Tag: nevin manimala

Psychiatr Danub. 2021 Dec;33(Suppl 13):255-259.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the results of Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale among the Croatian population and its correlations with other scales and demographic data.

SUBJECT AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 420 people who voluntarily filled out an online questionnaire. They completed demographic questions and four scales: Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2).

RESULTS: ACSS scale showed five statistically significant differences between genders and a higher overall score in women, but no significant differences were recorded in three ACSS subscales and the overall ACSS score. In contrast to men, women respondents recorded a significant negative correlation between ACSS subscales score (Social, Consider) and BAS-2 and Satisfaction with life score, while a positive correlation was recorded with BMI.

CONCLUSION: The ACSS score among the Croatian population was higher than the results among the Italian and Serbian population, and similar to the original American study, which tells us that the Croatian population accepts and considers cosmetic surgery a lot. Furthermore, our results are important for practitioners and patients because they revealed correlations between ACSS scores and the self-thinking scale.

PMID:35150493

Psychiatr Danub. 2021 Dec;33(Suppl 13):278-287.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Women diagnosed with infertility and receiving infertility treatment reported high levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety and distress. Infertile women should first be screened for psychosocial risks. Psychosocial care interventions should be planned according to their needs. The aim of this methodologically designed study was to test the validity and reliability of the Screening Tool on Distress in Fertility Treatment’s (SCREENIVF) Turkish version in infertile women.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The present study included 323 women diagnosed with nulliparous and undergoing fertility treatment. Women filled in the descriptive characteristics questionnaire, The Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychosocial Infertility-Fertility Problem Stress Scale (COMPI-FPSS) and the SCREENIVF.

RESULTS: To examine the contribution of the items to the scale, six items with an insufficient contribution to the scale were removed from the scale as a result of the item-total score correlation values (Corrected item-total correlation <0.25). The item-total score correlation coefficients and subscale-total score correlation coefficients obtained for each subscale ranged from 0.31 to 0.98. According to the regression equation formed in line with the multivariate linear regression model that will model the linear relationship between COMPI-FPSS, which is a scale equivalent to the subscale of the SCREENIVF, the total scores of the subscale were statistically significant predictors of the scores obtained from COMPI-FPSS, and (F=161.281, p<0.001) multiple explanatory coefficients were 77.2%. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.77 and accepted to be reliable. 16% of the women participating in this study were above the cut-off scores concerning anxiety and depression, 13.9% acceptance, 8.2% hopelessness and 2% social support. The scale consisted of five subscales and 28 items.

CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the Turkish version of SCREENIVF is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in the routine assessment regarding psychosocial aspects in the infertility treatment process.

PMID:35150496

Acta Paediatr. 2022 Feb 12. doi: 10.1111/apa.16289. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Tongue tie is a common problem affecting breastfeeding due to poor infant latch and/or maternal pain. Evidence of whether treatment improves breastfeeding outcomes is conflicting. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effectiveness of tongue tie treatment on breastfeeding difficulties.

METHODS: We searched peer-reviewed and grey literature in MEDLINE (OVID), PubMed, CINAHL Plus, EMBASE and PsycINFO, from 01/1970 to 09/2019. Inclusion: randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, and quasi-experimental study designs, involving breastfeeding interventions for full-term singleton infants, using standardized measure of breastfeeding difficulty. Exclusion: qualitative and purely observational studies, lacked operational definition of breastfeeding difficulty, lacked control/comparison group. We assessed risk of bias, summarized study quality and results, and conducted meta-analysis using random effects modelling.

RESULTS: Six studies on tongue tie division were included (4 randomized, 2 non-randomized). Meta-analysis of standardized mean differences in breastfeeding difficulty scores in four studies showed statistically significant differences in favour of frenotomy (Pooled SMD +2.12, CI:(0.17-4.08)p=0.03). Similarly, a statistically significant difference in favour of frenotomy was observed for pain (Pooled SMD -1.68, 95% CI:(-2.87- -0.48).

CONCLUSION: Results support that infant frenotomy is effective for improving standardized scores on breastfeeding difficulty and maternal pain scales and could improve breastfeeding outcomes.

PMID:35150472 | DOI:10.1111/apa.16289

Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Feb 10. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2021.6841. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

In dentistry, indirect diagnostic methods such as electrical sensibility testing and pulse oximetry are used to assess the status of the pulp. Our study aimed to determine the correlation between hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular volume density (Vvasc). We also wanted to examine an electrical sensibility test and the volume density of myelinated nerve fibers (Vnerv). Twenty-six intact permanent premolars were included in the study. For histological analysis, the pulp tissue was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically for von Willebrand factor and S100 to detect blood vessels and myelinated nerve fibers, respectively. The stereological analysis was used to determine the Vvasc and Vnerv. Statistical analysis was done using the Pearson correlation test and Welch’s ANOVA test. Histological analysis showed that the pulp tissue was strongly vascularized and innervated. A significant positive correlation was found between Vvasc and hemoglobin oxygen saturation levels (p=0.030). A significant negative correlation was found between Vnerv and the lowest electrical voltage that patient felt (p=0.033). According to the maturity of the dental apex, teeth were divided into a group with open (N=6, OA group) and closed apex (N=20, CA group). We found that pulps in the CA group had higher Vnerv than the OA group (p=0.037). In contrast, there were no significant differences in Vvasc of the pulp tissue (p=0.059), oxygen saturation (p=0.907), or electrical voltage (p=0.113) between both groups. We can conclude that the measurement of pulse oximetry and electrical sensibility test reflect the morphology of healthy pulp tissue independently of the maturity of the dental apex.

PMID:35150478 | DOI:10.17305/bjbms.2021.6841

Dent Traumatol. 2022 Feb 12. doi: 10.1111/edt.12736. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The growth of the global elderly population will lead to an increase in traumatic injuries in this group, including those affecting the maxillofacial area, with a heavier load on health systems. The aim of this multicentric prospective study was to understand and evaluate the incidences, causes and patterns of oral and maxillofacial injuries in patients aged over 60 years admitted to 14 maxillofacial surgical departments around the world.

METHODS: The following data were collected: gender, cause and mechanism of maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using non-parametric and association tests, as well as linear regression.

RESULTS: Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 348 out of 2387 patients (14.6%), 197 men and 151 women (ratio 1.3:1; mean age 72.7 years), were hospitalized. The main causes of the maxillofacial fractures were falls (66.4%), followed by road traffic accidents (21.5%) and assaults (5.2%). Of the 472 maxillofacial fractures, 69.7% were in the middle third of the face, 28% in the lower third and 2.3% in the upper third. Patients with middle third fractures were on average 4.2 years older than patients with lower third fractures (95% CI 1.2-7.2). Statistical analysis showed that women were more involved in fall-related trauma compared with males (p < .001). It was also shown that road traffic accidents cause more fractures in the lower third (p < .001) and in the middle third-lower third complex compared with upper third (p < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: Maxillofacial fractures in the elderly were more frequent in European and Australian centres and affected men slightly more than women. Falls were the leading cause of fractures, especially among women. The middle third of the face was most often affected, and conservative treatment was the most common choice for the management of such patients.

PMID:35150461 | DOI:10.1111/edt.12736

Int J Health Plann Manage. 2022 Feb 12. doi: 10.1002/hpm.3427. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is one of the most detrimental pandemics that affected the humanity throughout the ages. The irregular historical progression of the virus over the first year of the pandemic was accompanied with far-reaching health and social damages. To prepare logistically against this worsening disaster, many public authorities around the world had set up screening and forecasting studies. This article aims to analyse the time-frequency co-evolution of the number of confirmed cases (NCC) in Tunisia and the related number of performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests over the COVID-19 first year. Accurately predicting such a relationship allows Tunisian authorities to set up an effective health prevention plan.

STUDY DESIGN: In order to keep pace with the speed of evolution of the virus, we used uninterrupted daily time series from the Tunisian Ministry of Public Health (TMPH) recorded over the COVID-19 first year. The objective is to: (1) analyse the time-frequency progress of the NCC in relationship with the number of PCR tests, (2) identify a multi-scale two-factor stochastic model in order to develop a robust bivariate forecasting technique.

METHODS: We assume a bivariate stochastic process which is projected onto a set of wavelet sub-spaces to investigate the scale-by-scale co-evolvement the NCC/PCR over the COVID-19 first year. A wavelet-based multiresolutional causality test is then performed.

RESULTS: The main results recommend the rejection of the null hypothesis of no instantaneous causality in both directions, while the statistics of the Granger test suggest failing to reject the null hypothesis of non-causality. However, by proceeding scale-by-scale, the Granger causality is proven significant in both directions over varying frequency bands.

CONCLUSIONS: It is important to include the NCC and PCR variables in any time series model intended to predict one of these variables. Such a bivariate and multi-scale model is supposed to better predict the needs of the public health sector in screening tests. On this basis, testing campaigns with multiple periodicities can be planned by the Tunisian authorities.

PMID:35150453 | DOI:10.1002/hpm.3427

J Med Virol. 2022 Feb 11. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27661. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Many people want to know when the COVID-19 pandemic will end and life will return to normal. This question is highly elusive and distinct predictions have been proposed. In this study, the global mortality and case fatality rate of COVID-19 were analyzed using the nonlinear regression. The analysis showed that the COVID-19 pandemic could terminate in 2022, but COVID-19 could be one or two times more deadly than seasonal influenza by 2023. The prediction considered the possibility of emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 and was supported by the features of the Omicron variant and other facts. Since the herd immunity against COVID-19 established through natural infections and mass vaccination is distinct among countries, COVID-19 could be more or less deadly in some countries in the coming years than the prediction. Although the future of COVID-19 will have multiple possibilities, this statistics-based prediction could aid to make proper decisions and establish an example on prediction of infectious diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:35150458 | DOI:10.1002/jmv.27661

Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2022 Feb 12. doi: 10.1007/s11920-022-01316-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Suicide risk assessment is a challenge in clinical practice. Implicit measures may present with advantages with respect to explicit methods, and therefore may be useful for the assessment of suicide risk. We conducted a systematic review of 2 databases (PubMed and EMBASE) about implicit tests that measure suicide risk to explore their validity and reliability.

RECENT FINDINGS: Initial research revealed 321 articles. After the selection process, 31 articles were included in the review. The most death-related implicit cognition test used was the Death/Suicide Implicit association test (D/S IAT), followed by the Suicide Stroop Task. The Suicide Affect Misattribution Procedure (S-AMP) and the Death version of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (D-IRAP) were also used. We found that the measures reviewed were generally valid for the assessment of past and future suicidal thoughts and behaviors, with statistically significant results regarding retrospective and prospective associations.

PMID:35150387 | DOI:10.1007/s11920-022-01316-5

World J Pediatr. 2022 Feb 12. doi: 10.1007/s12519-021-00502-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Early post-traumatic seizures (EPTS) refer to epileptic seizures occurring within one week after brain injury. This study aimed to define the risk factors of EPTS and the protective factors that could prevent its occurrence.

METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study in the PICU, Beijing Children’s Hospital. Patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injury (TBI), admitted with and without EPTS between January 2016 and December 2020 were included in the study.

RESULTS: We included 108 patients diagnosed with TBI. The overall EPTS incidence was 33.98% (35/108). The correlation between EPTS and depressed fractures is positive (P = 0.023). Positive correlations between EPTS and intracranial hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage had been established (P = 0.011and P = 0.004, respectively). The detection rates of EPTS in the electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring was 80.00%. There was a significant difference in the EEG monitoring rate between the two groups (P = 0.041). Forty-one (37.86%, 41/108) post-neurosurgical patients were treated with prophylactic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and eight (19.51%, 8/41) still had seizures. No statistical significance was noted between the two groups in terms of prophylactic AEDs use (P = 0.519). Logistic regression analysis revealed that open craniocerebral injury and fever on admission were risk factors for EPTS, whereas, surgical intervention and use of hypertonic saline were associated with not developing EPTS.

CONCLUSIONS: Breakthrough EPTS occurred after severe TBI in 33.98% of pediatric cases in our cohort. This is a higher seizure incidence than that reported previously. Patients with fever on admission and open craniocerebral injuries are more likely to develop EPTS.

PMID:35150398 | DOI:10.1007/s12519-021-00502-4

Neurol Sci. 2022 Feb 12. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-05947-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders with the incidence rate higher in developing states. It is a multifactorial ailment in which genetic diversity along with other factors plays an important role. The objective of this study was to assess the involvement of different risk factors including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in GABRA1 (rs2279020) and GABRG2 (rs211037) genes with the susceptibility to epilepsy in the targeted population. Blood samples of 180 subjects were taken and genotyped through tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction technique. The obtained demographic and genotypic data were analyzed through different statistical tools including χ² (chi-square) test and odds ratio. Parental consanguinity and family history of seizures were observed in a considerable number of cases of this study along with residency in industrial areas. But, no association of rs2279020 (χ² = 0.900, P = 0.638) and rs211037 (χ² = 0.045, P = 0.832) was observed with predisposition to epilepsy. However, GG genotype of rs2279020 was observed more in female cases as compared to male cases. Furthermore, TG haplotype was observed to be associated with the increased risk of developing epilepsy (χ² = 9.097; OR = 2.586; P = 0.002). Genetic models also showed no correlation of the targeted SNPs with the susceptibility to epilepsy. The outcomes of the present study suggested that neither rs211037 nor rs2279020 were associated with increased susceptibility to epilepsy in the targeted population.

PMID:35150350 | DOI:10.1007/s10072-022-05947-7