Tag: nevin manimala

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2023 Apr 5;142:105819. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105819. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of intaglio ceramic surface treatments, resin cement viscosities, and storage regimens on the microshear bond strength of lithium disilicate ceramic. In addition, to investigate the dynamic viscosity of the resin-based luting agents.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ceramic slices were randomly allocated into eight groups (n = 19) considering three factors: ceramic surface treatment (hydrofluoric acid followed by silane, HF; or self-etching ceramic primer, E&P), resin cement viscosity (high, HIGH; or low, LOW) and storage regimen (baseline or aging). Surface treatments were performed, resin cement cylinders were built and microshear bond strength tests (μSBS, wire-loop method, speed: 1.0 mm/min) were run according to the storage factor. Failure mode, topographic and dynamic viscosity (37 °C; shear rate of 1.0-100 s^-1) of resin cement components (base, high and low catalyst) were also performed.

RESULTS: Resin cement viscosity and the association among ceramic surface treatment, resin cement viscosity, and storage regimen were statistically significant factors (p < 0.05). Worse behavior was identified for the E&P_HIGH group compared to the E&P_LOW and HF_LOW in the baseline condition. After aging, the HF_HIGH group (16.78 MPa) presented the worst result among the aged groups (21.44-25.25 MPa). Most of the failures were adhesive. Surface micrographs revealed a distinct pattern after etching, more aggressive by HF and milder by E&P. High viscosity catalyst is 5.3 and 8.5-fold more viscous than the base and low viscosity catalyst, respectively (high > base > low).

CONCLUSION: Differences in filler content can impact the resin viscosity of the material (more fillers increase the viscosity), which in turn can influence the bond strength of a lithium disilicate ceramic, depending on the surface treatment and storage regimen.

PMID:37062098 | DOI:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105819

Cancer Med. 2023 Apr 16. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5918. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: An ever-increasing number of efforts are focused on identifying effective biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Cytokines and chemokines are critical to tumor growth, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and the immune response against tumor cells. In the study here, we determined the correlation between circulating cytokines/chemokines and the clinical benefit of ICIs for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected before and during treatment (at 12th week). Plasma levels of cytokines/chemokines and specific stress response markers were measured using the Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokines Grp I Panel (27-plex), an APEX1 detection kit, and a human LAP(TGF-β1) immunoassay kit. A Mann-Whitney U-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test and a Cox proportional hazards model were employed for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: In the ICI monotherapy cohort, a high level of IL-6 at pretreatment or an elevation of IL-6, IL-8, FGF2, CXCL10, CCR1, PDFGB, TNF, and APEX1 posttreatment was associated with poor progress-free survival (PFS). A posttreatment elevation (defined herein as change rate) of CXCL10 was also associated with poor overall survival (OS). In the combinational therapy group, a high level of IL-12, IL-17A, FGF2, VEGF, and APEX1 at pretreatment and an elevation of CCL2 posttreatment were associated with poor PFS. A high level of IL-9, FGF2, PDFGB, CCL4, TFGB, and APEX1 at pretreatment and an elevation of IL-13, CSF2, and CCL2 at posttreatment were associated with poor OS of patients receiving combination therapy.

CONCLUSIONS: The study here suggests that circulating cytokines/chemokines are feasible, noninvasive biomarkers for predicting clinical benefit of ICI treatment for NSCLC. Distinct circulating factor profiles were observed in individuals receiving ICI monotherapy or combination therapy.

PMID:37062076 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.5918

Cancer Med. 2023 Apr 16. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5895. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To clarify the necessity and effect of a single intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy.

METHODS: Patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2013 and April 2019 were retrospectively evaluated and divided into a non-instillation group and an instillation group according to the intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to determine the clinical predictors of overall survival and disease-free survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests were performed to analyze overall survival and disease-free survival.

RESULTS: Of the 320 patients who were enrolled in the study, 113 underwent radical cystectomy with intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy. Univariate Cox analysis showed that intraoperative instillation was not a risk factor for overall survival or disease-free survival (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.66-1.63, p = 0.864; HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.76-1.62, p = 0.602, respectively). As shown in the Kaplan-Meier analysis, no significant differences were noted in overall survival (p = 0.857) and disease-free survival (p = 0.600) between the two groups. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that intraoperative instillation was not associated with a statistically better overall survival and disease-free survival in the nonmuscle invasive (p = 0.852 and 0.836) and muscle-invasive (p = 0.929 and 0.805) patients.

CONCLUSION: A single intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy was not related to better disease-free survival or overall survival. It is unnecessary to consider single instillation of chemotherapy as a regular procedure during radical cystectomy.

PMID:37062074 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.5895

Cancer Med. 2023 Apr 16. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5917. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the efficacy of comprehensive therapies, including immunotherapy, for gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastases (GCLM). We retrospectively compared the effect of immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy alone as conversion therapies on the oncological outcomes of patients with GCLM.

METHODS: The clinicopathological data of 100 patients with GCLM from February 2017 to October 2021 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into immunochemotherapy (n = 33) and chemotherapy-alone (n = 67) groups.

RESULTS: Baseline clinicopathological data did not differ significantly between the two groups. The immunochemotherapy group had a higher overall response rate (59.4% vs. 44.0%, p = 0.029) and disease control rate (71.9% vs. 49.2%, p = 0.036) than the chemotherapy group. The immunochemotherapy group showed better tumor regression in the gastric mass, metastatic lymph nodes, and liver lesions than the chemotherapy group. Ten (30.3%) patients in the immunochemotherapy group and 13 (19.4%) patients in the chemotherapy group underwent surgery after conversion therapy. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were better in the immunochemotherapy group than in the chemotherapy group. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 24 (72.7%) and 47 (70.1%) patients in the immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy groups, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: As a conversion therapy for GCLM, immunotherapy yielded better primary and metastatic tumor regression and survival benefits, with no increase in adverse events compared to chemotherapy.

PMID:37062073 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.5917

Clin Transplant. 2023 Apr 16:e14994. doi: 10.1111/ctr.14994. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has demonstrated that transplantation of hearts with blood culture positive donors (BCPDs) to pediatric recipients is safe and effective. Few studies have analyzed the effect of BCPD on adult heart transplant recipients.

METHODS: The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was retrospectively reviewed from September, 1987 to March, 2021. Exclusion criteria included pediatric donors/recipients, donor ejection fraction <10% or >85%, inactive listed recipients, donors missing blood cultures, and recipients missing follow-up time. Outcomes were compared with fully adjusted logistic models. To account for discrepancies in BCPD and non-BCPD covariates, an inverse proportionally weighted model with regression adjustment (IPWRA) was used.

RESULTS: A total of 60 592 donors were non-BCPD, while 4009 were BCPD. 7% of hearts not transplanted were BCPD, while 6% of hearts transplanted were BCPD (p = .001). These rates have been nearly constant since 2005. There were no differences in short term survival between the two groups in the adjusted or IPWRA models (p = .103 and .277, respectively). Additionally, the BCPD group had longer ischemic time (3.24 vs. 3.06 h, p < .001), older donor age (32.73 vs. 31.65 years, p < .001), and older recipient age (52.76 vs. 52.09 years, p = .001). The IPWRA revealed an average additional 3.4 years of overall survival and 2.25 years of graft function for BCPD versus non-BCPD recipients, although these results failed to reach statistical significance (p = .387 and .527, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: Given the need for more donor hearts, donors with positive blood cultures should be considered. Great care in evaluating such patients is advised to eliminate donors with untreated infections, while carefully selected donors can be considered and used.

PMID:37062052 | DOI:10.1111/ctr.14994

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2023 Apr 16. doi: 10.1007/s00432-023-04741-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: For patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP), treatment options are limited. Precision oncology, the interplay of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and targeted therapies, aims to offer additional treatment options to patients with advanced and hard-to-treat cancers. We aimed to highlight the use of a molecular tumor board (MTB) in the therapeutic management of CUP patients.

METHODS: In this single-center observational study, CUP patients, presented to the MTB of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich LMU, a tertiary care center, were analyzed retrospectively. Descriptive statistics were applied to describe relevant findings.

RESULTS: Between June 2016 and February 2022, 61 patients with unfavorable CUP were presented to the MTB, detected clinically relevant variants in 74% (45/61) of patients, of which 64% (29/45) led to therapeutic recommendation. In four out of 29 patients (14%), the treatment recommendations were implemented, unfortunately without resulting in clinical benefit. Reasons for not following the therapeutic recommendation were mainly caused by the physicians’ choice of another therapy (9/25, 36%), especially in the context of worsening of general condition, lost to follow-up (7/25, 28%) and death (6/25, 24%).

CONCLUSION: CGP and subsequent presentation to a molecular tumor board led to a high rate of therapeutic recommendations in patients with CUP. Recommendations were only implemented at a low rate; however, late GCP diagnostic and, respectively, MTB referral were found more frequent for the patients with implemented treatment. This contrast underscores the need for early implementation of CGP into the management of CUP patients.

PMID:37062035 | DOI:10.1007/s00432-023-04741-y

Int Ophthalmol. 2023 Apr 16. doi: 10.1007/s10792-023-02704-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To quantitatively assess the development of peripheral anterior synechia (PAS) formation rate and PAS locations on gonioscopic examination following gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) surgery and investigate the surgical outcomes.

METHODS: A total of 35 eyes from 31 patients with open angle glaucoma who underwent GATT or combined GATT and phacoemulsification surgery were analyzed. Presence of PAS was assessed on gonioscopy in nasal, temporal, superior and inferior quadrants at months 1, 3 and 6 following surgery. Surgical outcomes were also noted.

RESULTS: Frequencies of PAS formation were 38.3%, 25.3%, 17.0% and 19.1% at postoperative 1 month, 34.0%, 26.4%, 17% and 22.6% at postoperative 3 months and 32.3%, 25.8%, 16.1% and 25.8% at postoperative 6 months, in nasal, temporal, superior and inferior quadrants, respectively. The highest amount of PAS involvement was 3 clock hours in the study which was identified only in nasal and inferior quadrants. Frequency of PAS formation did not significantly differ between nasal, temporal, superior and inferior quadrants at all time points (p > 0.05). No significant differences of mean IOP levels were observed between patients who developed PAS and who did not develop PAS at postoperative 1 month (p = 0.72), 3 months (p = 0.21) and 6 months (p = 0.59). The mean IOP and mean number of antiglaucoma medications decreased from 31.5 ± 7.2 mmHg and 3.6 ± 0.6 at baseline to 13.8 ± 3.1 mmHg and 1.6 ± 1.3 at postoperative 6 months, respectively (p < 0.001, for both). Cumulative success rate (95% confidence interval) was 74.3% (69.9-78.6%) at the end of the study. Mild to moderate degrees of hyphema occurred in all cases postoperatively.

CONCLUSION: Although PAS formation was observed to be relatively higher in nasal quadrant, PAS frequency was not statistically different between the angle quadrants.

PMID:37062015 | DOI:10.1007/s10792-023-02704-3

J Public Health (Oxf). 2023 Apr 12:fdad031. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad031. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To support interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B and fill gaps in surveillance, the Enhanced Surveillance of Antenatal Hepatitis B (ESAHB) programme was implemented in London from 2008 to 2018 to collect demographic information on women who tested positive for hepatitis B during antenatal screening. We describe the epidemiology of hepatitis B in pregnancy, as reported to ESAHB.

METHODS: The characteristics of pregnant women living with hepatitis B were described and rates were calculated by year, local authority and residence deprivation decile (1 being most deprived). Poisson regression tested the association between pregnant women living with hepatitis B and deprivation decile.

RESULTS: Between 2008 and 2018, 8879 women living with hepatitis B in London (0.35 per 1000 women) reported 11 193 pregnancies. Annual hepatitis B rates remained stable, but there was strong evidence for an inverse association between rate and deprivation decile (P < 0.001). The majority of women in the cohort presented late to antenatal care, were born outside the UK in a hepatitis B endemic area or required an interpreter for consultations.

CONCLUSIONS: ESAHB provided important data to inform service quality improvements for women living with hepatitis B. This analysis highlights the link between deprivation and hepatitis B.

PMID:37061977 | DOI:10.1093/pubmed/fdad031

Neurol Res. 2023 Apr 16:1-5. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2203609. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, autoimmune, and progressive neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system with an unknown etiology. Based on the gender differences in epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of multiple sclerosis, the role of sex hormones and their receptors in this disease has been considered. A single nucleotide polymorphism located in the exon 4 of progesterone receptor, rs1042838 (G/T -Val660Leu), was associated with reduced progesterone receptor activity. We aimed to investigate the association of this polymorphism with the risk of multiple sclerosis.

METHOD: A total of 426 individuals were included in the present study, including 200 patients and 226 age and sex adjusted healthy controls in Iranian population. The target SNP was genotyped using PCR-RFLP, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 and by ꭓ2 and logistic regression tests.

RESULTS: The results showed that the allele T acts as a risk allele, so that the genotypes TG and TT significantly increase RRMS susceptibility compared to the genotype GG.

CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that Val660Leu polymorphism might be a risk factor for the development of RRMS.

PMID:37061938 | DOI:10.1080/01616412.2023.2203609

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2023 Apr 17. doi: 10.12932/AP-081122-1498. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nasal steroids are commonly prescribed to reduce nasal side effects, which are the primary cause of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) intolerance in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.

OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of OSA patients to assess the effect of nasal steroids on CPAP compliance and nasal symptoms.

METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane Library were searched through March 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of nasal steroids on CPAP compliance in adult patients, which reported quantitative data on CPAP use and nasal symptoms, were included.

RESULTS: Three RCTs (224 patients) were eligible for the meta-analysis. At the 4-week follow-up, the study did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in CPAP compliance (average hours of CPAP use per night: mean difference 0.45; 95% confident interval (CI) (-0.01, 0.90); P = 0.06, percentage of nights device used: mean difference 1.79; 95%CI (-2.59, 6.17); P = 0.42). There was also no difference in overall nasal symptoms (mean difference 0.47, 95%CI (-0.00, 0.94); P = 0.05), with significantly more sneezing and rhinorrhea among patients with nasal steroids (sneezing: mean difference 0.64, 95%CI (0.23, 1.05); P = 0.002, rhinorrhea: mean difference 0.78, 95%CI (0.24, 1.31); P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS: At the 4-week follow-up, the pooled results did not demonstrate significant benefits of nasal steroids on CPAP compliance. There was also no significant benefit for relieving nasal symptoms. To further explore the benefit of nasal steroids on CPAP use, additional, longer-term studies are required.

PMID:37061937 | DOI:10.12932/AP-081122-1498