Tag: nevin manimala

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2023 Feb 28;48(2):221-230. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220053.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Surgical robot system has broken the limitation of traditional surgery and shown excellent performance in surgery, and has been widely used in minimally invasive treatment in most areas of surgery. This study aims to verify the basic performance of the domestic surgical robot system and the safety and effectiveness of the integrated bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic knife.

METHODS: The basic performance of the domestic surgical robot system was evaluated by completing the square knot and surgical knot, vertical and horizontal perforation and right ring perforation and suture, as well as picking up beans. Compared with laparoscopy, the safety and effectiveness of the domestic surgical robot after integrated interconnection bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic scalpel were evaluated by detecting the vascular closure performance and the degree of histopathological damage in animals.

RESULTS: Compared with freehand knotting, domestic robot knotting speed and circumference were slightly worse, but better than laparoscopic knotting. There was no statistical significance in the tension difference of the surgical knots among the 3 methods (P>0.05), but the tension of the square knots made by the freehand and the domestic surgical robot was greater than that of the laparoscopy (P<0.05). The space required for both the left and right forceps heads of knots was smaller than that of laparoscopy (P<0.001), which successfully completed the 4 quadrant suture tasks, and the time of picking up beans was significantly less than that of laparoscopy (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the temperature of the liver tissue after the bipolar electrocoagulation between the interconnected domestic surgical robot and the laparoscopy (P>0.05), and the acute thermal injury was observed under the light microscope. The temperature of the liver tissue treated by the domestic robotic ultrasound knife was higher than that of the laparoscopic ultrasound knife (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Domestic surgical robots are obviously superior to laparoscopy in suturing, knotting, and moving objects, and domestic surgical robots’ interconnect bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic knife have achieved success in animal experiments, and hemostasis is considered to be safe and effective.

PMID:36999469 | DOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220053

Int J Urol. 2023 Mar 31. doi: 10.1111/iju.15184. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This research was carried out to reduce the fear, anxiety and pain of 4-6 age circumcised children with therapeutic play and video animation interventions.

METHODS: This research was conducted as a randomized controlled study between November 2019 and April 2021. Using block randomization, 30 (n = 30) children were assigned to the control group, 30 (n = 30) to the therapeutic puppet group and 30 (n = 30) to the video animation group. Before the circumcision surgery, therapeutic puppet and video animation interventions were applied to children with scenario prepared with psychodrama technique. Fear, anxiety, and pain findings of children before and after surgery were determined.

RESULTS: The fear and anxiety scores of the children were similar before the nursing intervention in all groups, and that the fear and anxiety scores of therapeutic puppet play and video animation intervention groups had statistically lower than the control group after nursing intervention. The pain scores of the children from the therapeutic puppet play and video animation groups had lower pain scores than the control group after surgery (F = 5.24, p = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic play and video animation intervention can be effective in reducing fear and anxiety of children aged 4-6 before and after circumcision surgery.

PMID:36999456 | DOI:10.1111/iju.15184

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023 Mar 31. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15734. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cosmetics have become an integral part of our daily routine. In addition to causing a wide range of dermatological disorders, cosmetic preparations can also affect internal health. Men are less likely to be impacted than women.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at determining the awareness level among female patients regarding adverse reactions caused by cosmetic products.

METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed among women who visited the Dermatology department of Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka, from December 2020 to March 2022. The sample size included 400 respondents selected using the Convenience sampling method, and data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21, and descriptive statistics were applied.

RESULTS: The study found that many cosmetic users experienced negative side effects (44%). The primarily affected body site was the face (25.50%) followed by scalp and hair (10%). Products responsible for adverse events were skin care products (27.25%). Considerable percentage of patients self-medicated (22.25%) and only 15% of women consulted a dermatologist for cosmetic-related problems.

CONCLUSION: Awareness regarding the possibility of cosmetic-induced adverse effects as well as the proper use of cosmetics to reduce these adverse effects is imperative. Implementation of cosmetovigilance system will help to decrease the adverse events to a certain extent.

PMID:36999455 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.15734

J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2023 Mar 31:e23355. doi: 10.1002/jbt.23355. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Tropisetron exerts a protective effect against cardiac complications, particularly cardiac hypertrophy. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are the main contributors to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. Sirtuins, a family of histone deacetylases, are connected to cellular oxidative stress signaling and antioxidant defense. Sirtuins are also linked to apoptosis which is an important mechanism in the progression of cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure. Literature also suggests that tropisetron impedes apoptosis, partly mediated through an antioxidant mechanism. Therefore, we examined if tropisetron fights cardiac hypertrophy by adjusting sirtuin family proteins (Sirts) and components of mitochondrial death pathway, Bcl-associated X (BAX), Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats got divided into four groups, including control (Ctl), tropisetron (Trop), cardiac hypertrophy (Hyp), and hypertrophic rats under tropisetron treatment (Hyp + Trop). Pathological cardiac hypertrophy was induced by surgical abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). The increased expression of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the Hyp group confirms the cardiac hypertrophy establishment. The mRNA levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT7, and BAD also upregulated in the hypertrophic group (p < 0.001). Postoperational administration of tropisetron for 3 weeks lowered the increased expression of BNP (p < 0.05) and BAD (p < 0.001), though the reduction of BAX expression was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Tropisetron treatment also restored the normal level of SIRT1/3/7 genes expression in the Hyp + Trop group (p < 0.05). Present findings suggest that tropisetron can suppress cardiomyocyte hypertrophy progression to heart failure by counteracting BNP, SIRT1, SIRT3, Sirt7, and BAD overexpression-mediated apoptosis in a rat model of cardiac hypertrophy.

PMID:36999403 | DOI:10.1002/jbt.23355

Biom J. 2023 Mar 31:e2200238. doi: 10.1002/bimj.202200238. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The constant development of new data analysis methods in many fields of research is accompanied by an increasing awareness that these new methods often perform better in their introductory paper than in subsequent comparison studies conducted by other researchers. We attempt to explain this discrepancy by conducting a systematic experiment that we call “cross-design validation of methods”. In the experiment, we select two methods designed for the same data analysis task, reproduce the results shown in each paper, and then reevaluate each method based on the study design (i.e., datasets, competing methods, and evaluation criteria) that was used to show the abilities of the other method. We conduct the experiment for two data analysis tasks, namely cancer subtyping using multiomic data and differential gene expression analysis. Three of the four methods included in the experiment indeed perform worse when they are evaluated on the new study design, which is mainly caused by the different datasets. Apart from illustrating the many degrees of freedom existing in the assessment of a method and their effect on its performance, our experiment suggests that the performance discrepancies between original and subsequent papers may not only be caused by the nonneutrality of the authors proposing the new method but also by differences regarding the level of expertise and field of application. Authors of new methods should thus focus not only on a transparent and extensive evaluation but also on comprehensive method documentation that enables the correct use of their methods in subsequent studies.

PMID:36999395 | DOI:10.1002/bimj.202200238

Br J Nutr. 2023 Mar 31:1-32. doi: 10.1017/S0007114523000648. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Sports foods are convenient alternatives to everyday foods to fuel performance. Strong scientific evidence supports their use; however, commercial sports foods are classified by the NOVA system as ultra-processed foods (UPF). Consumption of UPF has been associated with poor mental and physical health, but little is known about athletes’ consumption of and attitudes toward sports foods as a source of UPF. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess Australian athletes’ intake of and attitudes toward sports foods and UPF. Adult athletes were recruited to complete an anonymous online survey via social media between October 2021 and February 2022. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s chi-square test was used to assess potential relationships between categorical demographic variables and consumption of sports foods. One hundred forty Australian adults participating in recreational (n=55), local/regional (n=52), state (n=11), national (n=14), or international (n=9) sports completed the survey. Ninety-five per cent reported consuming sports foods within the past 12 months. Participants consumed sports drinks most commonly (73%) and isolated protein supplements most frequently (40% at least once per week). Participants reported everyday foods to be more affordable, taste better, present less risk of banned substances, but less convenient, and greater risk of spoilage. Half (51%) of participants reported concern about health effects of UPF. Participants reported regular UPF consumption despite taste and cost-related preferences for everyday foods and health concerns regarding UPF intake. Athletes may need support to identify and access safe, affordable, convenient, minimally processed alternatives to sports foods.

PMID:36999372 | DOI:10.1017/S0007114523000648

Vasc Specialist Int. 2023 Mar 31;39:7. doi: 10.5758/vsi.220060.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to report the results of femorofemoral bypass (FFB) using a great saphenous vein (GSV) graft as an alternative to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2012 to December 2021, 168 patients who underwent FFB (PTFE, 143; GSV, 25) were included. The patients’ demographic features and surgical intervention results were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS: There were no intergroup differences in patients’ demographic features. In GSV vs. PTFE grafts, the superficial femoral artery provided statistically significant inflow and outflow (P<0.001 for both), and redo bypass was more common (P=0.021). The mean follow-up duration was 24.7±2.3 months. The primary patency rates at 3 and 5 years were 84% and 74% for PTFE grafts and 82% and 70% for GSV grafts, respectively. There was no significant intergroup difference in primary patency (P=0.661) or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR)-free survival (P=0.758). Clinical characteristics, disease details, and procedures were analyzed as risk factors for graft occlusion. Multivariate analysis revealed that none of the factors was associated with an increased risk of FFB graft occlusion.

CONCLUSION: FFB using PTFE or GSV grafts is a useful method with an approximately 70% 5-year primary patency rate. The GSV and PTFE grafts showed no difference in primary patency or CD-TLR-free survival during follow-up; however, FFB using GSV may be an option in selective situations.

PMID:36999355 | DOI:10.5758/vsi.220060

Res Synth Methods. 2023 Mar 31. doi: 10.1002/jrsm.1634. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

We developed metadta, a flexible, robust and user-friendly statistical procedure that fuses established and innovative statistical methods for meta-analysis, meta-regression, and network meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies in Stata. Using data from published meta-analyses, we validate metadta by comparing and contrasting its features and output to popular procedures dedicated to the meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies; (midas (Stata), metandi (Stata), metaDTA (web application), mada (R), and MetaDAS (SAS)). We also demonstrate how to perform network meta-analysis with metadta, for which no alternative procedure is dedicated to network meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy data in the frequentist framework. metadta generated consistent estimates in simple and complex diagnostic test accuracy data sets. We expect its availability to stimulate better statistical practice in the evidence synthesis of diagnostic test accuracy studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36999350 | DOI:10.1002/jrsm.1634

J Paediatr Child Health. 2023 Mar 31. doi: 10.1111/jpc.16402. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Neuropathic bladder dysfunction (NBD) or neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction occurs as a result of a lesion at any level of central nervous system. The most common aetiology of NBD in children is abnormal development of spinal column. These defects cause neurogenic detrusor overactivity which contributes to detrusor-sphincter dysfunction and results in lower urinary tract symptoms such as incontinence. One of the more progressive and insidious, at the same time preventable result of neuropathic bladder is upper urinary tract deterioration. It is vital to aim reduction in bladder pressures and the minimisation of urine stasis in order to prevent or at least attenuate renal disease. Despite world-wide strategies for prevention of neural tube defects currently, we will still be involved in the care of spina bifida patients born every year with a neuropathic bladder and at risk of long-term renal damage. This study was planned for evaluation of results and detection of possible risk factors for upper urinary tract deterioration during routine visits of neuropathic bladder population.

METHODS: The electronic medical records of the patients who were followed up for at least 1 year with the diagnosis of neuropathic bladder in Pediatric Urology and Nephrology units of Adana City Training and Research Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 117 patients, whose blood, urine, imaging and urodynamic study required for the evaluation of nephrological and urological status were completed and included in the study. Patients under the age of one were excluded from the study. Demographic characteristics, medical history, laboratory and imaging results were recorded. All statistical analyses were analysed by SPSS version 21 software package and analysed by descriptive statistical.

RESULTS: Of the 117 patients who participated in the study, 73 (62.4%) were female and 44 (37.6%) were male. Mean age of the patients was 6.7 ± 4.9 years. The leading cause of neuropathic bladder was neuro-spinal dysraphism with 103 (88.1%) patients. Urinary tract ultrasound imaging revealed hydronephrosis in 44 patients (35.9%), parenchymal thinning in 20 patients (17.1%), increased parenchymal echo in 20 patients (17.1%) and trabeculation or increase in wall thickness of the bladder in 51 patients (43.6%). Voiding cystogram revealed the presence of vesicoureteral reflux in a total of 37 patients (31.6%), with 28 patients being unilateral and 9 patients bilateral. More than half of the patients had abnormal bladder findings (52.1%). In the Tc 99 m DMSA scan of the patients, 24 patients (20.5%) had unilateral renal scars and 15 (12.8%) had bilateral. Loss of renal function was detected in 27 (23.1%) of the patients. Urodynamic study revealed decreased bladder capacity in 65 patients (55.6%) and increased detrusor leakage pressure was found in 60 patients (51.3%). The mean leak point pressure of the patients was 36 ± 26 cm H₂ O, and the mean leakage volume was determined as 157 ± 118 mL.

CONCLUSION: Findings obtained from imaging and urodynamic studies during routine investigation of neuropathic bladder patients can be a guide for the upper urinary tract. According to our results, age, bladder changes in ultrasound and voiding cystogram, high leak point pressure obtained during urodynamic studies are thought to have strong correlation with upper urinary tract damage. The prevalence of progressive chronic kidney disease in children and adults with spina bifida is remarkable and completely preventable. The strategies for prevention of renal disease in this patient population should be planned by coordinated work of urologist with nephrologist and requires family cooperation.

PMID:36999336 | DOI:10.1111/jpc.16402

Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2023 Apr;51(3):163-167. doi: 10.5543/tkda.2023.70337.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Down syndrome is a genetic syndrome characterized with various dysmorphisms and congenital malformations such as congenital heart diseases. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between Down syndrome, hypothyroidism, and cardiac ���ndings.

METHODS: Thyroid hormone pro���les and echocardiographic ���ndings were evaluated. Patients with hypothyroidism and Down syndrome were named group 1; patients with hypothyroidism without Down syndrome group 2 and group 3 was control. The echocardiographic parameters (interventricular septum and left ventricular systolic, diastolic posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, ejection fraction) were indexed to body surface area. Left ventricular mass index and relative wall thickness were calculated. Patients with relative wall thickness equal to or below 0.42 were classi���ed as eccentric hypertrophy or normal geometry, while those over 0.42 as concentric remodeling or concentric hypertrophy.

RESULTS: Thyroid stimulating hormone values of groups 1 and 2 were signi���cantly higher than those of group 3. There were no signi���cant di���erences for fT4 between the groups. Interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic and end-systolic thickness were signi���cantly higher in group 1 than groups 2 and 3. There was no statistically signi���cant di���erence in left ventricular mass index between groups 1 and 2. In terms of relative wall thickness, 16 out of 29 patients in group 1 were revealed as concentric remodeling, 12 as normal geometry, 1 patient as eccentric hypertrophy. In group 2, 6 patients were revealed as concentric remodeling, 14 as normal geometry. There was no statistically signi���cant di���erence of left ventricular end-diastolic thickness between 3 groups.

CONCLUSION: Cardiac morphology and functions were signi���cantly a���ected by hypothyroidism in patients with Down syndrome. Hypertrophy in Down syndrome may be caused by the cellular changes in myocardium.

PMID:36999332 | DOI:10.5543/tkda.2023.70337