Tag: nevin manimala

J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2025 May;18(3):197-202. doi: 10.1177/19345798251324453. Epub 2025 Mar 14.

ABSTRACT

BackgroundDue to the scarcity of available data on the association between isolated oligohydramnios and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA), we undertook a meta-analysis to investigate this relationship.MethodsPubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct were systematically queried up to February 26, 2024. Analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated among studies utilizing the chi-square test (χ²) and the I² statistic. Additionally, we conducted regression tests including Egger’s and Begg’s tests to assess publication bias. We employed the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess the quality of observational articles. Statistical significance was set at a p-value less than 0.05 using Stata software, version 13.ResultsIn the present meta-analysis, seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The association between isolated oligohydramnios at term and the risk of SGA in crude studies was 2.22 (95% CI: 1.49, 2.94; I² = 82.5%). Conversely, in adjusted studies, the association was 2.18 (95% CI: 1.78, 2.57; I² = 0.0%).ConclusionThe present meta-analysis indicates that isolated oligohydramnios is a significant risk factor for the SGA. Therefore, monitoring to diagnose SGA should be done in mothers with isolated oligohydramnios.

PMID:40903806 | DOI:10.1177/19345798251324453

J Prosthodont. 2025 Sep 3. doi: 10.1111/jopr.70021. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Stress is a significant concern in healthcare professions, impacting both physiological and psychological well-being. In the field of dentistry, stress among practitioners is well-documented; however, there is a notable gap in understanding stress levels specifically within postgraduate prosthodontic training programs. The study hypothesis aimed to assess perceived stress levels among prosthodontic residents and, secondarily, identify associated risk factors, while exploring stress management strategies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, mixed-methods design was employed, utilizing a modified version of the Graduate Dental Environment Stress (GDES) survey along with qualitative open-ended questions. REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture), a secure, web-based software platform designed to support data capture for research studies, was used for instrument design, data management, and storage. A REDCap Survey link was distributed to prosthodontic program directors across North America, with the intention of distributing it to their residents. Responses were recorded via a Likert scale for the quantitative assessment and through narrative responses for the qualitative assessment. A score of 76 was determined to be the threshold value at or above which the participants were considered stressed. Descriptive summaries were used to characterize the participants. The main study outcome was presented as a percentage of the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). The assessment of risk factors of stress among the study population was done by using a logistic regression model, and coping mechanisms were tagged via open coding and presented as themes. SAS statistical software package was used.

RESULTS: A response rate of 13.2% indicated that over a third of postgraduate prosthodontic residents experienced high levels of stress, as defined by a GDES score ≥76. A risk factor for stress was identified as the year of study. Qualitative analysis revealed common themes in stress management strategies, with exercise, socializing, and spending time with family members being the most prevalent.

CONCLUSION: The findings of high perceived stress among prosthodontic residents included “Lack of time for leisure activities” followed by “Lack of adequate staff in the clinics” and “Neglect of personal life” being the highest reported stressors. Stress management strategies such as “Self-care,” “Time management,” and “Connecting with others” highlight the importance of proactive strategies to manage stress. By understanding the factors contributing to stress and effective coping mechanisms, stakeholders can better support their residents.

PMID:40903804 | DOI:10.1111/jopr.70021

Eur J Med Res. 2025 Sep 3;30(1):841. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-03086-1.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) levels and the severity of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and to identify potential risk factors in severe DFU patients. Understanding this relationship could offer insights into mechanisms underlying DFU progression and inform diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

METHODS: This prospective observational study included 195 DFU patients from January 2023 to May 2024, categorized into mild and severe groups using the Wagner classification system. Serum NRF2 and C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured at multiple timepoints during treatment. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, were performed to evaluate NRF2’s diagnostic value and its association with DFU severity.

RESULTS: We found that severe DFU patients had significantly lower serum NRF2 levels and higher serum IL-6, IL-17, and CRP levels compared to those in the mild group. NRF2 levels were negatively correlated with IL-6 levels. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that NRF2 was a reliable screening biomarker for severe DFU, with notable sensitivity and specificity. In addition, logistic regression identified reduced NRF2 levels as an independent risk factor for severe DFU.

CONCLUSIONS: Serum NRF2 levels could serve as a valuable screening biomarker for identifying severe DFU cases. Integrating NRF2 measurements with other biomarkers could improve patient stratification and clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to validate its role and therapeutic potential in DFU management.

PMID:40903783 | DOI:10.1186/s40001-025-03086-1

Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol. 2025 Sep 4;11(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s40748-025-00220-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Women who do not gain enough weight during pregnancy had increased risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, prematurity, a longer hospital stay, and consequently, higher health-related costs. However, research on gestational weight gain and its determinants is scarce in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess adequate gestational weight gain and its determinant factors among pregnant women who had ANC follow-up visits at public health facilities in Debre Markos town, Northwest Ethiopia.

METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. The Ethiopian National Antenatal Guideline (ENAG) was used to define Gestational Weight Gain (GWG). A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 532 study participants. Data was entered into Epidata Version 3.1 and exported into SPSS Version 25 for statistical analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between the outcome variable and independent variables. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to report the strength of the association.

RESULTS: This study found that 30.9% (95% CI: 27.0, 34.7) of women gained adequate gestational weight. Number of ANC visits (AOR = 5.9, 95% CI: 3.02, 14.7), Meal frequency (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.56, 6.67), and consumption of animal source foods at least once per week (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.47, 4.90) were statistically associated with adequate weight gain.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Nearly one-third of pregnant women gain adequate gestational weight. Women who had frequent ANC visits, meal frequency, and consumption of animal source foods at least once per week were significantly associated with adequate gestational weight gain. Women centered nutritional counseling and support is essential to improve weight gain during pregnancy.

PMID:40903780 | DOI:10.1186/s40748-025-00220-z

Microb Cell Fact. 2025 Sep 3;24(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12934-025-02827-5.

ABSTRACT

Diminishing the productivity of Taxol by the potential fungi with storage is the key hurdle that impedes their applications to be an industrial platform for Taxol production. Thus, exploring of a fungal isolate with a reliable robustness for Taxol biosynthesis is the objective of this study. Although, Encephalartos bubalinus has diverse ethnopharmaceutical properties, however, the identity of its endophytic fungi remains poorly explored. Therefore, the endophytic fungi inhabiting this plant has been isolated and characterized, and their Taxol productivity was assessed. Amesia nigricolor OR364127.1, an endophyte of E. bubalinus, was characterized as the potent biologically active and Taxol producer (105 μg/l). The sample identity was resolved from the HPLC, FT-IR and MS/MS analysis, with the molecular mass/ fragmentation pattern was identical to authentic one. The extracted Taxol of A. nigricolor had a strong activity against the HepG2 (IC₅₀ 19 nM) and MCF7 (IC₅₀ 23 nM) with a selectivity index 13.2 and 11.9 to the normal Vero cells. Taxol of A. nigricolor had a powerful anti-wound healing, and apoptotic properties, with ability to stop the G2/M cell cycle, ensuring their consistent biological activity to the authentic one. The Taxol yield by A. nigricolor was enhanced by 2 folds (205.2 μg/l), with the statistical bioprocessing by CCD. The half-life time for production of Taxol by A. nigricolor was more than 10 months, that being higher than those reported for various Taxol-producing fungi, ensuring the relative stability of the biosynthetic machinery of Taxol by A. nigricolor with storage as solid cultures at 4°C. A relative restoring to the Taxol productivity by A. nigricolor was noticed with ethylacetate extract of E. bubalinus, ensuring the presence of chemical signals inducing Taxol productivity by A. nigricolor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recorded endophytic fungus “A. nigricolor EFBL-AG” with a relative stability of Taxol biosynthetic machinery.

PMID:40903778 | DOI:10.1186/s12934-025-02827-5

Mil Med Res. 2025 Sep 3;12(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s40779-025-00645-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The level of premature deaths (deaths among those aged 30-69 years) caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control. However, the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths, and their impact on life expectancy at the global, regional, and national levels are not clear.

METHODS: Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database. High-quality cancer mortality data and national population statistics for 47 countries were extracted from the United Nations and national cancer registry databases, covering the period 2003-2022. Countries were classified based on the human development index (HDI). The death probability, the year of life lost (YLL), and the potential gain in life expectancy (PGLE) attributable to premature deaths from site-specific and all-cancers combined were calculated.

RESULTS: Globally, the probability of premature cancer deaths was 6.49% (95% UI 6.49-6.50). The YLLs caused by cancer-related premature death were 163.86 million (95% UI 163.70-164.03), constituting 65.58% of the total cancer-related YLLs. The PGLEs were 1.16 years (95% UI 1.16-1.16). The premature death probability increased with higher HDI levels in men, but decreased in women. Cancer-related premature deaths as a proportion of total cancer deaths varied from 18.31% (95% UI 18.20-18.43) in Japan to 84.44% (95% UI 76.10-91.16) in São Tomé and Príncipe. Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related premature deaths in men, and breast cancer ranked first in women. By eradicating premature deaths attributable to lung, liver, colorectal, and stomach cancer in men, and to breast, cervical, and lung cancer in women, 0.55 years (95% UI 0.55-0.55) and 0.49 years (95% UI 0.49-0.49) of PGLEs could be achieved, accounting for 48.67% and 42.24% of the total PGLEs, respectively. Cancer-related premature deaths decreased significantly in 38 countries during 2003-2022 (P < 0.05). The probability of premature cancer-related deaths decreased by more than 15.50% from 2015 to 2022 in 16 countries.

CONCLUSIONS: Cancer-related premature deaths declined in many countries, with 16 of them having achieved the expected reduction by 2022. The current burden of cancer-related premature deaths is profound but varies around the world. Eliminating premature deaths from major cancer types could substantially increase life expectancy, underscoring the importance of prevention and treatment efforts for these cancers.

PMID:40903768 | DOI:10.1186/s40779-025-00645-9

Eur J Med Res. 2025 Sep 3;30(1):839. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-03106-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-to-HDL-C ratio (NHR) has recently emerged as a composite biomarker integrating lipid metabolism and inflammatory status. Nevertheless, its potential association with the risk of gout or hyperuricemia remains inadequately explored. The present study aimed to examine the possible link between NHR and both conditions.

METHODS: This study included 31,117 eligible adults from the 2007-2018 NHANES database in the United States. Participants were categorized into NHR quartiles, and weighted multivariate logistic regression along with restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses was performed to assess its association with gout and hyperuricemia risk. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the robustness and heterogeneity of the association across different subpopulations. All analyses were weighted to guarantee the generalizability of the findings to the national population.

RESULTS: A positive correlation was observed between NHR and the risk of both gout and hyperuricemia. As NHR levels increased, the proportion of participants with gout or hyperuricemia rose significantly-specifically, the prevalence of gout was 2.46%, 3.69%, 4.24%, and 5.79% (p < 0.001), and for hyperuricemia, it was 13.63%, 17.38%, 20.65%, and 26.08% (p < 0.001), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that, in the unadjusted Model 1 analysis, each 1-unit increase in NHR was associated with a 5.1% higher risk of gout (OR = 1.051, 95% CI 1.036-1.069, p < 0.001) and a 5.8% higher risk of hyperuricemia (OR = 1.058, 95% CI 1.051-1.066, p < 0.001). The positive association remained stable and statistically significant after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Further RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear trend in the relationship between NHR and both conditions, with a potential risk threshold of approximately 16, beyond which the risk of disease increased substantially. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the NHR had better discriminatory performance than either HDL-C or NEU alone in predicting hyperuricemia (AUC = 0.682) and gout (AUC = 0.81).

CONCLUSION: NHR showed a significant association with the risk of gout and hyperuricemia, demonstrating a nonlinear dose-response pattern. NHR may serve as a promising inflammation-metabolism marker for the early identification of individuals at risk for uric acid-related disorders.

PMID:40903753 | DOI:10.1186/s40001-025-03106-0

BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Sep 3;25(1):1183. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-13318-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Perinatal anxiety is a significant public health issue with potential adverse outcomes for both mothers and their babies. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the costs associated with health service use for women with and without perinatal anxiety in the UK National Health Service (NHS) at six and twelve months postpartum. This research is part of the MAP Alliance Study-a large programme of research on perinatal anxiety.

METHODS: A cost of illness (COI) analysis was performed using a retrospective approach in which recorded data of self-reported health resource use was analysed. The COI analysis identified the different components of costs and the size of the contribution of each health resource and quantified the direct costs incurred by the NHS due to perinatal anxiety.

RESULTS: Results found that women experiencing perinatal anxiety use healthcare services more frequently and incur higher healthcare costs compared to those without. At six months postpartum, the mean total healthcare cost per woman with perinatal anxiety was £1174 (95% CI: 1080.67, 1263.05) compared with £1046 (95% CI: 975.16, 1123.83) for women without. At twelve months postpartum, the mean total healthcare cost per woman with perinatal anxiety was £414 (95% CI: 347.76, 488.87) compared with £267 (95% CI: 226.06, 314.81) for women without. However, this cost difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (-£14; 95% CI: -161.88, 135.65, p = 0.808).

CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the economic impact of perinatal anxiety on healthcare systems and highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve care pathways for affected women. The results of this analysis have significant implications for public health policy, emphasising the importance of optimising perinatal mental health care pathways to reduce long-term costs and improve outcomes for women.

PMID:40903747 | DOI:10.1186/s12913-025-13318-z

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Sep 3;25(1):1401. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06813-6.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of post-polymerization time and curing device type on the surface roughness, microhardness and color change of 3D printed permanent resin materials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, permanent resin samples with a layer print thickness of 50 μm and dimensions of 10 × 2 mm3 were produced on SLA and DLP printers. The samples were post-polymerized in blue LED and UV LED curing devices for 10, 20, 40 and 60 min. Initial surface roughness, microhardness and color values of all polymerized samples were measured. The samples were then aged (5000 cycles) and surface roughness, microhardness and color values were measured again. Data were evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.05).

RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in surface roughness when the samples produced in SLA and DLP printer were polymerized using blue LED and UV LED curing device for different durations (p > 0.05). The samples produced in SLA printer showed higher microhardness value when polymerized with UV LED for longer time (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the microhardness values of DLP samples when polymerized with blue LED and UV LED (p > 0.05). When the samples produced in SLA and DLP printer were polymerized using blue LED and UV LED curing device for different durations, the color change and whiteness index increased as the post-polymerization time increased (p < 0.05). The surface roughness of the samples after aging did not change statistically significantly, while the microhardness value decreased (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The post-polymerization time and the type of polymerization device do not affect the surface roughness of the 3D printed samples, but increase the microhardness value. Post-polymerization time increases the color change and whiteness index values of the samples. Post-polymerization of 3D printer permanent resin materials has an effect on the mechanical and optical properties of the material.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The post polymerization time of 3D resin materials and the type of curing device change the microhardness, color change and surface roughness of the material. This may affect the clinical success of the restoration.

PMID:40903740 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06813-6

BMC Surg. 2025 Sep 3;25(1):407. doi: 10.1186/s12893-025-03156-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As the population of Japan continues to age rapidly, an increasing number of patients aged ≥ 80 years are undergoing surgery for gastric cancer. Although minimally invasive techniques have improved surgical safety, operative risks in the super-elderly population (≥ 85 years) remain a significant concern.

METHODS: This retrospective, single-center study analyzed 72 patients aged ≥ 80 years who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer at our hospital between January 2014 and August 2024. Patients were stratified into two groups: the super-elderly group (≥ 85 years, n = 26) and the younger-elderly group (80-84 years, n = 46). Clinical characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: The mean age was 83.7 (range: 80-93) years. Comorbidities were common, particularly cardiovascular disease (19.4%) and diabetes mellitus (27.8%). Compared with the younger-elderly group, the super-elderly group had a longer preoperative hospital stay (5.8 vs. 4.5 days) but a shorter overall hospital stay (14.3 vs. 21.1 days). Minimally invasive surgery was less frequently performed in the super-elderly group (42.3% vs. 56.5%). Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ 2 occurred in 40.3% of all patients, with a lower incidence in the super-elderly group (34.6% vs. 43.5%). Mortality from non-cancer-related causes did not differ significantly between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS: With appropriate preoperative optimization, gastrectomy can be performed safely in patients aged ≥ 85 years. Individualized treatment strategies that account for comorbidities are essential for achieving favorable outcomes in this expanding population.

PMID:40903729 | DOI:10.1186/s12893-025-03156-5