Tag: nevin manimala

Int J Eat Disord. 2025 Nov 18. doi: 10.1002/eat.24594. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of probable eating disorders and self-reported eating disorder diagnoses among East Asian young adults aged 18-25 years across US colleges.

METHOD: Using data from the 2020 to 2023 Healthy Minds Study, a repeated cross-sectional survey of US college students, we analyzed data from East Asian and White participants aged 18-25 years (N = 160,740). Eating disorder risk was assessed using the SCOFF questionnaire and eating disorder diagnoses were self-reported. Using multivariable logistic models, we generated odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) to estimate inequities in the prevalence of a probable eating disorder and eating disorder diagnoses between East Asian and White young adults, adjusting for gender identity, age, international student status, sexual orientation, financial stress, and study year.

RESULTS: We found no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of a probable eating disorder among East Asian young adults compared to White young adults (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.97-1.11) after adjustment. Among those with a probable eating disorder (n = 68,651), East Asian young adults had nearly half the odds (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.47-0.65) of having a self-reported diagnosed eating disorder compared to White young adults.

DISCUSSION: While the prevalence of having a probable eating disorder was similar among East Asian and White young adults, East Asians had almost half the odds of self-reporting an eating disorder diagnosis compared to White young adults. Future research is warranted to better understand barriers to eating disorder diagnosis among East Asian young adults in the US.

PMID:41250962 | DOI:10.1002/eat.24594

Matern Child Nutr. 2026 Mar;22(1):e70126. doi: 10.1111/mcn.70126.

ABSTRACT

Poor diet quality may contribute to the multiple forms of malnutrition among children in Ghana. This cross-sectional study (1) described the prevalence and frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), salty snacks and sweet snacks among children 2-5 years in northern Ghana; (2) identified factors associated with consumption; and (3) examined relationships between consumption and nutritional status. Households were recruited from urban and rural clusters in Tolon and Kumbungu districts. Children’s (2-5 years; n = 243) dietary data were collected using a questionnaire modelled after the WHO STEPS tool. We assessed children’s height, weight, haemoglobin and micronutrient biomarker (n = 125) concentrations. We used multi-variable logistic and linear regression to identify individual, maternal and household factors predicting consumption of the food groups and relationships between consumption and nutritional status. In a typical week, most children consumed vegetables (98%), sweet snacks (81%) and fruits (76%); 50% consumed salty snacks and 46% consumed SSB. Average number of servings consumed weekly, mean (SD), was: 7.9 (7.3) vegetables, 2.9 (2.5) sweet snacks, 2.6 (3.9) SSB, 1.8 (1.7) fruits and 1.2 (1.7) salty snacks. Children in households with higher food insecurity were more likely to report consumption of all food groups (> 0 servings fruits, SSB, salty snacks and sweet snacks; ≥ 7 servings vegetables weekly), but other characteristics did not consistently predict consumption. Few associations were found between consumption and nutritional status. Interventions to increase fruit and vegetable intake to align with guidelines, while avoiding SSB and snack foods, are needed.

PMID:41250954 | DOI:10.1111/mcn.70126

Mol Ecol Resour. 2026 Jan;26(1):e70072. doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.70072.

ABSTRACT

More than 25 years ago, Aitchison showed that the logratio principal component analysis of multiple samples of a biallelic polymorphism can evidentiate the Hardy-Weinberg law. However, hitherto compositional data analysis, that is, the logratio approach, has had little impact in population genetics. This article extends Aitchison’s work to multiallelic polymorphisms showing how the Hardy-Weinberg law manifests itself in a logratio based statistical analysis with larger genotypic compositions. Excellent visualisations of equilibrium and disequilibrium are achieved by using compositional biplots based on allele and genotype frequencies taken across multiple populations. Some fundamental relationships between allelic and genotypic compositions are derived, and the close relationships between the logratio principal component analysis of allelic and genotypic compositions and the corresponding compositional biplots are established. Simulations and practical genetic data analysis are used to explore the implications of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the logratio principal component analysis of genotypic compositions. A general multiallelic compositional measure for disequilibrium is presented, and shown to relate to the classical inbreeding coefficient. The proposed compositional analysis is illustrated with biallelic glyoxalase genotypes and with two multiallelic loci from the 1000 Genomes project, the forensic microsatellite D2S441 and the ABO locus. For the latter, a haplotype based approach is used and generates predictions of the three-allele ABO genotypes for the individuals of the expanded 1000 Genomes project.

PMID:41250929 | DOI:10.1111/1755-0998.70072

Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2025 Nov;19(11):e70190. doi: 10.1111/irv.70190.

ABSTRACT

We estimated the burden of influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and RSV from patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infection systematically tested between weeks 40/2024 and 20/2025 in Spain. The hospitalization rate per 100,000 was highest for influenza [67.5 (95% Confidence Interval: 52.5-87.3)] followed by RSV [46.6 (35.4-62.2)] and SARS-CoV-2 [15.8 (10.2-24.6)]. Hospitalization rates peaked in ≥ 60-year-olds and < 5-year-olds, ICU admissions in < 1-year-olds and deaths in ≥ 80-year-olds. Hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 at 80-85 years was comparable to influenza at 60-65 years, potentially signaling the appropriateness of increasing the COVID-19 vaccination age cut-off. RSV prevention appeared a priority in < 5-year-olds but substantial preventive potential was identified in the elderly.

PMID:41250923 | DOI:10.1111/irv.70190

Psychol Med. 2025 Nov 18;55:e351. doi: 10.1017/S0033291725102626.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sexual minorities have continuously been found to experience poorer mental health compared to the general population, despite promising changes in attitudes and legislation throughout the 21st century in many Western countries. The present study is one of the first to assess group-level changes over time in mental health among sexual minorities compared to their heterosexual counterparts.

METHODS: We used four waves of a Finnish population-based survey spanning 16 years (2006-2022) to compare heterosexual and sexual minority adults on depression and anxiety symptoms, alcohol use, and sexual distress.

RESULTS: Sexual minority individuals reported more depression and anxiety symptoms, sexual distress, and alcohol use relative to their heterosexual counterparts at all time points. There were no group differences in the direction or rate of change in group means from 2006 to 2022. Depression and anxiety symptoms showed equally large increases, and alcohol use showed equally large decreases among both heterosexual and sexual minority participants.

CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to our expectations based on minority stress theory, differences in mental health between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals persist despite changes in the sociolegal status of sexual minorities during the first two decades of the 21st century. Our findings align with the increasing general trend in anxiety and depression symptoms, which seems to affect the whole population regardless of sexual orientation. We conclude that the effect of legislative societal improvements seems to be small, and the mental health gap between sexual minority and heterosexual adults is likely maintained by factors not included in our study.

PMID:41250914 | DOI:10.1017/S0033291725102626

Psychol Med. 2025 Nov 18;55:e350. doi: 10.1017/S0033291725102559.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the causal contributions of specific mitochondrial genes across regulatory layers remain unclear.

METHODS: We integrated genome-wide association study summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and FinnGen with quantitative-trait-locus (QTL) datasets for DNA methylation, gene expression (eQTL), and protein abundance. Mitochondrial genes were annotated using the MitoCarta3.0 database. Summary-based Mendelian randomization and Bayesian colocalization were applied to assess causal relationships, with colocalization determined by the posterior probability of a shared causal variant (PPH4), and the false discovery rate used for multiple-testing correction. Brain-specific effects were evaluated using Genotype-Tissue Expression eQTL data. Prioritized genes were ranked based on cross-omics consistency and replication evidence.

RESULTS: Five mitochondrial genes were prioritized. TDRKH showed consistent associations across methylation, transcription, and protein levels, with hypermethylation at cg24503712 linked to reduced expression and a lower risk of MDD (Tier 1). METAP1D (Tier 2) demonstrated protective effects at both the transcript and protein levels. LONP1, FIS1, and SCP2 (Tier 3) exhibited consistent but complex regulatory patterns. Several signals were replicated in brain tissues, including TDRKH in the caudate and METAP1D in the cortex.

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides multi-omics evidence for the causal involvement of mitochondrial genes in MDD. TDRKH and METAP1D emerged as key candidates, offering promising targets for future mechanistic research and therapeutic development.

PMID:41250910 | DOI:10.1017/S0033291725102559

Ann Occup Environ Med. 2025 Nov;37:e33. doi: 10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e33. Epub 2025 Sep 8.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The impact of global integration has led to an increase in non-standard work patterns, threatening workers’ health. Psychological health problems, such as anxiety and fatigue, negatively affect workers’ health and safety. Sudden work recall, a situation where workers are asked to return to work under unpredictable circumstances, is associated with uncertainty. Research on the relationship between sudden work recall and anxiety and fatigue is limited, and this study aims to investigate this relationship among Korean workers.

METHODS: The study used data from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. To analyze the pure effects of sudden work recall, the final sample was limited to 15,702 non-shift workers with a ‘good’ subjective health status. The presence of sudden work recall was categorized into three frequency groups: “several times a month,” “rarely,” and “never.” Anxiety and fatigue were each categorized into “yes” or “no” responses. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed.

RESULTS: After adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics, the odds ratio (OR) for anxiety in the ‘several times a month’ group was 4.066 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.787-5.931), indicating a significantly higher risk. Conversely, the OR for the ‘rarely’ group was 1.363 (95% CI: 0.921-2.017), which was not statistically significant. A similar pattern was observed for fatigue: the ‘several times a month’ group had a significantly higher risk (OR: 1.875; 95% CI: 1.490-2.359), but the ‘rarely’ group (OR: 0.955; 95% CI: 0.750-1.215) did not.

CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between sudden work recall and psychological health may not be a simple linear one. The results suggest that only a high frequency of sudden work recall is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to establish appropriate measures and to conduct additional research in this area.

PMID:41250909 | DOI:10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e33

J Perioper Pract. 2025 Nov 18:17504589251388001. doi: 10.1177/17504589251388001. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine the level of acceptance of illness and its relationship with spirituality and religious coping in oncological surgery patients. The study was conducted with 95 patients who underwent oncological surgery in the general surgery clinic of a hospital. The study data were collected using the Acceptance of Illness Scale, Religious Coping Scale, Spirituality Scale, and Patient Identification Form. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 25 (SPSS) software package. Patients were observed to accept the illness at a moderate level. Levels of acceptance of illness varied according to duration of illness, duration of treatment, and perception of illness. Patients had high spiritual wellbeing and positive religious coping strategies. Nevertheless, acceptance of illness was not found to be correlated with spirituality and religious coping. Perioperative care practitioners and specialists play an important role in supporting patients’ psychosocial and spiritual needs. Integrating spiritual assessment into perioperative care can improve disease adaptation and surgical outcomes.

PMID:41250891 | DOI:10.1177/17504589251388001

Sci Med Footb. 2025 Nov 18:1-9. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2025.2589800. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between playing time and well-being in Danish under-17 elite level football players.

METHODS: Throughout the 2021/22 competitive playing season, the World Health Organization-5 index (WHO-5) was administered bi-weekly to assess well-being. Playing time was separately collected from an official database.

STATISTICS: A cross-lagged panel model with a multi-level set-up was applied.

RESULTS: Average response rate was 67 ± 14% (mean±SD) with a significant variation observed throughout the investigation period. Average prevalence of well-being levels below the WHO-5 cut-off values for depression and anxiety (≤13 points, with ≤7 indicating severe symptoms) was 10 ± 12%. At least once during the season, 55.4% of all players had well-being levels indicating potential mental health concerns. Also, temporal patterns in well-being were observed, with more players having levels closer to the cut-off value during pre-season than towards the end of the season. Cross-lagged effects were found between measures of playing time and well-being on the day after a match (MD + 1). This indicates a relationship between match involvement and psychological well-being.

SUMMARY AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Playing time seems to be associated with well-being in male youth elite football players. Frequent well-being monitoring and thoughtful playing time management in youth academy football may provide individualized player support throughout the playing season and proactively safeguard mental health.

PMID:41250867 | DOI:10.1080/24733938.2025.2589800

Int J Eat Disord. 2025 Nov 18. doi: 10.1002/eat.24600. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Regular eating has never been rigorously evaluated as a standalone intervention for restriction. In this preliminary investigation, we evaluate changes in restriction observed during a focused regular eating module (NOURISH: Nutrition, Organization, and Understanding Restriction: Intervention for Sustainable Habits) in the context of evidence-based, personalized, modular eating disorder treatment.

METHOD: We analyzed pooled data from two eating disorder treatment trials ranging from 13 to 20 weeks in duration. Using ecological momentary assessment data collected throughout the entire modular treatment, we evaluated within-group changes in restriction and restraint from the beginning to the end of the 3-4 session regular eating (i.e., NOURISH) module. Point estimates and 95% confidence intervals, as well as Cohen’s d, were calculated for paired-sample t-tests.

RESULTS: Our complete sample included seven participants. Because our sample size was small, our interpretation focuses on effect sizes rather than statistical significance. Results suggested non-significant, yet moderate-sized reductions in both restriction (d = 0.72) and restraint (d = 0.76) during the NOURISH module, with the 95% confidence intervals for these effects including zero.

DISCUSSION: Although continued research in larger samples is warranted, our preliminary findings indicate that NOURISH holds promise as an evidence-based module to address restriction and restraint in the context of personalized eating disorder treatment.

PMID:41250820 | DOI:10.1002/eat.24600