Tag: nevin manimala

Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Mar 24;130(12):121901. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.121901.

ABSTRACT

The Born cross sections of the process e^{+}e^{-}→D^{*0}D^{*-}π^{+} at center-of-mass energies from 4.189 to 4.951 GeV are measured for the first time. The data samples used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 17.9 fb^{-1} and were collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Three enhancements around 4.20, 4.47, and 4.67 GeV are visible. The resonances have masses of 4209.6±4.7±5.9 MeV/c^{2}, 4469.1±26.2±3.6 MeV/c^{2}, and 4675.3±29.5±3.5 MeV/c^{2} and widths of 81.6±17.8±9.0 MeV, 246.3±36.7±9.4 MeV, and 218.3±72.9±9.3 MeV, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The first and third resonances are consistent with the ψ(4230) and ψ(4660) states, respectively, while the second one is compatible with the ψ(4500) observed in the e^{+}e^{-}→K^{+}K^{-}J/ψ process. These three charmoniumlike ψ states are observed in the e^{+}e^{-}→D^{*0}D^{*-}π^{+} process for the first time.

PMID:37027853 | DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.121901

Retina. 2023 Apr 6. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003804. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:37027826 | DOI:10.1097/IAE.0000000000003804

Anesthesiology. 2023 Apr 7. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004578. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The dose of sugammadex recommended by the manufacturer for reversal of rocuronium is 2 mg/kg when the train-of-four count is 2 or more and 4 mg/kg when it is less than 2 but there is a post-tetanic count of at least 1. The purpose of this dose-finding study was to titrate sugammadex to produce a train-of-four ratio ≥0.9 at the conclusion of cardiac surgery, and to continue monitoring neuromuscular blockade in the ICU to identify recurrent paralysis. The hypothesis was that many patients would require less than the recommended dose of sugammadex, but that some would require more, and that recurrent paralysis would not occur.

METHODS: Neuromuscular blockade was monitored using electromyography during cardiac surgery. Administration of rocuronium was at the discretion of the anesthesia care team. During sternal closure, sugammadex was titrated in 50 mg increments every 5 minutes until a train-of-four ratio ≥0.9 was obtained. Neuromuscular blockade was monitored with electromyography in the ICU until sedation was discontinued prior to extubation or for a maximum of 7 hours.

RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients were evaluated. The dose of sugammadex required to achieve a train-of-four ratio of ≥0.9 varied from 0.43 to 5.6 mg/kg. There was a statistically significant relationship between the depth of neuromuscular blockade and the sugammadex dose required for reversal, but there was a large variation in dose required at any depth of neuromuscular blockade. Eighty-four of 97 patients (87%) required less than the recommended dose, and 13 (13%) required more. Two patients required additional sugammadex administration for recurrent paralysis.

CONCLUSIONS: When sugammadex was titrated to effect, the dose was usually less than the recommended dose, but it was more in some patients. Therefore, quantitative twitch monitoring is essential for ascertaining that adequate reversal has taken place following sugammadex administration. Recurrent paralysis was observed in 2 patients.

PMID:37027807 | DOI:10.1097/ALN.0000000000004578

Biomacromolecules. 2023 Apr 7. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01420. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) are being developed to overcome limitations associated with transfusion of donated red blood cells (RBCs) such as potential transmission of blood-borne pathogens and limited ex vivo storage shelf-life. Annelid erythrocruorin (Ec) derived from the worm Lumbricus terrestris (Lt) is an acellular mega-hemoglobin that has shown promise as a potential HBOC due to the large size of its oligomeric structure, thus overcoming limitations of unmodified circulating cell-free hemoglobin (Hb). With a large molecular weight of 3.6 MDa compared to 64.5 kDa for human Hb (hHb) and 144 oxygen-binding globin subunits compared to the 4 globin subunits of hHb, LtEc does not extravasate from the circulation to the same extent as hHb. LtEc is stable in the circulation without RBC membrane encapsulation and has a lower rate of auto-oxidation compared to acellular hHb, which allows the protein to remain functional for longer periods of time in the circulation compared to HBOCs derived from mammalian Hbs. Surface coatings, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and oxidized dextran (Odex), have been investigated to potentially reduce the immune response and improve the circulation time of LtEc in vivo. Polydopamine (PDA) is a hydrophilic, biocompatible, bioinspired polymer coating used for biomedical nanoparticle assemblies and coatings and has previously been investigated for the surface coating of hHb. PDA is typically synthesized via the self-polymerization of dopamine (DA) under alkaline (pH > 8.0) conditions. However, at pH > 8.0, the oligomeric structure of LtEc begins to dissociate. Therefore, in this study, we investigated a photocatalytic method of PDA polymerization on the surface of LtEc using 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium tetrafluoroborate (Acr-Mes) to drive PDA polymerization under physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 25 °C) over 2, 5, and 16 h in order to preserve the size and structure of LtEc. The resulting structural, biophysical, and antioxidant properties of PDA surface-coated LtEc (PDA-LtEc) was characterized using various techniques. PDA-LtEc showed an increase in measured particle size, molecular weight, and surface ζ-potential with increasing reaction time from t = 2 to 16 h compared to unmodified LtEc. PDA-LtEc reacted for 16 h was found to have reduced oxygen-binding cooperativity and slower deoxygenation kinetics compared to PDA-LtEc with lower levels of polymerization (t = 2 h), but there was no statistically significant difference in oxygen affinity. The thickness of the PDA coating can be controlled and in turn the biophysical properties can be tuned by changing various reaction conditions. PDA-LtEc was shown to demonstrate an increased level of antioxidant capacity (ferric iron reduction and free-radical scavenging) when synthesized at a reaction time of t = 16 h compared to LtEc. These antioxidant properties may prove beneficial for oxidative protection of PDA-LtEc during its time in the circulation. Hence, we believe that PDA-LtEc is a promising oxygen therapeutic for potential use in transfusion medicine applications.

PMID:37027799 | DOI:10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01420

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Apr 7. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c22617. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

We present a new methodology to quantify the variability of resistive switching memories. Instead of statistically analyzing few data points extracted from current versus voltage (I–V) plots, such as switching voltages or state resistances, we take into account the whole I–V curve measured in each RS cycle. This means going from a one-dimensional data set to a two-dimensional data set, in which every point of each I–V curve measured is included in the variability calculation. We introduce a new coefficient (named two-dimensional variability coefficient, 2DVC) that reveals additional variability information to which traditional one-dimensional analytical methods (such as the coefficient of variation) are blind. This novel approach provides a holistic variability metric for a better understanding of the functioning of resistive switching memories.

PMID:37027783 | DOI:10.1021/acsami.2c22617

IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell. 2023 Feb 16;PP. doi: 10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3245886. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The study of languages’ structure and their organization in a set of well-defined relation schemes is a delicate matter. In the last decades, the convergence of traditional conflicting views by linguists is supported by an interdisciplinary approach that involves not only genetics or bio-archelogy but nowadays even the science of complexity. In light of this new and useful approach, this study proposes an in-depth analysis of the complexity underlying the morphological organization, in terms of multifractality and long-range correlations, of several modern and ancient texts pertaining to various linguistic strains (including ancient Greek, Arabic, Coptic, Neo-Latin and Germanic languages). The methodology is grounded on the mapping procedure between lexical categories belonging to text excerpts and time series, which is based on the rank of the frequency occurrence. Through the well-known MFDFA technique and a specific multifractal formalism, several multifractal indexes are then extracted for characterizing texts and the multifractal signature has been adopted for characterizing several language families, such as Indo-European, Semitic and Hamito-Semitic. The regularities and differences in the linguistic strains are assessed within a multivariate statistical framework and corroborated with a Machine Learning approach that is dedicated, in turn, to investigate the predictive power of the multifractal signature pertinent to text excerpts. The obtained results show a strong presence of persistence, i.e., memory, in the morphological structure of analyzed texts and we claim that this property has a role in characterizing the studied linguistic families. In fact, for example, the proposed analysis framework – grounded on complexity indexes – is able to easily distinguish ancient Greek texts from Arabic ones, as they belong to different language strains, i.e. indo-European and Semitic, respectively. The proposed approach has been proven effective and can be adopted for further comparative studies and for designing new informetrics for further advances in the fields of information retrieval and Artificial Intelligence.

PMID:37027765 | DOI:10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3245886

IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform. 2023 Feb 28;PP. doi: 10.1109/TCBB.2023.3247957. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Cellular microscopy imaging is a common form of data acquisition for biological experimentation. Observation of gray-level morphological features allows for the inference of useful biological information such as cellular health and growth status. Cellular colonies can contain multiple cell types, making colony level classification very difficult. Additionally, cell types growing in a hierarchical, downstream fashion, can often look visually similar, although biologically distinct. In this paper, it is determined empirically that traditional deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and classical object recognition techniques are not sufficient to distinguish between these subtle visual differences, resulting in misclassifications. Instead, Triplet-net CNN learning is employed in a hierarchical classification scheme to improve the ability of the model to discern distinct, fine-grain features of two commonly confused morphological image-patch classes, namely Dense and Spread colonies. The Triplet-net method improves classification accuracy over a four-class deep neural network by 3 %, a value that was determined to be statistically significant, as well as existing state-of-the-art image patch classification approaches and standard template matching. These findings allow for the accurate classification of multi-class cell colonies with contiguous boundaries, and increased reliability and efficiency of automated, high-throughput experimental quantification using non-invasive microscopy.

PMID:37027755 | DOI:10.1109/TCBB.2023.3247957

IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2023 Feb 22;PP. doi: 10.1109/TMI.2023.3247941. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

We present an unsupervised domain adaptation method for image segmentation which aligns high-order statistics, computed for the source and target domains, encoding domain-invariant spatial relationships between segmentation classes. Our method first estimates the joint distribution of predictions for pair of pixels whose relative position corresponds to a given spatial displacement. Domain adaptation is then achieved by aligning the joint distributions of source and target images, computed for a set of displacements. Two enhancements of this method are proposed. The first one uses an efficient multi-scale strategy that enables capturing long-range relationships in the statistics. The second one extends the joint distribution alignment loss to features in intermediate layers of the network by computing their cross-correlation. We test our method on the task of unpaired multi-modal cardiac segmentation using the Multi-Modality Whole Heart Segmentation Challenge dataset and prostate segmentation task where images from two datasets are taken as data in different domains. Our results show the advantages of our method compared to recent approaches for cross-domain image segmentation. Code is available at https://github.com/WangPing521/Domain_adaptation_shape_prior.

PMID:37027662 | DOI:10.1109/TMI.2023.3247941

Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2023 Apr 7. doi: 10.2174/1568009623666230407101128. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The optimal second-line therapy for hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) advanced or metastatic breast cancer is yet to be established. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) of marketed drugs to compare their efficacy.

METHODS: We searched the literature in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases, and the main international conferences in the past 5 years to find phase III clinical trials on drugs available in the market. Network meta-analysis of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the objective response rate (ORR) was performed using R software. The efficiency of treatment options was compared using hazard ratios and 95% credibility intervals.

RESULTS: Overall, 12 studies with 6120 patients were included in the analysis. In an indirect comparison of the five regimens, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) plus 500 mg fulvestrant (Ful500) gave the best PFS results; palbociclib ranked first with a surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) of 94.99%, followed by mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTORi) plus everolimus (SUCRA=73.07%), phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor (PI3Ki) plus Ful500 (SUCRA=66.73%), Ful500 alone (SUCRA=44.55%), and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) plus exemestane (SUCRA=43.49%). However, no significant difference was found in the PFS rates of CDK4/6i, mTORi, and PI3Ki. For OS, CDK4/6i plus Ful500 ranked first; the SUCRA of ribociclib, abemaciclib, and palbociclib were 86.20%, 83.98%, and 78.52%, respectively. Alpelisib plus Ful500 (SUCRA=66.91%) ranked second but was not statistically different from CDK4/6i. The mTORi plus everolimus group had the best ORR (SUCRA=88.73%). In terms of safety, 81.56% of patients in the tucidinostat plus exemestane regimen developed neutropenia, suggesting strong hematological toxicity; 13.40% of patients developed grade 3-4 diarrhea after using abemaciclib plus Ful500.

CONCLUSION: For second-line endocrine therapy in HR+/HER2- advanced/metastatic breast cancer, CDK4/6i is a better choice than mTORi, PI3Ki, HDACi, and Ful; it shows good PFS and OS outcomes and a low probability for serious adverse events.

PMID:37026492 | DOI:10.2174/1568009623666230407101128

Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2023 Apr 7:e30346. doi: 10.1002/pbc.30346. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience increased rates of neurocognitive and emotional difficulties. Cross-sectional studies suggest neurocognitive and emotional functioning are associated with health outcomes in SCD. We investigated whether neurocognitive and emotional factors predicted future pain-related healthcare utilization in children with SCD.

PROCEDURE: Total 112 youth with SCD between ages 7 and 16 years reported sociodemographics and completed measures of neurocognitive functioning and emotional well-being. The number of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for pain 1 and 3 years after enrollment were determined by chart review.

RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 10.61 years (standard deviation = 2.91), with most being female (n = 65; 58%). Eighty-three (74%) participants had either HbSS or HbSβ⁰ thalassemia. Regression analyses showed that attention significantly predicted ED visits and hospitalizations for pain at 1 and 3 years after enrollment (all p-values ≤ .017), such that poorer attention was associated with higher healthcare utilization. Lower emotional quality of life also predicted more ED visits for pain at 3 years (b = -.009, p = .013) and hospitalizations for pain at 3 years (b = -.008, p = .020).

CONCLUSIONS: Neurocognitive and emotional factors are associated with subsequent healthcare use in youth with SCD. Poor attentional control might limit implementation of strategies to distract from pain or could make disease self-management behaviors more challenging. Results also highlight the potential impact of stress on pain onset, perception, and management. Clinicians should consider neurocognitive and emotional factors when developing strategies to optimize pain-related outcomes in SCD.

PMID:37026487 | DOI:10.1002/pbc.30346