Tag: nevin manimala

Cell Cycle. 2022 Mar 1:1-11. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2035618. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is a common complication in septic patients. To date, a limited number of biomarkers that could predict cardiomyocyte apoptosis have been explored. In this study, we successfully established a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic model, and it was found that miR-501-5p expression was down-regulated in peripheral blood samples of septic patients with cardiac dysfunction, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocytes, and the myocardium and peripheral blood in the septic model. Moreover, it was revealed that miR-501-5p overexpression could increase left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP), fractional shortening (FS), ejection fraction (EF), and maximum rate of the rise of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dt) in vivo, while it decreased the levels of myocardial injury-related indicators. In addition, LPS induction accelerated apoptosis and elevated the inflammation in HL-1 and HCM cells, which could be reversed by miR-501-5p overexpression. Mechanistically, we considered nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) as the target of miR-501-5p, and it was found that miR-501-5p prevented the binding between NR4A3 and Bcl-2. It was found that miR-501-5p exerted an inhibitory effect on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation in a NR4A3-dependent manner. Overall, our results may provide evidence for consideration of miR-501-5p in the therapy of sepsis.

PMID:35230891 | DOI:10.1080/15384101.2022.2035618

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Mar 1:1945998221082554. doi: 10.1177/01945998221082554. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare systemic allergen sensitivity and local allergen sensitivity in the sinonasal tissue of patients with a recently identified subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis strongly associated with allergy: central compartment atopic disease (CCAD).

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

SETTING: Academic tertiary care rhinology clinic.

METHODS: Fifteen participants with endoscopic and radiographic evidence of CCAD underwent systemic allergy testing with skin testing and measurement of serum specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to 15 regionally common aeroallergens. Local allergen sensitivity was determined by measuring sIgE to these same 15 allergens in their sinonasal tissue. sIgE testing was performed by ImmunoCAP assay.

RESULTS: Of the 15 participants, 14 were sensitive to at least 1 allergen locally in the central compartment and systemically on skin or serum testing. Among all participants, 4 were sensitive to allergens on central compartment sIgE testing that they were not sensitive to on skin and serum sIgE testing (range, 1-8 discordant allergens). Comparisons between local and systemic aeroallergen sensitivity results showed statistically significant correlations (P < .05) ranging from weak to strong.

CONCLUSION: Systemic allergy testing is recommended in the initial workup for CCAD. Local allergen sensitivities may be present in a subset of patients with CCAD. Further study of the clinical significance of these sensitivities should be undertaken in CCAD, with evaluation of the role of medical therapies and allergen immunotherapy in the treatment of CCAD.

PMID:35230893 | DOI:10.1177/01945998221082554

J Addict Nurs. 2022 Jan-Apr 01;33(1):13-19. doi: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000445.

ABSTRACT

This review explores contemporary literature exploring electronic gaming machine (EGM) use in the Australian context. EGMs, colloquially known in Australia as pokies (poker machines), lead statistics on gambling losses in Australia and are a substantially different form of gambling when compared with other means, such as sports or casino wagering. This article focuses on Australian literature on EGMs, with comparisons made with international trends. Searches of the Scopus, CINAHL, and Medline electronic journal databases were performed to find literature examining problem gambling through EGM use in older adults. The results of the search found that little literature exists regarding problematic EGM use in older adults; however of the studies that do exist, problem EGM use in the older adult cohort is frequently related to mental ill health as well as alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use. Addiction nurses are in a unique position to assess and detect problematic EGM gambling in older adults; however, few screening tools are used in clinical practice. Given the ease of access and increasing sophistication of EGMs, it is foreseeable that problematic EGM use will be an issue addiction nurses encounter in their future practice and one they should be aware of.

PMID:35230056 | DOI:10.1097/JAN.0000000000000445

Swiss Med Wkly. 2022 Feb 23;152:w30114. doi: 10.4414/smw.2022.w30114. eCollection 2022 Feb 14.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adults with transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) after the arterial switch operation (ASO) are an evolving cohort in adult cardiology. We aimed to analyze cardiac function and cardiac events after transition to the adult clinic in Switzerland.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adults with prior ASO enrolled in the Swiss Adult Congenital HEart disease Registry (SACHER) were included. We analyzed initial cardiac anatomy, surgical history, residual lesions and cardiac function at the time of inclusion, as well as cardiac events during follow-up. Patients were classified as complex (with ventricular septal defect) or simple (with intact interventricular septum) d-TGA.

RESULTS: The cohort included 149 patients (99 simple d-TGA, 50 complex d-TGA; age 21±3 years; 71% male, follow-up 27 [15-46] months). Prior to inclusion, patients with complex d-TGA had undergone more interventions related to the left ventricular outflow tract (16% vs. 3%, p = 0.01). Functional and cardiovascular status were similar between the groups. Eleven patients (7%) had a total of 19 cardiac events (5 complications and 14 re-interventions) during follow-up. Patients with complex d-TGA had more cardiac-related complications compared to those with simple d-TGA (8% vs. 1%, p = 0.03). The frequency of re-interventions was not statistically different between the two groups (12% vs. 4%, p = 0.07). During follow-up, an increase in QRS duration was observed. Other parameters of cardiac function remained unchanged.

CONCLUSION: The majority of adult ASO patients have normal functional class and cardiac function. Complex anatomy and residual lesions play a key role when regarding the occurrence of cardiac-related complications during follow-up. The role of QRS prolongation over time needs to be investigated further.

PMID:35230031 | DOI:10.4414/smw.2022.w30114

Pediatr Med Chir. 2022 Mar 1;44(1). doi: 10.4081/pmc.2022.275.

ABSTRACT

Lichen Sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with unknown etiology. In pediatric age the main disease “lichenlinked” is the phimosis in male. This is a retrospective study that reports the experience of our clinic and review of the literature. We included all patients affected by pathological phimosis, treated by circumcision between January 2015 and May 2020, older than 6 years old and with an histopathological diagnosis of lichen sclerosus. The aim was to identify prognostic factors based on histological report to plan the clinical management of patients. Statistical analysis was done. We included 207 patients. The mean age of children was 9,78 years (5-18 years, DS±3.29). Based on the histological features we divided patients in 2 groups: early lesions (70/207, 34%) and advanced (137/207, 66%). In term of complications lichen linked we considered meatal stenosis that needed of urethral dilatations. We included 7 patients (7/207, 3,4%). We report P value Statistical Significance in many aspects. An early diagnosis of LS and surgical treatment of foreskin are essential to prevent early and late complications in children. The size of sample is a limit of the study but results encourage our management.

PMID:35230046 | DOI:10.4081/pmc.2022.275

Swiss Med Wkly. 2022 Feb 21;152:w30139. doi: 10.4414/smw.2022.w30139. eCollection 2022 Feb 14.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture that follow injuries to the developing brain. It results in motor dysfunction and a wide variety of comorbidities like epilepsy; pain; speech, hearing and vision disorders; cognitive dysfunction; and eating and digestive difficulties. Central data collection is essential to the study of the epidemiology, clinical presentations, care, and quality of life of patients affected by CP. CP specialists founded the Swiss Cerebral Palsy Registry (Swiss-CP-Reg) in 2017. This paper describes the design, structure, aims and achievements of Swiss-CP-Reg and presents its first results.

METHODS: Swiss-CP-Reg records patients of any age diagnosed with CP who are born, are treated, or live in Switzerland. It collects data from medical records and reports, from questionnaires answered by patients and their families, and from data linkage with routine statistics and other registries. The registry contains information on diagnosis, clinical presentation, comorbidities, therapies, personal information, family history, and quality of life.

RESULTS: From August 2017 to August 2021, 546 participants (55% male, mean age at registration 8 years [interquartile range IQR: 5-12]), were enrolled in Swiss-CP-Reg. Most had been born at term (56%), were less than two years old at diagnosis (73%, median 18 months, IQR: 9-25), and were diagnosed with spastic CP (76%). Most (59%) live with a mild motor impairment (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] level I or II), 12% with a moderate motor impairment (GMFCS level III), and 29% with a severe motor impairment (GMFCS level IV or V). In a subset of 170 participants, we measured intelligence quotient (IQ) and saw lower IQs with increasing GMFCS level. Swiss-CP-Reg has a strong interest in research, with four nested projects running currently, and many more planned.

CONCLUSIONS: Swiss-CP-Reg collects and exchanges national data on people living with CP to answer clinically relevant questions. Its structure enables retrospective and prospective data collection and knowledge exchange between experts to optimise and standardise treatment and to improve the health and quality of life of those diagnosed with CP in Switzerland.

PMID:35230014 | DOI:10.4414/smw.2022.w30139

Croat Med J. 2022 Feb 28;63(1):89-97.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To assess the determinants and reasons for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy in Croatia.

METHODS: The data were collected through a sociological survey by using a mixed-mode approach (computer-assisted web interviewing and computer-assisted telephone interview) on a national sample of 765 adults aged 18 or above. Bivariate (χ2 test) and multivariate (binary logistic regression) statistical methods were used.

RESULTS: The rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was relatively high (35%), with unequal distribution across demographic groups. Binary logistic regression with demographic characteristics as predictors showed that women, younger age groups (especially 25-34-year-olds), persons residing in households with children, inhabitants of smaller settlements, and persons with lower levels of education had higher odds of vaccine hesitancy. Trust in the five main actors responding to the COVID-19 pandemic (the National Civil Protection Headquarters, Government, health care system, scientists-researchers, and media) was also a significant predictor of vaccine hesitancy. Risk perception was an even stronger predictor: persons who perceived SARS-CoV-2 infection as a small risk were more than ten times likelier to be vaccine hesitant than those who perceived it as a great risk.

CONCLUSION: Social groups that are more prone to vaccine hesitancy need to be approached through different channels and messages by taking into account their trust in institutions and risk perception.

PMID:35230010

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Mar 1. doi: 10.1002/uog.24893. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:35229932 | DOI:10.1002/uog.24893

Aust J Rural Health. 2022 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/ajr.12858. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Low retention is a significant contributor to medical workforce shortages in rural and remote regions of Australia, including in the Northern Territory (NT). Many of these areas are susceptible to climate change, which could exacerbate workforce retention problems.

OBJECTIVE: To examine factors influencing medical workforce retention in the NT, including the potential impact of climate change.

DESIGN: Cross sectional online survey of NT medical professionals, distributed via email through professional networks. Predominantly quantitative mixed methods (descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression, thematic analysis). Main 2 outcome measures reported were proportion of respondents intending to leave the NT, timeframe of intention to leave and motivating factors.

FINDINGS: Of 1407 registered practising medical professionals in the NT, 362 responded who met inclusion criteria (26% estimated response rate) and 351 completed all questions. Of the latter, 143 (41%) intended to leave the NT, 102 (29%) were unsure, and 106 (30%) did not intend to leave. Among doctors in training (DITs) 67 (55%) intended to leave and 29 (24%) were unsure. The best multivariable predictive model included only practice type (with general practitioners/rural generalists and non-GP specialists significantly less likely to intend to leave compared to DITs), and location of primary medical degree (with non-NT training non-significantly associated with greater intention to leave). Of those intending to leave 94 (66%) reported planning to do so within two years. Training and career development opportunities, job dissatisfaction, moving to a preferred location and family-related factors were all important motivators. Of those considering leaving, 58 (24%) identified climate change as a motivating factor.

CONCLUSION: Retention remains a key challenge in addressing rural workforce shortages. In addition to established factors, climate change is an important driver that has the potential to worsen workforce shortages in susceptible regions.

PMID:35229933 | DOI:10.1111/ajr.12858

Am J Reprod Immunol. 2022 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/aji.13529. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PROBLEM: Intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been proposed to facilitate embryo implantation, while its effect on clinical outcome of women with previous recurrent implantation failure in frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles is still unclear.

METHOD OF STUDY: 523 patients having not experienced successful clinical pregnancy were enrolled in our study, including 207 repeat implantation failure (RIF) patients, and 316 patients with previous implantation failures but failed to meet the diagnostic criteria for RIF (non-RIF). Autologous PBMCs were cultured with hCG for 4 hours in the hCG-activated PBMC-treated group (n = 73 in RIF patients, n = 112 in non-RIF patients), and then intrauterine administered 2 days before FET. In the hCG-treated group (n = 67 in RIF patients, n = 100 in non-RIF patients), recombinant hCG was administered 2 days before FET. The control group (n = 67 in RIF patients, n = 104 in non-RIF patients) underwent FET without intrauterine administration.

RESULTS: In RIF patients, the clinical pregnancy rate of the above three groups are 56.16%, 53.73% and 43.28%, respectively (P = 0.276). The implantation rate and live birth rate showed no significant differences (P>0.05). For non-RIF patients, higher clinical pregnancy rate was also seen in PBMC intrauterine group (57.15%) and hCG intrauterine group (58.00%) than controls (50.96%) but without statistical significance. There were no significant differences of implantation rate and live birth rate (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Intrauterine administration of hCG-activated PBMC and hCG did not improve clinical outcomes for both RIF and non-RIF patients before FET embryo transfer. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:35229928 | DOI:10.1111/aji.13529