Tag: nevin manimala

Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022 Feb 26. doi: 10.1002/cre2.550. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intralesional platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections compared to intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injections in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients with EOLP were assigned randomly to either PRP or TA group. Patients received weekly intralesional injections for 4 weeks, and then followed up for 3 months on regular visits every 2 weeks. Pain scores using numerical pain score and clinical score were recorded by a blinded assessor each visit for all patients and remission score at the end of the trial was recorded.

RESULTS: Both groups showed significant improvement in the clinical parameters (pain and clinical score) “p = .001.” Regarding remission of the lesions, 80% of patients in the PRP group showed complete remission compared to 70% in the TA group. However, there is no statistical significance when comparing the two groups in pain score, clinical score, or remission.

CONCLUSIONS: PRP injections could be considered as an effective alternative single treatment modality for EOLP. The protocol for this study registered in Clinicaltrials.gov registry under the identifier number: NCT03293368.

PMID:35218680 | DOI:10.1002/cre2.550

Health Promot Int. 2022 Feb 26:daac012. doi: 10.1093/heapro/daac012. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Lockdown restrictions imposed across the UK in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a profound impact on many people’s health and wellbeing. People were encouraged to be active, but population surveys suggest some groups found this easier than others. We explored the changes in health, wellbeing and physical activity levels among a sample in the UK who experienced the sudden loss of a weekly community-based physical activity opportunity, parkrun. A sample of UK parkrun participants responded to two surveys: pre-COVID-19 in January/February 2019 and during the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020. Outcomes were happiness, life satisfaction, connections with others, physical health, mental health and physical activity. The sample was stratified by gender, age, deprivation status, physical activity and number of parkruns completed. Demographics were reported using descriptive statistics; distributions between sub-groups were compared using Chi-square tests while differences in outcomes were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. Open text responses were also analysed. Happiness, life satisfaction, connections with others, physical health and mental health of 450 parkrun participants were negatively impacted for all sub-groups, although the impact was not experienced equally. Physical activity fell by 6% while happiness and life satisfaction fell by 12%. People experienced the worst negative impact on their connections with others. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the wellbeing of a greater proportion of females, younger adults, inactive people, those from higher deprivation areas, and those who had completed fewer parkruns. There is evidence that the wellbeing of those who were more active, and those more involved in a community-based physical activity initiative pre-pandemic, was less negatively affected during the COVID-19 lockdown.

PMID:35218652 | DOI:10.1093/heapro/daac012

Cancer Sci. 2022 Feb 26. doi: 10.1111/cas.15310. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of three postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for endometrial cancer. Endometrioid cancer patients with intermediate-risk stage I and II or high-risk stage III and IV disease were randomly assigned to receive six cycles of either Paclitaxel-Epirubicin-Carboplatin (TEC), Paclitaxel-Anthracycline (Doxorubicin)-Carboplatin (TAC), or dose-dense paclitaxel-carboplatin (ddTC). The primary endpoint was the completion rate (CRate) of six cycles of treatment. The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). One hundred and one patients were treated as follows: 33 received TEC, 33 TAC, and 35 ddTC. The CRates for TEC, TAC and ddTC were 94%, 64% and 69%, respectively (p=0.005). The TEC CRate was significantly higher than for the other two groups. However, the PFS and OS outcomes were not statistically different between the three groups. The two-year survival rates were 94%, 97%, and 97% for TEC, TAC, and ddTC, respectively. When compared to the current standard treatments for endometrial cancer, TEC is a promising candidate for a phase III trial based on its significantly superior CRate and equivalent PFS and OS. This study is registered with UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000008911).

PMID:35218673 | DOI:10.1111/cas.15310

Am J Hypertens. 2022 Feb 26:hpac028. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpac028. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) drives ocular perfusion. Excessive 24-h MAP variability relates to glaucoma, however, whether this is due to dips or increases in the blood pressure (BP) is undocumented. We investigated the association of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in relation to the five largest MAP dips/increases over 24-h, henceforth called dips/blips.

METHODS: In the Maracaibo Aging Study (MAS), 93 participants aged ≥40y (women, 87.1%; mean age, 61.9y) underwent baseline ophthalmological and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring assessments. OAG was the presence of optic nerve damage and visual field defects. Statistical methods included logistic regression and the generalized R2 statistic. For replication, 48 OAG cases at the Leuven Glaucoma Clinic were matched with 48 controls recruited from Flemish population.

RESULTS: In MAS, 26 had OAG. OAG compared to non-OAG participants experienced longer and deeper dips (116.5 vs. 102.7 minutes; to 60.3 vs. 66.6 mmHg; 21.0 vs. 18.0 mmHg absolute or 0.79 vs. 0.81 relative dip compared to the preceding reading). The adjusted odds ratios associated with dip measures ranged from 2.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-4.85; P=0.009) to 3.39 (95% CI, 1.368.46; P=0.008). On top of covariables and 24MAP level/variability, the dip measures increased the model performance (P≤0.025). Blips did not associate with OAG. The casecontrol study replicated the MAS observations.

CONCLUSIONS: Dips rather than increases in the 24-h MAP level were associated with increased risk for OAG. An ophthalmological examination combined with 24h BP monitoring might be precautious steps required in normotensive and hypertensive patients at risk of OAG.

PMID:35218651 | DOI:10.1093/ajh/hpac028

Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Mar 1;27(2):e191-e197. doi: 10.4317/medoral.25228.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Primary sites for the metastasis of oral cancer are the cervical lymph nodes. Although there has been considerable technical advancement in the radiological imaging, capability to recognize all metastatic lymph nodes pre-operatively has remained as a challenge. Thus elective neck dissection (END) has remained as reliable practice to treat cervical lymph nodes. This study evaluated the accuracy of pre-operative imaging in pre-operative diagnostics of cervical lymph node status using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We have also considered the reasons for the difficulties to recognise metastatic nodes in cervical area.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patient charts of patients who had had elective neck dissection as a treatment for primary OSCC in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital between 2016 and 2017 were assessed retrospectively. The outcome variable was post-operatively histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis in the neck area. The primary predictor variable was radiologically confirmed metastasis in the neck area. The explanatory variables were age, sex, pT-class, imaging modality, delay and location of the tumour. Descriptive statistics, sensitivity, specificity and Youden-J index were computed.

RESULTS: Eighty-three patients were included in the study. The sensitivity to detect pathological lymph nodes was 44.8%, and the specificity for the examination was 87.0%. 19.3% of cN0 patients had metastasis in the cervical nodes, whereas of the cN+ patients 8.4% were actually pN0. Patients having cN0, the largest neck metastasis was over 10 mm in 12.5%, whereas cN1-3 patients the corresponding rate was 45.5%. The computational threshold to diagnose a metastatic node was 7 mm.

CONCLUSIONS: Especially small metastases are difficult to diagnose. Limitations of radiological diagnostics must be considered when treating OSCC.

PMID:35218648 | DOI:10.4317/medoral.25228

Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Mar 1;27(2):e174-e180. doi: 10.4317/medoral.25164.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of growth hormone (GH) on endosteal implant’s surface at the early stages of osseointegration.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty tapered acid-etched titanium implants were divided into four groups: i) Collagen, used as a control group; and three experimental groups, where after collagen coating, GH was administered directly to the surface in varying concentrations: ii) 0.265 mg, iii) 0.53 mg, and iv) 1 mg. Implants were placed in an interpolated fashion in the anterior flange of C3, C4 or C5 of 15 sheep with minimum distance of 6 mm between implants. After 3-, 6- and 12-weeks of healing samples were harvested, histologically processed, qualitatively and quantitatively assessed for bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO).

RESULTS: Statistical analysis as a function of time in vivo and coating resulted in no significant differences for BIC and BAFO at any evaluation time point. Histological evaluation demonstrated similar osseointegration features for all groups with woven bone formation at 3 weeks and progressive replacement of woven for lamellar bone in close contact with the implant surface and within the implant’s threads.

CONCLUSIONS: A single local application of growth hormone to the surface of titanium implants did not yield improved implant osseointegration independent of healing time.

PMID:35218646 | DOI:10.4317/medoral.25164

Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Mar 1;27(2):e159-e163. doi: 10.4317/medoral.25134.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of condylar and ramal asymmetry in patients with a cyst larger than 10 mm in the maxilla or mandible.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Condylar and ramal asymmetry index measurements of 47 patients (mean age: 28.85 ± 15.348) in the study group and 40 patients in the control group (mean age: 33.73 ± 13.095) were performed using panoramic radiographs. The study group consists of patients with cysts larger than 10 mm in diameter in the maxilla or mandible. The control group consisted of patients with no radiolucent lesions and no history of trauma. The possible statistical difference between the groups was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed in asymmetry indices according to gender and the jaw (maxilla or mandible) in which the cyst was located. However, it was determined that CAI and RAI values were statistically significantly different between the study and control groups (p = 0.047 and p = 0.016, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intraosseous cysts larger than 10 mm in the jaws was found to be associated with condylar and ramal asymmetry.

PMID:35218644 | DOI:10.4317/medoral.25134

Int J Rheum Dis. 2022 Feb 26. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.14308. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphism at 9250 C/T in exon 7 of the Osteopontin (OPN) gene among Egyptian patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and healthy controls and assess its relation with clinical and laboratory features in addition to both activity and chronicity indices in these patients.

MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study population includes 100 patients with LN and 100 age- and gender-matched controls. OPN gene 9250 C/T polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.

RESULTS: We observed a significant difference in the frequencies of the OPN gene 9250 T allele between the patients with LN and the controls (74.5% vs 57.5%, P < .001); also, TT and CT + TT genotypes showed significant differences in frequencies between LN patients versus controls (59% vs 35% P = .005 and 90% vs. 80% P = .048, respectively). We also observed a non-significant association between OPN gene 9250 genotypes and each of the laboratory data and clinical features in addition to activity and chronicity indices in all studied LN patients. There were no statistically significant increased TT and CT + TT genotypes and T allele frequencies in LN patients with renal failure compared to those without renal failure. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only OPN (CT + TT) genotype could predict LN development in Egyptian patients.

CONCLUSION: TT and CT + TT genotypes and T alleles of OPN 9250 are considered risk factors for LN development in Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients. However, these genotypes showed no association with each laboratory data and clinical feature or activity and chronicity indices in these patients. OPN 9250 (CT + TT) genotype could be used to predict LN development in SLE.

PMID:35218609 | DOI:10.1111/1756-185X.14308

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2022 Feb 25;47(2):177-84. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20210096.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the dominant indications and laws of acupoint compatibility of Yinbai (SP1) by using modern statistics and data mining techniques.

METHODS: Literature about indications and acupoint prescriptions of SP1 published before October of 1949 were retrieved from books Chinese Medical Dictionary (5^th edition) and Collection of Modern Medical Journals of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and those published from October 1^st of 1949 to January of 2021 retrieved from databa-ses of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, Web of Science and Pubmed by using key words of Yinbai (SP1),”Guilei”(),”Guiyan”() and Jing (Well)-point of Spleen Meridian, followed by screening the data and establishing a SQL Server database after standardized processing. Then, the descriptive analysis, clustering analysis and association rule analysis were conducted by using Gephi visualization software, SPSS Statistics 25.0 and SPSS Modeler, separately.

RESULTS: Before October of 1949, the single SP1 acupoint was usually used to treat 12 types of diseases (mainly the internal diseases as asthma, abdominal distension, vomiting, etc.), and the compound prescriptions of SP1 were usually used to treat 20 types of diseases (mainly the internal diseases as insomnia and dreamful sleep, blood syndrome, etc.), and its adjunct acupoints belong to the first three meridians: the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian, Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian and Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian. After October of 1949, the single SP1 was used to dominantly treat 2 types of diseases (mainly the gynecological diseases as metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, and hypermenorrhea, etc.), and the compound prescriptions of SP1 were frequently used to treat 10 diseases (metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, sequela of apoplexy, mental disorders, insomnia and dreamful sleep, etc.), and the adjunct acupoints of compound prescriptions belong to the first three meridians, namely the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Concept Vessel and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian. Before and after October of 1949, the adjunct acupoints with the highest degree of correlation were Lidui (ST45), Shaoshang(LU11), Zusanli(ST36), Sanyinjiao (SP9), and Guanyuan (CV4). Cluster analysis showed that 9 effective clusters obtained may be used as potential prescriptions of SP1, and association rule analysis displayed that the first three strongly connected acupoint matching groups were: SP1-ST45, SP1-LU11, and SP1-ST36 frequently used before October of 1949, and SP1-SP9, SP1-ST36 and SP1-CV4 employed after October of 1949.

CONCLUSION: Data mining technology reveals that acupoint SP1 alone is mainly used to treat internal diseases before 1949, and gynecological diseases after 1949; and compound acupoint recipes of SP1 are mainly to treat the internal diseases before 1949, and the gynecological diseases and mental disorders after 1949 in China. The frequently employed adjunct acupoints of SP1 are ST45, LU11, ST36, SP9 and CV4 both before and after 1949.

PMID:35218630 | DOI:10.13702/j.1000-0607.20210096

Birth Defects Res. 2022 Feb 26. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1994. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In 2000, Chile’s Ministry of Health mandated fortification of wheat flour with folic acid at a concentration of 2.2 mg/kg to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs), resulting in a 50% reduction in NTD prevalence. Concerns about possible collateral effects of high folic acid intake led, in 2009, to decrease the folic acid fortification to 1.8 mg/kg of flour. Our study evaluated the impact of this modification on the prevalence of NTDs in Santiago.

METHODS: This study measured the prevalence of NTDs in live births and stillbirths born in Santiago. We calculated prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between pre-folic acid fortification (1999-2000), post-folic acid fortification (2001-2009), and post-modified folic acid fortification (2010-2015) periods for all NTDs and their specific types. We used chi-square tests to analyze proportions, and a Joinpoint regression to visualize prevalence time trends.

RESULTS: The NTD prevalence for the period 2001-2015 was 8.9 per 10,000 births, which represents a 48% reduction (PR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.45-0.61; p < .001) from the pre-folic acid fortification period. During 2010-2015, the NTD prevalence was 9.5/10,000 births, which was higher, but not statistically significantly different from 2001 to 2009 prevalence of 8.6/10,000 (PR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.96-1.30, p = .17).

CONCLUSIONS: Decreasing the concentration of folic acid fortification was not associated with a statistically significant change in the prevalence of NTDs. Mandatory folic acid fortification continues to be a safe and highly effective policy to prevent NTDs. Future studies should evaluate the prevalence of NTDs across Chile and adherence to folic acid fortification mandates.

PMID:35218603 | DOI:10.1002/bdr2.1994