Tag: nevin manimala

Synth Biol (Oxf). 2022 Aug 10;7(1):ysac013. doi: 10.1093/synbio/ysac013. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

Microbial cell culture is one of the most commonly performed protocols for synthetic biology, and laboratories are increasingly using 96-well plates and laboratory automation systems for cell culture. Here, we describe a method for reproducible microbial culture using laboratory automation systems, including automated liquid handling, automated plate sealing and de-sealing, automated incubation and measurement of growing cultures. We discuss the key considerations that, in our experience, are important for reproducibility and present statistical analyses of data from 150 automated microbial growth experiments performed over 27 months using our automated method.

PMID:36101862 | PMC:PMC9462466 | DOI:10.1093/synbio/ysac013

Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2022 Sep-Oct;16(5):49-57.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Proximal humerus fractures became one of the most prevalent upper extremity fractures during recent decades. The use of scoring systems has been taken under consideration to estimate the surveillance, prognosis, and post-operative outcomes. During this study, we investigated the outcome measure of proximal humerus fracture treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plate based on oxford shoulder score (OSS). Furthermore, we tried to propose a new classification system for OSS that could be of prognostic value.

METHODS: Patients with proximal humerus fracture treated by open reduction enrolled in the study. Persian version of the OSS was completed by the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22.

RESULTS: Forty-four patients including 24 women and 20 men were assessed. The mean age was 54.61 (SD ± 19.371) years. The use of a spoon and fork at the same time had the best score and hanging the clothes up in a wardrobe with the operated hand had the worst score in the questionnaire. Comparison of OSS and number of physiotherapy session showed that patients with best outcome had least number of physiotherapy’s session, but it was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: OSS is useful to evaluate the function of the traumatized shoulder. We suggest classifying the OSS score into three range groups, good (total score 12-28), moderate (total score 29-44), and bad (total scores 45-60).

PMID:36101849 | PMC:PMC9441643

Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(8):765-775. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.765.775.

ABSTRACT

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Studying the population dynamic of the invasive terrestrial snails as agricultural pests, is essential for designing pest control program to reduce the economic losses to commercial field crops, vegetables and fruits. The population dynamic had been estimated for the three terrestrial snails <i>Theba pisana </i>(Müller, 1774) (Helicidae), <i>Eobania vermiculata </i>(Müller, 1774) (Helicidae) and <i>Monacha obstructa</i> (Pfeiffer, 1842) (Hygromiidae) on orange, apple and mango trees in horticultural fields in two locations. These locations are Nobaria City, Beheira Governorate and Mansouria Village, Giza Governorate. This study carried out during the two consecutive activity seasons September, 2018/August, 2019 and September, 2019/August, 2020. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The population dynamic, incidence and infestation level of terrestrial snails had been recorded on economic host plants such as fruit trees and other field crops and vegetables. The correlations between climatic factors and the population density of land snails were interpreted by statistical analysis for the two seasons. <b>Results:</b> The population density of terrestrial snails increased gradually after winter to reach its maximum density during spring, while the lowest density was recorded in August. The incidence and infestation level of terrestrial snails varied according to the host plant, climatic factors and locality. <i>Eobania vermiculata</i> were the dominant land snail species in Beheira, while <i>Monacha obstructa</i> infested the majority of the examined fruit trees in Giza. <b>Conclusion:</b> Determining the activity and inactivity periods of land snails through the two seasons and their population dynamic will assist in designing effective control management program to decrease the number of pest and the economic losses of agricultural products.

PMID:36098203 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2022.765.775

Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(8):725-731. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.725.731.

ABSTRACT

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Immune complexes and pro-inflammatory cytokines deduced from communicable diseases have been manifested to induce pro coagulopathy and tissue factor (TF) assertion in macrophages and the endothelial cells that remain at critical risk in tuberculosis (TB) patients. The current study was carried out among Sudanese patients with Pulmonary tuberculosis aimed to determine the long-term impacts of Tb infection on the coagulation cascade. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A cross-sectional study was conducted among 30 patients who are already diagnosed with tuberculosis compared with the control group. Pulmonary Tuberculosis diagnosis of cases was emphasized in accordance with clinical examination, chest X-ray and positive Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear. The questionnaire was used for the collection of demographic and baseline data. About 2.5 mL of venous blood was collected in trisodium citrate containers and 2.5 mL of blood was collected in EDTA container. SPSS version 21 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; PLT count showed a significant difference (p = 0.03) with a mean (329.20×10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and 287.60×10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; μL&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;) among patients and control, respectively. APPT shows a significant difference (p = 0.00), Mean of PLT decreased as the disease progressed (336.20±36.02, 345.43±16.02, 511.04±42.02) showed a significant correlation between PLT count of test and duration of disease (p = 0.00). Additionally, a significant correlation between PLT count, MPV and APTT and the status of the patient’s drug resistance was revealed (p&lt;u&gt;<&lt;/u&gt;0.02, 0.01 and 0.02). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; There is a significant alteration in coagulation parameters (PT, APTT and platelets count) among Sudanese pulmonary tuberculosis patients, which may indicate a feature of a hypercoagulable state.

PMID:36098198 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2022.725.731

Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(6):569-574. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.569.574.

ABSTRACT

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Viremia due to SARS-CoV-2 lead variety of biochemical change in the human body, which play a crucial role in the activation of the coagulation cascade causing thrombotic complications and coagulopathies. The study aimed&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;to ascertain the D-dimer level as a biological mediator in COVID-19 patients in Khartoum state and compare the results to the control group. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of August to December, 2021, including 50 healthy patients and 50 COVID-19 patients, blood samples were collected from study groups for measurement of D-dimer level using an I Chroma device. Statistical analysis was conducted using SSPS version 21. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; This study revealed a statistically increased D-dimer level among COVID-19 patients compared with the control group (2000-10000 vs. up to 500 ng mL&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;), respectively. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Viremia induced by COVID-19 infection can cause a high D-dimer level which can lead to thrombosis event or bleeding tendency.

PMID:36098192 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2022.569.574

Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(6):509-515. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.509.515.

ABSTRACT

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Smokers are poorly protected against pathogens. Many studies have focused on the concentrations of complement components in comparison to smokers while ignoring the practical sequencing of complement components. There are numerous methods for estimating haemolytic activity (CH50%), all of which need a large number of samples and dilution, in addition to a typically expensive test kit. This novel study attempts to use statistical analysis and use the non-linear regression ‘power equation’ to extract the CH50% by using 5 serum dilutions only. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The power equation can multiply the five practical dilutions into hundreds of mathematical loops within the sample range. The (CH50%) value is highly accurate for both the study and comparison sample and was evaluated in11 smokers. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The results were contrasted with a control composed of 11 individuals, matched by age and sex. The power equation showed a 6.48% significant reduction in (CH50%) in smokers compared with non-smokers, where a 17.54% reduction was observed. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The current study suggests a decrease in the function of the classical complement pathway (CH50%) in smokers. On the other hand, the study provided a new statistical pattern, linking the practical values with default values within the range of dilution and formulating an equation that could be used to extract the value of CH50% with high accuracy.

PMID:36098186 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2022.509.515

Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(6):495-500. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.495.500.

ABSTRACT

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Ginger (&lt;i&gt;Zingiber officinale&lt;/i&gt; (Wild). Roscoe) is a plant that has long been used as a medicinal herb for humans, so it has been grown and popularized in the Mekong Delta Provinces, but the research systematic genetics has not been given much attention. The current study evaluated the genetic characteristics of some ginger samples collected in eight provinces in the Mekong Delta based on morphological characteristics and ITS gene sequence regions. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Samples of Ginger varieties were collected in eight provinces, fresh leaf samples were collected and stored frozen at -20°C. Ginger morphology observation and description based on improved plant research methods. Total DNA extraction of ginger leaf samples was extracted from fresh leaf samples according to the extraction procedure by the modified CTAB method. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The phenotypes of the samples like length, leaf width, flower length and fruit diameter were significantly different between growing regions due to different environmental and farming conditions. Genetic relationship analysis showed that there are two distinct groups. Group I has 5 ginger samples from G8-Vinh Long, G4-Ben Tre, G2-Ca Mau, G5-Dong Thap and G6-Hau Giang provinces and group II includes ginger varieties belonging to G7-Ho Chi Minh City, G1-An Giang Province and G3-City. Can Tho. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Samples/cultivars collected from eight provinces in the Mekong Delta showed variation in agronomic characteristics, but only stem height and length changes were statistically significantly different. Genotyping most of the samples belonged to the species &lt;i&gt;Zingiber officinale&lt;/i&gt; (Wild) Roscoe.

PMID:36098184 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2022.495.500

Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(6):476-484. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.476.484.

ABSTRACT

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; The RVF virus cause diseases in newborn puppies, kittens, sheep, goats, cattle, camels, buffaloes and also humans. The RVF disease was first detected among livestock by veterinary officers. The disease causes abortions in animals. The goal of this study was to evaluate the immune response and the haematological profile associated with inactivated RFV vaccine locally produced in Egypt in young puppies and sheep. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Through vaccination, both young puppies and sheep with local produced inactivated RVF vaccine with 2 doses with 2 weeks interval and evaluate the immune response by SNT and ELISA as well as haematological parameters at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-vaccination. The variance between vaccinated groups and also non-vaccinated groups were compared by using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The findings showed that young puppies had a strong response to antibodies after two doses of the RVF vaccine within the 2 week interval. The neutralization indices (NI) values in young puppies at different periods after RVF vaccination reported the value of 1.08±0.03, 1.23±0.04, 1.30±0.03 and 1.45±0.02 after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-vaccination, respectively. Parallel to this the ELISA OP values were 0.30±0.00, 0.39±0.03, 0.52±0.05 and 0.75±0.02 after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-vaccination, respectively. Nearly similar immune response was noticed in sheep with NI values of 1.15±0.02, 1.27±0.02, 1.42±0.05 and 1.55±0.03 at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-vaccination, respectively. In the same site the ELISA OP values were 0.34±0.00, 0.47±0.01, 0.68±0.00, 0.77±0.00. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-vaccination respectively that are also similar to that in puppies. The haematological profile reported a significant decrease after the 1st week followed by a transient increase after booster dose at 2nd week except for the monocytes that increase after 1st week then decreases after 2nd week post-vaccination. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Young puppies are similar to sheep in developing antibodies after vaccination with the RFV vaccine with no statistically significant effect within different batches. In addition, ELISA can replace the SNT for evaluation of the immune response. Young puppies are quite equal to sheep for the illustration of neutralizing antibodies for RFV vaccine. Sero-negative puppies can be easily obtained because dogs are not included in the vaccination program of RVF and so they can be used as a good model to determine the efficacy of the RVF vaccine.

PMID:36098182 | DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2022.476.484