Tag: nevin manimala

Minerva Anestesiol. 2023 Feb 21. doi: 10.23736/S0375-9393.23.16956-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pain following open reduction and internal fixation of distal radius fracture (DRF) can be significant. This study compared the intensity of pain up to 48 hours after volar plating for DRF, associated to either an ultrasound guided distal nerve block (DNB) or surgical site infiltration (SSI).

METHODS: In this prospective single blind randomized study, 72 patients scheduled for DRF surgery under 1.5% lidocaine axillary block were allocated to receive, at the end of surgery, either an ultrasound-guided median and radial nerves block with ropivacaine 0.375% (DNB) performed by the anesthesiologist or a SSI with the same drug regimen, performed by the surgeon. Primary outcome was the duration between analgesic technique (H0) and pain reappearance (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS 0-10)>3). Secondary outcomes were the quality of analgesia, the quality of sleep, the magnitude of motor blockade, and the patient satisfaction. The study was built on a statistical hypothesis of equivalence.

RESULTS: Fifty-nine patients were included in the final per-protocol analysis (DNB=30, SSI=29). Time to reach NRS>3 was (in median [95%CI]) 267 min [155;727] and 164 min [120;181] respectively after DNB and SSI (difference=103 min [-22;594] – rejection of equivalence hypothesis). Pain intensity throughout the 48 hours, quality of sleep, opiate consumption, motor blockade and patient satisfaction was not significantly different between groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Although DNB provides a longer analgesia than SSI, both techniques gave comparable level of pain control during the first 48 hours after surgery, without any difference in the incidence of side effects or patient satisfaction.

PMID:36800809 | DOI:10.23736/S0375-9393.23.16956-2

Minerva Anestesiol. 2023 Feb 21. doi: 10.23736/S0375-9393.22.16913-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The prokinetic effect of metoclopramide promotes gastric emptying and decreases stomach capacity. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of metoclopramide in reducing gastric contents and volume using gastric point-of-care ultrasonography (PoCUS) in parturients females prepared for elective Cesarean section under general anesthesia.

METHODS: A total of 111 parturient females were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The intervention group (Group M; N.=56) received 10 mg metoclopramide diluted in 10 mL 0.9% normal saline. The control group (Group C; N.=55): received 10 mL 0.9% normal saline. The cross-sectional area and volume of stomach contents were measured using ultrasound before and one hour after the administration of metoclopramide or saline.

RESULTS: Statistically significant differences in mean antral cross-sectional area and gastric volume were observed between the two groups (P<0.001). Group M had significantly lower rates of nausea and vomiting compared to the control group.

CONCLUSIONS: Metoclopramide decreases gastric volume, reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting, and may lower the risk of aspiration when used as premedication before obstetric surgery. Preoperative gastric PoCUS has utility in objectively assessing stomach volume and contents.

PMID:36800808 | DOI:10.23736/S0375-9393.22.16913-0

Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2023 Feb 21. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.23.07364-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Xerosis is an extremely common condition, especially in the elderly population. It is the most common cause of pruritus in the older adult. Since xerosis is generally caused by a lack of epidermal lipids, the use of leave-on skin care products is the mainstay treatment. The aim of this open prospective analytical observational study was to investigate the clinical and self-reported hydrating efficacy of a moisturizer formulation containing a synergy between amino-inositol and urea (INOSIT-U 20) in patients with psoriasis and xerosis.

METHODS: Twenty-two patients with psoriasis successfully treated with biologic therapy, and who presented xerosis, were recruited. Each patient was instructed to apply the topical with a frequency of two applications per die on the identified skin area. Corneometry values and a VAS itch questionnaire were measured at baseline (T0) and after 28 days (T4). To evaluate the cosmetic efficacy, the volunteers also completed a self-assessment questionnaire.

RESULTS: Comparing Corneometry values at T0 and T4, a statistically significant increase value was observed in the area subjected to topical treatment (P<0.0001). A significant decrease in itch (P=0.001) was also observed. Moreover, the patients’ ratings of the cosmetic properties of the moisturizer showed significant confirmation rates.

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence that INOSIT-U20 provides a good hydrating effect on xerosis, further reducing self-reported itch.

PMID:36800804 | DOI:10.23736/S2784-8671.23.07364-4

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2023;102(1):94-97. doi: 10.17116/stomat202310201194.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is determination of the effectiveness of technologies for predicting the progressive course of dental caries in pregnant women.

MATERIAL AND METODS: We examined 511 pregnant women aged 18-40 years with dental caries (304 were included in a main group, 207 were enrolled in controls), who were assessed the DMFT index sequentially in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. The prognosis of recurrence of dental caries was determined by the method of two-stage clinical and laboratory prognosis.

RESULTS: The prevalence of dental caries in the main group was 89.1% (271 out of 304 patients), in the control group – 87.9% (182 out of 207 patients). In the third trimester of pregnancy 36.2% of women in the main group had a recurrence of caries (vs 43.0% in the control group). Early examination of patients in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, followed by monitoring of the state of the organs and tissues of the mouth, made it possible to achieve timely treatment of dental caries and prevent its recurrence. In the third trimester of pregnancy, the DMFT-index in the dispensary group, in contrast to the control group, was statistically significantly (p<0.05) lower by 12.3%, which indicated the effective use of the proposed monitoring.

CONCLUSION: The use of a system for providing dental treatment and preventive care in the form of screening, dynamic forecasting and assessment of the risk of recurrence of caries in pregnant women with dental caries and a high risk of its progression makes it possible to stop the development of this process and ensure the preservation of dental health.

PMID:36800794 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202310201194

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2023;102(1):86-93. doi: 10.17116/stomat202310201186.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: For the first time distinctions of molecular composition of the dental biofilm at the stages of exo- and endogeneous caries prevention were studied for persons with different cariogenic conditions involving synchrotron molecular spectroscopy techniques.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The samples of the dental biofilm collected from participants of the research were studied at the different stages of experiment. The studies of molecular composition of the biofilms were employed involving the equipment set in the Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) laboratory of Australian synchrotron.

RESULTS: Basing on the data obtained by synchrotron infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform as well as using the calculations of the ratios between organic and mineral components and also statistical analysis of the data we could estimate the changes proceeding in the molecular composition of dental biofilm in a dependence of homeostasis conditions in the oral cavity at the stages of exo- and endogeneous caries prevention.

CONCLUSION: Observed changes in the values of phosphate/protein/lipid, phosphate/mineral and phospholipid/lipid ratios as well as the presence of statistically significant intra- and intergroup in these coefficients mean that mechanisms of adsorption for the ions, compounds and molecular complexes incoming from the oral fluid into the dental biofilm at the stage of exo-/endogeneous caries prevention are different for the patients in normal condition and for those ones with the developing caries.

PMID:36800793 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202310201186

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2023;102(1):60-65. doi: 10.17116/stomat202310201160.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to determine the X-ray morphometric parameters of the neck of the mandible for the rational choice of fixing elements during osteosynthesis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on 145 computed tomography scans of the mandible, the parameters of the upper and lower borders, the area and thickness of the neck of the mandible were studied. The anatomical boundaries of the neck were determined using the classification of A. Neff (2014). The parameters of the neck of the mandible were studied depending on the shape of the mandible ramus, gender, age and preservation of dentition.

RESULTS: The sizes of morphometric parameters of the neck of the mandible prevail in men. Statistically significant differences were found between the sizes of the neck of the mandible in men and women in the width of the lower border, area, and thickness of bone tissue. It was revealed that there are statically significant differences between hypsiramimandibular, orthoramimandibular and platyramimandibular forms in the following parameters: the width of the lower and upper borders, the middle of the neck, the area of bone tissue. When comparing the morphometric parameters of the neck of the articular process, there were no statistically significant differences between the age groups (p>0.05), and no differences were found between the groups identified by the degree of preservation of the dentition (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Morphometric parameters of the neck of the mandible have individual variability, statically significant differences depending on the sex and shape of the mandibular ramus. The obtained results on the width, thickness, and area of the bone tissue of the neck of the mandible will help in clinical practice to rationally choose the length of screws; the size, number, and shape of titanium mini-plates to achieve the requirements of stable functional osteosynthesis.

PMID:36800787 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202310201160

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2023;102(1):46-51. doi: 10.17116/stomat202310201146.

ABSTRACT

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to compare body mass indices (BMI) of children receiving and not receiving dental caries prevention program in preschool institutions at the age of 3-6 years.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised163 children (76 boys and 87 girls) initially examined at the age of 3 years in nurseries of the Khimki city region. In one of the nurseries 54 children received dental caries prevention and educational program for 3 years. Other 109 children not receiving any special programs served as controls. Data on caries prevalence and intensity as well as weight and height were collected at baseline examination and 3 years after. BMI was calculated by standard formula and WHO criteria for weight deficiency, normal weight, overweight and obesity for children aged 2-5 and 6-17 years were applied.

RESULTS: Caries prevalence in 3-years-old was 34.1% with dmft median of 1.4 teeth. After 3 years the prevalence of dental caries reached 72.5% in controls and was almost twice as low in the main group (39.3%). Caries intensity growth was also significantly higher in controls (p<0.0001). There was statistically significant difference on the rate of underweight and normal weight in children receiving and not receiving dental caries preventive program (p<0.05). The rate of normal and low BMI in the main group was 82.6% (vs. 66% in controls) and 7.7% (vs. 22%), correspondingly. The higher the caries intensity the more is the risk for being underweight (11.5% in caries-free children vs 25.7% in having DMFT+dft more than 4, p=0.034).

CONCLUSION: Our study showed positive impact of dental caries prevention program on the anthropometric measurements of children aged 3-6 years which increases the significance of this type of programs in pre-school institutions.

PMID:36800785 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202310201146

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2023;102(1):13-18. doi: 10.17116/stomat202310201113.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to increase the effectiveness of diagnostics of microhemocirculatory changes in periodontal tissues in anatomical and functional disorders of the mucogingival complex, based on the use of the method of discriminant analysis of ultrasound opplerography.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: 187 patients aged 18-44 years (young age according to WHO) were examined without concomitant somatic pathology with various variants of anatomical structures of the mucous-gingival complex, which included an assessment of blood flow in periodontal tissues by ultrasound dopplerography at rest and during a functional test of the tension of the soft tissues of the upper and lower lip, cheeks using an opt-out. After qualitative and quantitative analysis of dopplerograms, an automated assessment of the microhemocirculation of the studied structures was performed, identifying differences between groups using step-by-step discriminant analysis with the study of several variables.

RESULTS: Depending on the type of reaction to the sample, a model of the distribution of patients into separate groups based on the application of the discriminant analysis method is proposed. It was found that patients of all groups were classified statistically significantly (p<0.05) and the possibility of distributing patients according to the described criteria (the ratio of the maximum systolic blood flow rate along the mean velocity curve, Vas) to a specific class corresponding to the highest value of the function was proved.

CONCLUSION: The proposed method for assessing the functional state of periodontal tissue vessels allows classifying patients with high accuracy and a minimum of the probability of false results, reliably assess the degree of existing functional disorders, determine the prognosis and further tactics of therapeutic and preventive measures and can be recommended for use in clinical practice.

PMID:36800780 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202310201113

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2023;102(1):7-12. doi: 10.17116/stomat20231020117.

ABSTRACT

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim was to study the metabolic and proliferative activity of the components of ameloblastoma of mixed histological structure. To assess the impact of individual components of mixed variants of ameloblastoma on treatment results and the risk of relapse.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 21 histological specimens of mixed ameloblastoma. To study proliferative and metabolic activity, histological preparations were immunohistochemically stained. To assess the proliferation of tumor components, histological preparations were stained for the presence of antigens to Ki-67, and the level of metabolic activity was assessed by the expression level of the glucose transporter GLUT-1. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test, statistical significance was determined using the Chi-square test, and correlation analysis was performed using Spearman’s.

RESULTS: Among the samples of mixed ameloblastoma included in the study, a non-uniform distribution of proliferation and intensity of metabolic activity among the components was obtained. So, among all the components, the plexiform and basal cell variants are distinguished by the greatest proliferative activity. The metabolic activity of these components of mixed ameloblastoma is also increased.

CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained allow us to conclude that it is necessary to take into account plexiform and basal cell components of mixed ameloblastoma, as this can affect the effectiveness of treatment and the risk of relapse.

PMID:36800779 | DOI:10.17116/stomat20231020117

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Feb 21;103(7):526-529. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221017-02158.

ABSTRACT

The data of 1 268 newly diagnosed gliomas from the Fourth Ward of Neurosurgery Department of Beijing Tiantan Hospital between April 2013 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on postoperative pathology, the gliomas were divided into groups: oligodendrogliomas (n=308), astrocytomas (n=337) and glioblastomas (n=623). According to the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyl transferase (MGMT) promoter status defined by the 12% of best cut-off value in previous research results, patients were divided into methylation group (n=763) and non-methylation group (n=505). Methylation level [M (Q₁, Q₃)] in patients with glioblastoma, astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma was 6% (2%, 24%), 17% (10%, 28%) and 29% (19%, 40%), respectively (P<0.001). Compared with non-methylation patients, the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of glioblastomas patients with methylation of MGMT promoter demonstrated more favorable prognosis [M (Q₁, Q₃)]) of PFS: 14.0 (6.0, 36.0) months vs 8.0 (4.0, 15.0) months, P<0.001; M (Q₁, Q₃) of OS: 29.0 (17.0, 60.5) months vs 16.0 (11.0, 26.5) months, P<0.001]. In astrocytomas patients, the PFS was much longer for those with methylation [the median PFS of patients with methylation was not observed at the end of follow-up, but those without methylation showed a median PFS of 46.0 (29.0, 52.0) months] (P=0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in OS [the median OS of patients with methylation was not observed at the end of follow-up, but those without methylation had a median OS of 62.0 (46.0, 98.0) months] (P=0.085). In oligodendrogliomas patients, no statistically significant differences of PFS and OS were observed between patients with methylation and those without methylation. MGMT promoter status was a related factor affecting PFS and OS in glioblastomas (PFS: HR=0.534,95%CI: 0.426-0.668, P<0.001; OS: HR=0.451, 95%CI: 0.353-0.576, P<0.001). Moreover, MGMT promoter status was also a related factor affecting PFS in astrocytomas (HR=0.462, 95%CI: 0.221-0.966, P=0.040), but not for OS (HR=0.664, 95%CI: 0.259-1.690, P=0.389). The methylation level of MGMT promoter differed substantially in different types of gliomas, and the status of MGMT promoter profoundly affected the prognosis of glioblastomas.

PMID:36800777 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221017-02158