Tag: nevin manimala

Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2022 Jul;53(4):688-695. doi: 10.12182/20220760506.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in blood samples and changes in their drug resistance in our hospital from 2016 to 2020, and to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical bloodstream infections.

METHODS: Bruker Corporation’s matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was used for bacterial identification, VITEK 2 Compact was used for antimicrobial susceptibility test, some of which was done with the Kirby-Bauer method, and the data was statistically analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.

RESULTS: A total of 8931 bacterial strains, including 4502 (50.4%) Gram-positive bacteria and 4429 (49.6%) Gram-negative bacteria, were isolated from the blood samples between 2016 and 2020. Among the isolated bacteria of the order Enterobacterales, Escherichia coli (1773, 19.9%) ranked first, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (1067, 11.9%). The non-fermenting bacteria identified were predominantly Acinetobacter baumannii (293, 3.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (238, 2.7%). The top three Staphylococcus species were Staphylococcus epidermidis (970 strains, 10.9%), Staphylococcus hominis (713, 8.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (541, 6.1%). Escherichia coli showed high in vitro susceptibility to cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin, polymyxin B, tigecycline, and carbapenems, and the sensitivity rate was consistently over 90%. The resistance rate to imipenem showed a trend of slow growth, and the resistance rate of meropenem was 2.2% to 3.4%. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed higher in vitro resistance rate to common antibiotics than that of Escherichia coli, with only the sensitivity rates to tigecycline and polymyxin B being higher than 90%, and the resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem increasing year by year. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem decreased since 2017 (from 25.6% to18.6%), and the resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanniito imipenem and meropenem were 73.7%-91.3% and 73.0%-91.3%. Staphylococcus resistant to vancomycin or linezolid was not found. Enterococci showed rather low resistance to vancomycin and linezolid.

CONCLUSION: The distribution of common species of pathogenic bacteria in clinical blood samples in our hospital did not show significant changes, but the problem of multi-drug resistant bacteria is becoming increasingly more serious, especially so for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID:35871742 | DOI:10.12182/20220760506

Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2022 Jul;53(4):663-669. doi: 10.12182/20220760104.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the supply and demand adaptation of nursery care services for children under 3 in Sichuan Province and to provide strategic suggestions for optimizing nursery care services in Sichuan Province.

METHODS: Data on the supply and demand of nursery school services in all 21 cities (prefectures) of Sichuan Province were collected with questionnaires for nursery care institutions and family needs questionnaires. Applying the theory of supply and demand adaptability, we analyzed the adaptability of nursery care services in Sichuan Province in four dimensions, including relevance, adaptability, accessibility and quality.

RESULTS: A total of 6883 valid institutional questionnaires and 41081 valid family questionnaires were collected. The analysis of the adaptability of supply and demand showed that there was insufficient adaptability in all four dimensions of relevance, adaptability, accessibility, and quality of nursery care services for children under 3 in Sichuan Province, which was characterized by the coexistence of insufficient supply and underutilization of services, the mismatch between the structure of services provided and the needs of families with children under 3, low economic accessibility for the general population, and low quality of services.

CONCLUSION: There is insufficient adaptability in the supply and demand of nursery care services for children under 3 in Sichuan Province. Demand-oriented supply-side reforms should be implemented to promote the construction of a system of government-subsidized affordable nursery care services, reinforced support for the care of infants and toddlers for families, standardized management of infant and toddler care institutions, and the implementation of various supportive policies so as to comprehensively meet the diversified needs of infant and toddler care and promote their healthy growth.

PMID:35871738 | DOI:10.12182/20220760104

Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2022 Jul;53(4):649-655. doi: 10.12182/20220760505.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid disorders, iodine nutritional status and relevant risk factors among adults in Chengdu city on the basis of two population-based surveys, one conducted between 2016 and 2017 and the other, between 2019 and 2020, and to provide references for making health-related administrative decisions.

METHODS: Two population-based sampling surveys were conducted. The first one was done between October 2016 and December 2017, using stratified cluster random sampling to select subjects from 2 urban and 2 rural communities in Chengdu. Then, between December 2019 and February 2020, sequential cluster sampling was used to select subjects from communities in the peripheral regions of Longquanyi District, Chengdu. Both surveys covered natural populations of people who were 18 or older and who met the inclusion criteria. In the first survey, questionnaires, physical examination, thyroid ultrasound, and examinations of serum thyroid biochemical markers and urine iodine were performed, while in the second survey, only questionnaire concerning thyroid disorders and physical examination were performed. Statistical analysis of the nutritional status of iodine, the prevalence of thyroid disorders, and potential risk factor was conducted.

RESULTS: A total of 1859 subjects were enrolled for the first survey and 16152 for the second. According to the results of the first survey, the median urine iodine concentration was 172.10 μg/L, and the group with adequate or more than adequate iodine accounted for more than 60% of the surveyed population. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was found to be 0.48% for overt hyperthyroidism, 0.43% for subclinical hyperthyroidism, 0.43% for Grave’s disease, 1.34% for overt hypothyroidism, 16.62% for subclinical hypothyroidism, 16.73% for positive thyroid antibody, 12.96% for TPOAb positive, 10.06% for TGAb positive, 0.81% for goiter, 14.85% for single nodule, 14.42% for multi-nodules, and 29.26% for thyroid nodules. Excess iodine is a risk factor for subclinical hypothyroidism ( OR=1.50, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.07-2.10, P<0.05), and iodine deficiency is a risk factor for multiple thyroid nodules ( OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.02-2.05, P<0.05). The total prevalence of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in the two surveys was 6.58% and 5.95%, respectively, showing no significant difference. The second survey lacked accurate data on thyroid nodules.

CONCLUSION: The iodine nutritional status of adults in Chengdu in recent years was appropriate. The total prevalence of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis remained stable, while that of thyroid nodule increased in recent years. We should continue with the implementation of the universal salt iodization policy and reinforce efforts in monitoring. Furthermore, we should make an active effort to look into the etiology of thyroid nodules.

PMID:35871736 | DOI:10.12182/20220760505

Ophthalmol Ther. 2022 Jul 24. doi: 10.1007/s40123-022-00545-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Polish National AMD Therapeutic Program offered us a unique opportunity to determine the need for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

METHODS: A search, extraction, and analysis of data from the monitoring system of the Therapeutic Program of the National Health Fund was performed. Demographic data from the Central Statistical Office were also obtained and analyzed. All national data, and from the Silesian Voivodeship specifically, from patients who had received treatment prior to January 14, 2022 (57,876 eyes) were analyzed.

RESULTS: Approximately 0.1% of the Polish population requires treatment for nAMD when the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) criteria exclude irreversible severe changes in the fovea (0.2-0.8 by Snellen). There were 30,771 eyes in the therapeutic program in January 2022, and 4898 (15.9%) of them were in Silesia, which contains 11.7% of the total population and 12.4% of the elderly population (65 years of age and older). However, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the average number of monthly enrollments in the therapeutic program decreased from 717 in the first quarter of 2020 to 505 in the second quarter (with a low of 407 in April). Moreover, in 2020, a negative balance was recorded between included and excluded patients.

CONCLUSION: The need for nAMD treatment in the elderly community (65 years of age and older) is estimated to be 0.55-0.66%.

PMID:35871711 | DOI:10.1007/s40123-022-00545-4

Anal Bioanal Chem. 2022 Jul 25. doi: 10.1007/s00216-022-04224-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

High-resolution mass spectrometry is widely used in many research fields allowing for accurate mass determinations. In this context, it is pretty standard that high-resolution profile mode mass spectra are reduced to centroided data, which many data processing routines rely on for further evaluation. Yet information on the peak profile quality is not conserved in those approaches; i.e., describing results reliability is almost impossible. Therefore, we overcome this limitation by developing a new statistical parameter called data quality score (DQS). For the DQS calculations, we performed a very fast and robust regression analysis of the individual high-resolution peak profiles and considered error propagation to estimate the uncertainties of the regression coefficients. We successfully validated the new algorithm with the vendor-specific algorithm implemented in Proteowizard’s msConvert. Moreover, we show that the DQS is a sum parameter associated with centroid accuracy and precision. We also demonstrate the benefit of the new algorithm in nontarget screenings as the DQS prioritizes signals that are not influenced by non-resolved isobaric ions or isotopic fine structures. The algorithm is implemented in Python, R, and Julia programming languages and supports multi- and cross-platform downstream data handling.

PMID:35871703 | DOI:10.1007/s00216-022-04224-y

Pediatrics. 2022 Jul 25:e2022057206. doi: 10.1542/peds.2022-057206. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:35871698 | DOI:10.1542/peds.2022-057206

J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2022 Jul 25;34(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s43046-022-00132-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is a major health problem worldwide. Some patients improve on tamoxifen and others do not respond to treatment. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess genetic aberrations in the Her2/EGFR-PDGFR pathway associated with tamoxifen response in MBC patients.

METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study, including 157 hormone receptors positive, locally recurrent inoperable and/or MBC patients on tamoxifen treatment. Patients were categorized into 78 (49.7%) tamoxifen responders and 79 (50.3%) tamoxifen non-responder patients. Genetic aberrations of 84 genes involved in the Her2/EGFR-PDGFR pathway were assessed in the tumor tissue samples obtained from the patients using SA-Bioscience assay. The identified panel was correlated to patients’ response to treatment, to detect the differentially expressed genes in tamoxifen responders and non-responders.

RESULTS: One hundred twenty-three (78.3%) patients were estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive, 108 (68.8%) were ER only positive, and 78 (49.7%) were PR only positive. There were 56 genes overexpressed in the refractory group compared to responders. However, only five out of these 56 genes, Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), GRB2-associated binding protein 1 (GAB1), fibronectin-1 (FN1), and MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase (MKNK1), showed statistical significance between the two groups. Patients with bone metastasis showed a better response to treatment compared to those with metastatic deposits in other sites such as visceral metastasis (P < 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS: Genetic profiling using simple quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) protocols could be used to assess response to tamoxifen treatment in MBC patients. According to our data, a five-gene panel in the EGFR pathway (JAK1, COL1A1, GAB1, FN1 and MKNK1) could be used to categorize MBC patients into groups according to treatment response.

PMID:35871690 | DOI:10.1186/s43046-022-00132-5

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2022 Jul 24;14(1):143. doi: 10.1186/s13102-022-00536-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Both able-bodied and Class 7 para-table tennis players compete while standing, but do they use the same techniques to hit the ball? This case study examined the shoulder joint kinematics of a highly skilled para-table tennis player with severe leg impairment.

METHODS: One international level Class 7 male para-table tennis player was compared with a control group of 9 male, competitive university team players. Participants performed 15 trials of forehand and 15 trials of backhand topspin drives. Shoulder abduction/adduction angles and joint range of motion (ROM) were measured using an inertial measurement system.

RESULTS: The joint ROM of the para-player was comparable to the control group in the forehand [para-player 38°, controls 32 (15)°] and slightly larger in backhand [para-player 35°, controls 24 (16)°]. Waveform analysis revealed significant differences in the entire forehand drives (p < .001) and the preparation (p < .001) and follow-through phases (p = .014) of the backhand drives.

CONCLUSIONS: Coaches should not simply instruct para-table tennis players to replicate the characteristics of able-bodied players. Depending on the nature of the physical impairment, para-players should optimise their movement strategies for successful performance.

PMID:35871683 | DOI:10.1186/s13102-022-00536-9

BMC Surg. 2022 Jul 24;22(1):284. doi: 10.1186/s12893-022-01733-6.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The superiorities in proximal facet joint protection of robot-assisted (RA) pedicle screw placement and screw implantation via the cortical bone trajectory (CBT) have rarely been compared. Moreover, findings on the screw accuracy of both techniques are inconsistent. Therefore, we analyzed the screw accuracy and incidence of facet joint violation (FJV) of RA and CBT screw insertion in the same study and compared them with those of conventional pedicle screw (PS) insertion. The possible factors affecting screw accuracy and FJV were also analyzed.

METHODS: A total of 166 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases requiring posterior L4-5 fusion were retrospectively included and divided into the RA, PS, and CBT groups from March 2019 to December 2021. The grades of intrapedicular accuracy and superior FJV were evaluated according to the Gertzbin-Robbins scale and the Babu scale based on postoperative CT. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to assess the possible risk factors associated with intrapedicular accuracy and superior FJV.

RESULTS: The rates of optimal screw insertion in the RA, PS, and CBT groups were 87.3%, 81.3%, and 76.5%, respectively. The difference between the RA and CBT groups was statistically significant (P = 0.004). Superior FJVs occurred in 28.2% of screws in RA, 45.0% in PS, and 21.6% in CBT. The RA and CBT groups had fewer superior FJVs than the PS group (P = 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively), and no significant difference was observed between the RA and CBT groups (P = 0.267). Multivariable analysis revealed that the CBT technique was an independent risk factor for intrapedicular accuracy. Furthermore, older age, the conventional PS technique and a smaller facet angle were independently associated with the incidence of superior FJVs.

CONCLUSIONS: The RA and CBT techniques were associated with fewer proximal FJVs than the PS technique. The RA technique showed a higher rate of intrapedicular accuracy than the CBT technique. The CBT technique was independently associated with screw inaccuracy. Older age, conventional PS technique and coronal orientation of the facet join were independent risk factors for superior FJV.

PMID:35871659 | DOI:10.1186/s12893-022-01733-6

World J Surg. 2022 Jul 24. doi: 10.1007/s00268-022-06663-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study’s objective was to conduct a multinational registry of patients with carotid body tumors (CBTs) and to analyze patients’ clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes.

METHODS: Retrospective study from the Carotid Paraganglioma Cooperative International Registry involving eleven medical centers in Bolivia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Spain, of all patients with a CBT who underwent resection between 2009 and 2019.

RESULTS: A total of 1432 patients with a CBT surgically treated were included. Median patient age was 54 years (range: 45-63 years), and 82.9% (1184) of the study cohort were female. While at low altitude, the proportion of female-to-male cases was 2:1, at high altitude, this proportion increased to 8:1, with statistically significant differences (p = .022). Median operative time was 139 min (range: 110-180 min), while median operative blood loss was 250 ml (range: 100-500 ml), with statistically significant difference in increased blood loss (p = .001) and operative time (p = .001) with a higher Shamblin classification. Eight (0.6%) patients suffered stroke. Univariate analysis analyzing for possible factors associated with increased odds of stroke revealed intraoperative vascular lesion to present an OR of 2.37 [CI 95%; 1.19-4.75] (p = 0.001). In 245 (17.1%), a cranial nerve injury was reported. Seven (0.5%) deaths were recorded.

CONCLUSION: The most common CBT type on this cohort was hyperplasic, which might be partially explained by the high altitudes where these patients lived. Increased blood loss and operative time were associated with a higher Shamblin classification, and the risk of stroke was associated with patients presenting transoperative vascular lesions.

PMID:35871656 | DOI:10.1007/s00268-022-06663-1