Tag: nevin manimala

J Dent. 2023 Jul 29:104643. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104643. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of two glutaraldehyde-based desensitizers (L: GLUMA Desensitizer, Heraeus Kulzer and G: GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel) prior to the adhesive procedures on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to dentin and endogenous enzymatic activity.

METHODS: Noncarious human third molars (N=48) were cut to expose middle coronal dentin. Six experimental groups were formed according to the dentin pre-treatment (L or G) and the universal adhesives (IBU – iBond universal, Kulzer or AU – Adhese Universal, Ivoclar Vivadent) used in the self-etch mode (n=8): 1) L/IBU; 2) G/IBU; 3) IBU; 4) L/AU; 5) G/AU; 6) AU. Specimens were cut into sticks and stressed until failure after 24h (T₀) or 1yr of aging (T₁₂). Additional 4 teeth were used for in situ zymography evaluation and data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05).

RESULTS: Dentin pre-treatment, adhesive and ageing statistically influenced bond strength and enzymatic activity (P<0.001). AU demonstrated higher bond strength values than IBU (P<0.001). The L resulted in higher bond strength compared to the G and control groups (P<0.001). Ageing statistically influenced bonding performance, especially when no dentin pre-treatment was performed (P<0.001). In situ zymography revealed that at baseline the control groups exhibited lower interfacial fluorescence compared to the experimental groups, irrespective of the adhesive used (P<0,001). However, after 1 yr of artificial storage, no differences were found among the groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Glutharldeadeyde-based products increased bond strength and determined a stabilization of the adhesive interface over time apparently not related to the MMPs inhibition.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The results of this in vitro study suggest that the application of glutaraldehyde-based desensitizers prior to the adhesive procedures when associated with universal adhesives could result in increased bond strength and stabilization of the adhesive interface over time.

PMID:37524197 | DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104643

Gait Posture. 2023 Jul 27;105:104-109. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.285. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Toe-walking is one of the most common gait deviations (due to soleus and/or gastrocnemius muscle contractures), compromising the first (heel rocker) and second (ankle rocker) of the foot during walking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of emulated artificially gastrocnemius and soleus contractures on the first and second rocker during walking.

METHOD: An exoskeleton was built to emulate contractures of the bilateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Ten healthy participants were recruited to walk under the following conditions: without emulated contractures or with bilateral emulated contractures at 0°,10°, 20° and 30° of plantarflexion of the soleus or gastrocnemius in order to create an artificial restriction of dorsiflexion ankle movement. A linear regression from the ankle plantar-dorsiflexion angle pattern was performed on 0-5 % of the gait cycle (first rocker) and on 12-31 % of the gait cycle (second rocker) to compute the slope of the curve. The proportion of participants with the presence of the first and second rocker was then computed. A Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) analysis assessed the kinematic variations among different degrees of emulated contractures.

FINDINGS: The first and second rockers are completely absent from 10° of plantarflexion emulated contracture. The data indicate there was a non-linear shift of the gait pattern of the ankle kinematics and an important shift toward plantarflexion values with the loss of the rockers.

INTERPRETATION: This study suggests that toe-walking in the experimental simulation situation is not necessarily due to a high emulated contracture level and can occur with a small emulated contracture by an adaptation choice. This study may improve interpretation of clinical gait analysis and shows that the link between the level of gastrocnemius/soleus emulated contracture and progression of toe-walking (increased plantarflexion during gait) is not linear.

PMID:37523808 | DOI:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.285

Pathol Res Pract. 2023 Jul 27;248:154716. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154716. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC), the fourth of the world’s major common malignancy, poses a serious threat to the physical and mental health of the population. Nevertheless, the prognosis of CRC patients remains unsatisfactory. Consequently, it is still imperative to continuously discover the CRC mechanisms.

METHODS: The expression profiles of mRNAs were recognized by whole transcriptome sequencing to identity differentially expressed mRNA (DE-mRNA). TCGA COAD cohort, PPOGgene and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases were utilized to validate RNF114 relevance to CRC prognosis. The effect of RNF114 on the malignant biological behavior of CRC was explored in CRC cells and subcutaneous tumor models and lung metastasis model after exogenous regulation of RNF114.

RESULTS: A total of 1358 DE-mRNAs were identified, including 617 up-regulated and 741 down-regulated DE-mRNAs, and they were mainly involved in the term of receptor ligand activity, Wnt signaling pathway and pathway in cancer. Notably, RNF114 was hyper-expressed in tissues and cell of CRC, and significantly correlated with tumor invasion depth and TNM stage of CRC patients. RNF114 expression were significantly associated with overall survival, and had superior diagnostic value in CRC. In vitro, knockdown of RNF114 statistically diminished the proliferation, stemness, invasion and wound healing of CRC cells and facilitated their apoptosis, and the opposite result was observed for overexpression of RNF114. In vivo, knockdown of RNF114 effectively diminished the mass and volume of tumors, and lung metastasis in animal model.

CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we identified DE-mRNAs in CRC, and elucidated that RNF114 facilitates CRC process. The discovery will contribute to theoretical foundation for RNF114 as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker, and offer new perspectives for CRC research.

PMID:37523804 | DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2023.154716

Cytokine. 2023 Jul 29;169:156310. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156310. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We compare cytokine profiles at the time of initial CSF shunt placement between children who required no subsequent shunt revision surgeries and children requiring repeated CSF shunt revision surgeries for CSF shunt failure. We also describe the cytokine profiles across surgical episodes for children who undergo multiple subsequent revision surgeries.

METHODS: This pilot study was nested within an ongoing prospective multicenter study collecting CSF samples and clinical data at the time of CSF shunt surgeries since August 2014. We selected cases where CSF was available for children who underwent an initial CSF shunt placement and had no subsequent shunt revision surgeries during >=24 months of follow-up (n = 7); as well as children who underwent an initial CSF shunt placement and then required repeated CSF shunt revision surgeries (n = 3). Levels of 92 human cytokines were measured using the Olink immunoassay and 41 human cytokines were measured using Luminex based bead array on CSF obtained at the time of each child’s initial CSF shunt placement and were displayed in heat maps.

RESULTS: Qualitatively similar profiles for the majority of cytokines were observed among the patients in each group in both Olink and Luminex assays. Lower levels of MCP-3, CASP-8, CD5, CXCL9, CXCL11, eotaxin, IFN-γ, IL-13, IP-10, and OSM at the time of initial surgery were noted in the children who went on to require multiple surgeries. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were selected a priori and shown across subsequent revision surgeries for the 3 patients. Cytokine patterns differed between patients, but within a given patient pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines acted in a parallel fashion, with the exception of IL-4.

CONCLUSIONS: Heat maps of cytokine levels at the time of initial CSF shunt placement for each child undergoing only a single initial CSF shunt placement and for each child undergoing repeat CSF shunt revision surgeries demonstrated qualitatively similar profiles for the majority of cytokines. Lower levels of MCP-3, CASP-8, CD5, CXCL9, CXCL11, eotaxin, IFN-γ, IL-13, IP-10, and OSM at the time of initial surgery were noted in the children who went on to require multiple surgeries. Better stratification by patient age, etiology, and mechanism of failure is needed to develop a deeper understanding of the mechanism of inflammation in the development of hydrocephalus and response to shunting in children.

PMID:37523803 | DOI:10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156310

Epilepsy Behav. 2023 Jul 28;146:109367. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109367. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of epilepsy has been observed in the onchocerciasis-endemic focus of Mahenge, Tanzania. This study sought to assess the degree of disability experienced by persons with epilepsy (PWE) in Mahenge and identify associations with sociodemographic and clinical features.

METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Mahenge, Tanzania, between February and July 2020. PWE were recruited from the Mahenge epilepsy clinic and four neighbouring rural villages (Mdindo, Mzogezi, Mzelezi and Sali). Data were collected using the 36-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) questionnaire for adults. For children aged 5-17 years, we used the Module on Child Functioning developed by UNICEF and the Washington Group. Questionnaires were administered by trained research assistants. Descriptive statistics were performed, and multivariable analyses (gamma and logistic regressions) were conducted.

RESULTS: A total of 321 adults (45.5% males) and 48 children (55.3% males) with epilepsy participated. The overall median WHODAS 2.0 score was 4.8% (IQR: 0.9-18.9). The most affected disability domain was ‘participating in the society’ (median score: 12.5%, IQR: 0-29.2). Fifteen (31.3%) of the children with epilepsy had a disability in at least one domain of the child functioning module, with the ‘accepting change’ domain harbouring the highest proportion of disabled children (12.5%). Higher seizure frequency and longer epilepsy duration were associated with more disability.

CONCLUSION: PWE in Mahenge experience variable degrees of disability. The affected domains indicate the need for societal rehabilitation of PWE in various community and/or social activities. Peer-support groups were instituted at the study sites to address these needs.

PMID:37523798 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109367

Aesthet Surg J. 2023 Jul 31:sjad243. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjad243. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The results of preoperative and 1-year postoperative measurements in aesthetic breast surgery were outlined in chart form in the Aesthetic Surgery Journal in 2020. Measurements were performed preoperatively and postoperatively, but the authors concentrated on 1-year follow-up because it is generally accepted as the minimum time to define a stable surgical result. Extensive statistical analysis was outlined in the previous paper.

OBJECTIVES: This paper translates those results into a visual form so that the surgeon can see the changes which occur in breast reduction, breast augmentation, mastopexy, mastopexy-augmentation and implant removal with mastopexy.

METHODS: There were 548 patients in the breast augmentation group, 388 patients in the breast reduction group, 244 patients for mastopexy-augmentation and 90 patients for mastopexy. Only primary surgeries were reviewed that had a full year follow-up comparing preoperative and postoperative measurements. Measurements were performed by the senior author preoperatively and at each postoperative visit. The measurements that were included in this study were clavicle to upper breast border, upper breast border to nipple, suprasternal notch to nipple, suprasternal notch to inframammary fold, and midline to nipple.

RESULTS: The preoperative and postoperative measurement changes in aesthetic breast surgery are consistent, with minimal variation for each of the aesthetic breast surgery procedures.

CONCLUSIONS: The visual interpretation of these results allows the surgeon to accurately plan preoperatively in order to achieve good, predictable results.

PMID:37523745 | DOI:10.1093/asj/sjad243

Wounds. 2023 Jul;35(7):E229-E235.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Podiatric infections are common in patients with and without diabetes. Biofilm detection would aid in determining the severity of foot infections and preventive strategies to manage them.

OBJECTIVE: The authors studied the clinicomicrobiological profile of podiatric infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Organisms from podiatric specimens were identified and the antibiotic susceptibility of the organisms determined using standard microbiological methods. Organisms were screened for biofilm production using the microtiter plate method. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were screened for ica, cna, and hlg genes by multiplex PCR.

RESULTS: A total of 117 patients were included in the study, and specimens from 71 patients were culture positive (60.6%). Gram-negative bacteria were predominant (n = 88 [73.3%]). S aureus (n = 32 [26.7%]) was the most common isolate. The rate of biofilm production was 54.2%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most prevalent biofilm producer (82.8%). The study revealed a statistically significant association of biofilm formation with MDR, MRSA, and prior antibiotic therapy with multiple (≥4) antibiotics.

CONCLUSION: Isolation of MRSA or MDR strain from diabetic foot infections could alert the clinician to the possibility of treatment failure with a single drug regimen owing to associated biofilm production. Detection of biofilm producers and subsequent early debridement and/or cleaning of wounds might prevent chronic infection.

PMID:37523740

Cancer Nurs. 2023 Jul 31. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000001273. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Identification of factors associated with quality of life (QOL) among cancer survivors is crucial for identifying potential targets for intervention.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to provide evidence of factors associated with the QOL among posttreatment cancer survivors in Korea.

METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search from January 2000 to September 2022 using PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Korean databases (RISS, SCIENCEON). We evaluated study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Quality Appraisal Checklists for Analytical Cross-sectional Studies and performed statistical analysis using the R 3.0 software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) package. We analyzed the pooled effect sizes of potential QOL correlates by the random-effects model.

RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 31 studies with 8934 participants. The pooled estimates were significantly large for economic status (r = -0.53); significantly medium for fatigue (r = -0.39), anxiety (r = -0.29), depression (r = -0.42), self-efficacy (r = 0.37), and social support (r = 0.30); and significantly small for education level (r = -0.18), job status (r = -0.09), cancer stage (r = -0.20), and time since diagnosis (r = -0.26).

CONCLUSIONS: Low education level, having no job, low economic status, advanced cancer stage, short disease period, fatigue, anxiety, and depression were significantly associated with worse QOL, whereas self-efficacy and social support were significantly associated with better QOL.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The findings have potential implications for identifying “at-risk survivors” of deteriorated QOL and for suggesting powerful strategies (eg, enhancing self-efficacy or social support) for improving QOL.

PMID:37523733 | DOI:10.1097/NCC.0000000000001273

Int J Radiat Biol. 2023 Jul 31:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2232009. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The application of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was promising. However, whether the effect of HIFU is comparable with that of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has not been determined.Materials and methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, WanFang Data, CqVip, CNKI, and CBM databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated. When there is no statistical heterogeneity, the fixed effect model would be used to merge data. Otherwise, the random effect model would be utilized. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by excluding one study each time. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age, sex, tumor number, relative number of the patients with Child-Pugh C grade in each group, the percentage of patients with Child-Pugh C grade in the whole study, and tumor load. Publication bias was evaluated by Egger’s test and Begg’s test.Results: Six cohort studies including 188 patients from HIFU group and 224 patients from TACE group were obtained for further analysis. The meta-analysis suggested HIFU and TACE showed no differences in postoperative 1-year overall survival (OS) rate, tumor response (including complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease), and postoperative complications. Moreover, compared with TACE, HIFU showed higher postoperative 6-month and 2-year OS rates. Subgroup analyses, meta regression analysis and sensitivity analyses indicated the findings above were reliable. Additionally, no potential publication bias was detected.Conclusion: For HCC, when compared with TACE, HIFU might show comparable safety but better effect. Considering the limitations of current studies, more well-designed studies are needed to validate our conclusion.

PMID:37523652 | DOI:10.1080/09553002.2023.2232009

J Glaucoma. 2023 Jul 25. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002278. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PRECIS: In this study, in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome or glaucoma, changes in intraocular pressure and pupil size after %1 tropicamide used for pupil dilation, compared to healthy patients, were quantitatively demonstrated up to 4 hours after dilation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate pharmacological dilatation with one drop of 1% tropicamide on pupillary diameter and intraocular pressure (IOP) changes in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and glaucoma (PXG).

METHODS: Eighty-two patients with PXS, 78 Patients with PXG, and 35 healthy subjects were included in the study. PXG and PXS were diagnosed based on IOP assessment, corneal pachymetry, optic disc examination, visual field testing, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber analysis. IOP and the diameter of pupil size were measured before dilatation and at post dilatation 1st hour, 2nd, and 4th hours.

RESULTS: The mean pupillary diameter values at post-dilatation 2nd and 4th hours were statistically significantly different between the patients with PXS and PXG (P<0.001, for each). Also, there were significant differences between PXS group and control group in terms of the mean pupillary diameter values at pre-dilatation and post-dilatation at 1st hour and post-dilatation 2nd hour(P=0.007, P<0.001 respectively). The mean pupillary diameter at all times was statistically significantly different between PXG and control groups (P<0.001 for each). Significant IOP increases were observed in all groups after dilatation. The mean IOP at pre-dilatation and post-dilatation 4th hour were statistically significantly different between PXG and PXS groups (P=0.042, P<0.001, respectively). Whereas the mean IOP at pre-dilatation, post-dilatation 1st hour, post-dilatation 2nd hour, and post-dilatation 4th hour were statistically significantly different between PXG and control group (P<0.001 for each).

CONCLUSION: Significant IOP increases have been observed in our study with 1% tropicamide in the PXG and PXS groups, with the peak effect at the 2nd hour in the post-dilatation period. Furthermore, the mean pupil diameter was found to be significantly lower in PXG patients compared to the control group.

PMID:37523644 | DOI:10.1097/IJG.0000000000002278