Tag: pubmed

JMIR Med Educ. 2025 Apr 23;11:e45912. doi: 10.2196/45912.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nursing students’ motivation in clinical learning is very important not only for their academic and professional achievement but also for making timely, informed, and appropriate decisions in providing quality and cost-effective care to people. However, the increased number of students and the scarcity of medical supplies, equipment, and patients, just to mention a few, have posed a challenge to educators in identifying and navigating the best approaches to motivate nursing students to learn during their clinical placements.

OBJECTIVE: This study primarily used descriptive and analytical methods to examine undergraduate nursing students’ desire for clinical learning both before and after participating in the program.

METHODS: An uncontrolled longitudinal quasi-experimental study in a quantitative research approach was conducted from February to March 2021 among 589 undergraduate nursing students in Tanzania. Following a baseline evaluation, nursing students were enrolled in an interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system by their program, institution, names, registration numbers, and emails via unique codes created by the lead investigator and trainers. The system recorded and generated feedback on attendance, clinical placement unit, selected or performed clinical nursing procedures, and in-between and end-of-shift feedback. The linear regression was used to assess the effect of the intervention (interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system) controlled for other correlated factors on motivation in clinical learning (outcome) among nursing students. Nursing students’ sociodemographic characteristics and levels of motivation in clinical learning were analyzed descriptively while a 2-tailed paired sample t test established a comparative mean difference in motivation in clinical learning between the pretest and the posttest. The association between variables was determined using regression analysis set at a 95% CI and 5% statistical significance.

RESULTS: The mean age of study participants (N=589) was 23 (SD 2.69) years of which 383 (65.0%) were male. The estimated effect (β) of a 3-week intervention to improve nursing students’ motivation in clinical learning was 3.041 (P=.03, 95% CI 1.022-7.732) when controlled for other co-related factors. The mean score for motivation in clinical learning increased significantly from the baseline (mean 9.31, SD 2.315) to the postintervention (mean 20.87, SD 5.504), and this improvement presented a large effect size of 2.743 (P<.001, 95% CI 1.011-4.107).

CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that an interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system is viable and has the potential to improve undergraduate nursing students’ motivation for clinical learning. One alternative clinical pedagogy that educators in nursing education can use to facilitate clinical learning activities and develop motivated undergraduate nursing students is the integration of such technology throughout nursing curricula.

PMID:40267464 | DOI:10.2196/45912

J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Apr 23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005081. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Edwards, PK, Blackah, N, Ebert, JR, and Chapman, D. Sex- and position-specific countermovement jump outcome and phase characteristics in Australian rules football players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-This study was designed to examine positional and sex differences in countermovement jump (CMJ) force-time characteristics among subelite male (n = 111) and female (n = 71) Australian football (AF) players and establish normative data for key performance output metrics. A total of 182 male and female players performed 3 maximal effort CMJs on dual force plates. Differences in variables including jump height, peak power, modified reactive strength index (RSIMOD), and other force-time variables were compared using 1-way ANOVA and Cohen’s d effect sizes. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Male players demonstrated significantly greater jump height (36.0 ± 5.2 cm vs. 25.9 ± 4.2 cm; p < 0.001) and RSIMOD (0.52 ± 0.11 vs. 0.39 ± 0.09; p < 0.001) compared with female players, with large effect sizes (d = 1.18 and 2.08, respectively). Positional differences were observed in both sexes. Male midfielders exhibited a significantly shorter time to takeoff compared with backs (mean difference, -67.1 ms; p = 0.008). Female midfielders, compared with backs, also recorded significantly shorter time to takeoff (mean difference, -79.0 ms; p = 0.014) and higher RSIMOD values (mean difference, 0.05; p = 0.048). No significant differences were found in jump height or peak power between playing positions for either sex. These findings highlight different performance profiles between sexes and playing positions in AF, offering practitioners normative benchmarks to guide return-to-play decisions and optimize player physical development.

PMID:40267461 | DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000005081

JMIR Med Inform. 2025 Apr 23;13:e63709. doi: 10.2196/63709.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs) require continuous monitoring, generating vast amounts of data. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have shown promise in improving diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decision-making. However, these models are rarely implemented in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to survey ICU physicians to understand their expectations, opinions, and level of knowledge regarding a proposed AI-based CDSS for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) weaning, a clinical decision-making process that is still complex and lacking in guidelines. This will be used to guide the development of an AI-based CDSS on which our team is working to ensure user-centered design and successful integration into clinical practice.

METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional survey of French-speaking physicians with clinical activity in intensive care was conducted between December 2023 and April 2024. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions structured around 4 axes: overview of the problem and current practices concerning weaning from CRRT, opinion on AI-based CDSS, implementation in daily clinical practice, real-life operation and willingness to adopt the CDSS in everyday practice. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon rank sum tests for quantitative variables and χ2 or Fisher exact tests for qualitative variables, with multivariate analyses performed using ordinal logistic regression.

RESULTS: A total of 171 complete responses were received. Physicians expressed an interest in a CDSS for CRRT weaning, with 70.2% (120/171) viewing AI-based CDSS favorably. Opinions were split regarding the difficulty of the weaning decision itself, with 46.2% (79/171) disagreeing that it is challenging, while 31.6% (54/171) agreed. However, 66.1% (113/171) of respondents supported the value of an AI-based CDSS to assist them in this decision, with younger physicians showing stronger support (81.8%, 27/33 vs 62.3%; 86/138; P=.01). Most respondents (163/171, 95.3%) emphasized the importance of understanding the criteria used by the model to make its predictions.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight an optimistic attitude among ICU physicians toward AI-based CDSS for CRRT weaning, emphasizing the need for transparency, integration into existing workflows, and alignment with clinicians’ decision-making processes. Actionable recommendations include incorporating key variables such as urine output and biological parameters, defining probability thresholds for recommendations and ensuring model transparency to facilitate the successful adoption and integration into clinical practice. The methodology of this survey may help the development of further predevelopment studies accompanying AI-based CDSS projects.

PMID:40267422 | DOI:10.2196/63709

J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Apr 23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005121. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Meechan, D, McErlain-Naylor, SA, Phua, Juan Peng, and Comfort, P. The effect of load on subphase analysis during the hang pull. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-The effect of load on temporally aligned time-series data has yet to be investigated during weightlifting derivatives. Such data may provide greater insight regarding any differences in stimulus between relative loads during each phase. This study compared the effect of load on the force-time and velocity-time curves during the hang pull (HP). Twenty-seven males performed the HP at relative loads of 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140% one repetition maximum (1RM) power clean (PC). A force plate measured the vertical ground reaction force, which calculated the barbell-lifter system velocity. Time-series were time-normalized to 101 data points (0-100% of the movement duration) via piecewise linear length normalization of the individual phases (unweighting, braking, propulsion) and assessed via statistical parametric mapping. Relative loads of 40% 1RM PC maximized propulsion velocity, whereas 140% 1RM maximized force. Statistical parametric mapping analysis showed greater force at 140% 1RM PC throughout 55-100% of total movement duration compared with all loads, with greater propulsion velocity at lighter loads during the propulsion phase (79-100% of the movement) for all loads, with greater negative velocity at 140% 1RM PC compared with 60 and 100% 1RM PC during late unweighting/early braking phase (32-54% of the movement). Braking, propulsion, and total absolute durations increased with load. It may be appropriate to prescribe the HP during a maximal strength and strength-speed mesocycle given the ability to use supramaximal loads.

PMID:40267416 | DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000005121

Hum Factors. 2025 Apr 23:187208251335149. doi: 10.1177/00187208251335149. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveThis study investigated how user characteristics and driving context influence auditory experiences (AX) in electric vehicles (EVs), identifying distinct user types and their specific auditory needs and evaluation.BackgroundElectric vehicles (EVs) present unique opportunities for designing auditory experiences (AX) due to their quiet operation characteristics and acoustic vehicle alert systems (AVAS).MethodForty participants conducted real-driving experiments with an EV, experiencing sounds at low, medium, and high speeds. We applied systematic analysis combining topic modeling (BERTopic) and qualitative coding of think-aloud interviews and statistical analysis of questionnaire responses.ResultsFour user types were segmented by attitude (Dynamic vs. Conservative) and car type (EV vs. ICV owners). Text analysis revealed varying frequencies of concerns across user types regarding driving contexts, functional aspects, and affective aspects of AX. Statistical analysis showed significant differences among user types in sporty preferences and perceptions of affective properties (Sporty, Stylish, Comfort, and Calm). Driving contexts significantly influenced perceived Stylish and Calm characteristics.ConclusionThis study provides empirical evidence and design implications for customized AX in EVs design based on user characteristics and driving contexts.ApplicationThe findings can guide the development of personalized AX systems in EVs, enhancing both user satisfaction and safety through context-aware and user-centered design approaches.

PMID:40267415 | DOI:10.1177/00187208251335149

J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Apr 23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005111. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Li, W, Lin, J, Dos’Santos, T, and Turner, A. Mechanical determinants of superior horizontal deceleration performance in multidirectional sportspersons. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-This study aimed to (a) examine the mechanical determinants of superior horizontal deceleration and (b) compare ground reaction force (GRF) characteristics of the first and second braking foot contacts during horizontal deceleration between higher and lower deceleration performers. Forty-two trained male student-athletes from multidirectional team sports performed 3 maximal deceleration trials after a 15-m sprint, with GRF data over the first 2 braking steps collected using force plates. Horizontal velocity was collected using a radar gun, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Greater mean and peak deceleration were statistically significantly correlated with greater mean horizontal GRF ratio at both braking foot contacts (ρ = 0.31-0.49, p < 0.05). Comparing lower mean and peak deceleration performers, greater performers displayed statistically significantly greater mean horizontal GRF ratios at both braking steps (effects size [ES] = 3.53-5.00, p < 0.05) and lower approach momentum (ES = 0.62 and 0.66). Compared with lower approach momentum performers, greater performers displayed statistically significantly greater mean and peak deceleration scores (ES = 0.70 and 0.66, p < 0.05). Practitioners should aim to maximize horizontal GRF production and orientate force more horizontally for more effective deceleration. However, faster approach velocities, especially when accompanied with greater body mass (and thus momentum), will likely see a reduction in deceleration performance on account of higher braking demands. This is likely an unavoidable paradox, and thus, deceleration performance must always be presented considering approach velocity and momentum.

PMID:40267408 | DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000005111

J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Apr 23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005069. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Kearney, C, Coughlan, EK, O’Connell, A, Lacey, S, and Burns, C. Bigger but are they better? Investigating growth, maturation, and physical performance metrics in underage Gaelic games development squads. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-The purpose of this study was to examine (a) maturation status distribution across intercounty underage Gaelic games development squads and (b) differences in physical performance metrics relative to maturation status. The study is the first to assess physical performance metrics in intercounty development squad Gaelic Games players, with reference to maturation status. The Khamis & Roche method was used to establish maturation status in 254 male U15 and U16 Gaelic Games development squad players. Tests for lower body power (countermovement jump [CMJ] height), linear speed (10, 20 m), upper body strength (maximum chin-up test), and aerobic endurance (GAA modified Bronco) were conducted. One-way multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of variance were conducted, with an alpha level of p < 0.05 set to determine statistical significance. In both U15 and U16 groups, early developers (EDs) comprised 64.9 and 64.0%, respectively, while on-time (OT) developers comprised 31.5% (U15) and 33.7% (U16), and late developers (LDs) comprised 3.6% (U15) and 2.3% (U16). For U15, ED exhibited significantly faster 10 m speed than LD (p = 0.045) and faster 20 m speed than both OT (p = 0.007) and LD (p = 0.006). After post hoc tests for U16, CMJ scores showed no significant differences (p > 0.05), while U16 ED and OT displayed faster 20 m speed than LD (p = 0.023, p = 0.024, respectively). Coach education around growth and maturation and strategies such as biobanding should be used in talent development settings. Practitioners should interpret speed times relative to maturation status as opposed to chronological age.

PMID:40267407 | DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000005069

J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Apr 23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005100. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Arévalo-Chico, H, Sellés-Pérez, S, Fernández-Sáez, J, and Cejuela, R. Physiologic performance, training, and its evolution in international- versus national-level triathletes of both sexes: What differences are there? J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Limited data for elite male and female triathletes exist in the academic literature. This comparative study examined the training loads and physiologic performance data, for the general preparatory period(s) within the training years 2021-2024, as a function of both sex and competition level, in 33 top triathletes. Twenty-three male and 10 female international- or national-level elite athletes took part in the study. The individual athlete’s training data were collected for an average period of 18 ± 2 weeks, at the outset and end of which cardiorespiratory and lactate testing was performed. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was performed to detect statistical differences. Running speed at maximum oxygen uptake (SVO2max) was the test-related variable that showed the greatest differences with performance tier in male (p = 0.001; effect size [ES]: 2.07) and female athletes (p = 0.031; ES: 1.74). Training volume was higher in the international athletes (p = 0.001; ES: 1.52). Moreover, mean weekly training load was significantly positively correlated with physiologic performance in the running and cycling tests, especially with SVO2max (ρ = 0.651; p < 0.05). However, the extent of physiologic performance improvements that occurred during this period did not differ statistically between groups in any variable. It is important, therefore, that the professional level of an athlete is considered when the coach(es) decide what is his/her most appropriate, assimilable, training load. Both SVO2max and the ability to assimilate high training loads seem to be important variables to take into account in the triathlon talent detection process.

PMID:40267406 | DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000005100

J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Apr 23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000005098. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Stuart, A, Vetrovsky, T, Cochrane-Snyman, KC, Vieira, A, and Tufano, JJ. Investigating the consistency in countermovement jump performance after high-velocity and high-force PAPE: A multiday analysis. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) is widely acknowledged in both practical application and research. However, studies have primarily focused on single experimental PAPE sessions, neglecting the repeatability of protocols with the same individuals over time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PAPE, involving high-velocity and high-force conditioning activities, could be observed at consistent time points across multiple sessions. Sixteen elite speed skaters (9 men: 23.1 ± 2.6 years and 7 women: 24.2 ± 4.7 years) participated in 6 sessions for each independent study. For all sessions, a standardized warm-up was performed, followed by 3 baseline bodyweight countermovement jumps (CMJ), and a potentiation protocol of 5 repeated band-assisted countermovement jumps at approximately 20% bodyweight reduction, or a single 5-second maximal effort isometric squat. Subsequently, subjects rested for 3, 5, and 7 minutes before performing a single bodyweight CMJ at each time point. Multiday analyses of variance showed mixed results for both protocols, with most effect sizes ranging from trivial to small. Linear mixed models indicated that at the individual level, subjects did not consistently jump higher at any specific post-PAPE rest time. The variance between baseline and post-PAPE jump height at the rest time that produced the greatest result was neither statistically significant nor statistically different (p > 0.05), compared with other rest times. Postactivation performance enhancement was identifiable across sessions but variability in jump performance and inconsistent effects made it difficult to observe repeatable responses within individuals over time, thus questioning the idea of “individualizing” PAPE in practice.

PMID:40267397 | DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000005098

Eur J Public Health. 2025 Apr 23:ckaf059. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaf059. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, resulting in an estimated 350 000 deaths worldwide in 2022. Public health preventive strategies can modify the burden of cervical cancer. This study aimed to assess the mortality trends of cervical cancer in Montenegro from 1990 to 2018 and identify the impact of preventive measures on mortality rates associated with cervical cancer. The data concerning cervical cancer mortality from 1990 to 2018 were collected. The joinpoint, linear, and Poisson regressions were applied. The rate was adjusted to the world standard population. Overall and age-specific trends were assessed. Joinpoint regression revealed a statistically significant increase in cervical cancer mortality rates by an average of 2.6% per year [average annual percentage change (AAPC) (95%CI) = 2.6 (1.3-3.8); P < .001] and the number of death cases by 3.5% [AAPC (95%CI) = 3.5 (2.2-4.7); P < .001] for the overall level for the period 1990-2018. Among the women who died from cervical cancer, the majority were aged 55-64 (28.3%), then aged 45-54 (27.6%) and aged 65-74 (17.4%). This analysis highlights a growing trend of mortality from cervical cancer in Montenegro, underscoring the need for additional research into the causes of this serious public health concern.

PMID:40267395 | DOI:10.1093/eurpub/ckaf059