disease problem in livestock production.

PMID:37937272 | PMC:PMC10627722 | DOI:10.1155/2023/6687665