Tag: nevin manimala

J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2025 Nov 18:1-11. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2025.2579873. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO₂) treatment is used to treat a variety of conditions, but its effects on cognitive functioning are inconsistently assessed. This scoping review identifies the current literature on cognitive testing in relation to HBO₂ treatment.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to 1) identify which cognitive domains have been investigated in relation to HBO₂; 2) identify the neurocognitive tests used; and 3) propose a standardized cognitive assessment program applicable to future HBO₂ clinical trials.

METHODS: A systematic search of four databases was conducted up to March 2025 for clinical studies involving adult patients treated with HBO₂, with neurocognitive testing as one of the outcomes. Cognitive domains were categorized using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria, and test sensitivity was evaluated in randomized controlled trials.

RESULTS: Of 3,238 records, 98 studies published between 1963 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria. The findings reveal considerable variation in the cognitive domains investigated and in the assessment methods employed, reflecting the diversity of disorders treated and a lack of consensus in the field of HBO₂ treatment. To improve consistency and comparability across future HBO₂ research, we propose a standardized, computerized cognitive test battery assessing psychomotor speed, attention, memory, and executive function.

PMID:41251096 | DOI:10.1080/13803395.2025.2579873

Brain Behav. 2025 Nov;15(11):e71087. doi: 10.1002/brb3.71087.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To identify genetic loci associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) through a genome-wide meta-analysis, to screen for druggable genes significantly linked to PD risk, and evaluate their potential as therapeutic targets.

METHODS: Data from DGIdb, GeneCards, and the Finan genomic resource were integrated to identify candidate therapeutic genes associated with PD. Genome-wide meta-analysis was conducted using GWAS data from the International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium and FinnGen, involving 1,851,374 participants. Mendelian randomization (MR), colocalization analysis, and phenome wide association studies (PheWAS) were conducted to validate the associations between the identified genes and PD. Furthermore, knockout mouse models from the Mouse Genome Informatics were analyzed to validate PD-related phenotypes, and DSigDB was utilized to predict potential therapeutic compounds.

RESULTS: We identified several therapeutic genes significantly associated with PD risk. Colocalization analysis suggested shared causal genetic variants between these genes and PD. PheWAS further revealed that GCLC and GFPT1 exhibit limited pleiotropic effects across other traits. Eight potential compounds were identified through DSigDB predictions.

CONCLUSION: Through genome-wide meta-analysis, MR, colocalization, and PheWAS, we identified genetic loci associated with PD and assessed GCLC and GFPT1 as potential therapeutic targets.

PMID:41251092 | DOI:10.1002/brb3.71087

J Health Psychol. 2025 Nov 18:13591053251386383. doi: 10.1177/13591053251386383. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to understand the status of undergraduate nursing students’ subjective well-being and psychological flexibility in China, and to explore their correlation, providing evidence for psychological health interventions. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1609 full-time undergraduate nursing students from 20 Chinese universities, by convenience and snowball sampling. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, Index of Well-being and Index of General Affect, and Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS25.0. The findings revealed that Chinese undergraduate nursing students had moderate subjective well-being and psychological flexibility. Students with higher psychological flexibility demonstrated greater subjective well-being, and vice versa. Among dimensions of psychological flexibility, behavioural awareness was the most significant contributor to higher subjective well-being. These results provide theoretical evidence on current status of their subjective well-being and psychological flexibility, highlighting the importance of better psychological flexibility to higher subjective well-being.

PMID:41251076 | DOI:10.1177/13591053251386383

Small. 2025 Nov 18:e09928. doi: 10.1002/smll.202509928. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This investigation demonstrates the cold sintering process (CSP) enabling remarkable densification of microporous zeolite 13X while preserving intrinsic structural integrity. Using sequential one-factor-at-a-time optimization, both H₂O- and NaOH-assisted CSP pathways are comprehensively evaluated through XRD, TGA, SEM, HR-TEM, BET analysis, and statistical validation. Water-assisted CSP (10 wt.%, 350 MPa, 220 °C, 90 min, 5 °C min^-1) achieves 82.1 ± 1% relative density via controlled dissolution-reprecipitation mechanisms. Heckel analysis reveals yield pressures (P_y) = 10.93-12.20 MPa (R² > 0.97), confirming a nonlinear deformation behavior. Hierarchical porosity is successfully maintained (BET surface area = 559.11 m² g^-1; micropore volume = 0.28 cm³ g^-1). NaOH-assisted CSP (5 M NaOH, 25 wt.%, 350 MPa, 200 °C, 60 min, 5 °C min^-1) achieves exceptional densification of 99.1 ± 0.5% (geometric) and 98.7 ± 0.5% (Archimedes) relative density. Enhanced nonlinear densification is evidenced by reduced P_y values (1.77-2.17 MPa, R² > 0.98). Despite near-theoretical densification, intrinsic porosity remains intact (BET = 422.01 m² g^-1; micropore volume = 0.21 cm³ g^-1). Statistical ANOVA analysis confirms excellent reproducibility (F < 1 × 10^-5, p = 0.99) and significant pressure dependency. Both pathways preserve crystallographic integrity and thermal stability to 800 °C, achieving ≈80-90% energy reduction compared to conventional sintering, demonstrating CSP’s potential for sustainable ceramic processing.

PMID:41251045 | DOI:10.1002/smll.202509928

Epilepsia. 2025 Nov 18. doi: 10.1111/epi.70022. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether initiation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is associated with seizure recurrence and related outcomes in adults with epilepsy and type 2 diabetes.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using de-identified electronic health records from the TriNetX Research Network (January 2003-August 2025), including adults ≥18 years with ≥3 epilepsy or recurrent seizure diagnoses. Patients initiating a GLP-1 RA (exenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, or tirzepatide) without prior comparator therapy were compared with those initiating other glucose-lowering agents (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, sulfonylureas, or insulin) without GLP-1 RA exposure. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed on 82 covariates, yielding 8688 matched pairs. Outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.

RESULTS: After matching, the mean age was 52.6 years, and 67.6% were female. Median follow-up was 514 days (interquartile range [IQR] 671) for GLP-1 RA initiators and 415 days (IQR 769) for comparators. GLP-1 RA initiation was associated with lower risk of seizure recurrence (HR .82, 95% confidence interval [CI] .78-.86; RD -2.1%), hospitalization (HR .35, 95% CI .29-.43; RD -2.6%), and all-cause mortality (HR .40, 95% CI .34-.47; RD -4.8%). Associations with status epilepticus (HR .75, 95% CI .66-.85; RD -.7%) and ICU admission (HR .82, 95% CI .69-.96; RD -.3%) were smaller; the latter was not statistically significant.

SIGNIFICANCE: In this large multinational cohort, GLP-1 RA initiation was associated with reduced risks of seizure recurrence, hospitalization, and mortality compared with other glucose-lowering therapies. These hypothesis-generating findings warrant confirmation in prospective studies before translation into clinical practice.

PMID:41251033 | DOI:10.1111/epi.70022

Clin J Pain. 2025 Nov 18. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000001342. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs) that often require inpatient care. Parenteral opioids are recommended as first-line VOE treatment in hospitalized patients. The Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM) survey was used to screen for aberrant opioid use in SCD patients hospitalized for VOE. Goals were to estimate the proportion of positive screens and evaluate associations with length of stay (LOS), electronic health record (EHR) data, and Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) assessments.

METHODS: SCD patients hospitalized for VOE were approached to complete COMM surveys. Descriptive statistics and multivariate modeling were used to evaluate whether COMM results were associated with LOS or secondary variables.

RESULTS: 111 patients were approached and 89 completed surveys. Approximately 6 in 10 (57.3%) respondents screened positive for aberrant opioid use using a sensitive COMM threshold (≥9). A more specific threshold (≥13) identified about 3 in 10 (31.7%) of respondents. Positive COMM screens were more common among younger patients and those with a higher EHR risk index (Epic general risk score). COMM score was positively correlated with LOS (Spearman r=0.25, P=0.025), although this association was non-significant in survival models adjusted for sex and age (P≥0.081).

DISCUSSION: A high proportion of adults admitted for VOE screened positively using the COMM survey, which is a sensitive indicator of opioid misuse among outpatients. Our findings demonstrate feasibility of inpatient screening using the COMM survey and support further investigation of this tool for SCD patients hospitalized with VOE.

PMID:41251024 | DOI:10.1097/AJP.0000000000001342

Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2025 Dec;137(6):e70139. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.70139.

ABSTRACT

Queries from healthcare professionals to drug information centres may represent drug-related aspects of importance in healthcare. In this study, queries and replies from all drug information centres in Sweden, published on svelic.se (January 2023 to May 2024) and specifically related to the discipline of pharmacy, were explored. Pharmaceutical queries were defined in an iterative process starting with seven definitions of ‘pharmacy’ and independent assessments by two assessors. Three categories emerged: galenic queries, lookup queries and pharmacy practice queries. Out of 767 studied queries, 60 (8%) were categorised as pharmaceutical (kappa: 0.84), distributed across galenic (n = 46), lookup (n = 12) and pharmacy practice queries (n = 2). Galenic queries primarily concerned crushing or splitting of medications (n = 13), alternative routes of administration (n = 12) or compatibility (n = 10). Out of 21 drugs asked about in crushing/splitting-related queries, six lacked information in the national Medication Crushing Database. Out of nine specific drug pairs asked about in compatibility queries, two were incompatible, and information regarding seven was not obtainable from the national Pharmaceutical Compatibility Database. In conclusion, almost one tenth of queries to drug information centres in Sweden, recorded on svelic.se, were specifically pharmaceutical. The requested information was often for crushing/splitting-related queries, and seldom for compatibility queries, accessible from the knowledge resources.

PMID:41251016 | DOI:10.1111/bcpt.70139

Clin J Pain. 2025 Nov 19. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000001343. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise in managing chronic pain but often require substantial time commitments, leading to high attrition and concerns about acceptability. This meta-analysis evaluated attrition rates in MBIs for chronic pain and examined moderators contributing to participant withdrawal.

METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched relevant databases for studies of MBIs for pain. Eligible studies included randomised controlled trials, controlled trials, and quasi-experimental designs that reported attrition data for adults (≥18 y) with chronic pain lasting over 3 months. Data extraction covered attrition metrics, program characteristics, and participant demographics. Statistical analyses included random-effects meta-analyses of proportions, sensitivity analyses, meta-regression, and publication bias assessments.

RESULTS: Forty-four studies (45 intervention conditions) were included. The pooled attrition rate was 30.1% (95% CI: 24.5% to 37.3%) with substantial heterogeneity (I²=89.0%). Attrition increased with stricter completion thresholds (minimum sessions required for programme completion status) (P<0.001, R²=28.1%): 18.0% (≥3-4 sessions), 31.6% (≥5-6 sessions), and 49.7% (>6 sessions). Online delivery showed higher attrition (51.0%) than in-person delivery (25.6%, P=0.002, R²=17.1%). Individually delivered MBIs were also associated with higher attrition than group formats (β=0.216, P=0.039, R²=5.5%). Publication bias analyses suggested minor influence on the pooled effect, which remained robust after adjustment.

DISCUSSION: Attrition rates for MBIs in chronic pain vary widely. Higher attrition is associated with stricter completion criteria, online delivery, and individual formats. These findings highlight the need to optimise MBI programme structure for management of pain.

PMID:41250993 | DOI:10.1097/AJP.0000000000001343

Epilepsia. 2025 Nov 18. doi: 10.1111/epi.70017. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Acute symptomatic seizures (ASyS) occur in up to 30% of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) when continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) is used, potentially worsening outcomes. Identification of early EEG biomarkers of ASyS may help guide personalized antiseizure medication (ASM) prophylaxis. Here, we aimed to describe early interictal EEG patterns, their dynamics, and their association with seizure risk, considering the effect of prophylactic levetiracetam.

METHODS: This prospective analysis used data from the PEACH phase 3 trial (2017-2020), which enrolled adults with acute spontaneous supratentorial ICH, randomized to receive levetiracetam or placebo. Patients underwent systematic 48-h cEEG within 48 h of symptom onset. Electrographic seizures and interictal EEG patterns were analyzed using standardized terminology of the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society. Associations between rhythmic and periodic patterns (RPPs) and seizures with clinical and radiological variables were assessed using univariate analyses. We also conducted exploratory testing of the CAV (cortical involvement, age < 65 years, volume > 10 mL) score for predicting ASyS, incorporating RPPs and ASM exposure.

RESULTS: Forty-two patients were included (median [Q1-Q3] age = 72 [60-79] years, 29% women), 19 in the levetiracetam group. Interictal EEG abnormalities were common and not influenced by ASM, including background asymmetry (73%), sporadic epileptiform discharges (62%), and RPPs (52%). RPPs were associated with ICH volume (p = .039) and cortical involvement (p = .003). Among patients with RPPs, 50% developed ASyS (20% in those treated with ASM vs. 75% in untreated patients, p = .030). Most patients (91.7%) with seizures had RPPs that preceded seizures, in >90% cases by 12 (Q1-Q3 = 4-25) h. Integrating RPPs into the CAV model led to an improvement of ASyS prediction (area under the curve = .949 vs. .918, p = .53) that was statistically nonsignificant.

SIGNIFICANCE: RPPs are strong markers of ictogenesis in acute ICH and precede ASyS, thus offering a potential therapeutic window. These findings support the use of early cEEG for risk stratification and personalized ASM prophylaxis.

PMID:41250972 | DOI:10.1111/epi.70017

Int J Eat Disord. 2025 Nov 18. doi: 10.1111/eat.70004. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Program-led and focused models may overcome structural barriers to accessing ED care, such as limited availability, for youth with EDs by prioritizing strategic, evidence-based care delivered through a structured approach. The Rapid Intervention to Support Eating Issues (RISE) pilot aimed to promote weight restoration and prevent hospitalization among malnourished adolescents at risk for hospitalization. We used a “home hospital” approach, integrating medical oversight, family-based treatment principles, and nutritional support via structured outpatient care.

METHODS: Participants completed 4-5 visits with adolescent medicine and nutrition over 8 weeks. They received psychoeducation and support in implementing home hospital. Vital signs, anthropometrics, dietary intake, ED behaviors, and cognitions were assessed.

RESULTS: A total of 27 patients participated. Patients experienced low hospitalization rates (n = 1 throughout; 3.7%) and significant weight gain (M_{end of treatment} = +2.7 kg from baseline, 95% CI: 2.6-4.7). There were statistically significant increases in calorie intake (M_baseline = 43.3% of recommendation; M_{end of treatment} = 76.0% of recommendation; dz = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.45-1.50) and decreases in the report of disordered weight control behaviors (n reporting at baseline = 10 [37%], n reporting at end of treatment = 3 [11.1%]; paired RD = -1.00, 95% CI: -1.00–0.33).

DISCUSSION: This program-led and focused intervention produced meaningful outcomes and circumvented hospitalization for youth at high risk in a short time frame. This approach offers promise for scalable, early ED care that leverages programmatic expertise, consistent with evolving models of mental health service delivery.

PMID:41250963 | DOI:10.1111/eat.70004