Tag: nevin manimala

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Mar 29;23(1):213. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05534-4.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of three-dimensional ultrasound assessment of endometrial receptivity in PGD/PGS transplantation patients on pregnancy outcome.

METHODS: 280 patients undergoing PGD/PGS transplantation were enrolled and divided into group A and group B according to the patients’ pregnancy outcomes. The general conditions, endometrial receptivity indexes of the two groups were compared. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing pregnancy outcome in PGD/PGS transplant patients. ROC curves were plotted to analyze the predictive value of 3D ultrasound parameters on pregnancy outcome. The results of the study were validated with patients who underwent FET transplantation, and the patients in the validation group were treated with the same 3D ultrasound examination method and treatment plan as the observation group.

RESULTS: The differences in basic situations between two groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The percentage of endometrial thickness, endometrial blood flow, and endometrial blood flow classification type II + II were higher in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that endometrial thickness, endometrial blood flow and endometrial blood flow classification were influencing factors of pregnancy outcome in PGD/PGS patients. The sensitivity of predicting pregnancy outcome based on the results of transcatheter 3D ultrasound was 91.18%, the specificity was 82.35%, and the accuracy was 90.00%, which has a high predictive value.

CONCLUSION: 3D ultrasound can predict pregnancy outcome by assessing the endometrial receptivity of PGD/PGS transplantation, in which endometrial thickness and endometrial blood flow have a good predictive value.

PMID:36991412 | DOI:10.1186/s12884-023-05534-4

Malar J. 2023 Mar 29;22(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s12936-023-04536-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the perception and awareness of malaria vaccine policy implementation among health policy actors in Nigeria.

METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted to assess the opinions and perceptions of policy actors on the implementation of a vaccination programme against malaria in Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were carried out to study the characteristics of the population and the univariate analysis of the responses to questions presented to the participants. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the association between demographic characteristics and the responses.

RESULTS: The study revealed that malaria vaccine awareness was poor, with only 48.9% of the policy actors having previous knowledge of the malaria vaccine. The majority of participants (67.8%) declared that they were aware of the importance of vaccine policy in efforts to manage disease transmission. As the number of years of work experience of the participants increased, the odds of being more likely to be aware of the malaria vaccine increased [OR 2.491 (1.183-5.250), p value < 0.05].

CONCLUSION: It is recommended that policy-makers develop methods of educating populations, increase awareness of the acceptability of the vaccine and ensure that an affordable malaria vaccine programme is implemented in the population.

PMID:36991411 | DOI:10.1186/s12936-023-04536-z

BMC Geriatr. 2023 Mar 30;23(1):186. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-03905-2.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Preoperative analgesia of hip fracture in elderly patients is important, but it is also lacking. In particular, nerve block was not provided in time. In order to provide more effective analgesia, we designed a multimodal pain management mode based on instant messaging software.

METHODS: From May to September 2022, a total of 100 patients with unilateral hip fracture aged over 65 were randomly divided into the test group and the control group. Finally, 44 patients in each group completed the result analysis. A new pain management mode was used in the test group. This mode focuses on the full information exchange between medical personnel in different departments, early fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB), and closed-loop pain management. Outcomes include the time when FICB is completed for the first time; The number of cases of FICB completed by emergency doctors; Patients’ pain score, pain duration.

RESULTS: The time for patients in the test group to complete FICB for the first time was 3.0 [1.925-3.475] h, which was less than the time for patients in the control group (4.0 [3.300-5.275] h). The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Compared with 16 patients in the control group, 24 patients in the test group completed FICB by emergency doctors, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.087). The test group was superior to the control group in the highest NRS score (4.00 [3.00-4.00] vs 5.00 [4.00-5.75]), the duration of the highest NRS score (20.00 [20.00-25.00] mins vs 40.00 [30.00-48.75] mins), and the NRS > 3 time (35.00 [20.00-45.00] mins vs 72.50 [60.00-45.00] mins). The analgesic satisfaction of patients in the test group (5.00 [4.00-5.00]) was also significantly higher than that of the control group (3.00 [3.00-4.00]). The above four indexes were different between the two groups (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Using instant messaging software, the new model of pain management can enable patients to receive FICB as soon as possible and improve the timeliness and effectiveness of analgesia.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Registry Center, ChiCTR2200059013, 23/04/2022.

PMID:36991402 | DOI:10.1186/s12877-023-03905-2

BMC Cancer. 2023 Mar 29;23(1):286. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-10762-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and a body shape index (ABSI) were newly developed indices for visceral fat mass. Whether they are superior to conventional obesity indices in predicting colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We examined the associations of VAI and ABSI with CRC risk, and investigated their performance in discriminating CRC risk compared with conventional obesity indices in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.

METHODS: A total of 28,359 participants aged 50 + years without cancer history at baseline (2003-8) were included. CRC were identified from the Guangzhou Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association of obesity indices with the CRC risk. Discriminative abilities of obesity indices were assessed using Harrell’s C-statistic.

RESULTS: During an average follow-up of 13.9 (standard deviation = 3.6) years, 630 incident CRC cases were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of incident CRC for per standard deviation increment in VAI, ABSI, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 1.04 (0.96, 1.12), 1.13 (1.04, 1.22), 1.08 (1.00, 1.17), 1.15 (1.06, 1.24), 1.16 (1.08, 1.25)and 1.13 (1.04, 1.22), respectively. Similar results for colon cancer were found. However, the associations of obesity indices with risk of rectal cancer were non-significant. All obesity indices showed similar discriminative abilities (C-statistics from 0.640 to 0.645), with WHR showing the highest whilst VAI and BMI the lowest.

CONCLUSIONS: ABSI, but not VAI, was positively associated with a higher risk of CRC. However, ABSI was not superior to the conventional abdominal obesity indices in predicting CRC.

PMID:36991401 | DOI:10.1186/s12885-023-10762-0

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Mar 27;256:114838. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114838. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Animal studies indicated that Bisphenol analogues (BPs) exhibited potential thyroid toxicity. However, little is known of the associations between maternal BPs exposure and offspring’s thyroid related hormones in humans. On the basis of Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort study, we analyzed BPs in maternal urine collected at the third trimester of pregnancy. Thyroid related hormones (THs), including total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in cord blood samples. We performed multiple linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to explore the single and joint effects of gestational BPs exposure on thyroid related hormones in cord blood among 258 mother-child pairs. Statistically significant inverse associations of categorized BPA with FT3 and TT4 concentrations were observed. We also found a significant association between the mixture of BPs in maternal urine and increased concentration of TT3 in cord blood and a marginally significant association between BPs mixture and increased FT3 concentrations. Further associations of BPA with lower TT4/FT4 and of Bisphenol AF (BPAF) with higher TT3/FT3 were also suggestive, by BKMR model, when other BPs were fixed at 25th percentiles. It was concluded that prenatal BPs exposure was associated with THs in cord blood. Exposure to BPA and BPAF might have large contributions to the effects on thyroid function than other bisphenols.

PMID:36989560 | DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114838

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2023 Mar 27;78:100188. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100188. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Crohn’s disease (CD) has been related to an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders and suicide risk (SR). However, the nature of their relationship still deserves clarification. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in patients with CD, and to investigate the relationship between MDD and CD outcomes.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving CD patients was performed. CD activity was evaluated by the Harvey-Bradshaw index and CD phenotype by the Montreal classification. The presence of MDD was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire score-9 (PHQ-9). Sociodemographic data and other characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records.

RESULTS: 283 patients with CD were included. The prevalence of MDD was 41.7%. Females had a risk of MDD 5.3 times greater than males. CD disease duration was inversely correlated with MDD severity. Individuals with active CD were more likely to have MDD (OR = 796.0; 95% CI 133.7‒4738.8) than individuals with CD remission. MDD was more prevalent in inflammatory behavior (45.5%) and there were no statistical differences regarding the disease location. 19.8% of the sample scored positive for SR.

CONCLUSION: The present results support data showing an increased prevalence of MDD in individuals with CD. Additionally, it indicates that MDD in CD might be related to the activity of CD. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results and to address whether MDD leads to CD activity, CD activity leads to MDD or both ways are existent.

PMID:36989545 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100188

DNA Cell Biol. 2023 Mar 29. doi: 10.1089/dna.2022.0552. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin, which are easy to metastasize and relapse and are a great threat to human health. In our previous study, the abnormal expression of neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is observed in tumor tissue of STS, and the NF1 gene is regulated by miRNAs. The study aimed to assess the association between NF1-related miRNA gene polymorphisms and the risk of STS. In this case-control study, the information and peripheral blood were collected from 169 patients with STS and 170 healthy controls. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the NF1-related miRNAs were investigated and genotyped using a Sequenom MassARRAY^® matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry platform. The association between the polymorphisms and the risk of STS was estimated using unconditional logistic regression analysis. There was a significant statistical difference on genotype distribution of miR-199a2 rs12139213 between the case group and the control group (p = 0.026). Comparing with individuals with wild-type AA, individuals with the AT/TT genotype had a 1.753-fold (odds ratio [OR] = 1.753, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.090-2.819, p = 0.021) increased risk of STS and 1.907-fold (OR = 1.907, 95% CI = 1.173-3.102, p = 0.009) increased risk of STS adjusted for age and smoking status. Individuals with the AG/GG genotype for miR24-3p rs4743988 displayed a significantly reduced risk of STS compared with individuals with homozygous mutations AA (OR = 0.605, 95% CI = 0.376-0.973, p = 0.038). Individuals carrying the AT/TT genotype for miR-199a2 rs12139213 or the AA genotype for miR24-3p rs4743988 may be susceptible to STS, which could be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of STS.

PMID:36989515 | DOI:10.1089/dna.2022.0552

J Chin Med Assoc. 2023 Mar 29. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000921. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common cause of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although adenotonsillectomy considerably reduces OSA and systemic inflammation, whether and how systemic inflammation influences the effects of adenotonsillectomy on OSA has yet to be determined.

METHODS: This study investigated the associations between changes in anatomical variables, % changes in subjective OSA-18 questionnaire scores, % changes in eleven polysomnographic parameters, and % changes in 27 systemic inflammatory biomarkers in 74 children with OSA.

RESULTS: Fifty-six (75.6%) boys and 18 (24.4%) girls with the mean age of 7.4 ± 2.2 years and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 14.2 ± 15.9 events/h were included in the statistical analysis. The mean period between before and after adenotonsillectomy was 5.6 ± 2.6 months. After adenotonsillectomy, the OSA-18 score, eight of eleven polysomnographic parameters, and 20 of 27 inflammatory biomarkers significantly improved (all p < 0.005). Notably, there were significant associations between change in tonsil size and % change in AHI (r = 0.23), change in tonsil size and % changes in interleukin-8 (IL-8) (r = 0.34), change in tonsil size and % change in and IL-10 (r = -0.36), % change in IL-8 and % change in C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) (r = 0.30), and % change in CCL5 and % change in AHI (r = 0.38) (all p < 0.005). Interestingly, % change in IL-8 and % change in CCL5 serially mediated the relationship between change in tonsil size and % change in AHI (total effect: β = 16.672, standard error = 8.274, p = 0.048).

CONCLUSION: These preliminary findings suggest that systemic inflammation is not only a complication of OSA but also that it mediates the surgical effects, which may open avenues for potential interventions to reduce tonsil size and OSA severity through the regulation of IL-8 and CCL5.

PMID:36989493 | DOI:10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000921

J Gerontol Nurs. 2023 Apr;49(4):33-38. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20230309-06. Epub 2023 Apr 1.

ABSTRACT

Outpatient programs have been challenged to find ways to deliver services while adhering to coronavirus disease protocols. Our Geriatric Day Hospital (GDH) Falls Clinic changed from a 6-week in-house program to an outreach program incorporating telephone assessments and home visits. We evaluated whether the outreach program was effective in improving patient outcomes in 23 serially enrolled clients. Statistically significant gains were achieved with falls, Berg Balance Scale scores, functional reach measurements, and pain management scores. Access to social support from family or friends led to higher implementation of recommendations. There was an inability to predict which clients would improve from an outreach program, but it was evident that the program benefited some clients and provided a viable alternative to an in-person program. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49(4), 33-38.].

PMID:36989475 | DOI:10.3928/00989134-20230309-06

J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2023 Apr;29(4):420-430. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2023.29.4.420.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Novel agents (NAs) (ibrutinib, idelalisib, and venetoclax) were first introduced in 2013 as therapeutic options to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). OBJECTIVES: To determine if the uptake of NAs for first-line treatment was similar in Black and White patients with CLL treated in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including adults with CLL managed in the VA from October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2017. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographic data, and appropriate bivariable statistical tests were used to compare NA use, baseline characteristics, health outcomes, and complications. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with uptake of NAs. The study included 565 patients; 86% were White and 14% were Black. Black patients were younger than White patients (median age [66 vs 69 years; P < 0.01]) but had similar median baseline Charlson comorbidity scores (4 vs 5). RESULTS: Overall, Black patients were less likely to receive NAs than White patients (14% vs 26%; P = 0.02). The gap narrowed over the study period: 4% vs 17% (2014), 13% vs 25% (2015), 17% vs 33% (2016), and 31% vs 33% (2017). Black race (P = 0.02) and fiscal year (P < 0.01) were the only variables significantly associated with NA use in the multivariable model. Health outcomes and most complications were similar for Black and White patients despite the difference in prescribing patterns. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to identify a potential health disparity with respect to use of NAs among Black and White patients with CLL treated in the VA. Fortunately, health outcomes and most complications were similar for Black and White patients despite the difference in prescribing patterns. DISCLOSURES: Funding for the study was provided by AstraZeneca as a research grant to the Foundation for Advancing Veterans’ Health Research (FAVHR), a non-profit entity within the Audie L. Murphy Veterans Hospital, San Antonio, TX. Drs Nooruddin and Frei have received research grants (paid to FAVHR) from AstraZeneca in the last 3 years. Ms Ryan is an employee of AstraZeneca. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Institutes of Health, or the authors’ affiliated institutions.

PMID:36989449 | DOI:10.18553/jmcp.2023.29.4.420