Tag: nevin manimala

Crit Care Res Pract. 2025 May 27;2025:8884182. doi: 10.1155/ccrp/8884182. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

Hospital-acquired anaemia (HAA) is characterised by initially normal haemoglobin levels upon admission that are lowered during the hospital stay. The decreased haemoglobin levels related to the days of intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalisation may explain the effect of other interventions on haemoglobin levels. This study aimed to investigate the association between decreased haemoglobin levels and days of hospitalisation in critically ill patients in the Qassim region by analysing haemoglobin levels within the first 7, 14, and 21 days after ICU admission. A total of 180 patients were admitted during the study period. Patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, transfusion-dependent anaemia, a history of anaemia or bleeding, those with chronic kidney disease or on dialysis, and those who had hematologic or other malignancies were excluded (n = 97). Finally, those who were at least 18 years old, was within the normal range of haemoglobin upon admission to the ICU and had been hospitalized for at least 21 days in the ICU were included (n = 83). The initial average haemoglobin concentration was higher in men (15.24 g/dL) than in women (13.45 g/dL). Both experienced a significant and relatively parallel decline in haemoglobin levels (8.95 g/dL) and (8.66 g/dL), respectively, throughout the 21 day hospitalization period. The p value (< 0.001) suggests that the fixed effects are statistically significant, indicating that time (days) has a significant effect on haemoglobin levels. This study found a consistent decrease in haemoglobin levels over the ICU hospitalisation period, suggesting a progressive condition or treatment effect leading to reduced haemoglobin levels. However, further studies are required to analyse the causes of HAA in ICU.

PMID:40464039 | PMC:PMC12133354 | DOI:10.1155/ccrp/8884182

J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2025 Mar 31;19(1):29-32. doi: 10.34172/joddd.025.41232. eCollection 2025 Mar.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Apicoectomy is often required to treat a non-healing endodontic lesion. Materials used during this procedure, such as root-end conditioners and retrograde filling materials, can significantly affect the success. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used as a root-end filling material for a long time; however, success has also been reported with some novel materials such as Biodentine. The present study compared the sealing ability of MTA and Biodentine in root-end cavities following apicoectomy after using EDTA and maleic acid as root-end conditioners.

METHODS: The apical one-third of 60 extracted teeth were resected, followed by root-end preparation of 3 mm. The samples were divided into 4 groups of 15 each. The roots in groups 1 and 2 were conditioned with EDTA and maleic acid in groups 3 and 4. Retrograde cavities in groups 1 and 3 were filled with MTA and in groups 2 and 4 with Biodentine. Microleakage was checked using the dye penetration method. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS: Group 1 showed the highest (2.94±0.112), while group 4 had the least dye penetration (2.55±0.213).

CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that Biodentine showed better sealing ability after using maleic acid than MTA and can be used as an alternative to MTA in root-end surgeries.

PMID:40464030 | PMC:PMC12128211 | DOI:10.34172/joddd.025.41232

J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2025 Mar 31;19(1):46-56. doi: 10.34172/joddd.025.41487. eCollection 2025 Mar.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The present study evaluated condylar position changes using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in treating Cl II malocclusion with the twin block and clear functional jaw corrector (CFJC) appliances.

METHODS: In this RCT, we included 60 patients, with 30 in each treatment group (control group: twin block appliance, case group: CFJC appliance), randomly allocated using a lottery system. A twin block appliance or CFJC was fabricated for each patient following the protocol. Pre- and post-treatment records were collected over twelve months at 0-, 6- and 12-month intervals using cephalograms, CBCT, and questionnaires assessing the patient perception of the appliance.

RESULTS: Both groups showed significant improvements in malocclusion. Cephalometric analysis showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in SNB, ANB, and U1-NA. In comparing the two groups, significant differences were found in Arnett’s soft tissue parameters, including upper lip to E line, lower lip to E line, upper lip protrusion, upper lip length, lower lip length, lower 1/3 of the face, maxillary first incisor exposure, and mandibular height in the CFJC group. The intergroup comparison of projections to TVL (true vertical line) also showed significant differences across all parameters in the CFJC group. Furthermore, significant disparities in CBCT parameters were observed between the groups, specifically in condylar position, condylar height, and anterior joint space. Also, significant differences in patient comfort and perception of the appliance were observed, highlighting better compliance with the CFJC appliance.

CONCLUSION: The CFJC appliance is a top choice for Cl II malocclusion due to its superior effectiveness in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue improvements and significant condylar remodeling. Additionally, patients showed better compliance and acceptance of the CFJC appliance compared to traditional options, enhancing its clinical advantage in orthodontic practice.

PMID:40464026 | PMC:PMC12128203 | DOI:10.34172/joddd.025.41487

BJPsych Open. 2025 Jun 4;11(4):e117. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.67.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Studies have reported conflicting findings on the association between maternal pre- and perinatal depression and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring.

AIMS: To examine and consolidate the existing evidence on the association between maternal pre- and perinatal depression and the risk of ASD in children and adolescents.

METHOD: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL and PsycINFO from the database inception to 21 February 2024. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effect models, and summary effect estimates were presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran’s Q and the I²-statistic test. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted to identify the source of potential heterogeneity within the included studies. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were employed to evaluate publication bias.

RESULTS: Twelve studies involving over 1.6 million mother-offspring pairs were included in the final analysis. A random-effects meta-analysis of these studies revealed a 52% increased risk (odds ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.13-1.90) of ASD in the offspring of mothers experiencing pre-pregnancy depression, a 48% increased risk (odds ratio 1.48, 95% CI 1.32-1.64) in those experiencing antenatal depression and a 70% increased risk (odds ratio 1.70, 95% CI 1.41-1.99) in those with postnatal depression.

CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that offspring born to mothers with depression before, during and after birth have a higher risk of developing ASD. Our findings underscore the need for early screening and targeted intervention programmes for at-risk children.

PMID:40462259 | DOI:10.1192/bjo.2025.67

Musculoskeletal Care. 2025 Jun;23(2):e70136. doi: 10.1002/msc.70136.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) and cardiovascular risk (CVR) assessed by 10 CVR calculators.

METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational, and comparative study of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients aged 30-75, classified according to established diagnostic criteria. The NAPSI was assessed, classifying patients into two groups: with (≥ 1) and without (< 1) nail involvement. The CVR was evaluated through: Framingham (FRS) lipids and body mass index (BMI), American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association- Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease 2013 (ACC/AHA ASCVD 2013), Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), SCORE 2, SCORE-Older Persons (OP), QRISK3, Reynolds Risk Score (RRS), Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease EVENTs (PREVENT) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and PREVENT Heart Failure (HF) calculator. Group distribution was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Comparisons were conducted accordingly with Chi-Squared, T-Student, U-Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Correlations were performed using Spearman’s rho. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS: Seventy-one patients with PsA were included, 31 with nail involvement and 40 without. CVR score was higher in PsA patients with nail involvement using SCORE (2.0 (1.0-3.7) versus 1.0 (0.0-2.0), p = 0.02). Regarding CVR, positive correlations were found between NAPSI and the following calculators: ACC/AHA ASCVD 2013 (Spearman’s rho = 0.202, p = 0.045), FRS BMI (Spearman’s rho = 0.229, p = 0.027), SCORE (Spearman’s rho = 0.344, p = 0.002), PREVENT ASCVD (Spearman’s rho = 0.198, p = 0.049), and PREVENT HF (Spearman’s rho = 0.291, p = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONS: A NAPSI ≥ 1 score is related to higher CVR assessed through SCORE and positively correlates with ACC/AHA, PREVENT TM ASCVD, and PREVENT HF.

PMID:40462257 | DOI:10.1002/msc.70136

Trop Med Health. 2025 Jun 3;53(1):78. doi: 10.1186/s41182-025-00761-1.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Diurnal temperature range (DTR), the difference between daily maximum and minimum temperatures, has been increasingly recognized for its potential impact on human health. However, its contribution to mortality remains underexplored, particularly in tropical regions such as Thailand.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the burden of all-cause mortality attributable to variations in DTR in Thailand utilizing data from 2007 to 2021.

METHODOLOGY: Data on daily all-cause mortality (ICD-10: A00-R99), excluding accidental causes, were obtained from the Strategy and Planning Division under the Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Public Health between January 2007 and December 2021, while daily meteorological data were sourced from the Thai Meteorological Department during the same period. A two-stage statistical model was utilized to assess the relationship between DTR and mortality. In the first stage, a time-stratified case-crossover design with conditional Poisson regression model was applied to estimate the province-specific associations between DTR and mortality. In the second stage, these province-specific estimates were pooled using a multivariate meta-regression model to obtain the national-level estimate. Finally, the mortality burden attributable to variations in DTR was determined using a backward perspective based on the relative risks obtained from the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM).

RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 5,574,850 non-accidental cause of deaths was reported. The association between DTR and mortality followed a non-linear with U-shaped pattern, where the effect of DTR on mortality was higher at both low and high DTR levels. The fraction of mortality attributable to DTR at cumulative lag 0-7, 0-14, and 0-21 days was 1.88% (95% empirical confidence interval (eCI): 0.69-3.03), 2.39% (95% eCI: 0.75-3.99), and 4.67% (95% eCI: – 1.14-9.87), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that both low and high DTRs were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in Thailand. This underscores the need to consider DTR as a significant climate-related health risk, particularly in tropical regions, to inform public health strategies aimed at reducing the burden of climate-related mortality.

PMID:40462239 | DOI:10.1186/s41182-025-00761-1

Inj Epidemiol. 2025 Jun 3;12(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s40621-025-00585-x.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) are civil court orders that temporarily prohibit firearm purchase and possession by someone (“respondent”) at imminent risk of harming themselves or others. Despite ERPOs being currently available in 21 states, DC, and U.S. V.I., little is known about the circumstances under which they are used across states.

METHODS: Using a standardized protocol, we abstracted ERPO petitions and associated court documents from 6 states to examine characteristics of respondents, documented risks of harm, and court outcomes. Included cases were filed through June 30, 2020, from 2013 (Connecticut) or from when the law went into effect (California: 2016; Colorado: 2020; Florida: 2018; Maryland: 2018; and Washington: 2016).

RESULTS: There were 6,634 ERPO petitions across included states. The median age of respondents was 40.0 years (SD: 16.4), and 10.8% were female. Almost half of petitions noted suicidal threats, plans, or ideation (43.9%) as the precipitating event, half noted interpersonal violence threats (50.8%), and one quarter (24.6%) noted threats to both self and others. Around one third (36.0%) noted unlawful or reckless firearm use. The majority of petitions (84.1%) indicated the respondent had current or recent access to a firearm. Most (77.5%) of the final orders (post-hearing) were granted. ERPO implementation varied across states, particularly with regard to how frequently they were used, for what type of threat, and by what type of petitioner.

CONCLUSIONS: This study examined ERPO law implementation in 6 states, highlighting differences and similarities. This comparison allows for a more nuanced understanding of variation in ERPO use, which can inform ERPO implementation and future studies of ERPOs’ effectiveness.

PMID:40462226 | DOI:10.1186/s40621-025-00585-x

Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Jun 4;17(1):190. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01763-z.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains controversial. To clarify this, we conducted a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) study to elucidate these independent causal associations and to investigate the potential mediating effects of circulating adipokines and coagulation factors.

METHODS: Two-sample MR was employed to explore the causal associations between MetS components and VTE and its subtypes, including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Multivariable MR (MVMR) assessed independent effects, while mediation analyses evaluated the mediating roles of adipokines and coagulation factors. The random-effects inverse-variance weighting was adopted as the primary method, and MR-Egger and weighted median methods were used as supplementary analyses. Cochran’s Q test was used to assess heterogeneity, and both the MR-Egger intercept test and Bayesian colocalization analysis were performed to detect horizontal pleiotropy.

RESULTS: In the two-sample MR analysis, we found that genetically predicted elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) is associated with a reduced risk of VTE (OR = 0.99, p = 6.28e-06), PE (OR = 0.99, p = 4.97e-04), and DVT (OR = 0.98, p = 1.15e-08), while higher waist circumference (WC) increases the risk of VTE (OR = 1.65, p = 4.11e-10), PE (OR = 1.74, p = 1.99e-07), and DVT (OR = 1.76, p = 2.20e-08). MVMR analysis showed that both SBP and WC were independently associated with VTE, PE, and DVT. Further mediation analysis revealed that coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) mediated 18.97% of the effect of SBP on VTE, 12.95% on PE, and 14.14% on DVT. Leptin was found to mediate 50.69% of the effect of WC on VTE, 58.12% on PE, and 51.93% on DVT. These findings were replicated in independent samples. Sensitivity analyses excluded the possibility of horizontal pleiotropy and reverse causation.

CONCLUSION: Our MR analysis suggests that SBP among the components of MetS is negatively causally associated with VTE and its subtypes, while WC shows a positive causal association. Furthermore, FVIII and leptin play a key mediating role in these relationships. These findings illuminate the mechanisms linking metabolic factors to thrombotic risks, offering novel insights for targeted interventions.

PMID:40462212 | DOI:10.1186/s13098-025-01763-z

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jun 3;17(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01180-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: According to the evidence, female administrators are forced to fill both domestic and administrative tasks in their families and places of employment. They occasionally face demands from these roles that are out of their control. As a result, they experience fatigue and conflict from these demands. Based on these reasons, we studied the effects of an exercise-based counselling intervention on work-family conflict and occupational dysfunctional thinking in a sample of female educational administrators in light of these circumstances.

METHODS: A randomized control design was used, and a total of 86 school principals took part in the survey. Using scales to measure work-family conflict, participants were tested before and then tested twice (post-test and follow-up test) after completing an exercise-based counseling intervention. The intervention lasted for 14 weeks, with each session lasting one hour. Meanwhile, those in the comparison group were placed on a waitlist. The intervention aimed to enhance participants’ perceptions of work-family life. Univariate analysis, partial eta square analysis, and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data that had been obtained.

RESULTS: The results showed that, among female administrators who had received the exercise-based counselling intervention, there had been a considerable improvement in a decrease in work-family conflict management. The results also suggest a statistically significant effect of time on work-family conflict among female administrators. The follow-up result reveals that the effectiveness of exercise-based counselling intervention was maintained over time in reducing work-family conflict.

CONCLUSION: The conclusion suggests that female administrators of schools exposed to exercise-based counselling intervention understand, perceive, and interpret conflicting work-family issues realistically, and that reduced work-family conflict.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered retrospectively on 29/09/2024 123,702 with UMIN Clinical Registry UMIN000055666.

PMID:40462192 | DOI:10.1186/s13102-025-01180-9

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jun 3;17(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01184-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As a type of game-based training (GBT), small-sided games (SSGs) are often compared with non-game-based training (NGBT) in team sports. However, there is still no consensus on the chronic effects between SSGs and NGBT, including high intensity interval training (HIIT) and traditional technical drills (TTD), on physical performance in basketball players.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically compare the chronic effects of SSGs versus NGBT on the physical fitness in basketball players through meta-analysis and to explore the moderator effects of training variables in SSGs.

METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO host, and CNKI, covering the period from inception until December 13, 2023, with last updated on April 14, 2025. The meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, publication bias detection and subgroup analysis were mainly conducted by Review Manager 5.3. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by the PEDro scale and the NOS scale.

RESULTS: A total of 10 studies involving 253 subjects were included. The meta-analysis results indicated that: (1) No statistically significant differences were found between SSGs and NGBT for the improvement on aerobic and COD performance in basketball players (P > 0.05). And significantly higher enhancement of the lower limb explosive performance were found in SSGs compared with NGBT (SMD = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.20 to 0.82; P = 0.001). (2) Subgroup analysis revealed that SSGs programs favored a weekly training frequency ≥ 3 sessions (SMD = 0.60, 95%CI:0.08 to 1.13) in the improvement of aerobic performance and participants aged < 18 (SMD = 0.56, 95%CI:0.17 to 0.96) or training duration < 18.8 (SMD = 0.60, 95%CI:0.20 to 0.99) in the improvement of lower limb explosive performance. In addition, a higher enhancement of the lower limb explosive performance was found in SSGs versus TTD compared to SSGs versus HIIT (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI:0.33 to 1.22).

CONCLUSIONS: The evidence indicated that SSGs are as effective as NGBT for increasing aerobic and COD performance, and SSGs are more effective than NGBT for improving lower limb explosive performance in basketball players. Moreover, it is important to consider the influence of moderator variables such as weekly training frequency, age of participants and training duration when designing the SSGs programs. The findings provide consensus on the training effects of physical fitness between SSGs and NGBT, and offer directions for further research on optimal SSGs programs.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with PROSPERO (ID. CRD42023483633).

PMID:40462182 | DOI:10.1186/s13102-025-01184-5