Tag: nevin manimala

J Chem Theory Comput. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00252. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Generalized expressions for thermodynamic properties in terms of ensemble averages are discussed for adiabatic and isothermal ensembles. They are implemented in the simulation code ms2 and validated by Monte Carlo simulations for the Lennard-Jones fluid. A comparison of the eight statistical ensembles regarding size scaling behavior, convergence, and stability is provided for state points throughout the homogeneous fluid region. The resulting data are in good agreement but differ in their statistical distributions. In closed systems, the statistical quality of the data is better than in open systems. Overall, the microcanonical ensemble performs best.

PMID:37294862 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00252

Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.11607/prd.8466. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed at evaluating marginal leakage of 3 different types of bonding agent and 2 posterior composites and a giomer available commercially.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Class II box only cavities were prepared on 90 mandibular first molars with margins extending 1mm beyond cement enamel junction. The samples were divided into 9 groups on the basis of three different bonding agents and 2 different composites and giomer. Cavities were restored as per the manufacturer’s description. Teeth were subjected to thermocycling regime (500×, 5-55°C) and dye penetration by immersing in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. The marginal adaptation was evaluated as a continuous margin at gingival level under stereomicroscope. The results were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test.

RESULTS: The results of the groups with total etch technique showed no statistical difference between Nanohybrid Filtek Z250XT and Hybrid SwissTec. The groups with self etch technique showed no statistical difference when used with either of the 2 composites. The acid etch technique when used showed better marginal adaptation compared to self etch technique. The giomer when used in total etch technique showed better adaptation than when used with self etch technique but over all showed more marginal leakage in comparison to the composites.

CONCLUSION: Total etch technique in comparison to self etch technique gave better marginal adaptations for composites and giomers. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. doi: 10.11607/prd.4866.

PMID:37294860 | DOI:10.11607/prd.8466

Eur J Appl Physiol. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s00421-023-05245-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Excessive intensity exercises can bring irreversible damage to the heart. We explore whether heart sounds can evaluate cardiac function after high-intensity exercise and hope to prevent overtraining through the changes of heart sound in future training.

METHODS: The study population consisted of 25 male athletes and 24 female athletes. All subjects were healthy and had no history of cardiovascular disease or family history of cardiovascular disease. The subjects were required to do high-intensity exercise for 3 days, with their blood sample and heart sound (HS) signals being collected and analysed before and after exercise. We then developed a Kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) model that can distinguish the state of heart by using the pre- and post-exercise data.

RESULTS: There was no significant change in serum cardiac troponin I after 3 days of load cross-country running, which indicates that there was no myocardial injury after the race. The statistical analysis of time-domain characteristics and multi-fractal characteristic parameters of HS showed that the cardiac reserve capacity of the subjects was enhanced after the cross-country running, and the KELM is an effective classifier to recognize HS and the state of the heart after exercise.

CONCLUSION: Through the results, we can draw the conclusion that this intensity of exercise will not cause profound damage to the athlete’s heart. The findings of this study are of great significance for evaluating the condition of the heart with the proposed index of heart sound and prevention of excessive training that causes damage to the heart.

PMID:37294516 | DOI:10.1007/s00421-023-05245-w

Curr Diab Rep. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s11892-023-01516-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite the crucial role that prediction models play in guiding early risk stratification and timely intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), their use is not widespread in clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to examine the methodological characteristics and quality of existing prognostic models predicting postpartum glucose intolerance following GDM.

RECENT FINDINGS: A systematic review was conducted on relevant risk prediction models, resulting in 15 eligible publications from research groups in various countries. Our review found that traditional statistical models were more common than machine learning models, and only two were assessed to have a low risk of bias. Seven were internally validated, but none were externally validated. Model discrimination and calibration were done in 13 and four studies, respectively. Various predictors were identified, including body mass index, fasting glucose concentration during pregnancy, maternal age, family history of diabetes, biochemical variables, oral glucose tolerance test, use of insulin in pregnancy, postnatal fasting glucose level, genetic risk factors, hemoglobin A1c, and weight. The existing prognostic models for glucose intolerance following GDM have various methodological shortcomings, with only a few models being assessed to have low risk of bias and validated internally. Future research should prioritize the development of robust, high-quality risk prediction models that follow appropriate guidelines, in order to advance this area and improve early risk stratification and intervention for glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes among women who have had GDM.

PMID:37294513 | DOI:10.1007/s11892-023-01516-0

Mycopathologia. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s11046-023-00758-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Candidemia is a serious infection associated with increased mortality. It is unclear whether a high concentration of Candida in stool in patients with hematologic malignancies is associated with a higher risk for developing candidemia. In this observational historical study in patients hospitalized in hemato-oncology departments, we describe the association between gastrointestinal Candida colonization and the risk for candidemia and other severe outcomes. Data from 166 patients with heavy burden of Candida in stool were collected and compared to a control group of 309 patients with minimal or no Candida in stool, from 2005 to 2020. Severe immunosuppression and recent use of antibiotics were more common in heavily colonized patients. Outcomes of heavily colonized patients were worse as compared to the control group with statistical significance in 1-year mortality (53% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.001) and borderline statistical significance in candidemia rate (12.6% vs. 7.1%, p = 0.07). Risk factors for 1-year mortality were significant colonization of Candida in stool, older age and recent use of antibiotics. In conclusion, significant stool burden of Candida among hospitalized hemato-oncology patients may pose a risk for 1-year mortality and increased candidemia rate.

PMID:37294507 | DOI:10.1007/s11046-023-00758-6

J Behav Med. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s10865-023-00420-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the effect of yoga on the frequency of MetS and its impact on cardiovascular risk markers in climacteric women. We recruited 84 sedentary women between 40 and 65 years diagnosed with MetS. Participants were randomly assigned to a 24-week yoga intervention or control group. We evaluated the frequency of MetS and changes in the individual components of MetS at baseline and after 24 weeks. We also assessed the impact of yoga practices on cardiovascular risk through the following markers: High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP). The frequency of MetS reduced significantly after 24 weeks of yoga practice (- 34.1%; p < 0.001). Statistical analysis showed that the frequency of MetS was significantly lower in the yoga group (65.9%; n = 27) than in the control group (93.0%; n = 40) after 24 weeks (p = 0.002). Regarding the individual components of MetS, yoga practitioners had statistically lower waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, HDLc, and glucose serum concentrations than the control group after 24 weeks. Yoga practitioners also had a significant decrease in hs-CRP serum concentrations (3.27 ± 2.95 mg/L vs. 2.52 ± 2.14 mg/L; p = 0.040) and a lower frequency of moderate or high cardiovascular risk (48.8% vs. 34.1%; p = 0.001) after 24 weeks of practice. The yoga group had LAP values significantly lower than the control group after the intervention period (55.8 ± 38.04 vs. 73.9 ± 40.7; p = 0.039). Yoga practice demonstrated to be an effective therapeutic to manage MetS and reduce cardiovascular risk in climacteric women.

PMID:37294473 | DOI:10.1007/s10865-023-00420-y

Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023 Jun 9;38(1):166. doi: 10.1007/s00384-023-04466-x.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The effect of preoperative endoscopic tattooing (ET) on accurate colorectal cancer localization and resection has been well established. However, its effect on lymph node (LN) retrieval remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to systematically compare LN retrieval between patients with colorectal cancer who underwent preoperative ET and those who did not.

METHODS: A systematic search for relevant studies was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Studies that compared LN retrieval in patients with colorectal cancer with and without preoperative ET were included. Weighted pooled odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all outcomes using the random-effects model were calculated.

RESULTS: 10 studies, including 2231 patients with colorectal cancer were included. Six studies reported total LN yield and showed significantly higher LN yield in the tattooed group (MD:2.61; 95% CI:1.01-4.21, P=0.001). Seven studies reported the number of patients with adequate LN retrieval and showed a significantly higher number of patients with adequate LN retrieval in the tattooed group (OR:1.89, 95% CI:1.08-3.32, P=0.03). However, subgroup analysis revealed that both outcomes were only statistically significant in patients with rectal cancer, and not in patients with colon cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that preoperative ET is associated with increased LN retrieval in patients with rectal cancer, but not in colon cancer. Further large-scale randomized control trials are necessary to validate our findings.

PMID:37294461 | DOI:10.1007/s00384-023-04466-x

J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s44197-023-00125-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although many studies have assessed the socioeconomic inequalities caused by COVID-19 in several health outcomes, there are numerous issues that have been poorly addressed. For instance, have socioeconomic inequalities in mortality from COVID-19 increased? What impact has the pandemic had on inequalities in specific causes of mortality other than COVID-19? Are the inequalities in COVID-19 mortality different from other causes? In this paper we have attempted to answer these questions for the case of Spain.

METHODS: We used a mixed longitudinal ecological design in which we observed mortality from 2005 to 2020 in the 54 provinces into which Spain is divided. We considered mortality from all causes, not excluding, and excluding mortality from COVID-19; and cause-specific mortality. We were interested in analysing the trend of the outcome variables according to inequality, controlling for both observed and unobserved confounders.

RESULTS: Our main finding was that the increased risk of dying in 2020 was greater in the Spanish provinces with greater inequality. In addition, we have found that: (i) the pandemic has exacerbated socioeconomic inequalities in mortality, (ii) COVID-19 has led to gender differences in the variations in risk of dying (higher in the case of women) and (iii) only in cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer did the increased risk of dying differ between the most and least unequal provinces. The increase in the risk of dying was different by gender (greater in women) for cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

CONCLUSION: Our results can be used to help health authorities know where and in which population groups future pandemics will have the greatest impact and, therefore, be able to take appropriate measures to prevent such effects.

PMID:37294460 | DOI:10.1007/s44197-023-00125-0

Swiss Dent J. 2023 Jun 9;133(11). Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This evaluation assessed the influence of a new implant shoulder design on cleanability using a now established in-vitro study model. Eight test (Botticelli, Di Meliora AG, Basel, Switzerland) and eight control implants (T3 Osseotite, ZimVie, Winterthur, Switzerland), were embedded in standardized defects in simulated bone. The implant surfaces were painted to be visually distinguishable and debrided with ultrasonic instruments (US) and an air powder waterjet device (AIR). Uncleaned implants served as positive controls. After the standardized cleaning, the implants were photographed and divided into three zones (upper marginal shoulder zone (A); lower marginal shoulder zone (B); fully threaded sub-shoulder zone (C)), and analyzed with an image processing software. On test implants, AIR was almost 100% efficacious compared to 80-90% with US, in both upper zones (A/B). In control implants, results of both AIR and US were almost 100% in zone A, but only 55-75% in zone B. In both implants, AIR showed statistically significant higher efficacy than US (P<0.05). Within the limitations of the present in-vitro model, a new macro-structured micro-rough dental implant shoulder with a new coronal vertical groove design shows similar cleanability in comparison to a smooth and machined surface.

PMID:37293828

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2023 Jun 9. doi: 10.1111/jce.15965. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) represent a challenging population for rhythm control therapies. Catheter ablation (CA) with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an effective treatment option for the reduction of the arrhythmic burden. Data regarding the comparability between radiofrequency (RF) and cryoballoon ablation (CRYO) in persistent AF are limited.

METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized, single-center study designed to compare the efficacy in terms of rhythm control between RF and CRYO in persistent AF. Eligible participants were randomized 2:1 in two arms: RF and CRYO. The primary endpoint of the study was arrhythmia relapse in the early postprocedural period (first 3 months) and in the middle term follow-up (3 months to 12 months). Secondary endpoints included procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, and complications.

RESULTS: A total of 199 patients participated in the study (133 patients in the RF arm, 66 in the CRYO arm). No statistically significant difference occurred between the two groups regarding the primary endpoint (recurrences ≤3 months: 35.5% RF vs. 37.9% CRYO, p .755, recurrences >3 months: 26.3% RF vs. 27.3% CRYO, p .999). From the secondary endpoints, CRYO was a procedure of significantly shorter duration (75.15 ± 17.21 in CRYO vs. 136.6 ± 43.33 in RF group, p < .05).

CONCLUSION: CRYO and RF ablation appear to be equally effective for rhythm control in patients with persistent AF. CRYO ablation is advantageous in terms of procedure duration.

PMID:37293822 | DOI:10.1111/jce.15965