Tag: nevin manimala

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):925. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06318-2.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Marfan syndrome is a rare connective tissue disorder. This study was initiated to investigate the impact of Marfan syndrome on oral health.

METHODS: The person-reported perceived OHRQoL was determined using the German short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G5). In addition, all study participants took part in a clinical examination in which the objective oral health was measured using the Physical Oral Health Index (PhOX).

RESULTS: A total of 29 patients took part in the study. Of these, 20 were female and nine male and the median age was 54 years (interquartile range (IQR): 15). The median OHIP-G5 score was three (IQR: 5) (range: 0-15). The median PhOX score was 79 (IQR: 14.5). A statistically significant correlation between the OHIP-G5 and the PhOX could not be determined (r=-0.34, p = 0.074).

CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that OHRQoL in particular was reduced. The measured oral health was slightly reduced compared to the general population. Nevertheless, Marfan patients should pay great attention to oral hygiene which should be checked by dental professionals at regular intervals.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

PMID:40474214 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06318-2

BMC Endocr Disord. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12902-025-01960-x.

ABSTRACT

The role of genetic susceptibility in early warning and precise treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) requires further investigation. A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the predictive effect of GSK3B genetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility to DKD, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and laboratory rationale for the prediction of the risk of developing DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The GSK3B genotyping was performed by SNaPshot method based on Genotype-Tissue Expression database and thousand genomes database to screen tag SNPs. The polymorphisms of GSK3B tag SNPs were statistically analyzed for their effects on DKD susceptibility and clinical indicators. Urinary exosomes from DKD patients were extracted, protein expression levels of GSK3β were detected by ELISA kits, and kinase activity of GSK3β was quantified by kinase activity spectrometry to evaluate the correlation between the gene polymorphisms of GSK3B and the expression levels and activities of GSK3β. A machine learning model was constructed for assessing the efficacy of GSK3B polymorphisms in predicting the risk of developing DKD in patients with T2DM. A total of 800 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the case-control study, including 200 healthy control subjects, 300 patients with T2DM and 300 patients with DKD. Genetic analysis identified five tag SNPs (rs60393216, rs3732361, rs2199503, rs1488766, and rs59669360) associated with the susceptibility to DKD. The protein level and activity of GSK3β were significantly elevated in DKD patients. On the other hand, the expression levels and kinase activity of GSK3β in exosomes differed significantly between patients with different genotypes of the GSK3B, suggesting that the effect of GSK3B gene polymorphisms on GSK3β expression and activity may be an important mechanism leading to individual differences in susceptibility to DKD. XG Boost algorithm model identified rs60393216 and rs1488766 as important biomarkers for clinical early warning of DKD.

PMID:40474205 | DOI:10.1186/s12902-025-01960-x

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):922. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06294-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have transformed the healthcare field, particularly through chatbots like ChatGPT, OpenEvidence, and MediSearch. These tools analyze complex data to aid clinical decision-making, enhancing efficiency in diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient management. When applied in the “All-on-Four” dental implant concept, AI facilitates immediate prosthetic restorations and meets the demand for expert guidance. This integration boosts the long-term success of surgical outcomes by providing real-time support and improving patient education and postoperative satisfaction. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three AI-powered chatbots-ChatGPT 4.0, OpenEvidence, and MediSearch-in answering frequently asked questions regarding the All-on-Four dental implant concept.

METHOD: This study investigated the response accuracy of three AI-powered chatbots to common queries about the All-on-Four dental implant concept. Using alsoasked.com, twenty pertinent questions-ten patient-focused and ten technical-were identified. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons evaluated the chatbot responses using a 5-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, supplemented by pairwise Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction, to assess the significance of differences among the chatbots’ performances.

RESULTS: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistically significant differences between the three chatbots for both patient and technical questions (p < 0.01). Pairwise comparisons were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. While significant differences were found among each chatbot for patient questions, no significant difference was observed between ChatGPT and MediSearch for technical questions (p = 0.158). When comparing responses of the same chatbot to patient and technical questions, it was found that MediSearch performed better in technical questions (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Advancements in technology have made AI-powered chatbots an inevitable influence in specialized medical fields such as Oral, Maxillofacial Surgery. Our findings indicate that these chatbots can provide valuable information for patients undergoing medical procedures and serve as a resource for healthcare professionals.

PMID:40474203 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06294-7

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):918. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06134-8.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) is a hybrid dental ceramic that mimics the properties of tooth structures. Unfortunately, commercially available PICN still present limitations such as low strength. Thus, the current study was conducted to prepare polymer infiltrated lithium disilicate ceramic network (PILN) and compare it with commercially available PICN regarding microstructure and biaxial flexural strength.

METHODOLOGY: A fine powder of lithium disilicate was produced by grounding ^IPSe.max CAD/CAM blocks. A porous lithium disilicate ceramic networks containing 25% (PILN-25) and 20% (PILN-20) porosity were produced by firing at 820^OC and 830^OC respectively. Polymer was infiltrated and polymerized to form a dense PILN. A total of 69 specimens were prepared and assigned into three groups (n = 23) according to the type of ceramic used in fabrication of the ceramic network. The comparable group was Enamic, while the intervention groups were (PILN-25) and (PILN-20). For two intervention groups, porosity and density were measured before and after polymer infiltration using helium pycnometer (n = 3 at each stage). SEM was used for microstructure analysis (n = 9) and One specimen was examined under FESEM for better visualization of the crystalline phases. Additionally, three specimens (n = 3) from each group were assigned for XRD testing and, finally, ten specimens for each group (n = 10) were subjected to biaxial flexural strength test. The statistical significance level was set at p ≤ 0.005.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in biaxial flexural strength, PILN-20 recording the highest significant strength followed by PILN-25 and Enamic. PILN-25 showed higher porosity% than PILN-20 and the porosity decreased after polymer infiltration. PILN-20 showed higher density than PILN-25 and density increased after polymer infiltration. XRD revealed the presence of lithium disilicate crystals in both PILN-25 and PILN-20. SEM revealed highly interlocked ceramic and polymeric networks. FESEM revealed the presence of spherical lithium disilicate crystals.

CONCLUSION: PILN is a new type of hybrid ceramic material with enhanced mechanical properties.

CLINICAL IMPLICATION: PILN can be used as a promising CAD/CAM block for creating high strength high esthetics dental restorations.

PMID:40474199 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06134-8

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025 Jun 5;26(1):557. doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-08820-8.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively analyze and evaluate risk factors for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients aged ≥ 60 years following total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to provide evidence-based recommendations for DVT prevention.

METHODS: A total of 462 patients who underwent THA at the our hospital from January 2019 to December 2023 were included in the study. Based on the occurrence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis during follow-up, patients were divided into a DVT group (n = 65) and a non-DVT group (n = 397). The following variables were retrospectively analyzed for both groups: gender, age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, medical history, operative time, anesthesia method, and preoperative and postoperative laboratory indicators (including triglycerides, TC, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, red cell distribution width, albumin, platelet count, D-dimer, INR, and FDP). Univariate analysis was conducted for these factors, with statistically significant variables subsequently included in a binary logistic regression model to examine their association with post-THA lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. ROC curve analysis was employed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of individual risk factors for DVT diagnosis, followed by development of a multivariate combined ROC curve model to assess its diagnostic value for DVT.

RESULTS: Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative hematocrit (P = 0.015, OR = 1.082), preoperative triglyceride levels (P = 0.030, OR = 1.275), preoperative platelet count (P = 0.008, OR = 1.005), preoperative D-dimer level (P < 0.001, OR = 3.407), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.004, OR = 2.735), smoking history (P = 0.003, OR = 2.733), and hypertension (P = 0.002, OR = 2.795) showed significant positive associations with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis following THA. These factors were identified as independent risk factors for post-THA DVT development.

CONCLUSION: Preoperative hematocrit, triglycerides (TG), platelet count, D-dimer levels, smoking status, along with pre-existing hypertension and diabetes mellitus were all identified as significant risk factors for developing deep vein thrombosis following total hip arthroplasty. Surgeons should conduct comprehensive preoperative assessments of these risk factors and implement individualized prevention and treatment protocols to minimize the occurrence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.

PMID:40474198 | DOI:10.1186/s12891-025-08820-8

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):915. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06312-8.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Bone mineral density (BMD) is a critical indicator of skeletal health, and its assessment is particularly important in children born premature or with low birth weight (LBW), as these conditions are associated with altered bone development. The aim of this study was to compare the BMD values of premature and LBW children with those of normal term and normal birth weight children via fractal dimension (FD) analysis of panoramic radiographs.

METHODS: This study included a total of 60 panoramic radiography images of children aged 6-15 years. The study group consisted of children born premature (before 37 weeks) and with low birth weight (less than 2500 g). The control group consisted of children born at normal term with normal birth weights. In addition, body mass index (BMI), maternal age at birth, and frequency and duration of incubation were recorded. FD values were measured in three mandibular regions on panoramic images. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare FD values between groups. The correlations between parameters were evaluated using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS: Comparison of the FD values revealed no significant differences between the study and control groups for ROI1 and ROI2 (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant difference was detected in ROI3 (p < 0.05), with the study group exhibiting lower mean FD values (1.15 ± 0.14) than the control group (1.22 ± 0.08). There was no statistically significant difference in BMI values between the groups (p > 0.05). The frequency of incubation was significantly higher in the study group (50%) than in the control group (6.7%) (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Fractal dimension values of the trabecular structure in the dentate region of the mandible were decreased in premature birth and LBW children. Further controlled trials with larger sample sizes are required to validate and expand upon these findings.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

PMID:40474197 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06312-8

Lipids Health Dis. 2025 Jun 5;24(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s12944-025-02616-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Low- and non-fat dairy foods have long been recommended over full-fat dairy foods due to the negative effect of saturated fatty acids on blood lipids. Recent research, however, suggests saturated fatty acids from dairy foods may not impart these negative health effects. Our objective was to evaluate changes in blood lipids following a diet with full-fat (3.25%) yogurt compared with a diet with non-fat yogurt.

METHODS: A randomized, double-masked crossover controlled-feeding trial was performed. Participants with prediabetes (n = 13, 7 female and 6 male participants) consumed three daily servings of full-fat or non-fat yogurt for the three weeks of each experimental diet. A one-week run-in diet preceded each experimental diet period. After each experimental diet period and the first run-in diet period, fasting blood and blood drawn at four post-prandial time points during a mixed meal tolerance test were analyzed for lipoprotein concentrations and contents (i.e., the lipid fractions within the lipoproteins). Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models, with values from the first run-in diet as the covariate.

RESULTS: Fasting blood triacylglycerol concentrations were 10% lower in response to the full-fat yogurt diet, compared with the non-fat yogurt diet (P < 0.01). While no diet-induced differences were observed in lipoprotein subclass concentrations, the triacylglycerol contents of smaller very low-density, intermediate-density, and low-density lipoproteins were lower in response to the full-fat yogurt diet (P ≤ 0.01). Trends indicated potentially greater high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and high-density lipoprotein size following the full-fat yogurt diet (P ≤ 0.05). The ratio of triacylglycerols: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations was 17% lower following the full-fat yogurt diet (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory analysis demonstrates that short-term full-fat yogurt consumption elicits beneficial effects on the blood lipid profile in individuals with prediabetes and highlights the need for further evaluation of the contribution of dairy fat in yogurt and other dairy food matrices in lipid homeostasis and metabolic health.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03577119).

PMID:40474187 | DOI:10.1186/s12944-025-02616-4

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):926. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06224-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Dermatoglyphics, the study of fingerprint patterns, is derived from the ectoderm, the same embryological layer responsible for craniofacial development. Its potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool has been explored in various medical and dental conditions, including skeletal Class II malocclusion.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between dermatoglyphic patterns and cephalometric angles (SNA and SNB) in Class II skeletal malocclusion to establish a novel diagnostic approach.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 100 participants (aged 18:35 years) diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion were evaluated. The participants were divided into two groups: 50 with increased SNA (> 84°) and 50 with decreased SNB (< 78°). Dermatoglyphic patterns, including Whorls, Loops, Tented Loops, Central Pockets, and Arches, were analyzed for all 10 fingers using the ink-and-stamp method. Cephalometric measurements were conducted using standardized lateral cephalogram. Statistical analyses, including Chi-Square tests and correlation analysis, were performed to identify significant associations.

RESULTS: Whorl patterns were most associated with increased SNA, while Plain Loops correlated significantly with decreased SNB. The middle finger (F3) and Index finger (F7) emerged as the most reliable indicators of skeletal discrepancies. Chi-Square analysis confirmed a statistically significant association between fingerprint patterns and cephalometric measurements (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Dermatoglyphic patterns, particularly Whorls and Loops, demonstrate strong correlations with SNA and SNB angles in skeletal Class II malocclusion. This study establishes dermatoglyphics as a non-invasive, reliable diagnostic tool for early detection and personalized treatment planning in orthodontics.

PMID:40474182 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06224-7

Am J Occup Ther. 2025 Jul 1;79(4):7904205080. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2025.051064.

ABSTRACT

IMPORTANCE: Veterans with occupational performance (e.g., activities of daily living [ADL]) limitations who are receiving inpatient psychiatric care may benefit from outpatient occupational therapy upon discharge, but access disparities have not been investigated.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether ADL limitations, an indicator of need, are associated with outpatient occupational therapy utilization after inpatient psychiatric hospitalization in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and whether this relationship differs by facility characteristics.

DESIGN: Secondary analysis of VHA medical record data. Modified Poisson regression was used to model outpatient occupational therapy utilization (yes or no) as a function of ADL limitations, facility characteristics, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Interactions were used to estimate whether the relationship between ADL limitations and outpatient occupational therapy utilization differs across facility characteristics.

SETTING: VHA outpatient setting.

PARTICIPANTS: Veterans who received VHA inpatient psychiatric care from 2015 to 2020 and lived ≥90 days after discharge (N = 117,679).

INTERVENTION: None.

OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Outpatient occupational therapy utilization ≤90 days of inpatient psychiatric discharge.

RESULTS: Only 13% of Veterans received outpatient occupational therapy services after discharge, and ADL limitations were not associated with receipt of occupational therapy. Veterans receiving care in facilities of lower complexity and those with greater care quality were more likely to receive occupational therapy. Black and Hispanic Veterans were less likely to receive occupational therapy.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Our findings suggest potentially unmet need for outpatient occupational therapy among Veterans discharged from VHA inpatient psychiatric care, laying the foundation for efforts aimed at promoting equitable access. Plain-Language Summary: This is the first study to examine potential disparities in access to outpatient occupational therapy services among Veterans recently discharged from Veterans Health Administration inpatient psychiatric care. The findings suggest a potentially unmet need for these beneficial services in this population. This study lays the foundation for scientific, clinical, and policy efforts aimed at promoting equitable access to outpatient occupational therapy services among Veterans in need, ensuring successful occupational performance and overall well-being among all members of this high-risk population.

PMID:40472377 | DOI:10.5014/ajot.2025.051064

Endocr Relat Cancer. 2025 Jun 1:ERC-25-0045. doi: 10.1530/ERC-25-0045. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The differentiation of benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors is of major clinical relevance. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), hold promise as blood-borne biomarkers of adrenocortical cancer (ACC). There are, however, many difficulties with their use including technical and biological standardization challenges. Our aim was to evaluate the interchangeability of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) for measuring circulating miRNAs and to investigate whether K2- and K3-EDTA as anticoagulant influence the measurements. Blood samples were drawn simultaneously from 20 participants into K2- and K3-EDTA tubes. Three miRNAs shown to be associated with ACC (miR-483-5p, miR-210-3p, miR-21-5p) together with two controls (miR-16-5p, cel-miR-39-3p) were analyzed using RT-qPCR and dPCR. qPCR and dPCR results showed different correlations in K2- and K3-EDTA samples with K2 performing better regarding ΔCt values. Moreover, proportional biases relating to low or high miRNA expression between the two methods were observed. In qPCR measurements, K3-EDTA samples showed larger standard deviations, particularly for cel-miR-39. While raw Ct values differed between K2 and K3 EDTA only for miR-483-5p, ΔCt values showed statistically significant differences across all miRNAs except for miR-483-5p. dPCR results were not affected by the choice of the anticoagulant. In conclusion, this is the first study demonstrating that dPCR and qPCR results are not easily interchangeable for circulating miRNA, particularly for abundant or rare miRNAs, making cross-validation studies challenging. K2 and K3-EDTA could potentially influence qPCR outcomes, underscoring the need for standardized protocols. A consensus-based methodology could improve reproducibility, enhancing miRNA-based biomarker utility in adrenocortical tumor diagnostics.

PMID:40472370 | DOI:10.1530/ERC-25-0045