Tag: nevin manimala

J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2023 May 30:S1058-2746(23)00425-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.030. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing a total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) through a deltopectoral approach will require repair of the subscapularis tendon. There are no universal postoperative guidelines for rehabilitation of the subscapularis specifically. We hypothesize that the addition of a subscapularis-specific regimen will result in improved subscapularis strength and function.

METHODS: Adult patients undergoing anatomic TSA for the treatment of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis were included. Patients were randomized into either the traditional rehabilitation (TR) control group or the subscapularis rehabilitation (SR) group, which consisted of the traditional therapy along with early and additional subscapularis exercises. Baseline demographics, patient reported outcome measures(PROMs), range of motion (ROM), provocative tests, and subscapularis strength using a handheld dynamometer were measured preoperatively at the initial clinic visit (ICV) as well as 3-months, 6-months, and one-year postoperatively. The primary outcome of interest was a comparison of subscapularis strength between cohorts relative to preoperative baseline, while secondary outcomes were functional, ROM and PROMs.

RESULTS: Sixty-six patients were included in final analysis (32 TR vs 34 SR). There were no statistically significant differences between cohorts at the ICV with regards to demographics, baseline subscapularis strength, functional testing, or PROMs. All postoperative time points demonstrated similar subscapularis strength testing between TR and SR groups (p>0.05). Additionally, peak and average subscapularis strength testing at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were similar to baseline ICV testing in both groups. Both groups demonstrated improvements across several provocative tests, ROM and PROM outcome metrics at every postoperative timepoint as compared to baseline ICV values (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty return to baseline internal rotation strength by 3-months postoperatively and demonstrate significant improvements in function, range of motion, and several patient reported outcome measures. The addition of early and focused subscapularis strengthening exercises does not appear to significantly impact any outcomes when compared to traditional rehabilitation programs.

PMID:37263480 | DOI:10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.030

J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2023 May 30:S1058-2746(23)00415-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.020. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing primary or revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using custom 3D printed components to manage severe glenoid bone loss with a minimum of 2-year follow-up.

METHODS: Following ethical approval (ref: 17/YH/0318), patients were identified and invited to participate. Inclusion criteria were: 1) severe glenoid bone loss necessitating the need for custom implants; and 2) patients with definitive glenoid and humeral components implanted more than 2 years prior. Included patients underwent clinical assessment utilizing the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), Constant-Murley score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES), and quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Score (QuickDASH). Radiographic assessment included AP and axial projections. Patients were invited to attend a CT scan to confirm osseointegration. Statistical analysis utilized descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and paired t test for parametric data.

RESULTS: Eleven patients declined to participate. 5 patients were deceased prior to study commencement, leaving 42 remaining patients in this analysis. Three patients had revision surgery prior to the 2-year follow-up. Of these, 2/3 retained their custom glenoid components. Mean follow-up was 31.6 months from surgery (range 24-52 months). OSS improved from a mean 15 (SD±8.4) to 36 (SD±12) (p < 0.001). Constant-Murley score improved from mean 15 (SD± 11.2) to 52 (SD± 20.1) (p < 0.001). QuickDASH improved from mean 70 (SD ±21) to 31 (SD ±24.8) (p = 0.004). ASES improved from mean 22 (SD± 17.8) to 71 (SD ±23.3) (p = 0.007). Radiological evaluation demonstrated good osseointegration in all but one included patient.

CONCLUSION: The utility of custom 3D-printed components for managing severe glenoid bone loss in primary and revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty yields significant clinical improvements in this complex cohort. Large complex glenoid bone defects can be managed successfully with custom 3D-printed glenoid components.

PMID:37263477 | DOI:10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.020

Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 30:164505. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164505. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Oil-based paint seriously threatens biodiversity due to its complex composition and biocide toxicity. Therefore, it alters the microbial diversity abundance and in modern approaches like metagenomic, a powerful tool to get insight into pollutants effect on soil microbial community abundance. Thus, present study aimed at “exploring community dynamics: cultivable and uncultivable for the microbial-mediated bioremediation of oil-based paints polluted soil from aqueous media by Plackett-Burman statistical designed conditions”. The total DNA from oil-based paints polluted soil was extracted by PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit. The 16S rDNA genes were amplified using universal primers and PCR amplicons were sequenced for analysis of metagenomes to determine the bacterial microbiome abundance. A total 133,140 sequence reads, 2857 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) of 16S rRNA genes, and 30 bacterial phyla were retrieved from all the oil-based paints polluted samples (C, R498, B698 and G492) with the significant increase in Firmicutes (18.90 %, 52.39 %, 49.75 %, 44.36 %) and Actinobacteria (26.66 %, 28.93 %, 28.17 %, 14.68 %) whereas a decrease in Proteobacteria (19.53 %, 6.32 %, 9.37 %, 16.21 %), Chloroflexi (16.93 %, 8.71 %, 9.78 %, 18.17 %), and Bacteroidetes (8.96 %, 0.36 %, 0.41 %, 0.11 %) was recorded respectively. Additionally, the 100 % removal of oil-based paints (R498, B698 and G492) was achieved by the cultivable microbial consortia in laboratory settings. On the other hand for the R498 single cultivable pure isolates exhibited biodegradation potential as “PDB20, 91 %”, “PDB14, 81 %”, and “PDB16, 87 %” while for the blue B698, “PDB4, 86 %”, “PDB20, 89 %”, “PDB5, and PDB2, 80%”. Moreover, in case of G492, maximum % removal was achieved with “PDB20, 93 %”, “PDB5, 90 %”, “PDB6, 90 %”, “PDB16, 88 %”, “PDB2, and PDB4, 89%”. Conclusively, in comparison to R498 and B698, maximum percent removal was displayed by G492 and this might be attributed due to difference in pigment. Cultivable consortia and individual pure isolates demonstrated >80 % contribution in the % removal of oil-based paints.

PMID:37263438 | DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164505

Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 30:164564. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164564. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The Campos de Palmas Wildlife Refuge (CPWR) (Brazil) is a full protection Conservation Unit (CU) formed by private properties, where the use of land and natural resources are allowed sustainably according to the rules of the CU Management Plan. Inadequate practices of land use and occupation within this CU can affect its quality and the organisms that depend on them. Considering the above, the objective of the present study was to biomonitor different land uses and occupations within the CPWR and its surroundings, during the four seasons of a year, using the bioindicators Allium cepa (cytotoxicity and genotoxicity tests) and Eisenia fetida (leakage test). The soil samples were collected in areas of silviculture, agriculture, and native grasslands within the CU and agriculture outside the limits of the CPWR. The use by silviculture (spring) and native grassland (summer) showed cytotoxic effects for A. cepa. The use by agriculture outside the CPWR (spring) showed genotoxic effect and stimulation of mitotic cell division. For the animal bioindicator, the use by agriculture within the CPWR (winter), native grassland (autumn and spring), silviculture (autumn and spring), and agriculture outside the CU (spring) showed a toxic effect. A PCA analysis showed a correlation between the results of toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity with the presence of macronutrients and metals in the evaluated soil samples. Possibly influenced by their soil composition characteristics (silviculture and native grassland) or the management of agricultural areas. In addition, samples from the rainy season (spring) showed higher ecotoxicity. These results show that biomonitoring through different organisms is important for evaluating environmental quality and indicate the need for the implementation of preventive measures in the CPWR to avoid the toxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects found. They also ensure the integrity of this CU and the active protection of the environment and biodiversity.

PMID:37263429 | DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164564

J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2023 Jun 1:e14056. doi: 10.1002/acm2.14056. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to reduce scan time in ¹⁷⁷ Lu planar scintigraphy through the use of convolutional neural network (CNN) to facilitate personalized dosimetry for ¹⁷⁷ Lu-based peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.

METHODS: The CNN model used in this work was based on DenseNet, and the training and testing datasets were generated from Monte Carlo simulation. The CNN input images (IMG_input ) consisted of ¹⁷⁷ Lu planar scintigraphy that contained 10-90% of the total photon counts, while the corresponding full-count images (IMG^100% ) were used as the CNN label images. Two-sample t-test was conducted to compare the difference in pixel intensities within region of interest between IMG^100% and CNN output images (IMG_output ).

RESULTS: No difference was found in IMG_output for rods with diameters ranging from 13 to 33 mm in the Derenzo phantom with a target-to-background ratio of 20:1, while statistically significant differences were found in IMG_output for the 10-mm diameter rods when IMG_input containing 10% to 60% of the total photon counts were denoised. Statistically significant differences were found in IMG_output for both right and left kidneys in the NCAT phantom when IMG_input containing 10% of the total photon counts were denoised. No statistically significant differences were found in IMG_output for any other source organs in the NCAT phantom.

CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the proposed method can reduce scan time by up to 70% for objects larger than 13 mm, making it a useful tool for personalized dosimetry in ¹⁷⁷ Lu-based peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in clinical practice.

PMID:37261890 | DOI:10.1002/acm2.14056

Andrology. 2023 Jun 1. doi: 10.1111/andr.13470. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hyperestrogenism is believed to be harmful to male sexuality. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and the impact of hyperestrogenism on sexual functioning in a cohort of men seeking medical attention for new onset erectile dysfunction (ED).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 547 men seeking first medical help for new-onset ED at a single andrology center were analyzed. Patients were assessed with a thorough medical and sexual history. Comorbidities were scored with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). All patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF); the IIEF-Erectile function (IIEF-EF) domain was categorized according to Cappelleri’s criteria. Circulating hormones were measured in every patient. Hyperestrogenism was defined as estradiol (E₂ ) levels >42.6 pg/mL (Tan RS, et al. 2015). Descriptive statistics and logistic/linear regression models tested the association between hyperestrogenism and IIEF domains score.

RESULTS: Overall, 96 (17.6%) participants had serum estrogen levels suggestive of hyperestrogenism. Men with hyperestrogenism were older [median (IQR) 46 (35-59) vs. 44 (31-56) years; p<0.001], had higher rate of comorbidities [CCI≥1: 26.0% vs. 7.4%; p<0.001] and higher serum total testosterone (tT) values [5.4 (5.2-8.0) vs. 4.3 (4.1-5.7) ng/mL; p = 0.01] than those with normal E2 values. A higher prevalence of severe ED [135 (29.9%) vs. 47 (48.9%) men; p = 0.01] and of hypogonadism [22 (4.8%) vs. 6 (6.3%) men; p = 0.004] were found in men with hyperestrogenism. Serum E₂ levels were positively correlated with tT levels (ß 0.26, p<0.001), but negatively correlated with IIEF-OF (ß -0.24, p = 0.002) and IIEF-EF scores (ß -0.03, p<0.001). When IIEF scores were used to stratify ED patients, hyperestrogenism (OR 2.44, p = 0.02) was associated with severe ED.

CONCLUSIONS: One out of five men seeking first medical help for ED showed elevated serum E₂ values suggestive for hyperestrogenism. Hyperestrogenism was associated with health significant comorbidities, orgasmic function impairment, and ED severity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:37261881 | DOI:10.1111/andr.13470

J Proteome Res. 2023 Jun 1. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00176. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) among discoveries from a tandem mass spectrometry proteomics experiment using target decoy competition (TDC) controls only the proportion of false discoveries in an average sense. Thus, for any particular analysis, even with a valid FDR control procedure, the proportion of false discoveries (the FDP) may be higher than the specified FDR threshold. We demonstrate this phenomenon using real data and describe two recently developed methods that help bridge the gap between controlling the expected or average rate of false discoveries and the empirical rate (FDP). The FDP Stepdown method controls the FDP at any desired confidence level, and the TDC Uniform Band provides a confidence, or upper prediction bound, on the FDP in TDC’s list of discoveries.

PMID:37261867 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00176

Echocardiography. 2023 Jun 1. doi: 10.1111/echo.15632. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although measures of longitudinal displacement of the tricuspid annulus measured by M-mode as tricuspid annular systolic plane excursion (TAPSE) and systolic velocity by tissue Doppler imaging (TA TDI s) are routinely used for assessment of right ventricular (RV) systolic function; these measures describe different phenomena and should not be used interchangeably.

METHODS: Previously published data was used to determine the individual relationship between TAPSE and TA TDI s with increasing pulmonary artery systolic pressures (PASP).

RESULTS: In this retrospective analysis, 488 patients were divided into 2 groups based on TAPSE (Group 1: <1.8 cm and Group 2: ≥1.8 cm). A robust correlation (R = .79) between TAPSE and TA TDI s noted for the entire population. However, a statistically lower correlation (R = .43) was seen between Group 1 and Group 2 (R = .65; p < .0047). With increasing pulmonary pressures, only PASP (p < .0001) and TA TDI s (p < .0001) discriminated between low and normal TAPSE/PASP values. Suggesting that a TA TDI s/PASP ratio would be most useful than TAPSE/PASP with a specificity of 80%.

CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences exist between TAPSE and TA TDI s, particularly at low TAPSE values with increased PASP, were uncoupling occurs. Our data seems to suggest that TA TDI s/PASP would be most useful than TAPSE/PASP ratio. Future studies should address, if abnormalities in the material properties along the RV free wall account for these differences seen between TAPSE and TA TDI s.

PMID:37261862 | DOI:10.1111/echo.15632

Scand J Pain. 2023 Jun 1. doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2023-0006. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Long-standing neck pain (LNP) is a clinical condition frequently encountered in the physical therapy clinic. LNP is a complex, multifactorial condition affecting multiple body systems including the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Traditionally, research on the impact of physical therapy on LNP has focused on self-report measures and pain scales. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an objective measure of the ANS, allowing for quantification of effects of treatment. This systematic review is intended to evaluate if manual therapy acutely affects heart rate variability in adults with long-standing neck pain.

METHODS: Pubmed, Medline, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane library were used to retrieve the randomized controlled trials for this review between the years 2010-2021. Search terms included: chronic neck pain, neck pain, cervical pain, manual therapy, mobilization, manipulation, osteopathy, osteopathic or chiropractic. Heart rate variability, HRV, heart rate variation, effects, outcomes, benefits, impacts or effectiveness.

RESULTS: Of 139 articles located and screened, three full-text articles were selected for full qualitative synthesis, with a combined population of 112 subjects, 91 of which were female, with an average age of 33.7 ± 6.8 years for all subjects. MT techniques in three studies were statistically significant in improving HRV in people with LNP; however, techniques were differed across studies, while one study showed no benefit. The studies were found to be of high quality with PEDro scores ≥6.

CONCLUSIONS: Although no clear cause and effect relationship can be established between improvement in HRV with manual therapy, results supported the use of MT for an acute reduction in HRV. No one particular method of MT has proven superior, MT has been found to produce a statistically significant change in HRV. These HRV changes are consistent with decreased sympathetic tone and subjective pain.

PMID:37261845 | DOI:10.1515/sjpain-2023-0006

J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2023 Jun 1:1-13. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214216. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Almost a billion people worldwide suffer from neurological disorders, which pose public health challenges. An important enzyme that is well-known for many neurodegenerative illnesses is monoamine oxidase (MAO). Although several promising drugs for the treatment of MAO inhibition have recently been examined, it is still necessary to identify the precise structural requirements for robust efficacy. Atom-based, field-based, and GA-MLR (genetic algorithm multiple linear regression) models were created for this investigation. All of the models have strong statistical (R² and Q²) foundations because of both internal and external validation. Our dataset’s molecule has a higher docking score than safinamide, a well-known and co-crystallized MAO-B inhibitor, as we also noticed. Using the SwissSimilarity platform, we further inquired which of our docked molecules would be the best for screening. We chose ZINC000016952895 as the screen molecule with the best binding docking score (XP score = -13.3613). Finally, the 100 ns for the ZINC000016952895-MAO-B complex in our MD investigations is stable. For compounds that we hit, also anticipate ADME properties. Our research revealed that the successful compound ZINC000016952895 might pave the way for the future development of MAO inhibitors for the treatment of neurological disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

PMID:37261844 | DOI:10.1080/07391102.2023.2214216