Tag: nevin manimala

Int Ophthalmol. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1007/s10792-022-02293-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Comparison of the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas (SRK II, SRK/T, Holladay 1, Hoffer Q and Barrett II Universal, Haigis) in pediatric cataract surgery using optical biometry.

METHOD: This prospective study included seventy eyes of 70 patients between ages of 3-15 who had undergone cataract surgery with IOL implantation. Anterior segment parameters and axial length (AL) were measured with an optical biometer. Barrett II Universal formula results were used to determine the diopter of implanted IOL. Postoperative refraction was taken at first month, and differences from the estimated refractive value [mean absolute predictive error (APE)] were compared between formulas. Formulas were also compared according to AL.

RESULTS: The lowest APE was achieved with Barrett II formula (0.64 ± 0.73D) and the highest with Haigis formula (1.06 ± 0.84D) in the whole study population (p < 0.01). APE values were lowest with Holladay 1 (0.79 ± 0.71D) and highest with Haigis (1.44 ± 0.92D) in patients with an AL ≤ 22 mm; lowest APE was achieved with Barrett II (0.47 ± 0.54D) and highest with Haigis (0.84 ± 0.72D) in patients with an AL > 22 mm.

CONCLUSION: Barrett II formula had the best results in eyes with average AL, and SRK/T and Holladay 1 formulas were better in eyes with shorter AL. Haigis formula statistically had the highest predictive error in all formulas.

PMID:35362808 | DOI:10.1007/s10792-022-02293-7

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1007/s00259-022-05779-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) after radioiodine (RAI) therapy has been continuously debated. The aim of this study is to identify the risk of SPM in thyroid cancer (TC) patients with RAI compared with TC patients without RAI from matched cohort.

METHODS: Retrospective propensity-matched cohorts were constructed across 4 hospitals in South Korea via the Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI), and electrical health records were converted to data of common data model. TC patients who received RAI therapy constituted the target group, whereas TC patients without RAI therapy constituted the comparative group with 1:1 propensity score matching. Hazard ratio (HR) by Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the risk of SPM, and meta-analysis was performed to pool the HRs.

RESULTS: Among a total of 24,318 patients, 5,374 patients from each group were analyzed (mean age 48.9 and 49.2, women 79.4% and 79.5% for target and comparative group, respectively). All hazard ratios of SPM in TC patients with RAI therapy were ≤ 1 based on 95% confidence interval(CI) from full or subgroup analyses according to thyroid cancer stage, time-at-risk period, SPM subtype (hematologic or non-hematologic), and initial age (< 30 years or ≥ 30 years). The HR within the target group was not significantly higher (< 1) in patients who received over 3.7 GBq of I-131 compared with patients who received less than 3.7 GBq of I-131 based on 95% CI.

CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference of the SPM risk between TC patients treated with I-131 and propensity-matched TC patients without I-131 therapy.

PMID:35362796 | DOI:10.1007/s00259-022-05779-9

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1007/s00590-022-03249-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) procedure, combined with an intra-articular reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), is used to reduce rotational laxity and the risk of graft failure. However, concern of overtightening of the lateral compartment and subsequent osteoarthritis remains. The aim of this study is to evaluate the degenerative changes in the lateral compartment and to compare the clinical and radiographical results between two LET techniques.

METHODS: Eighty-three patients (86 knees) were retrospectively reviewed at a mean of 67.7 months (range 49-85 months). Forty-two knees had an ACL reconstruction combined with a LET procedure according to the modified Lemaire technique and 44 knees according to the modified Coker-Arnold technique. IKDC, Lysholm, Tegner and VAS scores were used. Osteoarthritis was radiographically evaluated by the Kellgren-Lawrence classification.

RESULTS: There were 12 patients (28.6%) in the modified Lemaire subgroup and 13 patients (29.5%) in the modified Coker-Arnold subgroup that had doubtful or mild radiologic signs of osteoarthritis. No patients had moderate or severe signs at final follow-up. There was no significant difference in radiological signs of osteoarthritis. In the modified Lemaire subgroup, we report a mean IKDC of 86.31 (± 13.794), a mean Lysholm of 87.83 (± 12.802) and a mean Tegner of 5.38 (± 2.556). In the modified Coker-Arnold subgroup, a mean IKDC of 87.27 (± 11.653), a mean Lysholm of 91.89 (± 8.035) and a mean Tegner of 5.16 (± 2.420) were reported. There were no statistical significant differences between both techniques. In eight patients, a complication was identified, 3 of which had a failure of the ACL reconstruction.

CONCLUSIONS: The chosen LET-technique seems to have minimal effect on both the clinical and the radiographic results. The LET is a safe procedure, and it does not increase the risk of osteoarthritis in the lateral compartment.

PMID:35362778 | DOI:10.1007/s00590-022-03249-4

Cancer Causes Control. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1007/s10552-022-01567-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: There is limited information about the dietary habits associated with stomach adenocarcinoma in the Brazilian population, so our purpose is to analyze the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods by patients with stomach adenocarcinoma in Brazil.

METHODS: A multicentric hospital-based case-control study was conducted in São Paulo (southeastern region) and Belém (Amazon region) of Brazil with 1,045 individuals, both sexes, between 18 and 75 years old. In São Paulo, there were 214 cases with stomach adenocarcinoma and 150 controls patients submitted to stomach endoscopy named as Group I (without any pre-malignant gastric disease) and the Healthy Controls (Group 2) comprised 401 individuals matched by age and sex from the prevention unit at A.C .Camargo Cancer Center. In Belém, it has two groups one are cases 140 and second 140 hospital controls, recruited in outpatient clinics. Lifestyle and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were administered in cases and controls in both places. Univariate and multivariable binomial logistic regression analyses were performed.

RESULTS: In São Paulo, cases reported two times greater consumption of processed meat (adjusted OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.32-4.96) and of sweets (≥ 80 g/day) than Group 1 (endoscopic controls) (adjusted OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.21-4.18). Compared with Group 2, processed food consumption (≥ 44 g/day) as well as ≥ 44 g/day of salted bread increased the odds of having stomach adenocarcinoma (adjusted OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.82-4.81 and adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.30-3.18), respectively. In Belém, individuals who reported consuming ≥ 166 g/day of fried and roasted meat and fish were more likely to have stomach adenocarcinoma (adjusted OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.13-4.30).

CONCLUSIONS: In both cities, consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods, especially salted bread, yellow cheese, fried and roasted meats, fish fried, processed meat, and sweets, was independently associated with the chance of having stomach adenocarcinoma.

PMID:35362791 | DOI:10.1007/s10552-022-01567-w

Eur Radiol. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1007/s00330-022-08754-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and reliability of a composite AI model for the diagnosis of levator ani muscle (LAM) avulsion of tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI).

METHODS: Ultrasonic images of the pelvic floor from a total of 304 patients taken from January 2018 to October 2020 were included. All patients included underwent standardized interviews and transperineal ultrasound (TPUS). Transfer-learning and ensemble-learning methods were adopted to develop the proposed model on the basis of three classic convolutional neural networks (CNN). Confusion matrix (CM) and the ROC statistic were used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed model. Gradient-weighted class activation mappings (Grad-CAMs) were used to help enhance the interpretability of the proposed model.

RESULTS: Of the 304 patients included, 208 were in the derivation cohort (108 LAM avulsion and 100 normal) and 96 (39 LAM avulsion and 57 normal) were in the validation cohort. The proposed model in LAM avulsion diagnosis outperformed other models and a junior clinician in both the test set of derivation cohort and the validation cohort, with accuracies of 0.95 and 0.81, and AUCs of 0.98 and 0.86, respectively. According to the heatmap of Grad-CAMs, the proposed model mainly localizes areas between the pubic symphysis and the bilateral insertion point of LAM when making a diagnosis, which is exactly the region of interest in clinical practice.

CONCLUSION: The proposed model using ultrasonic images of the pelvic floor may be a promising tool in assisting the diagnosis of LAM avulsion in clinical practice.

KEY POINTS: • First AI-assisted model for levator ani muscle avulsion diagnosis • Diagnosis accuracy of less-experienced clinicians could be improved using the proposed model.

PMID:35362748 | DOI:10.1007/s00330-022-08754-y

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2022;101(2):87-92. doi: 10.17116/stomat202210102187.

ABSTRACT

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was increasing of treatment effectiveness of patients with mouth floor odontogenic phlegmon (MFOP) by modified of surgical approach usage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective controlled, randomized, simple blinded clinical trial, II b level of evidence, comprised 86 patients with MFOP which formed main and control groups. The main group consisted of 40 patients treated with designed «Method for surgical treatment of odontogenic oral phlegmon of mouth floor with partial dissection of sublingual-submandibular sac». The control group involved 46 patients treated with traditional surgical procedure. The differences significance between the values has been evaluated with nonparametric Fisher’s exact P-test and parametric Student’s t-test for independent samples.

RESULTS: The modified surgical approach statistically significantly (p<0.05) decreased the number of inflammatory complications (from 26±7% to 9±4%), terms of secondary sutures application (from 7.9±1.4 to 5.7±1.6 days) and time of hospital stay (from 9.4±1.8 to 8.3±1.7 days). On the 5th day of treatment white blood cells count in the main group was significantly (p<0.05) lower (7.2±1.1·10⁹/l) than in controls (9.4±1.3·10⁹/l) showing improved intoxication syndrome resolution in the main group. Index of reaction of bacteria adsorption to the oral epithelium in the main group on the 5th day of treatment was significantly (p<0.05) higher (77.1±6.9%) than in controls (62.4±7.1%). More successful correction of local non-specific resistance was registered in the main group.

CONCLUSION: The proposed modified submandibular surgical approach is more effective for the treatment of patients with MFOP.

PMID:35362709 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202210102187

Parasitol Res. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1007/s00436-022-07505-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Eucoleus garfiai (syn. Capillaria garfiai) is a nematode infecting lingual tissue of domestic and wild swine. Prevalence data for this parasite are scant and often related to accidental findings, occurring only in Japan and a few European countries. In this study, an epidemiological survey was performed in order to identify E. garfiai in wild boar from the Campania region, southern Italy. A total of 153 wild boar carcasses were inspected over the course of two hunting seasons (2019-2020). Histological examinations were performed on tongue samples fixed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The scraping of dorsal tongue tissue was carried out to collect adult worms for parasitological examination. Out of 153 wild boars, 40 (26.1%, 95% CI: 19.8-33.6%) tested positive for helminths and/or eggs in tongue tissues. Parasites were identified morphologically and identification was confirmed by molecular analysis of the 18S rRNA gene, showing a 99% nucleotide match with E. garfiai sequences available in literature. No statistically significant differences were found according to age, sex nor hunting province. Our findings agree with previous histopathological data confirming the low pathogenic impact of this nematode. The present study represents the first report of E. garfiai in wild boar from Italy.

PMID:35362744 | DOI:10.1007/s00436-022-07505-8

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2022;101(2):42-46. doi: 10.17116/stomat202210102142.

ABSTRACT

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to assess the effectiveness of the use of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCF) modified with hyaluronic acid in the treatment of patients with periimplantitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical studies were conducted in 128 patients (44% male and 56% female) aged up to 55 years, who sought dental care with the main diagnosis of periimplant mucositis and periimplantitis. To compare the features of osseointegration of dental implants under bone remodeling three groups of patients were formed: one control and 2 main ones. In the control group the wound was managed under a blood clot, in the first main group HAP and TCF and in the second main group HAP and TCF modified with hyaluronic acid were used. X-ray examination was performed in various modes. Clinical assessment of implant stability in the operated area was carried out using subjective (percussion and palpation method) and objective method of frequency resonance analysis using the Osstell ISQ device calculating the stability coefficient of the dental implant (SCDI).

RESULTS: 12 months after the periimplant zone remodeling procedure the bone resorption rates surrounding the implant were statistically significantly the lowest in the second main group (0.682±0.006 mm, p<0.001) compared with the values in the control and first main groups (1.626±0.022 and 1.025±0.034 mm, respectively). In the former groups bone resorption continued to progress during the observation period. In patients of the second main group, the average values of the SCDI for all study periods were 68.97±1.09 units which turned out to be the highest indicator and significantly differed from the values of other observation groups (p<0.05), which may be due to a tighter fit of the implants to the surface of the newly formed bone tissue.

CONCLUSION: The results of the study 12 months after the periimplant zone remodeling operation procedure prove the efficacy of HAP and TCF modified with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of patients with periimplantitis.

PMID:35362702 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202210102142

Cancer Med. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4696. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Bereavement after the death of a child is devastating and associated with worse physical and psychosocial well-being in parents. Evidence suggests that parents desire and benefit from support provided by other bereaved parents. To foster this peer support, an institutional peer-to-peer mentorship program for bereaved parents was established, through which trained bereaved parent mentors offer support for newly bereaved parents.

METHODS: Using a retrospective cohort design, we describe the characteristics of participants of the Bereaved Parent Mentorship program. Trained bereaved parent mentors documented encounters with newly bereaved parent mentees using a secure internet-based form. Mentors summarized each encounter including any concerns or need for professional psychosocial support. Descriptive statistics were used to describe mentor and mentee characteristics; free text from encounter summaries was qualitatively analyzed using content analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 1368 documented encounters occurred between 150 mentees and 39 mentors from January 1, 2014 to February 29, 2020. Only seven encounters (0.5%) were flagged as serious concern necessitating professional psychosocial support. Four key themes in the encounters between mentors and mentees emerged, including: descriptions of the grief experience, ways in which a mentor supported their mentee, challenges the mentor experienced in supporting the mentee, and personal benefit gained by the mentor from supporting their mentee.

CONCLUSION: This structured Bereaved Parent Mentorship program fostered rich interactions between bereaved parent participants, with very few encounters requiring professional assistance. Future research will assess the impact of bereaved mentor programs on resilience and psychosocial, physical, and functional well-being of parents.

PMID:35362669 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.4696

Se Pu. 2022 Apr;40(4):372-383. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.09005.

ABSTRACT

Early diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can reduce the risk of major illnesses. Disadvantages of EBV antibody detection methods that are commonly used clinically include lengthy assay time, need for a lot of reagent, and low efficiency. Compared with traditional detection methods, microfluidics technology offers high throughput, low reagent consumption, less bio-contamination, and a higher degree of automation. Advantages of magnetic immunofluorescence technology include high detection efficiency and a strong signal. The combined advantages of the two methods can compensate for the shortcomings of traditional methods. In the present study, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the raw material was subjected to laser cutting and vacuum hot pressing to quickly obtain chips. Magnetic beads labeled with antigen and fluorescent microspheres labeled with anti-human antibody were then rapidly lyophilized into microspheres by freeze-drying and embedded into the chips. After incubation and cleaning, the last step was detection. Image J software was used to analyze the mean fluorescence intensity and obtain negative or positive test results. To determine the precision of the chip, high- and low-value samples of each item were retested 10 times. The mean values were calculated to obtain the relative standard deviation (RSD) for several common pathogens. Furthermore, the coincidence rate of clinical samples was tested using a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) to determine the potential clinical application value. The RSD of the precision test for each item was <10%, indicating good precision. The precision of the accelerated stability test was not verified. Specificity test results revealed no cross-reaction with some common pathogen antibodies, indicating good specificity. It remains to be verified whether the antibodies detected by this method cross-react with other herpes simplex viruses, such as types 1 and 2, Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated virus, and human herpes virus type 6 and 7. Of the 121 clinical samples tested, statistical analysis of the data indicated good agreement with the chemiluminescence immunoassay in clinical trials. EB viral capsid antigen (EB VCA) IgG positive coincidence rate was 95.77% (68/71), the negative coincidence rate was 86% (43/50) (Kappa=0.828, P<0.05), the limit of detection (LOD) was 1.92 U/mL, and the linear range was 1.92 to 200 U/mL. The EB VCA IgA positive coincidence rate was 92% (46/50), negative coincidence rate was 92.96% (66/71) (Kappa=0.847, P<0.05), LOD was 2.79 U/mL, and the linear range was 2.79 to 200 U/mL. The positive coincidence rate of EB nuclear antigen 1 (EB NA1) IgG was 92.96% (66/71), the negative coincidence rate was 92% (46/50) (Kappa=0.847, P<0.05), the LOD was 3.13 U/mL, and the linear range was 3.13 to 200 U/mL. The positive coincidence rate of EB NA1 IgA was 90% (45/50), the negative coincidence rate was 91.55% (65/71) (Kappa=0.813, P<0.05), the LOD was 1.53 U/mL, and the linear range was 1.53 to 200 U/mL. Compared with the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the novel method featured a shorter detection time, reduced use of reagent, high degree of automation, and less bio-contamination. Compared with CLIA, advantages of the novel method include multi-item combined detection, long luminescence time, and simple use as a basic health service. Compared with silicon and ceramic microfluidic chips, advantages of the selected PMMA material include low processing cost, short processing time, simple processing technology, and easy industrialization. A refinement that can still be made include the use of molding instead of laser cutting technology, which can further shorten the chip processing time. In summary, a microfluidic detection platform was initially built to provide a rapid, sensitive, simple, highly automated, and easy to be used by basic health service for the quantitative combined detection of EBV VCA and EB NA1 IgG and IgA.

PMID:35362685 | DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.09005