Tag: nevin manimala

Brief Bioinform. 2025 May 1;26(3):bbaf266. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbaf266.

ABSTRACT

Depicting a global landscape of essential gene-targeting drugs would provide more opportunities for cancer therapy. However, a systematic investigation on drugs targeting essential genes still has not been reported. We suppose that drugs targeting cancer-type-specific essential genes would generally have less toxicity than those targeting pan-cancer essential genes. A scoring function-based strategy was developed to identify cancer-type-specific targets and drugs. The EssentialitySpecificityScore ranked the essential genes in 19 cancer types, and 1151 top genes were identified as cancer-type-specific targets. Combining target-drug interaction databases with research/marketing status, 370 cancer-type-specific drugs were identified, bound to 100 out of all identified targets. Profiles of applied cancer types of identified targets and drugs illustrate the scoring strategy’s effectiveness: most drugs apply to cancer types <10. Seven drugs with no previous anticancer evidence were validated in 11 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, and lower inhibition rates (from 9.4% to 44.0%) were observed in 10 normal cell lines. This difference is statistically significant (Student’s t-test, P ≤ .0001), confirming the rationality of our supposition. Our built EGKG (Essential Gene Knowledge Graph) forms a computational basis to uncover essential gene targets and drugs for specific cancer types. It is available at http://gepa.org.cn/egkg/. Also, our experimental result suggests that combining drugs with orthogonal essentiality may be an alternative way to improve anticancer effects while maintaining biocompatibility. The code and data are available at https://github.com/KKINGA1/EGKG_data_process.

PMID:40483547 | DOI:10.1093/bib/bbaf266

Diabet Med. 2025 Jun 7:e70082. doi: 10.1111/dme.70082. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To conduct a multi-study, cross-country examination of diabetes stigma among adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D, T2D).

METHODS: Pre-existing, cross-sectional studies of adults (aged ≥18) completing the T1D or T2D Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scales (DSAS-1/DSAS-2) were collated. Descriptive statistics were calculated for (sub)scale and item scores. Variance-components linear random-effect multi-level modelling (nested random intercepts for country and study) estimated overall mean (sub)scale scores, 95% confidence intervals, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and 95% prediction intervals. Likelihood ratio (LR) tests provided inference for country- and study-specific heterogeneity.

RESULTS: Eleven studies were included from six countries (Australia k = 2, Canada k = 1, Japan k = 2, New Zealand k = 1, UAE k = 1, USA k = 4) in four languages (Arabic k = 1, English k = 7, Japanese k = 2, Spanish k = 1). Six studies included n = 3114 adults with T1D (insulin pump: 42%; 75% aged <60 years). Ten studies included n = 6586 adults with T2D (insulin-treated: 37%; 44% aged <60 years). Most reported ≥1 experience of diabetes stigma (T1D = 91%; study range: 84%-96%; T2D = 77%; 69%-89%). In 10 studies, the ‘blame and judgment’ subscale was most endorsed (T1D = 83%; 62%-89%, T2D = 70%; 53%-79%). Most adults with T1D reported ‘identity concerns’ (73%; 62%-80%), and 47% of adults with T2D reported ‘self-stigma’ (30-60%). Being ‘treated differently’ was least common (T1D = 46%; 40%-54%, T2D = 37%; 28%-47%). Low levels of heterogeneity were observed in mean [SE] total scores (DSAS-1: 54 [0.94] ICC = 0.02, p < 0.001; DSAS-2: 44 [1.1], ICC ≤0.4, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest a high and relatively consistent prevalence of diabetes stigma across studies and within and across countries, supporting calls for local and global action.

PMID:40483539 | DOI:10.1111/dme.70082

BMC Public Health. 2025 Jun 7;25(1):2135. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23266-2.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40483506 | DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-23266-2

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jun 7;17(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01186-3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Life Kinetik (LK) exercises on balance, agility, jumping performance, proprioception, and cognitive functions in recreationally active preadolescents participating in fencing.

METHODS: The study lasted 8 weeks and included 22 preadolescents recreationally engaged in fencing, aged 11.6 ± 1.2 years, with an average weight of 49.5 ± 10.5 kg and an average height of 157.5 ± 10.0 cm. Preadolescents were randomly assigned to either the LK group or the control group. The experimental group participated in LK exercises twice per week, with each session lasting one hour.

RESULTS: The results indicate that the changes in Stroop, agility, vertical jump, and proprioception test performance between the pre-test and post-test for the control group are not statistically significant. However, the LK group showed statistically significant improvements in Stroop, agility, and vertical jump performance between the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001). Conversely, the change in proprioception test performance between the pre-test and post-test for the LK training group was not statistically significant. The changes in star balance test performance between the pre-test and post-test for the control group was not statistically significant. In contrast, the LK group showed a statistically significant improvement in star balance test performance between the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that while LK exercises are effective in boosting overall athletic performance, they may not be sufficient for developing specific skills such as proprioception.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: The randomized controlled trial was registered on 04/01/2025 at ClinicalTrials.gov, under the registration number NCT06781268.

PMID:40483500 | DOI:10.1186/s13102-025-01186-3

Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Jun 7;16(1):294. doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04419-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are pivotal bioengineering tools, offering significant promise for applications in bone regeneration. However, their therapeutic potential is limited by inter-donor variability and experimental issues. This study aimed to identify robust metabolic markers of osteodifferentiation applicable across multiple donors, while providing insight into the metabolic pathways actively involved in the process.

METHODS: Untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics was applied to characterize the intra- and extracellular metabolic adaptations of human adipose-derived MSC (hAMSC) undergoing osteogenic differentiation, compared to proliferation alone. Multivariate and univariate statistical analysis was carried out on data from three independent donors, and cross-validation was employed to evaluate the predictive capacity of the proposed markers.

RESULTS: Variations in the levels of selected (nine) intracellular and (seventeen) extracellular metabolites detect osteodifferentiation by day 7 (out of 21), with nearly 100% accuracy. These signatures suggest a metabolic shift from glycolysis/OxPhos to lactic fermentation, fatty acid β-oxidation and phosphocreatine hydrolysis. Intracellular glucose, lactate, citrate and specific amino acids are redirected towards protein synthesis and glycosylation, with some of the secreted metabolites (e.g., citrate) seemingly involved in biomineralization and other extracellular roles. Membrane metabolism, antioxidant mechanisms and adenosine metabolism are also impacted by osteodifferentiation.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings reveal effective donor-independent markers of hAMSC osteodifferentiation, with a robust extracellular signature standing out for potential rapid and non-invasive detection of osteocommitted cells.

PMID:40483499 | DOI:10.1186/s13287-025-04419-x

Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod. 2025 Jun 7;18(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s13068-025-02662-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) is an economically important platform chemical that can be produced by the fermentation of sugars using an engineered strain of Zymomonas mobilis. These fermentations require continuous monitoring and modification of fermentation conditions to maximize 2,3-BDO yields and minimize the production of the undesired coproducts glycerol and acetoin. Because of the time required for sampling and off-line chromatographic measurement of fermentation samples, the ability of fermentation scientists to modify fermentation conditions in a timely manner is limited. The goal of this study was to test if near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) along with multivariate statistics could reduce the time needed for this analysis and enable real-time monitoring and control of the fermentation.

RESULTS: In this work we developed partial least squares (PLS) calibration models to predict the concentrations of glucose, xylose, 2,3-BDO, acetoin, and glycerol in fermentations via NIRS using two different spectrometers and two different spectroscopy modalities. We first evaluated the feasibility of rapid NIRS monitoring through experiments where we measured the signals from each analyte of interest and built NIRS-based PLS models using spectra from synthetic samples containing uncorrelated concentrations of these analytes. All analytes showed unique spectral signatures, and this initial modeling showed that all analytes could be detected simultaneously. We then began work with samples from laboratory fermentation experiments and tested the feasibility of regression model development across two spectral collection modalities (at-line and on-line) and two instruments: a laboratory-grade instrument and a low-cost instrument with a more limited spectral range. All modalities showed promise in the ability to monitor Z. mobilis fermentations of glucose and xylose to 2,3-BDO. The low-cost instrument displayed a lower signal-to-noise ratio than the laboratory-grade instrument, which led to comparatively lower performance overall, but still provided sufficient accuracy to monitor fermentation trends. While the ease of use of on-line monitoring systems was favored as compared to at-line systems due to the lack of sampling required and potential for automated process control, we observed some decrease in performance due to the additional complexity of the sample matrix.

CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that NIRS combined with multivariate analysis can be used for at-line and on-line monitoring of the concentrations of glucose, xylose, 2,3-BDO, acetoin, and glycerol during Z. mobilis fermentations. The decrease in signal-to-noise ratio when using a low-cost spectrometer led to greater prediction error than the laboratory-grade spectrometer for at-line monitoring. The on-line monitoring modality showed great promise for real time process control via NIRS.

PMID:40483497 | DOI:10.1186/s13068-025-02662-1

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Jun 7;25(1):664. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07792-w.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Health literacy during pregnancy is essential for maintaining and improving a healthy life. This study aims to examine the effect of health literacy on pregnancy-related anxiety and risk perception during pregnancy.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. 204 pregnant women (24-37 weeks of gestation) were included in the study. The study data were collected using the descriptive information form, Maternal Health Literacy in Pregnancy Scale, Risk Perception in Pregnancy Scale, and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) software and SPSS Amos.

RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 28.2; the average age at marriage was 22.76; and the average gestational week was 25.93. 38.7% of the participants were high school graduates. According to the study results, there were significant positive relationships between health literacy and pregnancy anxiety during pregnancy (r =.340, p <.01) and negative relationships between risk perception (r = -.212, p <.05). These findings indicate that while increased health literacy is associated with lower risk perception, it may paradoxically be linked to higher pregnancy-related anxiety.

CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that health literacy can reduce risk perception while increasing pregnancy anxiety. This situation suggests that increasing knowledge should be considered together with anxiety management.

PMID:40483496 | DOI:10.1186/s12884-025-07792-w

Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025 Jun 7;24(1):242. doi: 10.1186/s12933-025-02795-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexists with diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to a worse prognosis if both are present. Steatotic liver disease (SLD) may also predispose to DM, but its impact among AF patients is unclear. We aimed to determine whether metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD), or alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) elevates DM risk in AF.

METHODS: Non-diabetic individuals who developed AF between 2010 and 2018 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database were included. Patients with a fatty liver index (FLI) < 30 were classified as non-SLD, whereas those with FLI ≥ 30 and at least one cardiometabolic risk factors were categorized as MASLD, MetALD, or ALD based on daily alcohol intake. Incident DM hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated with Cox regression models.

RESULTS: Among 195,195 patients (mean age 64.4 ± 13.0 years, 57.5% male); 108,918 (55.8%) in non-SLD, 71,795 (36.8%) in MASLD, 7644 (3.9%) in MetALD, and 6838 (3.5%) in ALD, respectively. Over a mean follow-up of 6.0 ± 2.9 years, 25,632 (13.0%) developed DM. Compared with non-SLD, the adjusted HRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident DM were 1.930 (1.879-1.983), 1.789 (1.682-1.904), and 1.932 (1.817-2.054) for MASLD, MetALD, and ALD, respectively. In the age 20-39 years group, adjusted HRs with 95% CIs were 5.844 (4.501-7.587), 5.354 (3.681-7.787), and 7.033 (4.660-10.615), respectively.

CONCLUSION: SLD confers an increased risk of new-onset DM in AF patients, especially in younger adults. Implementing management strategies to prevent DM in AF patients with SLD might mitigate the risk of DM and its potential impact on AF-related outcomes.

PMID:40483494 | DOI:10.1186/s12933-025-02795-5

BMC Complement Med Ther. 2025 Jun 7;25(1):207. doi: 10.1186/s12906-025-04914-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Understanding liver diseases is important worldwide due to their prevalence. Apart from liver disease arising from hepatitis C viral infection, most chronic liver diseases currently have no cure. Several therapeutic alternatives, including some natural products, have been proposed to treat liver diseases. The natural product Jatropha dioica has been reported to possess antioxidant activity and, by extension, could have hepatoprotective activity. Accordingly, our aim was to test the hypothesis that an extract of J. dioica is protective against liver damage induced by valproic acid (VPA).

METHODS: Twelve male and twelve female Wistar rats were sorted into four groups: control, non-toxicity, valproic acid control (VPA-C), and J. dioica + VPA (JdVPA). J. dioica (300 mg/kg, given orally) was used as treatment, followed by a concomitant injection of VPA (500 mg/kg, i.p.) for the first 4 days to induce liver injury. To evaluate the severity of the injury, liver function tests were performed. In addition, oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified, as well as measures of the expression of the genes Actb, Il6, and Nfkb1.

RESULTS: The VPA-C group showed a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malondialdehyde (MDA), a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and a reduction in glutathione (GSH) vs the control group. The JdVPA group showed a significant decrease in ALT, AST, and MDA and an increase in GSH and SOD vs the VPA-C group. Gene expression of Il6 and Nfkb1 did not show any statistically significant differences between study groups. Histologically, VPA presented an inflammatory infiltrate, which decreased in the JdVPA group.

CONCLUSION: The extract of J. dioica at the administered dose did not display toxicity and was capable of ameliorating the liver injury generated by VPA in biochemical and oxidative stress biomarkers, which suggests its potential hepatoprotective activity.

PMID:40483492 | DOI:10.1186/s12906-025-04914-x

Radiat Oncol. 2025 Jun 7;20(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s13014-025-02670-3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The integration of magnetic resonance imaging with linear accelerators (Linacs) enhances adaptive radiotherapy by providing real-time imaging for improved treatment precision. However, the long-term performance of MR-Linac systems, particularly in clinical settings, remains insufficiently studied. Traditional quality assurance (QA) methods, relying on binary pass/fail criteria, may overlook critical system variations. This study applies statistical process control (SPC) techniques to evaluate the long-term performance of a 1.5T MR-Linac, focusing on optimization in beam quality, MR-to-MV alignment, MR imaging, and geometric distortion.

METHODS: A dual-phase SPC framework was applied to 1 year of daily and weekly QA data from an Elekta Unity MR-Linac. Phase I established performance benchmarks, while Phase II monitored deviations online. Evaluated parameters included beam output, symmetry, MR-to-MV alignment, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), spatial linearity, slice profile, and geometric distortion across spherical volumes (DSVs). Stability and variability were quantified using control charts and process performance indices (Ppk).

RESULTS: Beam quality was stable overall (Ppk ≥ 1.33), though output dose and transverse symmetry showed increased variability in Phase II, with dose Ppk declining from 3.13 to 1.33. MR-to-MV alignment was consistent, but Phi rotational and Z translational offsets showed variability after system upgrades. Imaging metrics, including SNR and spatial linearity, achieved A + performance (Ppk ≥ 1.67) in Phase II, while vertical spatial resolution was lower (Ppk 1.04-1.10). Geometric distortion was well-controlled, though larger DSVs (≥ 500 mm) showed increased AP-axis distortion (2.44 mm) compared to RL (1.37 mm) and FH (0.93 mm).

CONCLUSIONS: SPC techniques dynamically identified stable parameters and areas for improvement. Key recommendations include enhanced alignment protocols for beam quality and MR-to-MV offsets, as well as targeted strategies to address geometric distortion in larger volumes and along the AP axis.

PMID:40483491 | DOI:10.1186/s13014-025-02670-3