Tag: nevin manimala

Environ Technol. 2022 Aug 31:1-16. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2103742. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Tropical soils are often deeply weathered and vulnerable to degradation having low pH and unfavorable Al/Fe levels, which can constrain crop production. This study aims to examine nitrogen-enriched novel biochar co-composts prepared from rice straw, maize stover, and gram residue in various mixing ratios of the biochar and their feedstock materials for the amelioration of acidic tropical soil. Three pristine biochar and six co-composts were prepared, characterized, and evaluated for improving the chemical and biological quality of the soil against a conventional lime treatment. The pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium carbonate equivalence (CCE) and nitrogen content of co-composts varied between 7.78-8.86, 25.3-30.5 cmol (p⁺) kg^-1, 25.5-30.5%, and 0.81-1.05%, respectively. The co-compost prepared from gram residue biochar mixed with maize stover at a 1:7 dry-weight ratio showed the highest rise in soil pH and CEC, giving an identical performance with the lime treatment and significantly better effect (p < .05) than the unamended control. Agglomerates of calcite and dolomite in biochar co-composts, and surface functional groups contributed to pH neutralization and increased CEC of the amended soil. The co-composts also significantly (p < .05) increased the dehydrogenase (1.87 µg TPF g^-1 soil h^-1), β-glucosidase (90 µg PNP g^-1 soil h^-1), and leucine amino peptidase (3.22 µmol MUC g^-1 soil h^-1) enzyme activities in the soil, thereby improving the soil’s biological quality. The results of this study are encouraging for small-scale farmers in tropical developing countries to sustainably reutilize crop residues via biochar-based co-composting technology.

PMID:36045480 | DOI:10.1080/09593330.2022.2103742

Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2022 Aug 31;64(4):649-654. doi: 10.3897/folmed.64.e67800.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Many authors in their research have suggested an association between vitamin D and asthma, but the results from these publications are sometimes confusing.

AIM: Our aim was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D and lung function in patients previously diagnosed with asthma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study started in September 2019 and was completed in May 2020. All patients were diagnosed at the University Clinical Center-Prishtina, Kosovo. Spirometry was performed on children of ages 6-16 years old with a spirometer according to the recommendations of the American Thoracic Society.

RESULTS: Of the 57 children who visited the University Clinical Center of Kosovo-Department of Pediatrics, 29 were diagnosed with asthma. The Spearman coefficient correlation showed statistical significance between vitamin D and body weight, and vitamin D and FEF75% at level 0.05. Other parameters did not show statistical significance with vitamin D, but such statistical significance was found in other parameters between asthma and healthy groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that serum vitamin D level was insignificant for FVC%, FEV1%, Tiffeneau Index values, and PEF. Statistical significance was observed between vitamin D and body weight; vitamin D and FEF75% (p=0.05).

PMID:36045472 | DOI:10.3897/folmed.64.e67800

Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2022 Aug 31;64(4):588-595. doi: 10.3897/folmed.64.e63528.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The present clinical study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of 5 types of mouthwash based on different active substances.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 180 patients divided into 6 groups of 30 patients, each group rinsing with one of the following types of mouthwash based on: essential oils, combination of essential oils and 0.12% chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide (0.8%), prebiotic, 0.2% chlorhexidine, and placebo. All participants underwent professional mechanical plaque removal after which they were instructed to rinse with 15 ml mouthwash 2 times a day for 21 days. During the study period, patients were monitored at days 0, 14, and 21, examining oral hygiene index, gingival index, bleeding index, and presence of side effects.

RESULTS: Gingival index, bleeding index, and oral hygiene index were reduced statistically significantly in all treatment groups. Adjunctive use of mouthwashes demonstrated better clinical effectiveness compared to mechanical plaque control (and placebo mouthwash). The gingival index and the plaque index were reduced most significantly in the group using mouthwash with hydrogen peroxide. The bleeding index decrease was most significant in the group using 0.2% chlorhexidine.

CONCLUSIONS: All tested mouthwashes demonstrated significant clinical effectiveness in different degrees in gingivitis treatment. New formulas with prebiotic and combination of essential oils and chlorhexidine indicate promising effectiveness.

PMID:36045468 | DOI:10.3897/folmed.64.e63528

Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2022 Aug 31;64(4):655-660. doi: 10.3897/folmed.64.e72175.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Myelofibrosis (MF) belongs to a group of conditions known as Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Bleeding or various vascular complications could be the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with MF. MPNrelated thrombosis is a multifactorial process and in the case of myelofibrosis, little is known. The risk factors for thrombotic complications in MF have been rarely assessed.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of thrombotic events in MF and the role of JAK2 V617F mutation as a risk factor for thrombotic incidents in patients with MF.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study of 37 patients, 35% had thrombotic events in the past. All patients were admitted to the Clinic of Hematology, St Ivan Rilski University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria between 2016 and 2019 and diagnosed based on the WHO criteria of 2016.

RESULTS: The majority of patients (23, 62%) proved positive for JAK2 (Janus kinase) V617F mutation carrying one (16, 70%) or two (7, 30%) mutated alleles. Thirteen of the patients (35%) had a thrombotic event in the past and 9 of them (69%) were carriers of JAK2 V617F mutation. Fourteen patients of those without thrombotic history (24, 58%) were also carriers of JAK2 V617F mutation.

CONCLUSIONS: As a whole, we did not find a statistically significant difference between JAK2 V617F mutation and the frequency of thrombotic events. Rendering an account to the possible life-threatening complications, treatment decisions should be undertaken upon possible antithrombotic prevention in MF.

PMID:36045460 | DOI:10.3897/folmed.64.e72175

BMC Rheumatol. 2022 Sep 1;6(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s41927-022-00298-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This post-hoc analysis of two phase III studies in patients with PsA treated with tofacitinib assessed dactylitis by location, and the impact on patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

METHODS: Patients received tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily (BID), or placebo. Endpoints included change from baseline in Dactylitis Severity Score (DSS), proportions of patients with dactylitis, Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), and PROs (Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index [HAQ-DI]; Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue [FACIT-F]; Short Form-36 Health Survey [SF-36] Physical Component Summary [PCS], Mental Component Summary [MCS], and physical functioning [PF]; arthritis pain; and Work Limitations Questionnaire [WLQ]). Descriptive statistics were generated by visit and treatment. Change from baseline in PROs were evaluated by multivariate linear regression.

RESULTS: The analysis included 373/337 patients with baseline DSS > 0/DSS = 0. Regardless of location, DSS improvements in patients with DSS > 0 were greater from month 1 with tofacitinib (10 mg BID) versus placebo. For patients with DSS > 0/DSS = 0, both doses of tofacitinib led to mean dactylitis presence ≤ 15%/< 2% for all digits at month 6, and PASDAS (by dactylitis location) was lower versus placebo at month 3. Dactylitis location was not significantly associated with change from baseline in PROs.

CONCLUSION: Tofacitinib resulted in sustained improvements in dactylitis irrespective of location, with minimal emergence of new dactylitis. Trial registration NCT01877668; NCT01882439.

PMID:36045453 | DOI:10.1186/s41927-022-00298-4

Head Face Med. 2022 Aug 31;18(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s13005-022-00332-3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: During the obturation procedure, sealer extrusion occurs in some cases. iRoot SP is a kind of bioceramic sealer with superior physicochemical and biological properties. This article reports the outcome of iRoot SP extrusion in root canal treatment and the potential factors associated with the outcome.

METHODS: Ninety-nine patients and one hundred and eighty-five teeth treated between 2014 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. All of the cases were filled with a single-cone technique and the iRoot SP sealer. The minimum follow-up visit period was 1 year. The outcome was evaluated by clinical examination and radiographic examination at recall and was classified as healed, healing (success), or not healed (failure).

RESULTS: The overall success rate of all teeth was 96.8%. The success rate of adequately filled teeth was 97.3%, while that of iRoot SP extrusion was 95.8%; the difference was not statistically significant. Factors such as gender, age, tooth position, follow-up visit period, size of periapical lesion, treatment type and extruding sealer amount had no influence on the outcome of iRoot SP extruded teeth.

CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that iRoot SP extrusion has no adverse effect on the outcome of root canal treatment, which may contribute to the endodontic treatment.

PMID:36045447 | DOI:10.1186/s13005-022-00332-3

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Aug 31;23(1):826. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05781-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine whether nail size or the difference between canal and nail diameter (CN difference) affects the union rate and time of femoral shaft fracture treated with an interlocking intramedullary nail (IMN).

METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 257 patients with femoral shaft fractures treated with IMN at a tertiary trauma medical center. All the IMN inserted were the same (Stryker T2 Femoral Nail). The patients were divided into groups based on nail size (10-, 11-, 12-, or 13-mm) and CN difference (< 1, 1-2, or > 2 mm), and union rate and time to union were compared.

RESULTS: The 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-mm groups based on nail size had 113, 74, 54, and 16 patients, respectively. The overall union rate was 97% (257/265). No significant differences in union rate or time to union were observed among these 4 groups. The groups based on CN differences of < 1-, 1 to 2, and > 2 mm comprised 143, 79, and 35 patients, respectively. Again, no significant differences were noted in union rate or mean time to union among the groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Similar union rate and time to union were observed, regardless of nail size or CN difference. This finding indicates that most simple femoral shaft fractures can be treated with a standard, reamed 10-mm IMN. A larger nail insertion is unnecessary and presents more risks; comparatively, the use of a small nail with less reaming is simpler, requires shorter operative times, results in less blood loss, and is less expensive.

PMID:36045444 | DOI:10.1186/s12891-022-05781-0

Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2022 Aug 31;20(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s12969-022-00733-3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: During childhood, the most common periodic fever is periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. The effective treatment and prevention of febrile attacks improve these patients’ and their families’ quality of life. However, there is no single strategy or evidence-based guideline to manage this syndrome, and most of them are based on consensus treatment plans.

METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was carried out on 67 PFAPA patients referred to three tertiary centers of pediatric rheumatology. The patients were divided into two groups, including group 1 (n = 36) receiving prednisolone plus colchicine and group 2 (n = 31) receiving prednisolone plus cimetidine. Demographic characteristics and the number of febrile episodes were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.

RESULTS: In both groups, the number of febrile episodes after the treatment decreased (P ≤ 0.001). Statistical Analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.88). Moreover, 44 patients from both groups were checked for the MEFV gene. There were no statistical differences between MEFV positive and negative subgroups in response to colchicine (P = 1).

CONCLUSION: This study showed that both drug regimens are significantly effective in preventing febrile attacks in PFAPA syndrome, and the presence of a MEFV gene mutation might not be the only significant risk factor for a response to colchicine.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: IRCT, IRCT20191222045847N1. Registered 23 October 2019, https://fa.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20191222045847N1.

PMID:36045426 | DOI:10.1186/s12969-022-00733-3

J Cardiothorac Surg. 2022 Aug 31;17(1):219. doi: 10.1186/s13019-022-01976-7.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may contribute to renal dysfunction. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is one technique that preserved renal function, but the procedure may not be possible in certain situations. The ultrafiltration (UF) can remove excess fluid and inflammatory mediators that result from exposure to the CPB. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with UF could be an alternative way to preserve renal function.

METHOD: A retrospective study of CKD patients who underwent CABG. The renal outcomes were compared between the patients who underwent CABG with UF and OPCAB. A repeated measure adjusted by propensity score was used for comparing the renal outcome. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors for acute renal failure (AKI) and adverse outcomes.

RESULTS: From January 2009 and June 2020, there were 220 CKD patients, 109 (49.55%) patients underwent CABG with UF, and 111 (50.45%) patients underwent OPCAB. There were statistically significant differences in the change of the average level of creatinine between CABG with UF (increased + 0.09 mg/dl) and OPCAB (decreased – 0.05 mg/dl) (p = 0.043). Also, patients who underwent CABG with UF had a significantly increased risk for AKI (OR 5.38, 95%CI 1.09, 26.5).

CONCLUSION: The UF adjunct technique in CABG with CPB tends to provide a lower protective effect for renal function and had a significantly higher incidence of post-cardiac surgery AKI when compared to OPCAB. If technically feasible, OPCAB would be a preferable choice for CKD patients.

STUDY REGISTRATION NUMBER: SUR-2562-06607/Research ID: 6607.

PMID:36045425 | DOI:10.1186/s13019-022-01976-7

BMC Public Health. 2022 Aug 31;22(1):1650. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-14068-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To investigate the associations between overweight, obesity and sleep duration and related lifestyle behaviors in children and adolescents at different gender and educational stages.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study comprising 18723 children and adolescents with a stratified cluster sampling method of Henan Province was conducted in 2019. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect the information about demographic characteristics as well as sleep and lifestyle behaviors. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were taken and body mass index was computered as an indicator of overweight and obesity. The Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple logistic regression were used to data analysis.

RESULTS: Among the respondents, 12657(67.6%) were with normal weight, 3711(19.8%) were overweight and 2355(12.6%) were obesity. The average age of the participants was 12.6 years old. The proportion of overweight and obesity in the 10191 boys was 18.7% and 14.2% respectively. The proportion of overweight and obesity in the 8532 girls was 21.2% and 10.6% respectively. In trend analyses, sleep duration at different gender found with the decreased of the sleep duration, the proportions of overweight/obesity in boys and girls were gradually increased (P_trend<0.05). In the adjusted logistic regression models, the results showed stratified by gender, compared with the recommended sleep duration group, students with very short sleep duration and short sleep duration showed an increased OR_adj of 2.56 and 2.13 in boys, 2.34 and 2.09 in girls respectively. According to different educational stages, those in very short sleep duration and short sleep duration showed an increased OR_adj of 2.15 and 1.69 in primary school, 2.26 and 1.58 in middle school, 2.23 and 1.51 in high school respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with very short sleep duration and short sleep duration may increase the risk of overweight/obesity, the association differed based on the gender-specific and educational stages-specific. Gender and educational stages should be regarded as specific characteristics for the effects on overweight/obesity in Henan Province.

PMID:36045412 | DOI:10.1186/s12889-022-14068-x