Tag: nevin manimala

Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2634447. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2634447. Epub 2026 Feb 24.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The treatment strategy for intestinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and the role of surgery warrant reevaluation.

METHODS: This study analyzed clinical data from a cohort of 12,047 patients diagnosed with intestinal NHL, extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance System database between 2002 and 2021.

RESULTS: Among these patients, 3,566 (29.6%) were categorized into the surgery group, while 8,481 (70.4%) were included in the nonsurgery group. Surgery was independently associated with both prolonged overall survival (OS) and a favorable prognosis in multivariate analysis (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.645, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.598-0.695, p <.001). The median OS was longer in patients who underwent lymph node dissection during surgery than in patients who did not undergo lymph node dissection (10-year OS with lymph node dissection 63.17% vs. surgery without lymph node dissection 54.78%, p < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first Korean population-based nationwide study to describe the clinical impact of surgery on the OS of patients with intestinal NHL. A prospective randomized study evaluating strategies to improve the survival of intestinal NHL patients is needed.

PMID:41732903 | DOI:10.1080/07853890.2026.2634447

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2026 Feb 24. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.70914. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Postpartum comfort refers to the mother’s perceived physical, psychospiritual, and sociocultural well-being during the postpartum period. The present study examined the mediating role of postpartum comfort in the effect of perceived social support on breastfeeding self-efficacy among primiparous mothers who had undergone a cesarean delivery.

METHODS: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted between June 2024 and June 2025 at a university hospital. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires completed by the mothers, including the maternal personal information form, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale-short form (BSES-SF), and the postpartum comfort scale (PCS). Higher scores indicate higher perceived social support, higher postpartum comfort, and greater breastfeeding self-efficacy. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0.

RESULTS: In the present study which included 314 primiparous mothers, correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive relationship between total MSPSS and total BSES-SF scores (r = 0.357; P < 0.001), a weak positive relationship between total MSPSS and total PCS scores (r = 0.225; P < 0.001), and a strong positive relationship between total PCS and total BSES-SF scores (r = 0.703; P < 0.001). In the hierarchical regression analysis, Model 1 showed that social support significantly predicted breastfeeding self-efficacy and explained 12.8% of the variance (F_1,312 = 45.623; P < 0.001). In Model 2, when postpartum comfort was added, both variables remained significant predictors, and the explained variance increased to 53.6% (F_2,311 = 179.517; P < 0.001). The standardized effect of social support decreased from β = 0.357 to β = 0.210. The Sobel test (z = 6.26; P < 0.001) confirmed the partial mediating role of postpartum comfort.

CONCLUSION: A substantial part of the effect of perceived social support on breastfeeding self-efficacy is explained by postpartum comfort. The findings indicate integrating strategies that enhance comfort and social support into policies and nursing practices can strengthen maternal-infant health and improve breastfeeding outcomes.

PMID:41732902 | DOI:10.1002/ijgo.70914

HLA. 2026 Feb;107(2):e70617. doi: 10.1111/tan.70617.

ABSTRACT

The Han Chinese are divided into Chinese Northern Han (CNH) and Chinese Southern Han (CSH) by the Yangtze River. CSH shows enriched KIR-HLA-A/B interactions due to historical migrations, while the research on CNH’s KIR-HLA diversity and evolution remains insufficient. This study elucidated the KIR-HLA immunogenetic landscape in CNH and compared it with CSH and global populations. Peripheral blood samples from 530 healthy, unrelated CNH individuals were analysed for KIR and HLA-A, -B, -C genes, using the Lifecodes KIR-SSO typing and SeCore HLA genotyping kits. Data were compared with global populations using the Allele Frequency Net Database and the 13th International Histocompatibility Workshop and Conference. Statistical analyses included principal component analysis, genetic distance calculations, and hierarchical clustering. Based on the distribution of 16 KIR genes, CNH was clustered within the East Asian genetic sphere, closest to Inner Mongolia Han (distance = 0.587) and CSH (0.685). The global average KIR AA1 frequency was 29.06%, with CNH’s frequency (52.1%) being substantially above this average. CNH exhibited a Δ genetic distance of -0.4 between KIR+HLA pairs and HLA ligands when compared with CSH, highlighting their close genetic relationship in KIR-HLA interactions. HLA class I haplotypes in CNH encoded more KIR ligands compared to other populations, with a significant difference between CNH and CSH (p_c = 0.017). This study showed CNH had a unique KIR-HLA profile in East Asia, with higher KIR AA1 frequencies and more KIR ligands encoded by HLA class I haplotypes, reflecting its genetic diversity and impact on immunity and disease.

PMID:41732890 | DOI:10.1111/tan.70617

Circ Popul Health Outcomes. 2026 Feb 24:e012643. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.125.012643. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Inconsistent selection of reference groups may contribute to inconclusive blood pressure control targets for patients with hypertension. This study aims to identify optimal systolic blood pressure (SBP) targets for individuals with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) by employing a novel metric combining blood pressure magnitude and duration.

METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of individual-level data from 4 clinical trials (ACCORD, ALLHAT, SHEP, and SPRINT). Participants aged >80 years, with prevalent heart failure, or with missing follow-up SBP measurements or CVD history were excluded. The proportion of time-in-target range (TTR) was estimated using linear interpolation to quantify longitudinal SBP changes across predefined SBP ranges. Associations between TTR and major adverse cardiovascular events were assessed using stratified Cox proportional hazards models, analyzed separately by CVD history, and stratified by study trials, with hazard ratios (HRs) estimated per 10% increase in TTR. Lower TTR within the same target served as the implicit reference.

RESULTS: Among 59 727 participants included in the analysis, the mean age was 65.8 (SD, 6.9) years, 52.3% were men, and 24 524 (41.1%) had a history of CVD. Higher TTR within SBP ranges of 110 to 140 mm Hg was consistently associated with a lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in participants with and without CVD. For SBP of 110 to 120 mm Hg, HRs were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86-0.92) in participants without CVD and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.90-0.95) among those with CVD; corresponding HRs were 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83-0.88) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.88-0.92) for 120 to 130 mm Hg, and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.92-0.96) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91-0.95) for 130 to 140 mm Hg. SBP ≥150 mm Hg was associated with increased major adverse cardiovascular event risk in both groups, whereas SBP <110 mm Hg was associated with reduced risk only in participants without CVD (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.86-0.97]) and not among those with CVD (HR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.98-1.06]).

CONCLUSIONS: Restricted cubic spline analyses demonstrated a J-shaped association between achieved SBP and major adverse cardiovascular event irrespective of CVD history. Maintaining SBP within 110 to 140 mm Hg was similarly associated with lower cardiovascular risk in patients with and without CVD. Risk appeared lowest when SBP was between 120 and 130 mm Hg, while an SBP target <110 mm Hg may offer additional benefit among patients without CVD.

PMID:41732877 | DOI:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.125.012643

Cardiol Young. 2026 Feb 24:1-6. doi: 10.1017/S1047951126111299. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical efficacy and prognosis of Ozaki procedure and Ross procedure in the treatment of paediatric aortic valve disease.

METHODS: According to the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, relevant clinical studies were comprehensively searched in three databases, and relevant data were extracted for analysis and comparison.

RESULTS: This meta-analysis included four retrospective cohort studies with a total of 243 patients (117 undergoing Ozaki procedure and 126 undergoing Ross procedure). There were no significant difference in the in-hospital all-cause mortality [odds ratio = 1.38; 95% confidence interval: 0.38, 5.07, p = 0.63] and all-cause mortality during the follow-up period [odds ratio = 1.85; 95% confidence interval: 0.54, 6.32, p = 0.32] between Ozaki procedure and Ross procedure. The reoperation on the aortic valve [odds ratio = 10.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.22, 49.40, p = 0.003] was higher in the Ozaki procedure than in the Ross procedure. There were no patients who underwent pulmonary valve reoperation after Ozaki procedure [odds ratio = 0.21; 95% confidence interval: 0.03, 1.23, p = 0.08]. The cumulative reoperation rate after Ozaki procedure [odds ratio = 2.29; 95% confidence interval: 0.93, 5.66, p = 0.07] was higher than that of Ross procedure, but the difference was not statistically significant. The cardiopulmonary bypass time after Ozaki procedure [odds ratio = -32.09; 95% confidence interval:-45.05, -19.14, p < 0.00001] was shorter than that of Ross procedure. The incidence of postoperative complications [odds ratio = 0.24; 95% confidence interval: 0.04, 1.62, p = 0.14], aortic cross-clamping time [odds ratio = -20.39; 95% confidence interval: -43.68, 2.90, p = 0.09], ventilator assistance time [odds ratio = 1.71; 95% confidence interval: -42.70, 46.13, p = 0.94], and ICU time [odds ratio = -0.38; 95% confidence interval: -0.93, 0.16, p = 0.17] in Ozaki procedure was not statistically significant compared to Ross procedure.

CONCLUSIONS: In the treatment of children with aortic valve disease, there is no statistically significant difference between the Ozaki procedure and the Ross procedure in terms of freedom from reoperation and all-cause mortality.

PMID:41732876 | DOI:10.1017/S1047951126111299

Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2026 Feb 24:13591045261417801. doi: 10.1177/13591045261417801. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PurposeGiven adolescents’ extensive social media use and its mixed impacts, this study explores: (1) adolescent and young adult (AYA) social media habits, (2) familial factors associated with parental controls, and (3) social media use among AYA with disordered eating.MethodsAYA aged 11-20 visiting an urban academic medical center and fluent in English or Spanish were surveyed on social media use and mental health. Caregivers of minors provided consent and data on demographics and parental controls. The survey included multiple choice, yes/no, and free-text questions. Analyses included descriptive statistics, correlations, and qualitative coding.ResultsParticipants averaged 15.3 years; 46% spent 4+ hours on social media daily. Younger adolescents (11-14) were more likely to report high use (p = 0.002) and have parental controls (p = 0.006). Most AYA (76%) felt better after using social media. Over half of parents (54.4%) used controls. Qualitative themes included: social media’s unrecognized benefits, its dual role in time use, and its value for health information.ConclusionAYA generally viewed social media positively, though many wished to reduce usage. Parental controls focused more on content than time. Social media supported some with eating disorders, though 30% encountered harmful content.

PMID:41732862 | DOI:10.1177/13591045261417801

Cardiol Young. 2026 Feb 24:1-7. doi: 10.1017/S1047951126111305. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Early post-operative arrhythmia is a frequent complication after paediatric cardiac surgery. Although usually transient, it contributes to considerable morbidity and may increase mortality. This study aimed to determine the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of early post-operative arrhythmia following paediatric open-heart surgery.

METHODOLOGY: A single-centre retrospective cohort study was conducted on paediatric patients who underwent open-heart surgery for congenital or acquired heart diseases between January 2022 and December 2024. Pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative parameters were analysed to identify independent predictors using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS: Of 2,096 patients analysed, 220 (10.5%) developed early post-operative arrhythmias, mainly tachyarrhythmias. The most common were complete heart block (3.2%), accelerated junctional rhythm (2.8%), and junctional ectopic tachycardia (1.9%). Tetralogy of Fallot repair had the highest incidence (20.2%). Independent predictors included prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.002-1.009, p = 0.002), extended aortic cross-clamp time (OR 1.006, 95% CI 1.001-1.011, p = 0.011), and prolonged inotropic support (OR 1.035, 95% CI 1.009-1.063, p = 0.009). Serum magnesium ≥ 1.0 mmol/L was identified as a protective factor. Arrhythmia was associated with longer mechanical ventilation (median 4 vs. 2 days), ICU stay (8 vs. 4 days), and hospitalisation (20 vs. 12 days; all p < 0.001). Mortality was higher but not statistically significant (5.9% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.087).

CONCLUSION: Post-operative arrhythmia occurred in 10.5% of paediatric cardiac surgeries, most frequently after Tetralogy of Fallot repair. Prolonged bypass, aortic cross-clamp times, hypomagnesemia, and high inotropic support were independent risk factors associated with increased morbidity.

PMID:41732850 | DOI:10.1017/S1047951126111305

J Orthop. 2026 Feb 11;75:136-142. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2026.02.045. eCollection 2026 May.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Comparison of the clinical efficacy of full-endoscopic large-channel interbody decompression and fusion combined with unilateral versus bilateral pedicle-screw fixation in the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disease.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 56 patients with single-level lumbar degenerative disease who underwent full-endoscopic large-channel interbody decompression, fusion, and internal fixation surgery at our hospital. Among them, 26 patients underwent unilateral pedicle screw fixation (UPSF), and 30 patients underwent bilateral pedicle screw fixation (BPSF).The comparison included the following parameters: surgical time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, hospitalization costs, length of hospital stay, changes in hemoglobin levels before and after surgery, and complication rates. Preoperative and postoperative pain were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 3 days, 3 months, and 1 year. Functional disability was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at preoperative, 3-month, and 1-year follow-ups. One year post-surgery, interbody fusion was evaluated by CT, and clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified MacNab criteria.

RESULTS: The surgical time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, hospitalization costs, and length of hospital stay were significantly higher in the BPSF group compared to the UPSF group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the changes in hemoglobin levels between the two groups postoperatively (P > 0.05). The VAS scores at 3 days, 3 months, and 1 year, as well as the ODI scores at 3 months and 1 year, were significantly lower than preoperative values in both groups (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the VAS and ODI scores at the same time points between the two groups (P > 0.05). The complication rates, fusion rates at 1 year, and the excellent rate according to the modified MacNab criteria were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative disease using a large-channel full-endoscopic intervertebral decompression and fusion combined with UPSF is safe and effective. Compared with BPSF group, UPSF group has advantages in terms of fewer fluoroscopy times, shorter surgical duration, lower hospitalization costs, and shorter hospital stays.

PMID:41732788 | PMC:PMC12924900 | DOI:10.1016/j.jor.2026.02.045

J Orthop. 2026 Feb 4;75:163-167. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2026.02.021. eCollection 2026 May.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: While two-stage revision is considered the gold standard, single-stage revision continues to gain popularity for the treatment of chronic periprosthetic joint infections. In this single-provider, single-protocol study, the outcomes between the two approaches were compared.

METHODS: This was a retrospective study that included 63 consecutive adult patients who underwent single-stage or two-stage total hip revision arthroplasty for chronic periprosthetic joint infection between 2009 and 2020. Only the two-stage approach was performed between 2009 and 2014, while only single stage was performed between 2015 and 2020. Infections were classified using the Delphi-based consensus criteria. Three major outcomes were compared between the revision approaches: the rates of postoperative complications, reinfections, and reoperations.

RESULTS: There were 43 (68.3%) single-stage and 20 (31.8%) two-stage revisions. The mean age was 59.5 ± 13 years with 35 (55.6%) women. The mean body mass index was 35.8 ± 9.1 kg/m². At the mean follow-up rate of 6.9 years (range, 2.1-10.8 years), the rate of no recurrence of infection was 81.4% in the single-stage cohort compared to 80.0% in the two-stage cohort (p = 1.000). Reoperation rate for single-stage revision due to a non-infectious reason was higher than two-stage (20.9% versus 15.0%; p = 0.7367). No statistically significant differences were noted for other postoperative complications.

CONCLUSION: Single-stage revision is as effective as two-stage revision for the treatment of chronic periprosthetic hip joint infections in patients with limited exclusion criteria.

PMID:41732787 | PMC:PMC12925240 | DOI:10.1016/j.jor.2026.02.021

Indian J Psychol Med. 2026 Feb 21:02537176261421806. doi: 10.1177/02537176261421806. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We aimed to study the prevalence of behavioral problems among school-going children, the factors affecting them, and to establish normative scores for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) parent form.

METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among schoolchildren aged 6-11 years from two primary schools in South India. Parents of children included in the study were asked to fill out the Kannada/English version of the SDQ Parent Form.

RESULTS: The SDQ parent report forms were filled by parents of 671 children, of which 49.8% (n = 334) were boys with a M: F ratio of 1:1.01. There was an equal distribution across different age groups. The comparison of scores between boys and girls showed no statistically significant difference in all scales except for the hyperactivity subscale, where the boys had a higher score with a median (IQR) of 4 (2,5) compared to the girls’ score of 3 (1,4) (p = .001). Regarding age, although the total difficulties score, conduct problems score, hyperactivity score, and internalizing score were higher in the 9-11-year-old group than in the 6-8-year-old group, the p value was not significant. Children of fathers with higher educational status scored better in the peer problems and prosocial scores. The newer cut-off scores have been generated and are divided into four bands, similar to the 4-band categorization on the SDQ scoring site.

CONCLUSIONS: Boys had higher scores on the hyperactivity subscale than girls. Normative data for Indian children aged 6-11 years have been generated and are similar to UK data.

PMID:41732772 | PMC:PMC12924766 | DOI:10.1177/02537176261421806