Tag: pubmed

Nurs Open. 2024 Sep;11(9):e70027. doi: 10.1002/nop2.70027.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate the current state and influencing factors of core competence of oncology specialist nurses as well as the relationship between core competence and perceived professional benefits.

DESIGN: A cross-sectional correlational survey.

METHODS: This questionnaire survey was conducted with oncology specialist nurses working in a Grade III A (tertiary) Public Cancer Hospital in Jinan, China in March 2021. Based on informed consent, a convenience sampling of 350 nurses participated in the study, with 322 valid questionnaires collected. Using IBM SPSS21.0, the data were analysed to perform descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multiple stepwise regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis.

RESULTS: The overall average score of nurses’ core competence was 224.28 ± 7.95, a medium level and the overall average score of their perceived professional benefits was 132.99 ± 5.05. Nurses’ core competence was positively correlated with perceived professional benefits. The differences in professional title, education, working years and perceived professional benefits were statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that nurses’ perceived professional benefit is an important factor affecting core competence. Nursing managers who take main responsibility for the quality of care should adopt measures to increase perceived professional benefits, which not only promote nurses’ job satisfaction and happiness, but also enhance the development of their core competence and the quality of cancer care as well.

PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: All participants contributed to the conducting of this study by completing self-reported questionnaires.

PMID:39224950 | DOI:10.1002/nop2.70027

Turk J Pharm Sci. 2024 Sep 2;21(4):367-375. doi: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.98572.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the anticancer taxane profiles of edible and non-edible parts of seven Turkish hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) genotypes. Hazelnut is one of the healthy foods rich in nutrients and antioxidants. Its regular consumption is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease and cancer. Hazelnut has been described as a plant source that produces taxanes which are widely used in many cancers. Türkiye is a homeland of hazelnut culture and has its own cultivars. Investigation of anticancer taxane profiles in different parts of Turkish hazelnut genotypes is important to show the potential and value of this plant from the perspective of the pharmaceutical and food industries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, green leafy covers (GLCs) and hard shells (HSs) (non-edible parts), skinless kernels (SKs), brown-skins (BSs), and brown-skinned kernels (BSKs) (edible parts) of Çakıldak, Sivri, Tombul, Palaz, and Kalınkara as standard and Ham and Sivri Yağlı as local genotypes were used. The five parts of each genotype were ground to powder and eliminated to a size of less than 80 mesh. Each part was extracted using hexane and methanol for 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAB III), baccatin III (BAC III), cephalomannine, and paclitaxel analyses in three replicates. Samples and standards were analyzed by acetonitrile: water gradient method on NOVA Spher 100 Phenyl-Hexyl C18 column inhigh-performance liquid chromatography reverse phase system with 228 nm ultraviolet detector and 1.0 mL/min flow rate. Microsoft Office Excel, 2016, and analysis of variance Jamovi Version 2.3 were used for statistical and data analysis, consecutively.

RESULTS: Hazelnut parts differed to a very high degree from each other in terms of the highest amount of 10- DAB III (Ham HSs, 9,15 μg/g), BAC III (Kalınkara BSs, 7.24 μg/g), cephalomannine (Sivri Yağlı BSs, 6.37 μg/g), and paclitaxel (Ham BSKs, 4.36 μg/g) they contained. While HSs, BSKs, and BSs were rich in taxanes in all of the analyzed genotypes, SKs, and GLCs remain limited for anticancer taxanes.

CONCLUSION: This is the first report that revealed the differences in taxane contents of Turkish hazelnuts including previously untested standard and local genotypes and their parts. Significant differences between genotype and hazelnut parts are expected to highlight the health benefits of consuming raw Turkish hazelnut with BSs and their possible use as a functional food. These results add more information to elucidate the bioactive potential of Turkish hazelnuts and their by-products and provide a promising resource for the food and pharmaceutical industry with an anticancer perspective.

PMID:39224934 | DOI:10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.98572

JBI Evid Synth. 2024 Sep 3. doi: 10.11124/JBIES-24-00025. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this methodological scoping review was to investigate ways in which qualitative review teams are addressing equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in the process of conducting and reporting qualitative systematic reviews that use JBI guidelines.

INTRODUCTION: To promote health equity, there is a need for evidence synthesis processes and practices to develop approaches that incorporate EDI. Some guidance is available to guide equity-focused review methods and reporting, but this is primarily oriented to quantitative systematic reviews. There is currently limited knowledge about how review teams are addressing EDI within qualitative evidence syntheses.

INCLUSION CRITERIA: This review included English-language qualitative systematic reviews, published in 2022, that used all the steps outlined in JBI guidance for qualitative reviews.

METHODS: A 1-year sample of published reviews was identified from a search undertaken on March 17, 2023, of 2 health care databases: MEDLINE (Ovid) and CINAHL (EBSCOhost). Data extraction followed a framework approach, using an adapted preexisting equity template. This included attention to i) the reporting of a range of characteristics associated with EDI, ii) search approaches, and iii) analytical approaches (including reflexivity, intersectionality, and knowledge user engagement). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and narrative summary.

RESULTS: Forty-three reviews met the inclusion criteria. The majority of reviews (n=30) framed their questions and aims in a generic/universal (rather than EDI-focused) way. Six reviews justified their population focus in terms of an EDI-related issue. Only one review included a knowledge user. The sociodemographic and other key characteristics of the samples in underpinning studies were poorly reported, making it hard to discern EDI-related issues or to undertake EDI-related analyses. Thirteen of the reviews included non-English-language evidence sources, and 31 reviews included gray literature sources. Ten reviews demonstrated an element of intersectional or otherwise critical approaches within their analyses of categories and synthesized findings (whereby issues of power and/or representation were explicitly considered). Only 8 reviews included discussions of review team composition and reflexivity within the review process.

CONCLUSIONS: This EDI-focused methodological enquiry has highlighted some limitations within current qualitative evidence synthesis practice. Without closer attention to EDI, there is a danger that systematic reviews may simply serve to amplify, rather than illuminate, existing gaps, silences, and inequitable knowledge claims based on dominant representations. This review sets out a range of suggestions to help qualitative evidence synthesis teams to more systematically embed EDI within their methods and practices.

REVIEW REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/wy5kv/.

PMID:39224923 | DOI:10.11124/JBIES-24-00025

SAGE Open Med. 2024 Aug 31;12:20503121241275230. doi: 10.1177/20503121241275230. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Contact with pets within healthcare settings is considered worldwide an added value to assistance both in the case of animal-assisted interventions and also when pets are visiting hospitalized owners, due to the special emotional relationship between them and their pets. The goal of this work was to analyze local experiences on access of pets to healthcare facilities using a survey sent to doctors, veterinarians, and students in the region of Sardinia (Italy).

METHODS: The online survey consisted of 17 questions, with the objective to evaluate knowledge and interest of study participants on some aspects of human-animal interaction with particular reference to potential access of pets to hospitals facilities and nursing homes and to promote an initial social judgment in the medical and healthcare environment. A total of 2484 subjects were invited to participate to the survey through an email explaining the purpose of the study. Statistical analysis on the survey results was conducted by comparing the characteristics of respondents with their answers to animal-assisted-intervention-related questions.

RESULTS: Results showed that over 70% of the participants owned an animal; almost 80% of responses showed that survey participants were in favor of animal presence in hospitals; furthermore, the responses showed how the concept of One Health seems not only scarcely established, but also barely known. The large majority of respondents (over 80%) positively responded on questions around the role of animals as co-therapists.

CONCLUSIONS: On the one hand, this study showed lack of knowledge on the concept of One Health, whose essence is too often unknown and, on the other hand, it confirmed that women may be more inclined to show empathy and sensitivity toward animals. Regarding the profession, students seem more concerned about the introduction of animals into hospitals than healthcare workers.

PMID:39224895 | PMC:PMC11367599 | DOI:10.1177/20503121241275230

Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2024 Jul 12;2(2):qyae067. doi: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae067. eCollection 2024 Apr.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) frequently leads to impaired left atrial (LA) function because of pressure overload, highlighting the underlying atrial pathology. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) offers early detection of LA dysfunction, potentially improving risk assessment in patients with MS. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of LA function assessed by 2D-STE for clinical outcomes in patients with MS.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Between 2011 and 2021, patients with MS underwent LA function assessment using 2D-STE, with focus on the reservoir phase (LASr). Atrial fibrillation (AF) development constituted the primary outcome, with death or valve replacement as the secondary outcome. Conditional inference trees were employed for analysis, validated through sample splitting. The study included 493 patients with MS (mean valve area 1.1 ± 0.4 cm², 84% female). At baseline, 166 patients (34%) had AF, with 62 patients (19%) developing AF during follow-up. LASr emerged as the primary predictor for new-onset AF, with a threshold of 17.9%. Over a mean 3.8-year follow-up, 125 patients (25%) underwent mitral valve replacement, and 32 patients (6.5%) died. A decision tree analysis identified key predictors such as age, LASr, severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), net atrioventricular compliance (C _n), and early percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty, especially in patients aged ≤49 years, where LASr, with a threshold of 12.8%, significantly predicted adverse outcomes.

CONCLUSION: LASr emerged as a significant predictor of cardiovascular events in this MS cohort, validated through a decision tree analysis. Patients were stratified into low- or high-risk categories for adverse outcomes, taking into account LASr, age, TR severity, and C _n.

PMID:39224865 | PMC:PMC11367946 | DOI:10.1093/ehjimp/qyae067

Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2024 Aug 5;2(2):qyae080. doi: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae080. eCollection 2024 Apr.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with heart failure (HF) and reduced survival. Within a short-time period, transcatheter tricuspid valve repair or replacement (TTVR/TTVr) for TR has evolved from innovation to clinical reality. The present study’s aim is to provide 1-year results between TR patients treated with TTVR and TTVr compared with untreated patients, in terms of cardiac survival, rehospitalization, right-side HF symptom development, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) improvement.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients (pts) have been prospectively inserted into a dedicated database from January 2020 till January 2023. Twenty-six patients (33.8%) have been treated with TTVR/r [treated group (TG)], and 51 pts (66.2%) have been left untreated with medical therapy optimization [untreated group (UNTG)]. Analysing the cardiac death between the two groups, there was a significant statistical difference since TG has less incidence of exitus in the general population (P = 0.05). Concerning HF hospitalization, TG has a lower incidence with a P = 0.005. In TG, there was a significant improvement in NYHA class at follow-up (FUP) (P = 0.001) as well as an improvement in right-side HF symptoms (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION: This study shows that treatment in the case of TR with right-side HF has a positive impact on cardiac death and HF hospitalization at 1 year. And there is a significant improvement in clinical and echocardiographic status at FUP in the TG.

PMID:39224864 | PMC:PMC11367954 | DOI:10.1093/ehjimp/qyae080

ScientificWorldJournal. 2024 Aug 26;2024:6208571. doi: 10.1155/2024/6208571. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

This research aims to create and evaluate an assessment tool termed Older Adults’ First Aid Knowledge Scale, which measures the knowledge and attitude of Iranian grandparents about first aid. In accordance with COSIM guidelines, 485 individuals in southern Iran completed the instrument as part of a psychometric investigation. Rasch partial credit model (PCM), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to analyze the results. The final version of OFAKS consisted of 18 items that were validated through EFA, CFA, and item response theory (IRT) analysis. All items showed measurement invariance and consecutive response groupings in the predictable order, and the instrument had strong internal consistency. Although Rasch’s analysis demonstrated the significance of OFAKS, further investigations and testing in different settings are required to confirm the validity of the tool.

PMID:39224860 | PMC:PMC11368547 | DOI:10.1155/2024/6208571

Mov Ecol. 2024 Sep 2;12(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s40462-024-00499-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Recent technological advances have resulted in low-cost GPS loggers that are small enough to be used on a range of seabirds, producing accurate location estimates (± 5 m) at sampling intervals as low as 1 s. However, tradeoffs between battery life and sampling frequency result in studies using GPS loggers on flying seabirds yielding locational data at a wide range of sampling intervals. Metrics derived from these data are known to be scale-sensitive, but quantification of these errors is rarely available. Very frequent sampling, coupled with limited movement, can result in measurement error, overestimating movement, but a much more pervasive problem results from sampling at long intervals, which grossly underestimates path lengths.

METHODS: We use fine-scale (1 Hz) GPS data from a range of albatrosses and petrels to study the effect of sampling interval on metrics derived from the data. The GPS paths were sub-sampled at increasing intervals to show the effect on path length (i.e. ground speed), turning angles, total distance travelled, as well as inferred behavioural states.

RESULTS: We show that distances (and per implication ground speeds) are overestimated (4% on average, but up to 20%) at the shortest sampling intervals (1-5 s) and underestimated at longer intervals. The latter bias is greater for more sinuous flights (underestimated by on average 40% when sampling > 1-min intervals) as opposed to straight flight (11%). Although sample sizes were modest, the effect of the bias seemingly varied with species, where species with more sinuous flight modes had larger bias. Sampling intervals also played a large role when inferring behavioural states from path length and turning angles.

CONCLUSIONS: Location estimates from low-cost GPS loggers are appropriate to study the large-scale movements of seabirds when using coarse sampling intervals, but actual flight distances are underestimated. When inferring behavioural states from path lengths and turning angles, moderate sampling intervals (10-30 min) may provide more stable models, but the accuracy of the inferred behavioural states will depend on the time period associated with specific behaviours. Sampling rates have to be considered when comparing behaviours derived using varying sampling intervals and the use of bias-informed analyses are encouraged.

PMID:39223688 | DOI:10.1186/s40462-024-00499-1

BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):244. doi: 10.1186/s12911-024-02642-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Predictive modeling based on multi-omics data, which incorporates several types of omics data for the same patients, has shown potential to outperform single-omics predictive modeling. Most research in this domain focuses on incorporating numerous data types, despite the complexity and cost of acquiring them. The prevailing assumption is that increasing the number of data types necessarily improves predictive performance. However, the integration of less informative or redundant data types could potentially hinder this performance. Therefore, identifying the most effective combinations of omics data types that enhance predictive performance is critical for cost-effective and accurate predictions.

METHODS: In this study, we systematically evaluated the predictive performance of all 31 possible combinations including at least one of five genomic data types (mRNA, miRNA, methylation, DNAseq, and copy number variation) using 14 cancer datasets with right-censored survival outcomes, publicly available from the TCGA database. We employed various prediction methods and up-weighted clinical data in every model to leverage their predictive importance. Harrell’s C-index and the integrated Brier Score were used as performance measures. To assess the robustness of our findings, we performed a bootstrap analysis at the level of the included datasets. Statistical testing was conducted for key results, limiting the number of tests to ensure a low risk of false positives.

RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, we found that using only mRNA data or a combination of mRNA and miRNA data was sufficient for most cancer types. For some cancer types, the additional inclusion of methylation data led to improved prediction results. Far from enhancing performance, the introduction of more data types most often resulted in a decline in performance, which varied between the two performance measures.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings challenge the prevailing notion that combining multiple omics data types in multi-omics survival prediction improves predictive performance. Thus, the widespread approach in multi-omics prediction of incorporating as many data types as possible should be reconsidered to avoid suboptimal prediction results and unnecessary expenditure.

PMID:39223659 | DOI:10.1186/s12911-024-02642-9

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2024 Sep 2;20(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s13002-024-00709-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The field of traditional medicine encompasses a wide range of knowledge, skills, and practices that are deeply rooted in the theories, beliefs, and experiences of different cultures. The research aimed to identify traditional medicinal plants used in Guraferda District and assess the threats they face.

METHOD: A total of 96 individuals, 80 males and 16 females, were interviewed to gather ethnobotanical data. Statistical tests like independent t tests, ANOVA, correlation, and regression were conducted using R software version 4.3.2 to compare informant groups.

RESULT: The study found 81 medicinal plant species in the district from 71 genera and 38 families, with Asteraceae and Solanaceae families having the most species. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part for medicine. Significant differences in plant knowledge were observed across genders, age groups, education levels, and experiences. The highest ICF value was for Dermal and Cutaneous ailments, and Cissampelos mucronata A. Rich and Bidens pilosa L. had the highest fidelity levels.

CONCLUSION: The study highlighted the importance of traditional medicinal plants in treating ailments but noted threats like overharvesting, habitat destruction, and climate change. Conservation efforts and sustainable harvesting practices are crucial to ensure the availability of these plants for future generations. Further research is needed to explore their potential for modern medicine and develop sustainable use strategies.

PMID:39223653 | DOI:10.1186/s13002-024-00709-5