Tag: nevin manimala

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2025 May 30;0(0):1-28. doi: 10.11607/jomi.11043. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This case series aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients receiving two different healing strategies for their guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures using a novel collagen membrane to support the implant placement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 patients (27 implants) were included. They either received transmucosal (n = 10; 11 teeth) or submerged (n = 10; 16 teeth) GBR procedures. A standardized cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan protocol was performed immediately post-surgery and in a follow-up visit at 4-6 months post-surgery. The distance from the implant shoulder to the first bone-to-implant contact on the sides of the implant (DIB), the horizontal dimension of the buccal alveolar crests, complication rate, pain score, and quality of newly formed bone in the submerged group, were reported.

RESULTS: Healing at all implant sites was uneventful, with mild swelling and inflammation within normal post-surgical limits. Between-group quantitative analysis of CBCT images obtained immediately post-surgery (CBCT1) and at 4-6 months later (CBCT2) showed no statistical difference in any parameter. Facial bone wall thickness at 1, 3 & 5mm below the implant shoulder significantly decreased in both submerged and trans-mucosal procedure participants in CBCT2 compared to CBCT1.

CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes of GBR treatment are consistent with established clinical and preclinical evidence for the safety and performance of collagen barrier membranes in either submerged or trans-mucosal GBR procedures and these two different healing strategies exhibited similar clinical and radiographic outcomes.

PMID:40446155 | DOI:10.11607/jomi.11043

JMIR Form Res. 2025 May 30;9:e56057. doi: 10.2196/56057.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Conventional approaches for major depressive disorder (MDD) screening rely on two effective but subjective paradigms: self-rated scales and clinical interviews. Artificial intelligence (AI) can potentially contribute to psychiatry, especially through the use of objective data such as objective audiovisual signals.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different paradigms using AI analysis on audiovisual signals.

METHODS: We recruited 89 participants (mean age, 37.1 years; male: 30/89, 33.7%; female: 59/89, 66.3%), including 41 patients with MDD and 48 asymptomatic participants. We developed AI models using facial movement, acoustic, and text features extracted from videos obtained via a tool, incorporating four paradigms: conventional scale (CS), question and answering (Q&A), mental imagery description (MID), and video watching (VW). Ablation experiments and 5-fold cross-validation were performed using two AI methods to ascertain the efficacy of paradigm combinations. Attention scores from the deep learning model were calculated and compared with correlation results to assess comprehensibility.

RESULTS: In video clip-based analyses, Q&A outperformed MID with a mean binary sensitivity of 79.06% (95%CI 77.06%-83.35%; P=.03) and an effect size of 1.0. Among individuals, the combination of Q&A and MID outperformed MID alone with a mean extent accuracy of 80.00% (95%CI 65.88%-88.24%; P= .01), with an effect size 0.61. The mean binary accuracy exceeded 76.25% for video clip predictions and 74.12% for individual-level predictions across the two AI methods, with top individual binary accuracy of 94.12%. The features exhibiting high attention scores demonstrated a significant overlap with those that were statistically correlated, including 18 features (all Ps<.05), while also aligning with established nonverbal markers.

CONCLUSIONS: The Q&A paradigm demonstrated higher efficacy than MID, both individually and in combination. Using AI to analyze audiovisual signals across multiple paradigms has the potential to be an effective tool for MDD screening.

PMID:40446148 | DOI:10.2196/56057

Nutr Rev. 2025 May 1;83(Supplement_1):17-36. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaf005.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To develop the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) for children aged 24-59 months and evaluate its performance in predicting outcomes related to nutrient adequacy and diet-related noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk.

BACKGROUND: The GDQS is a food-based metric developed and validated for capturing diets’ contributions to nutrient adequacy and NCD risk among adult men and nonpregnant and nonlactating women aged ≥15 years globally. Despite the importance of ensuring healthy diets in preschool children and the need for systematic monitoring, no food-based metrics exist that holistically measure diet quality among children aged 24-59 months in diverse populations.

METHODS: We developed candidate versions of the GDQS for children aged 24-59 months by adapting the gram cutoff values used for adults to account for children’s lower energy requirements. Using dietary data sets from Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, China, Ethiopia, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States, we evaluated candidate versions’ performance in predicting energy-adjusted nutrient intakes and adequacy, nutritional biomarkers, and overweight using Spearman’s correlation and multivariable-adjusted regression models, and we statistically compared performance of the strongest candidate with that of the Minimum Dietary Diversity-Women (MDD-W) indicator and Global Dietary Recommendations (GDR) score.

RESULTS: The GDQS exhibited significant (P < .05) positive correlations with energy-adjusted intakes of protein, fiber, and most micronutrients in most data sets; significant negative correlations with added sugar and saturated fat in 2 data sets; and inconsistent correlations with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat. In multivariable-adjusted models, the GDQS, MDD-W, and GDR were positively associated with serum folate in Ethiopia (and the GDQS was in the United Kingdom), and the GDR was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in China (P < .05). The GDQS was more strongly associated with the mean probability of adequacy of 8 nutrients than the GDR in 2 data sets, whereas the MDD-W outperformed the GDQS in 3 data sets (P < .05).

CONCLUSION: The GDQS is a useful metric for measuring diet quality among children aged 24-59 months in diverse populations.

PMID:40446144 | DOI:10.1093/nutrit/nuaf005

Nutr Rev. 2025 May 1;83(Supplement_1):61-71. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaf035.

ABSTRACT

Overweight and obesity affects approximately 20%-30% of preschool- and school-aged children in Mexico. The GDQS has been proposed as a global metric for monitoring nutrient adequacy in populations, but data for its association with adiposity measures in Mexican children are scarce. We evaluated the association between the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) and changes in adiposity outcomes in Mexican children between ages 2 years to 4-5 years, 2 years to 6-7 years, and 4-5 years to 6-7 years. We analyzed data from 715 children from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment, and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort study in Mexico City. Children’s dietary intakes were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality was calculated using the GDQS. We assessed 3 adiposity outcomes at 2 years, 4-5 years, and 6-7 years: body mass index (BMI) Z-score, waist circumference to height ratio (WHTr), and body fat mass to height ratio (BFMHTr). We ran separate multiple linear regression models to evaluate associations between changes in GDQS and changes in adiposity outcomes between each pair of visits. We evaluated whether the associations differed by sex, or baseline BMI status. We found that the average GDQS score was generally low at each visit. Between 4-5 years and 6-7 years, we found statistically significant inverse associations between change in GDQS and change in BMI Z-score among all children. We also found inverse associations between changes in GDQS and WHTr only for children with risk of overweight/obesity at baseline and for girls. For BFMHTr, we found statistically significant associations among girls. In conclusion, longitudinal changes in the GDQS were inversely associated with changes in adiposity outcomes among Mexican children. Our results suggest that the GDQS is a useful metric for capturing dietary quality related to obesity for children from middle-income countries, such as Mexico.

PMID:40446143 | DOI:10.1093/nutrit/nuaf035

Brain Behav. 2025 Jun;15(6):e70573. doi: 10.1002/brb3.70573.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Targeting partial cellular reprogramming pathways through specific small molecule combinations holds promise for lifespan extension in model organisms. Chemical cocktails like RepSox and tranylcypromine (TCP) may induce beneficial age-related changes without the risks of full reprogramming. This study investigated the effects of RepSox and TCP on neurological markers, physical activity, skeletal health, and survival in aging C3H female mice.

METHODS: Female C3H mice were divided into two age groups: “old” (16-20 months) and “senior” (10-13 months). They received intraperitoneal injections of RepSox (5 mg/kg) and TCP (3 mg/kg) or DMSO (control) every 72 h for 30 days. Physiological state, neurological scores, open field test performance, skeletal deformation, and survival were assessed. Histological analyses of organs (brain, liver, heart, kidneys, lungs, muscles) were performed post-treatment. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney tests, mixed-effects linear regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and the Gao-Allison test.

FINDINGS: In the “old” group, treated mice showed enhanced neurological status, fur and skeletal health, and increased cortical angiogenesis, though with some adverse histological changes in the liver and brain. In the “senior” group, treated mice displayed a plateau in mortality after month seven, while deaths continued in controls. Although overall survival was not significantly different, maximum lifespan significantly increased in treated mice (p = 0.039, Gao-Allison test). Histological findings revealed localized adaptive changes rather than major toxic effects. These results suggest that the combination of RepSox and TCP exerts protective effects on aging phenotypes and may potentially slow systemic aging processes in C3H mice.

PMID:40444523 | DOI:10.1002/brb3.70573

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):206-216. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3819.

ABSTRACT

AIM AND BACKGROUND: This meta-analysis aims to systematically assess the association between periodontitis and stress in relation to salivary cortisol levels.

METHODS: Four major databases, the MEDLINE-PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases, were searched from January 2005 to August 2023 for prospective and retrospective clinical studies. The PECO guidelines followed were as follows: Population: Patients with periodontal disease; Exposure: depression, stress, or anxiety; comparison: No periodontal disease and no depression, stress, or anxiety; outcome: salivary cortisol level. The following variables were extracted from each study: author, study design, sample size, saliva cortisol level (mean), periodontal parameters, method of stress evaluation, and the outcome of the study. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The statistical analysis involved calculating standardized mean differences (SMD) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). The meta-analysis was conducted using comprehensive meta-analysis version 2.

RESULTS: A total of 101 articles were identified, of which 73 articles were excluded after the first round of screening of titles and abstracts and 17 articles were excluded after full-text examination. Finally, 11 clinical studies comprising of 1,565 participants that satisfied the inclusion criteria for the systematic review were considered. While eight studies were included for meta-analysis in the first comparison group and seven studies were considered for analysis in the second comparison group. Of the 11 studies included in the present systematic review, seven were cross-sectional studies, three were case-control studies, and one was randomized double-blinded prospective study. The meta-analysis findings indicated a statistically significant increase in cortisol levels among patients with periodontitis compared to those without periodontitis (SMD = -1.424, CI: -2.107 to -0.740, p = 0.001, low-quality evidence). Moreover, a statistically significant increase in cortisol levels was observed in patients with periodontitis who experienced stress.

CONCLUSION: Overall studies included in the review demonstrate and confirm a positive association between elevated salivary cortisol levels and periodontitis with stress.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The results of this study suggest that treatment for periodontitis patients could be tailored to consider both the clinical aspects of the condition and the patient’s stress levels. Thus, clinicians should pay attention to stress management as part of comprehensive periodontal care. How to cite this article: Al‑Ak’hali MS, Al-Moraissi EA, Fageeh HN, et al. Are Salivary Cortisol Levels Elevated in Periodontitis Patients Experiencing Stress Compared to Those without Stress? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(2):206-216.

PMID:40444517 | DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3819

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):192-199. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3830.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The study aims to evaluate the biocompatibility of novel green-synthesized nano-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) in Wistar albino rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Green-synthesized chitosan, titanium, zirconia, and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were incorporated into the GIC powder, and nine disc-shaped modified GIC specimens with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were fabricated. The specimens were then implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal region of 18 Wistar albino rats. Group I received conventional GIC (n = 9), while group II received nano-modified GIC (n = 9). Biochemical analyses were conducted at 3, 10, and 30-day intervals, with three animals per group assessed at each time point with the same animals. Similarly, histopathological evaluations were performed at the same intervals, with three animals from each group examined at each time point. Blood biochemical analysis, including serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), urea, and creatinine, as well as histopathological examinations using H&E and Masson’s trichrome stains, were performed at 3, 10, and 30-day intervals. The collected data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: Biochemical analysis at day 30, liver function markers, SGOT (Group I: 51.07 ± 0.725, group II: 52.63 ± 3.298) and SGPT (Group I: 45.32 ± 1.950, group II: 46.36 ± 4.288), showed no significant differences. Renal function tests (RFTs) also revealed no significant differences in creatinine (Group I: 0.54 ± 0.001, group II: 0.63 ± 0.145) and urea (Group I: 40.76 ± 0.333, group II: 42.31 ± 3.082). Histopathological analysis at 10 days for group II revealed more favorable tissue repair, characterized by an increased number of fibroblasts and fewer macrophages. At 30 days, the test specimens in group II were surrounded solely by fibroblasts, with no signs of inflammation.

CONCLUSION: The results of this study concluded that both groups exhibited satisfactory biocompatibility, with the green-synthesized nano-modified glass ionomers demonstrating more advanced tissue repair. The biochemical parameters in both groups remained within the normal reference ranges, indicating no signs of toxicity.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Conventional GIC has a good ability to bond to tooth structure, but its limitations often reduce the durability and long-term success of restorations. The green-synthesized nano-modified GIC enhances biocompatibility by reducing the risk of inflammation and toxicity, making it a more reliable and long-lasting option for restorations. How to cite this article: Palani H, Paulraj J, Maiti S, et al. Evaluating the Biocompatibility of Novel Green-synthesized Nano-modified Glass Ionomer Cement: A Biochemical and Histopathological Analysis Study in Wistar Albino Rats. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(2):192-199.

PMID:40444515 | DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3830

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):178-183. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3821.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between maxillary impacted canine and sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns (VSPs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 82 individuals, who presented with maxillary impacted canines. Assessment of impaction included type, location, alpha angle, and distance “d“. Sagittal skeletal patterns were evaluated by measurement of sella, nasion, point A (SNA), sella, nasion, and point B (SNB), anteroposterior relationship between A-point and B-point (ANB), A point to nasion perpendicular to Frankfort horizontal, and Pogonion to nasion perpendicular to Frankfort horizontal. Three angles were used to analyze VSPs (SN-MP, FH-MP, and MM angle). Cephalometric measurements were processed using OnyxCeph3TM software. Associations between impaction type, location, and skeletal patterns, as well as the relationship between impaction type, location, and impaction-related variables (alpha angle and distance d) were all measured. Correlations were established between impaction-related variables and skeletal measurements.

RESULTS: Class III sagittal skeletal pattern was the most frequent (41.5%), while normodivergent vertical skeletal pattern (VSP) was predominant (53.6%). Bilateral impactions were associated with lower mean SNA and SNB angle measurements compared with unilateral impactions. A significant positive correlation was found between the alpha angle and distance d. No statistical association was observed between impaction-related variables and skeletal patterns.

CONCLUSION: A prognathic maxilla and hyperdivergent skeletal patterns were less frequently associated with maxillary impacted canines. Both jaws exhibited greater retrusion in bilateral cases compared with unilateral maxillary impacted canines. Although certain trends in skeletal patterns were noted, these patterns are not directly associated with maxillary impacted canines and, therefore, lack predictive reliability.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Skeletal analysis alone may not reliably predict impactions, which supports the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach that can guide orthodontic treatment for maxillary impacted canines in Yemeni adults. How to cite this article: Al Eryani FA, Al Akwa’a AA, Ishaq RA, et al. Association between Maxillary Impacted Canine and Vertical and Sagittal Skeletal Patterns in a Group of Yemeni Adults. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(2):178-183.

PMID:40444513 | DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3821

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):169-177. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3829.

ABSTRACT

AIM: This study assessed the vertical marginal and internal fit of a single monolithic zirconia crown supported by an implant fabricated digitally from three different intraoral scanners (IOSs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 models of implant-supported single monolithic zirconia 3Y-TPZ crown invested in epoxy resin were classified into two groups: 15 models for the marginal fit test and 15 for the internal fit test, which, based on the IOS that was employed, was then split into three subgroups (n = 5). A stereomicroscope with a 20× magnification was used to investigate vertical marginal fit. The replica technique was used to examine the samples’ internal fit. The two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s honestly significant difference test (α = 0.05) were used to tabulate and statistically analyze the data, and p < 0.05 was used to determine whether the values were significant.

RESULTS: The calculated marginal gap results (µm) of samples fabricated with the Prime scanner was (44.4 ± 3.21 µm), followed by 3Shape scanner (52.7 ± 2.70 µm), and the highest detected gap was in samples fabricated and scanned by Omnicam scanner (62.8 ± 2.11 µm) at p ≤ 0.05. The detected internal fit of samples manufactured by the Prime scanner was (89.07 ± 4.22 µm) followed by the 3Shape scanner (97.24 ± 5.74 µm), and the least accurate (highest internal gap) was detected in samples scanned and fabricated by Omnicam scanner (120.41 ± 25.10 µm) at p ≤ 0.05.

CONCLUSION: The IOSs showed a significant difference in accuracy, as the Prime scanner showed the best marginal and internal fit results followed by 3Shape. The least accurate was Omnicam scanners.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study postulated that the success of implants supported by fixed single restoration depends on multiple factors. The marginal and internal fit are governing factors that lead to a successful long-life implant-supported single crown restoration. How to cite this article: Shoeeb ME, Abu-Eittah MRH. Assessment of Marginal and Internal Fit of Implant-supported Monolithic Zirconium Single Crown Fabricated from Three Different Intraoral Scanners: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(2):169-177.

PMID:40444512 | DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3829

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):155-162. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3832.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To assess the prevalence and distribution of enamel lamellae, enamel tufts, and incremental lines in different tooth types (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars) across various age-groups (≤20, 21-40, 41-60, and 60 and above) using histological analysis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 extracted human permanent teeth from individuals were collected and categorized into four groups, based on age-group I (≤20 years), group II (21-40 years), group III (41-60 years) and group IV (>60 years) including various tooth types such as incisor, canine, premolar and molars, respectively. Teeth were manually sectioned longitudinally using a carborundum disk and examined under a light microscope (10× magnification) to assess enamel lamellae, enamel tufts, enamel spindles, interglobular dentin, the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), and incremental lines in cementum. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square (χ²) test to determine statistical significance.

RESULTS: Molars were the most examined teeth (37.0%), followed by premolars (25.5%), canines (22.5%), and incisors (15.0%). Enamel lamellae were mostly grade II (43.3%) with no significant variation by age (p = 0.261) or tooth type (p = 0.653). Type A enamel lamellae (91.5%) did not differ significantly by tooth type (p = 0.237) or age (p = 0.871). The extent was primarily type E2 (72.0%) with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Enamel tufts were mostly type M1/3 (71.5%) with no age (p = 0.313) or tooth type association (p = 0.413). Enamel spindles (79%) increased with age (p = 0.011) and with tooth type (p = 0.029). Interglobular dentin (77.5%) increased significantly with age (p < 0.001) but not tooth type (p = 0.871). GAP type was the most common CEJ type (55.5%) with significant differences (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The study concluded that enamel lamellae and tufts showed no significant variation with age or tooth type. Enamel spindles increased with age and tooth type, while interglobular dentin increased with age but not tooth type. The most common CEJ type was GAP, with significant differences observed.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the histological characteristics of enamel lamellae, tufts, and incremental lines in different teeth and age-groups is crucial in endodontics, as these structural variations influence crack propagation, fracture resistance, and treatment outcomes. Age-related changes affect dentin permeability, irrigation efficiency, and obturation success. These advancements play a crucial role in improving restorative and endodontic approaches for enamel preservation and regeneration. How to cite this article: Gupta S, Bathla S, Astekar M. Prevalence of the Histological Characteristics in Various Teeth of Different Age-groups: An Observational In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(2):155-162.

PMID:40444510 | DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3832