Tag: nevin manimala

J Orthod. 2023 Jun 2:14653125231176575. doi: 10.1177/14653125231176575. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine differences in the location of centre of resistance (Cres) between functional and hypofunctional teeth and to evaluate the relationship between the pulp cavity volume and locations of the Cres, using the finite element (FE) method.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

PARTICIPANTS: FE models of right maxillary central incisor, derived from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 46 participants, were divided into normal function (n = 23) and hypofunction (n = 23) groups using anterior overbite and cephalometric measurements.

METHODS: Measurements of the tooth and pulp cavity volume were made from CBCT. Cres levels were presented as percentages of the root length from the root’s apex. All data were analysed and compared using the independent t-test (P < 0.05). The relationship between the location of Cres and volume ratios were evaluated statistically.

RESULTS: The means of the pulp cavity/tooth volume and root canal/ root volume ratio of the maxillary central incisor in anterior open bite group were significantly greater than those in the normal group. The average location of Cres in the anterior open bite group was 0.6 mm (3.7%) apically from the normal group, measured from root apex. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between root canal/root volume ratio and locations of Cres (r = -0.780, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: The Cres in the hypofunctional group was located more apical than the functional group. As the pulp cavity volume increased, the levels of Cres apically shifted.

PMID:37269106 | DOI:10.1177/14653125231176575

Hand (N Y). 2023 Jun 2:15589447231175512. doi: 10.1177/15589447231175512. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Digit Widget is an external fixation device that can be used to reverse proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) contractures in the hand. Our hypothesis is that usage of the Digit Widget prior to fasciectomy in patients with severe Dupuytren’s proximal interphalangeal (PIP) contractures will result in short-term improvement and maintenance of the PIPJ contracture after fasciectomy.

METHODS: Patients who underwent placement of the Digit Widget soft tissue distractor prior to fasciectomy for Dupuytren’s disease were identified between January 2015 and December 2018. Multiple fingers were considered separately. Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function (PF), Pain Interference, and Depression scores were collected. Patients treated for contractures from etiologies other than Dupuytren’s were not included. Multiple linear regression was used to compare initial PIP contractures, PF scores, and final contractures.

RESULTS: There were 28 fingers in 24 patients with average age of 56 ± 12 (30.5-69.9) years. Initial mean PIPJ contracture was 81° (50°-120°), which had corrected to 23° at time of removal. Average time between application and fasciectomy was 58 (28-112) days. At final follow-up, average 449 (58-1641) days, the average contracture was 39° (0°-105°). Contracture immediately following fasciectomy was found to be strongly correlated with the contracture at final follow-up. There was no statistical relationship between final PROMIS PF scores and final change in contracture.

CONCLUSIONS: Digit Widget external fixation is an effective treatment for the correction of advanced PIPJ contractures related to Dupuytren’s disease, with an average of 52% improvement in contracture at 15 months.

PMID:37269101 | DOI:10.1177/15589447231175512

Hand (N Y). 2023 Jun 2:15589447231174481. doi: 10.1177/15589447231174481. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Opposition is an essential function of the human thumb to enable fine pinch and grip strength. Loss of opposition can be caused by both congenital and acquired pathology resulting in significant disability. This systematic review aims to compare the different techniques available to restore opposition. A systematic review of opponensplasty techniques was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines using PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science. Studies published in English before April 2021 and that reported on original outcomes of opponensplasty techniques used in the context of neurologic dysfunction were eligible for inclusion. A total of 641 articles were included, of which 42 texts were eligible for inclusion with a total cohort of 873 patients. The most commonly used transfers were palmaris longus (PL), extensor indicis proprius (EIP), and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS). These transfers all demonstrated an improvement in range of motion, pinch strength, and Kapandji scores. Complication rates of 19% and 12% were reported with FDS and EIP transfers, respectively, predominantly related to donor site morbidity. A complication rate of 6% was observed with PL transfers, which was most commonly related to bowstringing. Heterogeneity of outcomes precluded a direct statistical comparison. There is significant heterogeneity in the literature reporting on opponensplasty techniques. There is limited capacity of direct comparison; however, FDS and EIP appear to demonstrate better functional outcomes, at the cost of higher complication rates. Each technique has specific complications and advantages and importance in patient counseling and discussion. Further prospective comparative studies are warranted.

PMID:37269095 | DOI:10.1177/15589447231174481

J Atten Disord. 2023 Jun 2:10870547231172763. doi: 10.1177/10870547231172763. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the feasibility and validity of remote researcher-led administration and self-administration of modified versions of two cognitive tasks sensitive to ADHD, a four-choice reaction time task (Fast task) and a combined Continuous Performance Test/Go No-Go task (CPT/GNG), through a new remote measurement technology system.

METHOD: We compared the cognitive performance measures (mean and variability of reaction times (MRT, RTV), omission errors (OE) and commission errors (CE)) at a remote baseline researcher-led administration and three remote self-administration sessions between participants with and without ADHD (n = 40).

RESULTS: The most consistent group differences were found for RTV, MRT and CE at the baseline researcher-led administration and the first self-administration, with 8 of the 10 comparisons statistically significant and all comparisons indicating medium to large effect sizes.

CONCLUSION: Remote administration of cognitive tasks successfully captured the difficulties with response inhibition and regulation of attention, supporting the feasibility and validity of remote assessments.

PMID:37269091 | DOI:10.1177/10870547231172763

Cancer. 2023 Jun 2. doi: 10.1002/cncr.34843. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is the only cure for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in second complete remission (CR2). Patients lacking a matched sibling donor (MSD) receive transplants from matched unrelated donors (MUDs), mismatched unrelated donors (MMUDs), haploidentical (haplo) donors, or cord blood.

METHODS: This is a retrospective, registry-based European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation study that investigates changes in patient- and transplant-related characteristics and posttransplant outcomes over time.

RESULTS: We identified 3955 adult patients (46.7% female; median age, 52 years [range, 18-78 years]) with AML in CR2 first transplanted between 2005 and 2019 from a MUD 10/10 (61.4%), MMUD 9/10 (21.9%), or haplo donor (16.7%) and followed for 3.7 years. A total of 725 patients were transplanted between 2005 and 2009, 1600 between 2010 and 2014, and 1630 between 2015 and 2019. Over the three time periods, there was a significant increase in patient age (from 48.7 to 53.5 years; p < .001), use of a haplo donor (from 4.6% to 26.4%; p < .001), and use of posttransplant cyclophosphamide (from 0.4% to 29%; p < .001). There was a significant decrease in total body irradiation and in vivo T-cell depletion. In multivariate analysis, transplants performed more recently had better outcomes. Leukemia-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; p = .002) and overall survival (HR, 0.73; p < .001) increased over time. Similarly, nonrelapse mortality (HR, 0.64; p < .001) decreased over time. We also observed better graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) rates (acute GVHD II-IV: HR, 0.78; p = .03; GVHD-free, relapse-free survival: HR, 0.69; p < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: Even in the absence of an MSD, outcomes of allo-HCT in CR2 for AML have significantly improved over time, with most favorable outcomes achieved with a MUD.

PMID:37269074 | DOI:10.1002/cncr.34843

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2023 Jun 2. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14909. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) has been linked to severe negative maternal-fetal pregnancy outcomes, including a high risk of maternal death. The goal of this study was to determine whether an abdominal aortic balloon block performed before fetal birth lowered intraoperative bleeding and the risk of severe bleeding, as opposed to a block performed after fetal birth.

METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, patients who underwent pre-delivery or post-delivery inflation were compared for intraoperative hemorrhage, transfusion rate, hysterectomy rate, intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization, and newborn indices. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we applied multivariate logistic regression, propensity score analysis, and an inverse probability-weighting model.

RESULTS: This study included 168 patients who underwent balloon occlusion (62 pre-delivery, 106 post-delivery). The overall probability of major bleeding was 56.5% (95/168), and the pre-delivery and post-delivery probabilities for major bleeding were 64.5% (40/62) and 51.9% (55/106) (P = 0.112), respectively. In the multivariable-adjusted model, post-delivery inflation was associated with a 33% numerically higher probability of massive bleeding (odds ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 0.54-3.25, P = 0.535). However, the difference was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: According to our findings, pre-delivery inflation did not significantly reduce the risk or amount of severe bleeding.

PMID:37269053 | DOI:10.1002/ijgo.14909

J Allied Health. 2023 Summer;52(2):e79-e82.

ABSTRACT

Medical Assistant (MA) is one of the fastest growing healthcare professions, with the U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics predicting MA positions will grow by 18% between 2020 and 2030. The experience and knowledge MAs gain during their education and training provide a foundation for advancement into other healthcare occupations that could be leveraged to support efforts to diversify the healthcare workforce. However, the lack of federal investment in medical assistant education and training, as well as the lack of established education and career pathways that build on medical assisting, is a missed opportunity to better meet the workforce development needs of our primary care delivery system.

PMID:37269041

J Allied Health. 2023 Summer;52(2):e63-e71.

ABSTRACT

As costs of higher education continue to rise, textbook pur¬chase is an area in which students have control over spending. The purposes of this project were to: 1) describe textbook use among current students and recent graduates in one physical therapist program, and 2) determine how this information might be utilized in addressing faculty textbook decisions in entry-level education. Electronic surveys were sent to 83 students and 229 graduates of a Doctor of Physical Therapy program in Texas. Ten faculty completed an 8-question paper survey about factors considered in requiring a textbook. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and chi-square test for independence. Thirty-two students, 28 graduates, and 7 faculty responded. A total of 23 textbooks were required during the curriculum. Only 6 of 23 required texts were reported as “useful” by students. Graduates identified 3 texts as “useful” during early clinical practice. Six faculty required textbooks for classes; 4 indicated texts were “necessary” for student success. Students purchased a small percentage of required textbooks and maintained a high level of success. Results indicate that faculty are providing the required content. Faculty should carefully consider their instructional delivery when making decisions about if required textbooks are truly required for success.

PMID:37269039

J Allied Health. 2023 Summer;52(2):e31-e37.

ABSTRACT

Entrance testing has been found to predict passing on professional licensure examinations in various allied health fields. Physical therapy (PT) programs do not consistently use an entrance test for assessment of an applicant’s prerequisite competence. The purpose of this study was to assess whether a correlation existed between a prerequisite entrance test and academic success measured by grade point average (GPA) in first-semester PT students. A 140-question entrance test assessing prerequisite knowledge was administered prior to matriculation to two consecutive cohorts at a medium-sized PT program in the southwestern United States. GPA was collected following completion of the first didactic semester. Inferential statistics were used including the Pearson product moment correlational coefficient (r) and a regression model. 108 students completed the entrance test and one semester of coursework. The entrance test scores ranged from 58.33-100, with a mean score of 79.71. There was a significant medium correlation between the two variables (r=0.423, p<0.001), and the exam and age contributed to the regression model. Entrance tests may provide programs with a more content-specific evaluation of graduate school readiness while providing administrators and faculty information regarding didactic areas of concern with which students may struggle.

PMID:37269035

J Allied Health. 2023 Summer;52(2):141-148.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: This study examined how the qualities of grit and resilience correlated with career achievements in physical therapists. The purpose of this study was to determine if select career achievements were correlated with 1) Original Grit Scale (Grit-O) scores, 2) Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) scores, or 3) Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) scores among Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences Physical Therapy Program graduates from 2000-2018.

METHODS: Cross-sectional research design. Participants were 212 graduates between 2000 and 2018, inclusive. Participants completed the Grit-O, Grit-S, and CD-RISC scales and reported career achievements. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the demographics, career achievements, grit, and resilience of the subjects. Point biserial and partial correlations were used to examine associations between Grit-O and Grit-S subscales, CD-RISC scores, and career achievements.

RESULTS: When controlled for gender and time since graduation, there were significant positive relationships between Grit-O Perseverance of Effort and 1) publication in a peer-reviewed journal and 2) attainment of an additional degree. Biological males were significantly more likely to have reported certain career achievements.

CONCLUSION: Few of the expected relationships were found, possibly due to a lack of true relationships, a homogeneous population, ceiling effect, or inaccurate self-reports.

PMID:37269033