Tag: pubmed

Int Endod J. 2023 Feb 6. doi: 10.1111/iej.13902. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The purpose of this case-control study was to compare the prevalence of Apical Periodontitis (AP) in patients affected by Autoimmune Disorders (AD) [Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and Psoriasis (Ps)] with the prevalence of AP in subjects without AD. The prevalences of AP in patients taking biologic medications, conventional medications and no medication were also compared.

METHODOLOGY: 89 patients (2,145 teeth) with AD were investigated and the control group included 89 patients (2,329 teeth) with no systemic diseases. Full dental panoramic tomograms were used to determine the periapical status of the teeth. Additional variables investigated included patient’s socio-demographic characteristics, medications taken by AD patients, the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between AD and AP. P-values lower than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

RESULTS: The prevalence of AP was 89.9% in AD patients and 74.2% in control subjects (odds ratio [OR]=3.75, p=0.015). The DMFT score was found to be significantly higher in the AD group (p=0.004). Patients with RA had the highest risk of being affected by AP, whereas those with IBD had the lowest risk. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the teeth of AD patients who were not taking any medication or were being treated with biologic Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (bDMARDs) had a higher risk of being affected by AP than did the teeth of the control subjects (OR=1.42 and OR=2.03 respectively; p=0.010). The teeth of patients taking conventional DMARDs (cDMARDs) were less affected by AP compared with those of patients taking bDMARDs.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AD, whether treated or not with biologic medications, showed a higher prevalence of AP than did those in the control group. The DMFT index score, which was higher in AD patients compared with controls was identified as a significant predictor of AP prevalence.

PMID:36747086 | DOI:10.1111/iej.13902

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2098. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29391-5.

ABSTRACT

The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the dimensions of the maxillary sinuses (MSs) and various cephalometric parameters. MS volume (MSV), MS surface (MSS), linear maximum depth (LMD), linear maximum width (LMW), and linear maximum height (LMH) were calculated on CBCT scans of 99 adults. Two sets of two-way (ANOVA) assessed the influence respectively of ANB and SNA angles and of the gender on MS dimensions. Pearson’s correlation was calculated between MS dimensions and different cephalometric variables. Reliability and accuracy of the proposed method was tested with intra-operator and inter-operator intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Two-way ANOVA showed no statistically significant difference in MSV, MSS and LMH between ANB groups, whilst males were associated with bigger sinuses. LMW showed statistically significant difference in both ANB and gender groups. LMD showed no statistically significant difference. The second Two-way ANOVA showed significantly larger MSV, MSS and LMD in patients with increased or reduced SNA angle but not between genders. LMW and LMH also showed a significant difference between genders. All linear measurements showed a significant interaction of the two factors. The intra-observer and inter-observer ICC scored high for all the tested measurements. MSV and MSS showed a positive correlation with S-N, PNS-A, S-Go, N-Me, N-Ans and the distance between Mx points. LMW had a negative correlation with Ba-S-N angle and N-Me, LMH with Ba-S-N angle, S-Go and Mx r-Mx l and LMD with N-Me and N-ANS. LMW had a positive correlation with Mx r-Mx l, LMH with S-N, S-N^Ans-Pns, N-Me, N-Ans and LMD with S-N, Ba-S-N, PNS-A, S-Go and distance between Mx points. In conclusion, MSV and MSS did not differ between the three skeletal classes, males showed significantly larger MS than in females. Concerning the influence of the cranio-maxillary relationship (SNA) and gender on MS dimension, subjects with a retrusion (SNA < 80°) or protusion (SNA > 84°) of the maxillary alveolar bone had larger MSV, MSS, LMW, LMH and LMD than subjects with a normal cranio-maxillary relationship (SNA 82 ± 2°). A statistically significant high positive correlation was observed between S-N, Pns-A, S-Go, Mx-R/Mx-r and MS dimension. Further studies that evaluate similar outcomes in different races may be able to enrich our knowledge on this topic.

PMID:36747077 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-29391-5

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2117. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29102-0.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:36747076 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-29102-0

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2088. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28965-7.

ABSTRACT

In this study, we investigate how an organism’s codon usage bias can serve as a predictor and classifier of various genomic and evolutionary traits across the domains of life. We perform secondary analysis of existing genetic datasets to build several AI/machine learning models. When trained on codon usage patterns of nearly 13,000 organisms, our models accurately predict the organelle of origin and taxonomic identity of nucleotide samples. We extend our analysis to identify the most influential codons for phylogenetic prediction with a custom feature ranking ensemble. Our results suggest that the genetic code can be utilized to train accurate classifiers of taxonomic and phylogenetic features. We then apply this classification framework to open reading frame (ORF) detection. Our statistical model assesses all possible ORFs in a nucleotide sample and rejects or deems them plausible based on the codon usage distribution. Our dataset and analyses are made publicly available on GitHub and the UCI ML Repository to facilitate open-source reproducibility and community engagement.

PMID:36747072 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-28965-7

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2095. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28855-y.

ABSTRACT

Satellite clock bias is the key factor affecting the accuracy of the single point positioning of a global navigation satellite system. The traditional model back propagation (BP) neural network is prone to local optimum problems. This paper presents a prediction model and algorithm for the clock bias of the BP neural network based on the optimization of the mind evolutionary algorithm (MEA), which is used to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network. The accuracy of the comparison between clock bias data is verified with and without one-time difference processing. Compared with grey model (GM (1,1)) and BP neural network, this paper discusses the advantages and general applicability of this method from different constellation satellites, different atomic clock type satellites, and the amount of modeling data. The accuracy of the grey model (GM(1,1)), BP, and MEA-BP models for satellite clock bias prediction is analyzed and the root mean square error, range difference error, and the mean of the clock bias data compared. The results demonstrate that the prediction accuracy of the three satellites significantly increased after one-time difference processing and that they have good stability. The prediction accuracy of four sessions of 2 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h obtained using the MEA-BP model was better than 0.74, 0.80, 1.12, and 0.87 ns, respectively. The MEA-BP model has a specific degree of improvement in the prediction accuracy of the different sessions. Additionally, the prediction accuracy of different models has a specific relationship with the length of the original modeling sequence, of which BP model is the most affected, and MEABP is relatively less affected by the length of the modeling sequence, indicating that the MEA-BP model has strong anti-interference ability.

PMID:36747070 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-28855-y

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2108. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28973-7.

ABSTRACT

The effects of the curvature parameters on the energy eigenvalues and thermodynamic properties of quantum pseudoharmonic oscillator are investigated within the framework of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. By employing Nikiforov-Uvarov method, the energy spectra are obtained and used to study the ordinary statistics and q-deformed superstatistics as a function of temperature in the presence and absence of the curvature parameters. It is shown that the q-deformed supertatistics properties of the quantum pseudoharmonic oscillator reduce to the ordinary statistical properties in the absence of the deformation parameter. Finally, our results are illustrated graphically to show the behaviour of the energy spectra and thermodynamic properties for the three curvature parameters:[Formula: see text].

PMID:36747069 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-28973-7

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2105. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28785-9.

ABSTRACT

Protein-ligand docking is a computational method for identifying drug leads. The method is capable of narrowing a vast library of compounds down to a tractable size for downstream simulation or experimental testing and is widely used in drug discovery. While there has been progress in accelerating scoring of compounds with artificial intelligence, few works have bridged these successes back to the virtual screening community in terms of utility and forward-looking development. We demonstrate the power of high-speed ML models by scoring 1 billion molecules in under a day (50 k predictions per GPU seconds). We showcase a workflow for docking utilizing surrogate AI-based models as a pre-filter to a standard docking workflow. Our workflow is ten times faster at screening a library of compounds than the standard technique, with an error rate less than 0.01% of detecting the underlying best scoring 0.1% of compounds. Our analysis of the speedup explains that another order of magnitude speedup must come from model accuracy rather than computing speed. In order to drive another order of magnitude of acceleration, we share a benchmark dataset consisting of 200 million 3D complex structures and 2D structure scores across a consistent set of 13 million “in-stock” molecules over 15 receptors, or binding sites, across the SARS-CoV-2 proteome. We believe this is strong evidence for the community to begin focusing on improving the accuracy of surrogate models to improve the ability to screen massive compound libraries 100 × or even 1000 × faster than current techniques and reduce missing top hits. The technique outlined aims to be a fast drop-in replacement for docking for screening billion-scale molecular libraries.

PMID:36747041 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-28785-9

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2131. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29373-7.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus, detect the spatio-temporal patterns of scrub typhus at county level, and explore the associations between the environmental variables and scrub typhus cases in Anhui Province. Time-series analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and space-time scan statistics were used to explore the characteristics and spatiotemporal patterns of the scrub typhus in Anhui Province. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to explore the association between scrub typhus and environmental variables. A total of 16,568 clinically diagnosed and laboratory-confirmed cases were reported from 104 counties of 16 prefecture-level cities. The number of female cases was higher than male cases, with a proportion of 1.32:1. And the proportion of cases over 65 years old was the highest, accounting for 33.8% of the total cases. Two primary and five secondary high-risk clusters were detected in the northwestern, northeastern, and central-eastern parts of Anhui Province. The number of cases in primary and secondary high-risk clusters accounted for 60.27% and 3.00%, respectively. Scrub typhus incidence in Anhui Province was positively correlated with the population density, normalized difference vegetation index, and several meteorological variables. The mean monthly sunshine duration with 3 lags (SSD_lag3), mean monthly ground surface temperature with 1 lag (GST_lag1), and mean monthly relative humidity with 3 lags (RHU_lag3) had the most significant association with increased cases of scrub typhus. Our findings indicate that public health interventions need to be focused on the elderly farmers in north of the Huai River in Anhui Province.

PMID:36747027 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-29373-7

Eur J Hum Genet. 2023 Feb 7. doi: 10.1038/s41431-023-01307-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Haploinsufficiency of TRIP12 causes a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability associated with epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder and dysmorphic features, also named Clark-Baraitser syndrome. Only a limited number of cases have been reported to date. We aimed to further delineate the TRIP12-associated phenotype and objectify characteristic facial traits through GestaltMatcher image analysis based on deep-learning algorithms in order to establish a TRIP12 gestalt. 38 individuals between 3 and 66 years (F = 20, M = 18) – 1 previously published and 37 novel individuals – were recruited through an ERN ITHACA call for collaboration. 35 TRIP12 variants were identified, including frameshift (n = 15) and nonsense (n = 6) variants, as well as missense (n = 5) and splice (n = 3) variants, intragenic deletions (n = 4) and two multigene deletions disrupting TRIP12. Though variable in severity, global developmental delay was noted in all individuals, with language deficit most pronounced. About half showed autistic features and susceptibility to obesity seemed inherent to this disorder. A more severe expression was noted in individuals with a missense variant. Facial analysis showed a clear gestalt including deep-set eyes with narrow palpebral fissures and fullness of the upper eyelids, downturned corners of the mouth and large, often low-set ears with prominent earlobes. We report the largest cohort to date of individuals with TRIP12 variants, further delineating the associated phenotype and introducing a facial gestalt. These findings will improve future counseling and patient guidance.

PMID:36747006 | DOI:10.1038/s41431-023-01307-x

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 6;13(1):2127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28724-8.

ABSTRACT

As a specific predictor of ovarian reserve, serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has become an area of intense research interest in the field of assisted reproductive technology. We assessed the relationship between AMH levels and pregnancy outcomes in Chinese patients and investigate the influencing factors of cumulative live birth in patients with high AMH levels. A total of 1379 patients starting their IVF/ICSI cycle were divided into normal (Group A, 1.1-4.0 ng/ml, n = 639) and high (Group B, > 4.0 ng/ml, n = 740) groups by serum AMH levels. Live birth rate (LBR), cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) and cumulative clinical pregnancy rate (CCPR) were also investigated. Compared with Group A, Group B had a significantly higher CLBR (65.80% vs. 43.95%) and CCPR (76.77% vs. 57.14%), respectively. Binomial logistic regression analysis showed that age over 40 years, LH/FSH > 2.5, total Gn dose and Gn duration, and greater than 4000 ng/ml serum E2 levels on HCG day were significantly associated with CLBR in Group B. The AUC value of CLBR averaged 0.664 (ranging from 0.621 to 0.706) (p < 0.001). The patients with high AMH levels had higher CPR, higher LBR, and lower MR with no statistically significant differences, although there were significant improvements in CLBR. Advanced age (> 40 years) still impacted CLBR, even in women with good ovarian reserves. Consequently, it is still recommended that patients over 40 years old with high AMH levels actively receive IVF treatment if they seek to become pregnant. PCOS diagnoses did not influence the CLBR. In summary, this study showed that serum AMH levels could positively predict patient ovarian responses and further affect pregnancy outcomes.

PMID:36746984 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-28724-8