Tag: nevin manimala

Genome Biol. 2025 Jul 10;26(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s13059-025-03671-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Substantial efforts have been dedicated to exploring the link between genetic regulation and the proteome, informing studies of complex trait mechanisms. Most of these efforts have been limited to populations of European ancestry.

RESULTS: We conduct an Olink protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL) analysis on 1245 proteins involving 1033 self-identified African American (AA) and 1764 non-Hispanic White (NHW) participants from the Women’s Health Initiative and Framingham Heart Study. For replication of candidate pQTLs, we use data from 534 self-identified AA adults from the Jackson Heart Study and protein genome-wide association analysis statistics from the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project, including 54,219 participants, of whom 931 are of African ancestry. In total, we identify and validate 5103 pQTLs (4496 or 88% cis- and 602 or 12% trans-pQTLs) for 983 proteins. Among these, 195 are previously unreported, with most (166 or 85%) identified in our AA sample, many of which were essentially monomorphic in European reference populations. Several of these newly identified African ancestry-specific pQTLs have been reported in ClinVar; our results suggest impact on circulating protein levels, potentially bolstering evidence for clinical significance. We identify a “cis pQTL hotspot” within the leukocyte receptor gene cluster on human chromosome 19q13.4. We also provide examples where a particular cis-pQTL, identified through conditional analysis, offers biological insights into an overlapping GWAS signal for disease susceptibility.

CONCLUSIONS: The identification of previously undescribed African ancestry-specific pQTLs contributes to understanding protein genetic regulation and highlights the significance of proteomic analysis in diverse populations.

PMID:40640959 | DOI:10.1186/s13059-025-03671-x

J Eat Disord. 2025 Jul 10;13(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s40337-025-01326-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common issue that impacts many women, and a well-balanced diet can help alleviate PMS symptoms. Evidence suggests that dietary factors and eating disorders may influence PMS severity, yet the specific relationships remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of specific dietary components and eating behaviors with PMS symptoms.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 252 women with PMS who were referred to healthcare centers in Qazvin province. Data concerning PMS, dietary factors, and eating disorders were collected using online questionnaires, including the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST), 3-day dietary recall, and Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) questionnaires. Statistical analysis utilized ANOVA and chi-square tests. The adequacy of the sample was evaluated using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test. To examine the relationship between eating disorders, dietary factors, and PMS symptoms, multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS: According to the PSST, 28.7% of individuals reported mild severity, 21.9% reported moderate severity, and 49.4% reported severe severity. The study revealed that higher sodium (p = 0.003, OR = 1.000, 95% CI = [1.000, 1.001]), vitamin D (p = 0.044, OR = 1.298, 95% CI = [1.007, 1.674]), and vitamin C intake were positively linked to increased psychological PMS symptoms, (p = 0.036, OR = 1.006, 95% CI = [1.000, 1.012]) while magnesium showed a negative association with these symptoms. Also, sodium and vitamin D intake were significantly associated with increased physical symptoms (p < 0.05). Individuals with eating disorders showed higher rates of severe PMS symptoms, though differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the potential influence of specific nutrients on PMS severity. This insight could inform dietary recommendations for managing PMS symptoms, providing young women with potential non-pharmacological options to relieve discomfort.

PMID:40640956 | DOI:10.1186/s40337-025-01326-7

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jul 10;17(1):191. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01248-6.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Instability core training (ICT) has been widely used in various sports as a training method to enhance athletes’ balance ability and athletic performance. The study aimed to examine the impact of ICT performed on unstable surfaces (BOSU balls, Swiss balls, and Wobble boards) versus traditional core training (TCT) performed on stable surfaces (floor and bench) on balance ability and paddling performance among young male Chinese kayakers.

METHOD: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) recruited 63 eligible kayakers aged 16-19 years from the Nanchang Yao Lake kayaking training base in Jiangxi province, China. Participants were randomly assigned to the ICT group and the TCT group. Both groups completed a 12-week core training program consisting of 1-h sessions, 3 times/week. Static balance ability was assessed using the Flamingo Balance Test (FBT), while dynamic balance ability was measured using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Paddling parameters were evaluated using the average stroke power and stroke rate for the men’s K-1 200 m land dynamometer/ergometer sprint tests. Statistical analyses were conducted via multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), with the significance level set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS: The analysis for within-group effects demonstrated statistically significant improvements in static balance ability, dynamic balance ability, average stroke power, and stroke rate variables between the pre-test and post-test in both the ICT and TCT groups (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the pre-test (p > 0.05) for between-group effects. In contrast, statistically significant differences were found between the ICT and TCT groups in the post-test for all balance ability and paddling parameter variables (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that while TCT significantly improves balance ability and paddling performance, ICT is more effective than TCT over a 12-week intervention among young male Chinese kayakers. Therefore, it can replace TCT, as it promotes better improvement in balance ability and paddling parameters for young male Chinese kayakers.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: The full name of the registry: Effect of instability resistance training on balance, core muscle strength, and athletic performance. The trial registration number is NCT06432595. The date of registration is 07/01/2024. The trial registration platform is ClinicalTrials.gov PRS ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ).

PMID:40640954 | DOI:10.1186/s13102-025-01248-6

J Eat Disord. 2025 Jul 10;13(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s40337-025-01290-2.

ABSTRACT

For over a decade, the mental health field has been interested in precision treatment using psychopharmacological interventions. More recently, this interest has expanded to include psychotherapy, which is the primary treatment modality for eating disorders. Personalised medicine and precision treatment are also seen as priorities for the eating disorder field by those with lived experience and carers, clinicians and researchers. However, precision treatment necessitates the collection of large amounts of clinical data. Three frameworks exist or have been proposed for the purpose of gathering large-scale routine clinical outcomes in eating disorder services: The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) eating disorder set, the Australia national minimum dataset, and the Eating Disorders Clinical Research Network. Despite the emergence of these frameworks, challenges exist with implementation. This paper outlines the rationale for the collection of routine outcome data in eating disorder treatment settings, the three existing frameworks proposed, and considerations for implementation and scaling. These include clinical and practice applications, technical aspects, statistics, and contextual factors. We invite attention to our recommendations and collaborative approaches to facilitate progress towards precision treatment in eating disorders.

PMID:40640949 | DOI:10.1186/s40337-025-01290-2

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2025 Jul 10;19(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s13034-025-00926-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have established a link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and risky internet use (RIU); however, the processes underlying this association remain unclear. This study examines whether a proportion of the association between ADHD and RIU was shared with social skills.

METHODS: The sample included 142 children aged 6-12 years (65% female, M = 8.5, SD = 1.7), comprising 71 children diagnosed with ADHD and 71 controls without ADHD. Standardized assessments were administered to measure RIU and social skills. Path analysis was employed to evaluate the association among ADHD, social skills, and RIU. Key demographic variables, including gender, birth timing, age of speech onset, household income, parental education, and number of siblings, were controlled for in the analyses.

RESULTS: An ADHD diagnosis was significantly associated with reduced social skills (β = – 1.68, p < 0.001), and reduced social skills was strongly linked to higher levels of RIU (β = – 0.57, p = 0.004). The direct association between ADHD and RIU was not statistically significant (β = – 0.52, p = 0.169). However, a significant indirect effect was observed, indicating that ADHD-RIU link was shared with reduced social skills (β = 0.96, p = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that a significant proportion of the association between ADHD and RIU was shared with social skills, emphasizing the importance of social skills as a potential factor for RIU risk in children with ADHD. Interventions that focus on enhancing social skills may support efforts to address RIU in this population.

PMID:40640942 | DOI:10.1186/s13034-025-00926-0

J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jul 10;44(1):244. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00993-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Fruits and vegetables are crucial for children’s growth and provide essential nutrients for maintaining a healthy body. However, most Malaysian children consume inadequate fruits and vegetables. This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of urban gardening and nutrition education through a board game on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of fruit and vegetable consumption among primary school children in Malaysia.

METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 10-year-old children at a selected Primary School in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Seventy-two participants were recruited through the convenience sampling method. The intervention group received the intervention program within 2 months, which consisted of a talk about fruits and vegetables, educational gardening, cooking activities and playing an educational board game. While the control group only received a talk about fruits and vegetables from a dietitian. The height and weight of the participants were measured to obtain their Body Mass Index (BMI). The changes in knowledge, attitudes and practices of fruit and vegetable consumption were measured using a self-administered structured questionnaire.

RESULTS: This study successfully enhanced awareness and knowledge of fruit and vegetable consumption among girls (p = 0.010) but not among boys (p = 0.272) in the intervention group. In addition, knowledge related to fruit and vegetable consumption was significantly improved among overweight and obese participants (p = 0.033), but no significant improvement was observed among participants with normal BMI or underweight (p = 0.215) in the intervention group. The attitude (p = 0.980) and practice (p = 0.233) of fruit and vegetables showed no statistically significant improvement after the intervention.

CONCLUSION: Engaging in urban gardening activities and playing a nutrition-educational board game has the potential to be used as a strategy for enhancing knowledge about fruit and vegetable consumption among girls and children who are overweight and obese.

PMID:40640926 | DOI:10.1186/s41043-025-00993-1

J Pharm Health Care Sci. 2025 Jul 10;11(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s40780-025-00467-w.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The immediate post-diagnosis period is a critical phase for cancer patients, marked by significant informational and emotional distress. Although pharmacists are well-positioned to provide support during this time, limited research has investigated patients’ specific concerns and consultation needs immediately after diagnosis, particularly in differentiating between hospital and community pharmacists. This study aimed to clarify cancer patients’ concrete concerns and consultation preferences immediately following diagnosis, with a focus on the respective roles of hospital and community pharmacists.

METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among 1,031 adult cancer patients in Japan. Participants selected relevant concerns from a 21-item structured questionnaire across four domains: Cancer and Cancer Treatment (CCT), Cancer Pain and Palliative Care (CPPC), Medications Other Than Cancer Treatment (MOCT), and Daily Life During Cancer Treatment (DLCT). For each concern, participants indicated whether they preferred to consult hospital pharmacists, community pharmacists, or both. McNemar tests were used to compare paired proportions (P < 0.001).

RESULTS: A total of 89.2% of participants reported at least one concern at diagnosis. The most frequently reported concerns were treatment-related, including side effects (49.2%), treatment costs (48.0%), psychological distress (41.6%), and mechanisms of anticancer drugs (38.8%). Patients expressed significantly stronger preferences for consulting hospital pharmacists over community pharmacists on treatment-specific topics such as side effects (34.7% vs. 13.8%), drug mechanisms (39.3% vs. 18.5%), and medications to relieve physical discomfort (36.1% vs. 17.0%) [all P < 0.001]. In contrast, MOCT-related concerns, such as drug interactions and medication management, elicited similarly high consultation preferences for both pharmacist types (> 40%). DLCT and CPPC-related concerns were associated with relatively lower consultation demands overall.

CONCLUSIONS: Cancer patients experience diverse and substantial informational and emotional needs immediately after diagnosis. Hospital pharmacists are particularly valued for treatment-specific support, while both hospital and community pharmacists are seen as essential resources for broader medication-related concerns. Enhancing cooperation between hospital and community pharmacists, and strengthening pharmacist-led support tailored to patients’ needs at diagnosis may significantly improve patient-centered care and quality of life.

PMID:40640924 | DOI:10.1186/s40780-025-00467-w

Nutr Metab (Lond). 2025 Jul 10;22(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12986-025-00967-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, influenced by systemic and lifestyle factors. This study investigates the causal relationships between dietary habits, sleep traits, amino acids, metabolites, and inflammatory factors with glaucoma subtypes using Mendelian randomization (MR) and validates findings through cross-sectional analysis.

METHODS: MR analysis assessed the causal effects of 226 dietary factors, 11 sleep traits, 20 amino acids, 1400 metabolites, and 91 inflammatory factors on five glaucoma subtypes (NTG, POAG, PACG, NVG, XFG). Mediation MR analysis explored the role of amino acids and inflammatory factors in these relationships. Validation was conducted using NHANES cross-sectional data.

RESULTS: High-fat, high-calorie diets increased glaucoma risk, while antioxidant-rich foods and better sleep quality reduced it. Key mediators included proline, tyrosine, IL-1 A, and PDL1. NHANES data confirmed lower intake of vitamins A and C, higher water consumption among glaucoma patients, and significant sleep-related associations.

CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the role of balanced diets and optimized sleep patterns in glaucoma prevention and management. This study provides evidence for targeted lifestyle interventions focusing on metabolic and inflammatory pathways to mitigate glaucoma risk.

PMID:40640923 | DOI:10.1186/s12986-025-00967-4

Porcine Health Manag. 2025 Jul 10;11(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40813-025-00452-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). Nevertheless, pig farms face significant challenges in evaluating vaccination efficacy due to the inability of PCV2 vaccines to achieve sterilizing immunity and the variability among vaccine manufacturers. These challenges are further compounded by the limitations of conventional antibody detection methods, which fail to distinguish between maternally-derived antibodies (MDAs) and vaccine-induced antibodies. The accurate evaluation and selection of PCV2 vaccines is critical for the swine industry. The present study aimed to develop an Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay for directly detecting PCV2-specific memory B cells. This approach was used to assess the presence of PCV2-specific memory B cells in piglets with high levels of MDA vaccinated with different PCV2 vaccines, thus enabling the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity at the cellular level. Furthermore, antibody levels and the viremia status were analyzed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) respectively to provide a comprehensive assessment of the ELISpot assay potential for evaluating the vaccine immunogenicity of PCV2 vaccines.

RESULTS: The findings revealed that the optimal conditions for the developed ELISpot assay included stimulation with R848 at a final concentration of 1 µg·mL⁻¹ for three days, a PCV2 Cap protein coating concentration of 1.25 µg·mL⁻¹, a biotinylated goat anti-pig IgG antibody concentration of 5 µg·mL⁻¹, and an HRP-streptavidin concentration of 0.25 µg·mL⁻¹. In high MDA piglets immunized with different vaccines, serum antibody detection showed that PCV2 antibody levels declined continuously over time in all vaccinated and saline-injected control groups, demonstrating similar trends. In contrast, ELISpot analysis demonstrated a significant increase in PCV2-specific memory B cell levels in all three vaccinated groups compared to the saline-injected group. Among the vaccines tested, Vaccine A induced the highest levels of specific memory B cells, followed by Vaccine B. This was consistent with the lower PCV2 infection rates and viremia levels observed in Vaccine A and Vaccine B groups, compared to Vaccine C and saline-injected control groups.

CONCLUSIONS: We established an ELISpot assay to quantify PCV2-specific memory B cells, revealing that vaccinated piglets with high MDA levels developed robust memory B cell responses. However, levels of PCV2 IgG antibodies in vaccinated piglets remained statistically indistinguishable from control piglets. These findings demonstrate that ELISpot-based profiling of PCV2-specific memory B cells overcomes the confounding effects of MDA in vaccine efficacy assessments. This approach reliably reflects the humoral immune response induced by vaccination and its relevance in combating natural PCV2 infection, providing valuable guidance for preventing and controlling PCVAD.

PMID:40640918 | DOI:10.1186/s40813-025-00452-7

BMC Psychol. 2025 Jul 10;13(1):768. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03100-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) survivors demonstrate heightened vulnerability to depression and anxiety, while posttraumatic growth (PTG) and resilience have been reported as important protective factors for mental health. This study examined the mediating role of resilience in the associations between PTG and both depression and anxiety among NPC survivors.

METHODS: A total of 773 NPC survivors were recruited through convenience sampling at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China). Participants completed a self-administered structured questionnaire measuring sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), posttraumatic growth (PTGI), and resilience (CD-RISC10). Mediation analyses were performed using structural equation modeling.

RESULTS: The average time since cancer diagnosis was 2.68 (SD = 1.80) years, with 55.0% diagnosed for over 2 years. Among the participants, 44.2% reported mild to severe depressive symptoms, and 35.3% reported mild to severe anxiety. Higher PTG was significantly associated with lower symptoms of depression (β = -0.23, p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = -0.19, p < 0.001). Additionally, greater resilience was associated with reduced symptoms of depression (β = -0.37, p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = -0.33, p < 0.001). Further, resilience fully mediated the relationship between PTG and both anxiety (86.50%) and depression (74.13%).

CONCLUSION: PTG and resilience are negatively associated with depression and anxiety in NPC survivors, with resilience acting as a complete mediator in these relationships.

PMID:40640902 | DOI:10.1186/s40359-025-03100-5