Tag: nevin manimala

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2021;121(12. Vyp. 2):56-61. doi: 10.17116/jnevro202112112256.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Was to determine the proportion of patients with ischemic stroke (IS) who achieved functional independence by the end of the hospitalization, among those who underwent systemic thrombolytic therapy (STT) with two different alteplase preparations (Actilyse and Revelisa).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: An open, prospective observational non-interventional cohort study of the results of STT in patients with IS was carried out. The study included 195 patients, 123 men and 72 women aged 32 to 86 years, who received STT in the acute period of IS. Of these, 120 patients received Actilyse, 75 – Revelisa.

RESULTS: Patients who achieved independence in movement (0-2 points on the modified Rankin scale (MRS)) among those who received STT with Actilyse and Revelisa, the value of the χ² criterion was 0.014 (p=0.905), which showed that there was no statistical significance of the difference in the frequency of recovery of functional disorders on the MRS scale, in patients receiving STT with two different alteplase preparations.

CONCLUSION: After STT with alteplase preparations, patients with IS experienced a significant improvement, which was expressed in a statistically significant decrease in the severity of neurological deficit and a decrease in the degree of disability. When comparing the results of STT with two different alteplase preparations, no statistically significant differences were found in terms of mortality, survival, and independence during the acute period of IS.

PMID:35044127 | DOI:10.17116/jnevro202112112256

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2021;121(12. Vyp. 2):5-8. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20211211225.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze mortality rates, rehabilitation potential, and features of the course of stroke in patients with COVID-19.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 50 patients in the acute period of stroke who were diagnosed with a new coronavirus infection during treatment. For comparison, we selected a group of 50 patients who had stroke during this period.

RESULTS: In the study group, the virus was identified in 38 (76%) patients by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The onset of symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection or fever was observed on average 11 days after the onset of neurological symptoms. Only in 10 (20%) patients, a PCR smear showed a positive result in the first 24 hours after the development of a stroke. In the main group, death was observed in 30% (n=15) of cases; in the comparison group – in 6% (n=3) cases. Also, in the main group of patients, a lower degree of recovery of impaired neurological functions was noted on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). At discharge from the hospital, 33 (66%) patients had moderate and severe disabilities according to the modified Rankin scale (3-4 points). The differences were statistically significant, as in the main group there was more pronounced disability than in the control group. Lymphopenia was noted in 26 (52%) patients of the main group on admission.

CONCLUSION: Increased mortality rate, decreased recovery of neurological functions and severe disabilities are observed in the group of patients with stroke who were infected by COVID-19. Lymphopenia in a patient with stroke can serve as a prognostic marker of the possible presence of COVID-19 and the degree of lung tissue damage.

PMID:35044119 | DOI:10.17116/jnevro20211211225

Vet Med Sci. 2022 Jan 19. doi: 10.1002/vms3.725. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Veterinarians and support staff have been reporting the negative mental health effects from client complaints (CC). A previous study was performed evaluating these effects in veterinarians however no such study has been performed on veterinary support staff (VSS).

OBJECTIV: The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and effects of CCs on VSS.

METHODS: A cross sectional anonymous survey using a web-based questionnaire was created evaluating the frequency, type, and effects from CC. The survey was distributed to five different VSS Facebook groups and respondents provided demographic information and reported the frequency and effects of such complaints.

RESULTS: A total of 681 questionnaires were collected during the study period but 130 were incomplete and were excluded from analysis. This resulted in 551 completed questionnaires available for review. One hundred and ninety (34.4%) VSS reported being subject to a CC in the previous 6 months with cost of care the most common reason (78.6%). Two hundred and sixty VSS (47.2%) reported feeling depressed because of CCs made against them, 295 VSS (53.5%) stated CCs negatively affected their enjoyment of their job, and 146 (26.5%) have considered changing their career because of CCs.

CONCLUSIONS: CC have detrimental effects on VSS career satisfaction, mental health and hospital practices. Further studies are warranted to mitigate the detrimental effects of CCs.

PMID:35044103 | DOI:10.1002/vms3.725

J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Jan 10;28(2):e47-e53. doi: 10.47750/jptcp.2022.855. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research is to prepare a healthy psychological course and study its impact on the levels of serum uric acid (SUA) and pessimism and depression. The research sample was limited to teaching staff of the Iraqi State Universities in Baghdad, who were retired at 63-65 years of age. Data were collected by independent group experimental approach via pre- and posttest measurements. The study sample consisted of 21 people with cases of pessimism and depression. The sample was randomly chosen based on their consent to do pre- and posttests and to be subjected to healthy psychological approach. After collecting the data obtained from the samples and processing them statistically, the results showed that the healthy psychological course had a positive effect on the levels of SUA, pessimism, and depression of the research sample.

PMID:35044115 | DOI:10.47750/jptcp.2022.855

Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2022 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/irv.12923. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In the United States, infection with SARS-CoV-2 caused 380,000 reported deaths from March to December 2020.

METHODS: We adapted the Moving Epidemic Method to all-cause mortality data from the United States to assess the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic across age groups and all 50 states. By comparing all-cause mortality during the pandemic with intensity thresholds derived from recent, historical all-cause mortality, we categorized each week from March to December 2020 as either low severity, moderate severity, high severity, or very high severity.

RESULTS: Nationally for all ages combined, all-cause mortality was in the very high severity category for 9 weeks. Among people 18 to 49 years of age, there were 29 weeks of consecutive very high severity mortality. Forty-seven states, the District of Columbia, and New York City each experienced at least 1 week of very high severity mortality for all ages combined.

CONCLUSIONS: These periods of very high severity of mortality during March through December 2020 are likely directly or indirectly attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. This method for standardized comparison of severity over time across different geographies and demographic groups provides valuable information to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify specific locations or subgroups for deeper investigations into differences in severity.

PMID:35044097 | DOI:10.1111/irv.12923

BJU Int. 2022 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/bju.15693. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To compare between transurethral cystolithotripsy and percutaneous cystolithotripsy in the management of bladder stones in male children regarding efficacy and morbidity.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred boys younger than 14 years with a single bladder or urethral stone less than 30 mm were randomized into two equal groups. Initial diagnostic urethro-cystoscopy and push back of urethral stones were done for patients in both groups. Patients in group A had transurethral cystolithotripsy, while those in group B had percutaneous cystolithotripsy through a 20-Fr sheath using a 12-Fr nephroscope. The two groups were compared regarding preoperative criteria, intraoperative details and postoperative outcomes.

RESULTS: The patients in this study had a median (range) age of 36 (4-144) months and a median (range) stone size of 10 (5-26) mm. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding preoperative criteria. The assigned procedure was successful in 48(96%) patients in group A and 49 (98%) patients in group B (p = 1). Complications were encountered in 11(22%) patients in group A and five (10%) patients in group B (p = 0.171). The median (range) operative time was 21.5 (4-90) minutes in group A and 13 (5-70) minutes in group B (p < 0.001). Forty seven (94%) stones needed disintegration in group A versus 22 (44%) in group B (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Both techniques have comparable success and complications rates. However, percutaneous cystolithotripsy has a shorter operative time and less need for stone disintegration.

PMID:35044035 | DOI:10.1111/bju.15693

J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2022 Jan 19:e13476. doi: 10.1002/acm2.13476. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Calculating the adequate target margin for real-time tumor tracking using the Cyberknife system is a challenging issue since different sources of error exist. In this study, the clinical log data of the Cyberknife system were analyzed to adequately quantify the planned target volume (PTV) margins of tumors located in the lung and abdomen regions.

METHODS: In this study, 45 patients treated with the Cyberknife module were examined. In this context, adequate PTV margins were estimated based on the Van Herk formulation and the uncertainty estimation method by considering the impact of errors and uncertainties. To investigate the impact of errors and uncertainties on the estimated PTV margins, a statistical analysis was also performed.

RESULTS: Our study demonstrates five different sources of errors, including segmentation, deformation, correlation, prediction, and targeting errors, which were identified as the main sources of error in the Cyberknife system. Furthermore, the clinical evaluation of the current study reveals that the two different formalisms provided almost identical PTV margin estimates. Additionally, 4-5 mm and 5 mm margins on average could provide adequate PTV margins at lung and abdomen tumors in all three directions, respectively. Overall, it was found that concerning the PTV margins, the impact of correlation and prediction errors is very high, while the impact of robotics error is low.

CONCLUSIONS: The current study can address two limitations in previous researches, namely insufficient sample sites and a smaller number of patients. A comparison of the present results concerning the lung and abdomen areas with other studies reveals that the proposed strategy could provide a better reference in selection the PTV margins. To our knowledge, this study is one of the first attempts to estimate the PTV margins in the lung and abdomen regions for a large cohort of patients treated using the Cyberknife system.

PMID:35044071 | DOI:10.1002/acm2.13476

Water Environ Res. 2021 Dec 29;94(1):e1683. doi: 10.1002/wer.1683. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The presence of reactive dyes in textile wastewater is a serious environmental concern due to their associated mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. The present study aims to analyze the effect of different anodic materials on the decolorization of a real textile wastewater effluent. For this purpose, four different anodic materials-TiO₂ -coated platine, TiO₂ -coated ruthenium dioxide (RuO₂ ) (viz., RuO₂ ), titanium dioxide (TiO₂ ), and graphite-were connected, respectively, to titanium dioxide (TiO₂ ) used as a cathode electrode. Color and cost optimization studies were performed using the response surface methodology and the Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD). According to ANOVA results, the R² values for Pt/TiO₂ , RuO₂ /TiO₂ , TiO₂ /TiO₂ , and graphite/TiO₂ electrode pairs were found to be 97.4%, 93.8%, 92.44%, and 92.2%, respectively, indicating a good compatibility as it is close to one. The results show that color removal efficiencies at the optimal conditions were 86.3%, 90.8%, 91.5%, and 93.6% for Pt/TiO₂ , graphite/TiO₂ , TiO₂ /TiO₂ , and RuO₂ /TiO₂ , respectively. Furthermore, energy consumption cost at the optimum conditions was also evaluated, and the results were as follows: Pt/TiO₂ (0.95 €/m³ ), graphite/TiO₂ (0.74 €/m³ ), TiO₂ /TiO₂ (0.31 €/m³ ), and RuO₂ /TiO₂ (0.26 €/m³ ). Consequently, this research paper shows that all of the tested anodic materials give satisfactory color removal efficiencies higher than 86%. When energy consumption and color removal are considered together, the use of TiO₂ /TiO₂ and RuO₂ /TiO₂ pairs would be preferred. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Anodic contribution was investigated for decolorization of textile wastewater by electrooxidation process. Graphite, TiO₂ -coated Pt, TiO₂ -coated RuO₂ , and TiO₂ were used as anode materials. Highest color removal with lowest energy consumption was achieved with TiO₂ -coated RuO₂ anode material (93.6%).

PMID:35044018 | DOI:10.1002/wer.1683

J Vet Intern Med. 2022 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16344. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The magnitude of diagnostic abnormalities can influence the perception of clinical outcome. Extreme neutrophilic leukocytosis (ENL) is an uncommon finding caused by markedly increased granulopoiesis. A lack of recent, large-scale studies limits our understanding of the importance, causation, and prognosis associated with ENL in dogs.

HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Describe disease categories (DC) identified in dogs with ENL and identify variables associated with survival. We hypothesized that factors including fever, segmented and band neutrophil counts, and DC would be negatively associated with survival.

ANIMALS: Two-hundred sixty-nine dogs with ENL (segmented neutrophils ≥50 × 10³ cells/μL) presented to the veterinary teaching hospitals at Auburn University (n = 164), the University of Missouri (n = 81), and Oklahoma State University (n = 24) between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019.

METHODS: Retrospective study. Demographic data and outcome variables including temperature, CBC findings, DC, duration of hospitalization (DOH) and outcome were acquired from the medical record. Statistical analyses included chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Pearson product moment correlations with a P < .05 significance level.

RESULTS: Mortality was 41%. Survival differed with DC (P = .002). Mortality was higher (P < .05) in dogs with neoplasia (56.2%) vs immune-mediated disease (20.5%) or tissue damage/necrosis (19%). Weight (P = .001, r = -0.14) and total neutrophil count (P = .04, r = -0.02) were weakly negatively associated with survival whereas DOH was weakly positively associated with survival (P = .03, r = 0.14).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Mortality in dogs with ENL is high but differed according to DC. Only weak correlations between clinical or clinicopathologic variables and mortality were identified. Extreme neutrophilic leukocytosis should be interpreted in conjunction with the underlying disease process, and not broadly used to predict clinical outcome.

PMID:35043992 | DOI:10.1111/jvim.16344

NMR Biomed. 2022 Jan 14:e4693. doi: 10.1002/nbm.4693. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The cell volume fraction (CVF) of the human brain is high (~ 82%) and preserved across healthy aging while the brain declines in volume. These two observations, supported by several independent techniques, suggest that cell volume fraction is an important structural parameter. A new biophysical model is presented that incorporates CVF into the Goldman equation of classical membrane electrophysiology. The Goldman equation contains few structural constraints beyond two compartments separated by a semipermeable membrane supporting ion gradients. As potassium is the most permeable ion in the resting state, the resting membrane potential is determined by the potassium ion gradient. This biophysical model indicates that the sodium-potassium ion pumps use less energy at high CVF to maintain the resting membrane potential, explaining the high value of CVF and its conservation with healthy aging. Cell volume fraction is measured to be statistically significantly higher in the brains of males compared to females, suggesting a structural requirement for higher energy efficiency in the larger male brain to support the greater number of neurons and synapses. As CVF can be measured in humans using quantitative sodium MR imaging and has potential implications for brain health, CVF may be a quantitative parameter that is useful for assessment of brain health, especially in patients with diseases such as dementia and psychiatric disease that do not have anatomical correlates detectable by clinical proton MR imaging.

PMID:35044017 | DOI:10.1002/nbm.4693