Tag: pubmed

J Prosthodont. 2024 Aug 31. doi: 10.1111/jopr.13934. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of mechanical roughening, adhesive applications, and aging on the bonding between CAD-CAM denture base materials with distinct chemical contents and hard relining material.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 300 denture base specimens were produced by additive, subtractive, and conventional heat-polymerization techniques (N = 100). The specimens have been classified into five subgroups based on the particular surface treatments administered (n = 20): (1) Hard relining material’s adhesive application (control); (2) Tungsten carbide bur application for 1 min, and hard reline material’s adhesive application; (3) Airborne-particle abrasion (APA) with 110 μm Al₂O₃, and hard reline material’s adhesive application; (4) Scotchbond Universal application; and (5) Visio.link application. Representative specimens from each subgroup were examined under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Subsequently, self-cure hard relining material was condensed in the center of the specimens. Half of the specimens were thermally aged with 5000 cycles at 5°C-55°C. The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed, and failure loads were recorded. The data was evaluated by Robust ANOVA and Bonferroni test (p < 0.05).

RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was obtained between the production techniques (p = 0.051). The lowest SBS was observed in the control group among surface treatments, while mechanical surface treatments and universal adhesive showed the highest SBS for both aged and non-aged groups. Aging caused a significant decrease for all test groups (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical surface treatments and universal adhesive applications are more effective for maintaining adhesion across all production techniques.

PMID:39215615 | DOI:10.1111/jopr.13934

J Magn Reson Imaging. 2024 Aug 31. doi: 10.1002/jmri.29568. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities in resting-state functional brain activity have been detected in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The results of individual neuroimaging studies of TLE, however, are frequently inconsistent due to small and heterogeneous samples, analytical flexibility, and publication bias toward positive findings.

PURPOSE: To investigate the most consistent regions of resting-state functional brain activity abnormality in patients with TLE through a quantitative meta-analysis of published neuroimaging data.

STUDY TYPE: Meta-analysis.

SUBJECTS: Exactly 1474 TLE patients (716 males and 758 females) from 31 studies on resting-state functional brain activity were included in this study.

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: Studies utilizing 1.5 T or 3 T MR scanners were included for meta-analysis. Resting-state functional MRI using gradient echo-planar imaging, T1-weighted imaging.

ASSESSMENT: PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases were searched to identify studies investigating amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) at the whole-brain level between patients with TLE and healthy controls (HCs).

STATISTICAL TESTS: Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images, standard randomization tests and meta-regression analysis were used. Results were significant if P < 0.05 with family-wise error corrected.

RESULTS: Patients with TLE displayed resting-state functional brain activity which was a significant increase in the right hippocampus, and significant decrease in the right angular gurus and right precuneus. Additionally, the meta-regression analysis demonstrated that age (P = 0.231), sex distribution (P = 0.376), and illness duration (P = 0.184), did not show significant associations with resting state functional brain activity in patients with TLE.

DATA CONCLUSION: Common alteration patterns of spontaneous brain activity were identified in the right hippocampus and default-model network regions in patients with TLE. These findings may contribute to understanding of the underlying mechanism for potentially effective intervention of TLE.

TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: Stage 2.

PMID:39215606 | DOI:10.1002/jmri.29568

Eur Heart J. 2024 Aug 31:ehae602. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae602. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Circulating proenkephalin (PENK) is a stable endogenous polypeptide with fast response to glomerular dysfunction and tubular damage. This study examined the predictive value of PENK for renal outcomes and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

METHODS: Proenkephalin was measured in plasma in a prospective multicentre ACS cohort from Switzerland (n=4787) and in validation cohorts from the UK (n=1141), Czechia (n=927), and Germany (n=220). A biomarker-enhanced risk score (KID-ACS score) for simultaneous prediction of in-hospital acute kidney injury (AKI) and 30-day mortality was derived and externally validated.

RESULTS: On multivariable adjustment for established risk factors, circulating PENK remained associated with in-hospital AKI (per log2 increase: adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-2.09, P=0.007) and 30-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.73, 95% CI 1.85-4.02, P<0.001). The KID-ACS score integrates PENK and showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.72 (95% CI 0.68-0.76) for in-hospital AKI, and of 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.95) for 30-day mortality in the derivation cohort. Upon external validation, KID-ACS achieved similarly high performance for in-hospital AKI (Zurich: AUC 0.73, 95% CI 0.70-0.77; Czechia: AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.68-0.81; Germany: AUC 0.71, 95% CI 0.55-0.87) and 30-day mortality (UK: AUC 0.87, 95% CI 0.83-0.91; Czechia: AUC 0.91, 95% CI 0.87-0.94; Germany: AUC 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-1.00) outperforming the CA-AKI score and the GRACE 2.0 score, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Circulating PENK offers incremental value for predicting in-hospital AKI and mortality in ACS. The simple 6-item KID-ACS risk score integrates PENK and provides a novel tool for simultaneous assessment of renal and mortality risk in patients with ACS.

PMID:39215600 | DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae602

Eur J Pain. 2024 Aug 31. doi: 10.1002/ejp.4719. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sensory profiling in neuropathic pain using quantitative sensory testing (QST) has not been extended to central neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury (SCI). This study aims to fill this gap by evaluating sensory profiles in patients with neuropathic SCI pain.

METHOD: We retrospectively analysed consecutive QST data from 62 patients with neuropathic spinal cord injury pain (SCIP), following the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain protocol. The study included at-level and below-level SCIP due to a spinal cord lesion, and at-level SCIP following a cauda equina lesion. QST parameters were compared between diagnostic groups. QST profiles of below-level SCIP (central neuropathic pain) were manually assigned to sensory phenotypes based on literature and expert opinion.

RESULTS: No statistical difference in QST parameters between pain diagnoses was found. For central neuropathic pain (below-level SCIP), three phenotypes were descriptively observed: loss of function (59%), thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia combination (16%), and mechanical hyperalgesia (19%). The remaining 5% of patients did not fit a common pattern. There was no statistical difference in clinical and psychological variables between phenotypes. In a subgroup analysis, the loss of function phenotype weakly correlated with older age, longer time since injury, and longer pain duration.

CONCLUSIONS: Here, we capture sensory phenotypes of central neuropathic pain following SCI. The limited sample size, high rate of missing values, and the retrospective nature of the study mean that results should be seen as strictly exploratory. Further research should replicate these findings and explore the significance of phenotypes.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The evaluation of sensory phenotypes by quantitative sensory testing in central neuropathic pain due to SCI adds a new perspective on sensory phenotypes in comparison to peripheral neuropathic pain. The described thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia combination might represent involvement of the spinothalamic tract. In addition, there was a trend towards older age and longer time since injury in patients with loss of function.

PMID:39215588 | DOI:10.1002/ejp.4719

J Sep Sci. 2024 Sep;47(17):e2400421. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202400421.

ABSTRACT

Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SGD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been proven to have a good liver protection effect, but the mechanism and pharmacodynamic substances of SGD in the treatment of acute liver injury are still unclear. In this study, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) method was established to characterize 107 chemical components of SGD and 12 compounds absorbed in rat plasma samples after oral administration of SGD. Network pharmacology was applied to construct a component-target-pathway network to screen the possible effective components of SGD in acute liver injury. Using lipidomics based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS coupled with a variety of statistical analyses, 20 lipid biomarkers were screened and identified, suggesting that the improvement of acute liver injury by SGD was involved in cholesterol metabolism, glycerol-phospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid signaling pathways and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, the UHPLC-tandem MS method was established for pharmacokinetics analysis, and 10 potential active components were determined simultaneously within 12 min through the optimization of 0.1% formic acid water and acetonitrile as a mobile phase system. A Pharmacokinetics study showed that paeoniflorin, albiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritin, ononin, formononetin, glycyrrhizic acid, and glycyrrhetinic acid as the potential active compounds of SGD curing acute liver injury.

PMID:39215583 | DOI:10.1002/jssc.202400421

Clin Exp Dermatol. 2024 Aug 31:llae363. doi: 10.1093/ced/llae363. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA) is a rare disorder primarily observed in Asian populations, particularly in Japan. Although pulse methylprednisolone therapy is an effective treatment for AIGA, predictors of therapeutic response remain poorly defined.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to identify factors that predict the efficacy of pulse methylprednisolone therapy in patients with AIGA.

METHODS: Data obtained from 32 patients with AIGA were assessed based on clinical, histopathological, and serological examinations. Statistical analyses were conducted to explore predictors of response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy.

RESULTS: The average age of participants was 32.1 years (SD = 12.3), with a male predominance (66%). Response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy was closely associated with the time from the onset to start of therapy (Wilcoxson’s rank sum test, p = 0.016, n = 27), with earlier intervention resulting in better outcome. Notably, males and patients presenting with severe symptoms at diagnosis responded better to treatment. High serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and histological evidence of inflammation around sweat glands also correlated with a positive therapeutic response.

CONCLUSIONS: Earlier intervention, elevated serum CEA levels, and inflammation around sweat glands are potential indicators of successful response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy in patients with AIGA.

PMID:39215567 | DOI:10.1093/ced/llae363

Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2024 Aug 31. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.14200. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dosage (LEDD) calculation algorithms help in capturing and harmonization of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) therapies. Analyzing these updates is essential for validating their effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE: To assess updated LEDD conversion factors in capturing the newer therapies in PD and therapy modules in different geographical cohorts.

METHODS: Data were sourced from 10 Centers from 6 countries representing 2 different continents. The study compared the LEDD conversion factors proposed by Tomlinson et al and Jost et al, alongside investigating demographic disparities.

RESULTS: The analysis involved 2943 subjects; 87% (n = 2577) met the UK Brain Bank criteria for PD. The LEDD differed significantly across methodologies (Tomlinson vs. Jost, 598 mg vs 610 mg, P < 0.0001). Geographical disparities highlighted variations in PD onset age (P < 0.0001). Jost and Tomlinson’s calculations demonstrated consistency within but significant differences across countries (P < 0.0001).Age at onset revealed statistically significant differences in LEDD requirements (P < 0.0001), which were particularly higher in 21-50 years (718 mg vs 566 mg). This subgroup also demonstrated increased usage of non-Levodopa therapies (P < 0.0001). Men exhibited higher total LEDD (P = 0.001). 34% reported dyskinesia, associated with higher LEDD (756 mg, P < 0.0001). Surgically treated patients also had higher LEDD (P < 0.0001) and a significant difference between Jost and Tomlinson dosages (761 mg vs716mg) reflecting the incorporation of newer therapeutic molecules.

CONCLUSION: This analysis delineates the importance of updated LEDD algorithms and intricacies in the landscape of PD treatment, underscored by geographical, age-related, and gender-specific variations, in real-life management scenarios.

PMID:39215556 | DOI:10.1002/mdc3.14200

Allergy. 2024 Aug 31. doi: 10.1111/all.16306. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:39215541 | DOI:10.1111/all.16306

Anat Histol Embryol. 2024 Sep;53(5):e13105. doi: 10.1111/ahe.13105.

ABSTRACT

The skull is a complex, vital structure made up of many bones. It has been observed that studies on skulls help to determine species and sex. In recent years, craniometric studies have been frequently used to determine morphometric features in animals. In our study, 150 skulls were studied, 50 from the second trimester (25 males and 25 females), 50 from the third trimester (25 males and 25 females), and 50 from the third and fourth week after birth (25 males and 25 females). The skulls were sectioned by computerised tomography and stored in DICOM format. From the images, nine different measurements and five index calculations were made. The similarities and differences between species were determined by ignoring sex differences. Correlation analyses were performed to compare measurement parameters between animal species. In addition, the results of statistical analyses between sexes were evaluated without species distinction. SL, CW and ICI parameters were highly statistically significant between measurements in the second trimester, third trimester and postnatal group (p < 0.01). In the third trimester, the EHC measurement parameter was found to be highly significant between males and female (p < 0.01). In Table 5, the CL parameter was positively correlated with CW, IHC, EHC, ILC, ELC, FMW and FMH. There are very few studies on foetal development. It is predicted that the data obtained can be used in zoo-archaeology, anatomy, surgery and forensic medicine. In addition, radiographic determination of craniometric features will help in the treatment and prognosis of diseases.

PMID:39215528 | DOI:10.1111/ahe.13105

Nutr Health. 2024 Aug 31:2601060241273570. doi: 10.1177/02601060241273570. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

STUDY PURPOSE: this study aims to analyze QOL and psychosocial impact on patients with blood disorders.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design is adopted in this study. The survey questionnaire included SF-36 form for measuring quality of life (QOL), along with psychosocial impact assessment scale. Adult patients with different types of blood disorders were recruited for the survey. Out of the 417 responses received, 389 were considered for data analysis and the remaining were avoided due to incomplete data.

RESULTS: In terms of psychosocial impact scales, the highest mean is observed for financial stress (4.09 ± 1.22), followed by social exclusion (3.76 ± 1.19) and relationship challenges (3.31 ± 1.18). Among the QOL scales, the highest mean was observed for pain (3.81 ± 1.17), followed by physical functioning (3.68 ± 1.12). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the participants groups characterized by age and type of disorder. Strong positive correlations between social exclusion and general health (r = 0.513), as well as pain and relationship challenges (r = 0.735) were observed.

CONCLUSION: Given the existing challenges in social exclusion, poor awareness, and support there is a need to develop comprehensive and personalized treatment plans integrating physical and mental support, awareness creation, and financial support.

PMID:39215525 | DOI:10.1177/02601060241273570