Tag: pubmed

J Oral Rehabil. 2026 May 23. doi: 10.1111/joor.70219. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to assess the relationships between headache (HA), orofacial pain (OFP), sleep bruxism (SB), trauma, emotional control, stress management, and illness acceptance, as measured by scales.

METHODS: Eligible patients underwent overnight videopolysomnography and completed validated questionnaires on pain, trauma, coping strategies, and illness acceptance; all data were analysed using TIBCO Statistica 13.

RESULTS: The results showed a positive correlation between experienced trauma and pain (p = 0.001 for HIT 6, p = 0.002 for MIDAS, p = 0.002 for SF-MPQ), as well as between pain and negative coping strategies such as denial (p = 0.020 for MIDAS, p = 0.038 for SF-MPQ), venting (p = 0.020 for HIT-6, p = 0.009 for MIDAS, p = 0.037 for SF-MPQ), taking psychoactive substances (p = 0.009 for SF-MPQ), behavioural disengagment (p = 0.007for HIT-6, p = 0.039 for SF-MPQ), and self-blame (p = 0.000 for HIT-6, p = 0.001 for MIDAS, p = 0.000 for SF-MPQ). The results also showed a correlation between lower illness acceptance and greater pain complaints (p = 0.000 for GCPS, p = 0.000 for HIT-6, p = 0.000 for MIDAS, p = 0.000 for SF-MPQ). We observed a significant negative relationship between self-blame and the bruxism episode index (BEI) (p = 0.006) and between venting and BEI (p = 0.039).

CONCLUSIONS: Factors such as trauma, the use of negative coping strategies, and low levels of illness acceptance among patients with chronic orofacial pain can be associated with increased pain, which in turn compromises the effectiveness of treatment therapy. Self-blame and emotional venting-showed significant negative correlations with BEI, indicating fewer SB episodes.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.

CLINICALTRIALS: gov, “Relationship Between Selected Parameters and Bruxism”, identifier NCT04214561.

PMID:42175672 | DOI:10.1111/joor.70219

Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2026 May-Jun;61(3):e70263. doi: 10.1111/1460-6984.70263.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Effective support for children’s speech, language, and communication development is essential to prevent long-term negative outcomes. Parental behaviours play a critical role in whether children are referred to and receive speech-language therapy.

AIMS: This study aimed to identify predictors of parents receiving Speech-language Therapy using longitudinal data from Growing Up in New Zealand.

METHOD: Data were drawn from the Growing Up in New Zealand study, which is representative of the national child population. The analysis focused on children with reported speech concerns by age 54 months (N = 771). The primary outcome was whether speech-language therapy had been received for speech concerns by that age.

RESULTS: Logistic regression showed children had significantly higher odds of receiving speech-language therapy if their mothers experienced low socioeconomic deprivation during pregnancy (OR = 2.31, p < 0.01) and if family doctors were perceived as highly helpful when the child was nine months old (OR = 3.77, p < 0.05). In contrast, children whose mothers identified Māori as their prioritised ethnicity were significantly less likely to receive speech-language therapy than those identifying as European/Pākehā (OR = 0.40, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Findings highlight persistent ethnic and social inequities in access to speech-language therapy in New Zealand. Parental information-seeking may play a role but requires further research. These results support the need for targeted policies and early engagement strategies to ensure equitable receipt of speech-language therapy for children with speech, language, and communication needs.

WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject Less than half of children with speech concerns receive speech-language therapy. Socio-economic and ethnic disparities are known to contribute to this gap. However, the specific factors influencing access to speech-language therapy, and the role of healthcare providers in supporting service uptake, are not well understood. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This study identifies key factors associated with non-receipt of speech-language therapy, including socio-economic deprivation, ethnicity, and perceived helpfulness of support. It underscores the important role of healthcare providers in early identification and in improving access to speech-language therapy services for children in at-risk groups. What are the actual clinical implications of this work? The findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to overcome barriers to speech-language therapy access. Strengthening collaboration between healthcare providers, such as general practitioners and early childhood professionals, may improve early intervention and service uptake among underserved populations.

PMID:42175668 | DOI:10.1111/1460-6984.70263

J Oral Rehabil. 2026 May 23. doi: 10.1111/joor.70218. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effects of soft tissue mobilization (STM) and joint mobilization (JM) on mandibular mobility, cervical joint position sense (JPS), jaw function and anxiety levels in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

METHODS: This randomized controlled study included 57 patients with RA and TMD, who were allocated to three groups: STM group (n = 19), JM group (n = 19) and control group (CG; n = 19). Interventions were applied twice weekly for 6 weeks. Outcome measures included mandibular range of motion (ROM), jaw function assessed using the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-20 (JFLS-20), cervical JPS using a CROM device, and anxiety levels using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS: Both intervention groups demonstrated significant improvements in mandibular mobility, jaw function, and anxiety compared to CG (p < 0.05), whereas the CG showed deterioration in mouth opening, protrusion and anxiety over time. In mandibular mobility, both STM and JM showed significant improvements across most parameters, with JM showing a more consistent pattern of improvement. Significant improvements in cervical JPS were observed in the STM group for flexion, extension, and left rotation, and in the JM group for flexion only. No significant differences were found between the intervention groups in jaw function or anxiety outcomes.

CONCLUSION: Soft tissue mobilization enhances cervical proprioception more effectively, whereas joint mobilization provides greater improvements in mandibular mobility. Both manual therapy techniques are effective, non-invasive and clinically applicable options for managing TMD in individuals with RA.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT07171671.

PMID:42175667 | DOI:10.1111/joor.70218

Headache. 2026 May 23. doi: 10.1111/head.70111. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is increased headache burden and disability among women with and without migraine during an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle.

BACKGROUND: Migraine and infertility commonly impact women of childbearing age. Estradiol fluctuations influence migraine, yet the impact of exogenous estrogen on migraine during fertility treatments such as IVF is not well characterized. We assessed migraine burden and disability among women with and without a history of migraine during an IVF cycle. Secondary outcomes included psychological symptoms and estradiol levels. We hypothesized that although all women may be at risk of migraine symptoms during an IVF cycle, women with migraine would be more likely to experience greater headache-related disability and associated psychological symptoms during an IVF cycle. Furthermore, we hypothesized that women with migraine would experience an increase in headache-related disability between time point 2 (when estrogen peaks after ovulation trigger) and time point 3 (when estradiol levels reach a nadir). Women without a history of migraine were included to assess the development of de novo migraine during IVF due to shifts in estradiol.

METHODS: A prospective cohort study of adult women undergoing an IVF cycle at the Weill Cornell Medicine Center for Reproductive Medicine (New York, NY) from 2020 to 2023 completed an initial health questionnaire and follow-up throughout an IVF cycle at three time points. Data collected included a measure of headache disability (Headache-Attributed Lost Time over the past 30 days [HALT-30]); psychological scales (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 item); and serum estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone levels.

RESULTS: Seventy-six participants completed all study time points, including 52 with migraine (18 with aura) and 24 controls. At each time point, the migraine group had higher total HALT-30 scores compared to controls. HALT-30 scores were 5.6 (confidence interval: 2.1 to 9.1) higher, on average, in the migraine group compared to the control group after controlling for time and the interaction between the two (p = 0.002). There were no statistically significant differences in HALT-30 scores over time when analyzing the migraine with aura and migraine without aura groups separately. However, in the combined model, with each week that passed, the HALT score increased, on average, by 0.09 in the migraine without aura group (p = 0.011). Despite the migraine group having greater headache-related disability scores at each time point, the level of disability as measured by the HALT-30 did not change over time throughout the IVF cycle. Serum estradiol levels peaked at the second time point in both groups without significant differences between groups. Participants with migraine consistently reported greater psychological distress (stress, anxiety, and depression) than controls across multiple time points. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 item stress scores decreased, on average, by 4 [interquartile range: -5, 0] points in the control group compared to 0 [interquartile range: -4, 4] points in the migraine group (p = 0.019) between the second and final time points.

CONCLUSION: This prospective cohort study demonstrated that women without migraine history maintained a low level of headache-related disability during IVF. It did demonstrate that women with history of migraine experienced elevated migraine disability during an IVF cycle; however, headache-related disability did not change over time, specifically between time point 2 and time point 3 when there is the largest change (peak-to-nadir) in estradiol levels post-ovulation trigger. This study highlights that the shifts in estradiol during an IVF cycle may not exacerbate headache-related disability beyond baseline in women with migraine. However, participants with migraine reported higher levels of psychological distress at different time points in three domains throughout the study-stress, anxiety, and depression-highlighting the importance of mental health support for women with migraine during an IVF cycle. Overall, this study found that participants maintained a low level of headache-related disability throughout the IVF cycle; however, this study cannot rule out the possibility of transient exacerbations in disability that were not captured by the HALT-30.

PMID:42175659 | DOI:10.1111/head.70111

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2026 Jun;35(6):e70398. doi: 10.1002/pds.70398.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) offer advantages over warfarin; however, concerns exist regarding their association with acute interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). This study investigated the risk of acute-onset ILDs associated with DOAC use.

METHODS: We conducted a case-crossover study to assess the risk of hospitalization for acute-onset ILDs following DOAC initiation using the JMDC database, a Japanese administrative claims database. Patients aged ≥ 18 years hospitalized for acute-onset ILDs (April 2011-February 2023) were included. DOAC exposure was defined as ≥ 14 days within predefined 30-day windows: 1-30 days before admission (exposure period) and 60-90 and 120-150 days before admission (reference periods). The primary outcome was hospitalizations for acute-onset ILD, identified using a validated algorithm. Conditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs). Sensitivity analyses included a bidirectional case-crossover design, a case-crossover analysis with warfarin as an active comparator, weighted case-crossover analysis, and a case-case-time-control design. A descriptive cohort analysis of new DOAC and warfarin users examined ILD frequency and prognosis.

RESULTS: The main case-crossover analysis included 178 patients, showing an association between DOAC use and acute-onset ILDs (adjusted OR, 4.44 [95% CI, 1.58-12.5]). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated a consistent direction of association (adjusted ORs: 3.37-6.85). In descriptive cohort analysis (52 021 DOAC and 12 026 warfarin initiators), ILD incidence was low (0.24% vs. 0.20%), but 90-day mortality was higher in the DOAC group (21% vs. 0%).

CONCLUSIONS: DOAC use was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for acute-onset ILDs. Clinicians should monitor patients on DOACs for ILD symptoms.

PMID:42175652 | DOI:10.1002/pds.70398

J Clin Lab Anal. 2026 May 22:e70249. doi: 10.1002/jcla.70249. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP) recently codified the AC-30 nuclear pattern, characterized by fine speckled nuclear texture and metaphase chromatin staining. Although formally recognized, its clinical significance remains unclear. Quantitative methods and objective outcome measures for characterizing AC-30 have not been established.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using archived HEp-2 ANA images. AC-30 was defined by unanimous scoring from three blinded experts. AC-1 and AC-2 served as comparator sets. Clinical diagnoses and serological data were retrieved from hospital records. Pixel classification was performed using ilastik, and per-nucleus intensity features were extracted with CellProfiler. Image-level separation was assessed by partitioning nuclei into high- and low-intensity groups via Isolation Forest. Statistical comparisons used Welch’s t-tests and Spearman’s rank correlation.

RESULTS: The AC-30 group included 183 images (AC-1, n = 183; AC-2, n = 207). Within AC-30, 57.4% had non-AID or unknown diagnoses, 26.8% had other autoimmune diseases, and 15.8% had ANA-associated rheumatic disease (AARD). In ENA-negative AC-30, AARD accounted for 7.7% (6/78), compared to 18.3% (21/115) in ENA-negative AC-2. RA accounted for 16.9% (31/183) in AC-30, consistent across ENA strata. AC-30 displayed lower per-nucleus intensities than AC-2 (all p < 0.0001) and reduced per-image ΔMaxIntensity (0.177 vs. 0.252, p < 0.0001), while ΔMeanIntensity was similar (0.068 vs. 0.067, p = 0.549).

CONCLUSIONS: AC-30 is quantitatively dimmer than AC-2, with reduced nuclear brightness and peak-intensity separation. In this retrospective cohort, ENA-negative AC-30 was associated with fewer AARD cases. RA accounted for ~17% of AC-30, and anti-CCP and RF remained informative markers. The ilastik-CellProfiler workflow enables auditable ANA quantification.

PMID:42175642 | DOI:10.1002/jcla.70249

Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2026 May 22:1-14. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2026.2675511. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a fundamental tool of metabolomics, valued for its reproducibility, quantitative accuracy and broad applicability across biological, chemical and clinical sciences. However, methodological inconsistencies, insufficient protocol reporting and limited infrastructure continue to hinder reproducibility and data sharing. To assess the current state of NMR metabolomics practice, we developed a comprehensive questionnaire and distributed it worldwide to researchers engaged in NMR-based metabolomics. We received 75 responses from a diverse cohort of investigators from academia, clinics and core facilities. The survey focused on Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) practices and provides an overview of the current status of NMR metabolomics and its implementation. Results reveal that while 86% of laboratories have Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), deviations from these protocols are common and often undocumented, undermining reproducibility. QC practices, including pooled samples and system suitability checks, are widely recognized, but their implementation is inconsistent. Data accessibility remains limited, with fewer than 10% of respondents routinely depositing raw or processed spectral data in public repositories. Formal regulatory oversight and dedicated QA personnel are uncommon. Training is largely informal, with substantial gaps in areas such as data analysis and statistics, raising concerns about knowledge transfer and methodological consistency. Our findings describe a technically skilled community that is constrained by variations in NMR infrastructure and inconsistent implementation of best practices. Addressing these issues through adaptive standardization, structured training programs, and stronger institutional support is critical for advancing transparency, reproducibility and impact of NMR in metabolomics.

PMID:42175625 | DOI:10.1080/10408347.2026.2675511

Psychooncology. 2026 May;35(5):e70490. doi: 10.1002/pon.70490.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Immune-checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used in advanced cancers and can be associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

AIMS: This study examined the association between anxiety and depression, irAEs, and overall survival in a national cohort of ICI-treated cancer survivors.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from 8671 2-year survivors following ICI treatment with advanced melanoma, lung, colorectal, head and neck, and bladder cancers from a nationwide de-identified electronic health record-derived database. Bivariate tests, Kaplan-Meier curves, and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted using R.

RESULTS: The majority (79%, N = 6820) did not have irAEs, anxiety, or depression. The landmark analysis observed that accounting for covariates, irAEs were associated with anxiety or depression (aOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.06, p < 0.001) in the first 2 years after ICIs. Female sex (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.73, p < 0.001), poorer functional status (ECOG = 2: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.04, p = 0.022), Medicaid coverage (aOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.18, p = 0.016), and being seen in an academic practice setting (aOR: 3.62, 95% CI: 3.02, 4.35, p < 0.001) were associated with greater odds of anxiety/depression diagnoses compared with male sex, ECOG = 0, Medicare, and community practice settings. Non-white survivors who experienced an irAE had lower odds of experiencing anxiety/depression (aOR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.46, p < 0.001) compared with White survivors.

CONCLUSIONS: Few studies have examined the relationship between anxiety and depression and irAEs in a national sample. Findings have implications for survivorship quality of life and integrated mental health care delivery.

PMID:42175622 | DOI:10.1002/pon.70490

J Nurs Manag. 2026;2026(1):e5593996. doi: 10.1155/jonm/5593996.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of science and technology, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of healthcare is becoming increasingly widespread. As the executors and responsible persons of nursing work, nurses’ understanding and attitude toward AI technology determine whether AI can be deeply integrated and successfully applied in the field of nursing.

AIMS: To investigate nurses’ negative and positive attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence and influencing factors, explore the mediating effect of artificial intelligence literacy and anxiety between hospital hierarchy differences and negative and positive attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence, and provide basis for improving nurses’ attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence.

METHODS: In November 2025, the convenience sample of 436 nurses from different hospitals in Shandong Province was surveyed. Data were collected using the general information questionnaire, the attitude scale toward the use of artificial intelligence technologies in nursing, the artificial intelligence anxiety scale, and the artificial intelligence literacy scale. Multiple linear regression analyzed the influencing factors of nurses’ negative and positive attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence. Mediation analyses explored the mediating effect of artificial intelligence literacy and anxiety between the hospital hierarchy differences of nurses and their negative and positive attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence.

RESULTS: The score of negative attitude was 14.55 ± 6.63, and the score of positive attitude was 38.21 ± 3.87. Artificial intelligence literacy and anxiety partially mediated the relationship between hospital hierarchy differences and the negative and positive attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence, with the total mediating effects being 3.067 and -1.011, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Hospital hierarchy differences could directly positively predict the negative and positive attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence and could also indirectly positively predict the negative attitude toward the use of artificial intelligence through mediation by artificial intelligence literacy and anxiety and negatively predict the positive attitude toward the use of artificial intelligence.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Providing personalized artificial intelligence training based on the needs of hospitals could improve nurses’ attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence, increase their artificial intelligence literacy, and reduce their anxiety.

PMID:42175619 | DOI:10.1155/jonm/5593996

Nurs Open. 2026 May;13(5):e70590. doi: 10.1002/nop2.70590.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate the current status of discharge readiness in post-surgical patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) and analyse the influencing factors.

DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey.

METHODS: The study was conducted on 99 postoperative patients with OSAHS who were hospitalised in our department from October 2022 to November 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Discharge Readiness Scale, the Chinese version of the Discharge Guidance Quality Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale.

RESULTS: The total score for discharge readiness in OSAHS post-surgical patients was 98.63 ± 9.08, with the highest scores in the dimensions of adaptive capacity (8.38 ± 0.77), anticipatory support (8.34 ± 1.21) and personal status (7.80 ± 1.10). Factors influencing discharge readiness scores included living arrangements, quality of discharge guidance, educational level and social support.

PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: On the day of discharge, OSAHS post-surgical patients fill in the questionnaire required by our study under the premise of informed consent.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) identifier: ChiCTR2600122402.

PMID:42175597 | DOI:10.1002/nop2.70590