Tag: pubmed

World J Clin Cases. 2023 Nov 26;11(33):7980-7986. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i33.7980.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common psychological disease among puerperal women, and postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction is a common disease among pregnant women. The occurrence of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction will increase the incidence of PPD.

AIM: To explore the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing combined with electrical stimulation of pelvic floor muscles and the rectus abdominis on PPD.

METHODS: From April 2020 to January 2022, 100 parturients with a rectus abdominis muscle separation distance > 2.0 cm who underwent reexamination 6 wk after delivery at our hospital were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into either an observation group (n = 50) or a control group (n = 50). There was no significant difference in the general data between the two groups (P > 0.05). Both groups were treated by electrical stimulation. The observation group was additionally treated by integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing. A self-designed Depression Knowledge Questionnaire was used to evaluate the awareness of knowledge on depression in all patients 3 wk after intervention. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the depression before intervention and 1 wk and 3 wk after intervention, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used to evaluate the medication compliance. SPSS19.0 was used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS: The rate of awareness of knowledge on depression in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The scores of MMAS-8 were comparable between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05), but were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group at 1 wk and 3 wk after intervention (P < 0.05). The HAMD scores were comparable between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05), but were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 1 wk and 3 wk after intervention (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing combined with electrical stimulation of pelvic floor muscles and the rectus abdominis is effective in the treatment of postpartum depression and worthy of clinical promotion.

PMID:38075581 | PMC:PMC10698394 | DOI:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i33.7980

World J Clin Cases. 2023 Nov 26;11(33):8003-8012. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i33.8003.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The recovery time of hand wounds is long, which can easily result in chronic and refractory wounds, making the wounds unable to be properly repaired. The treatment cycle is long, the cost is high, and it is prone to recurrence and disability. Double layer artificial dermis combined with autologous skin transplantation has been used to repair hypertrophic scars, deep burn wounds, exposed bone and tendon wounds, and post tumor wounds.

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of autologous skin graft transplantation in conjunction with double-layer artificial dermis in treating finger skin wounds that are chronically refractory and soft tissue defects that expose bone and tendon.

METHODS: Sixty-eight chronic refractory patients with finger skin and soft tissue defects accompanied by bone and tendon exposure who were admitted from July 2021 to June 2022 were included in this study. The observation group was treated with double layer artificial dermis combined with autologous skin graft transplantation (n = 49), while the control group was treated with pedicle skin flap transplantation (n = 17). The treatment status of the two groups of patients was compared, including the time between surgeries and hospital stay. The survival rate of skin grafts/flaps and postoperative wound infections were evaluated using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) for scar scoring at 6 mo after surgery, as well as the sensory injury grading method and two-point resolution test to assess the recovery of skin sensation at 6 mo. The satisfaction of the two groups of patients was also compared.

RESULTS: Wound healing time in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group (P < 0.05, 27.92 ± 3.25 d vs 19.68 ± 6.91 d); there was no significant difference in the survival rate of skin grafts/flaps between the two patient groups (P > 0.05, 95.1 ± 5.0 vs 96.3 ± 5.6). The interval between two surgeries (20.0 ± 4.3 d) and hospital stay (21.0 ± 10.1 d) in the observation group were both significantly shorter than those in the control group (27.5 ± 9.3 d) and (28.4 ± 17.7 d), respectively (P < 0.05). In comparison to postoperative infection (23.5%) and subcutaneous hematoma (11.8%) in the control group, these were considerably lower at (10.2%) and (6.1%) in the observation group. When comparing the two patient groups at six months post-surgery, the excellent and good rate of sensory recovery (91.8%) was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (76.5%) (P < 0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference in two point resolution (P > 0.05). The VSS score in the observation group (2.91 ± 1.36) was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.96 ± 1.51), and group satisfaction was significantly higher (P < 0.05, 90.1 ± 6.3 vs 76.3 ± 5.2).

CONCLUSION: The combination of artificial dermis and autologous skin grafting for the treatment of hand tendon exposure wounds has a satisfactory therapeutic effect. It is a safe, effective, and easy to operate treatment method, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

PMID:38075574 | PMC:PMC10698399 | DOI:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i33.8003

J Endocr Soc. 2023 Nov 27;8(1):bvad148. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvad148. eCollection 2023 Dec 1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although thyroid eye disease (TED) can impact social and psychological well-being, the epidemiological evidence of TED is lacking in Japan.

METHODS: Nationwide claims databases provided by JMDC Inc. and Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd. and national population statistics are used. Three TED definitions ranging from a strict definition only including a TED diagnosis to a broad definition including a TED diagnosis and considering ocular symptoms are considered. The proportion of patients by severity and disease activity are estimated based on definitions that would allow identification of those patients within the claims data.

RESULTS: The incidence rate per 100 000 person-years ranged from 7.3 to 11.1 for the strict and broad TED definitions, respectively. For fiscal year 2020 (April 2020 to March 2021) the prevalence rate ranged between 24.65 (strict TED) and 37.58 (broad TED) per 100 000 persons. These correspond to 25 383 and 38 697 patients for the strict and broad TED definitions, respectively. Regardless of the definition used, a predominance of female patients was observed, and the highest burden of the disease was seen in the age group of 35 to 59. Mild and inactive forms of TED were predominant (about 85% and 74%, respectively).

CONCLUSION: The incidence and prevalence of TED in Japan were 7.3 to 11.1 per 100 000 person-years and 24.65 to 37.58 per 100 000 persons, respectively. The robust results of this database study add valuable real-world evidence on the incidence and prevalence of TED in Japan.

PMID:38075564 | PMC:PMC10701629 | DOI:10.1210/jendso/bvad148

J Endocr Soc. 2023 Nov 28;8(1):bvad145. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvad145. eCollection 2023 Dec 1.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate potential improvements in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules when conventional ultrasound (US) is combined with contrast-enhanced US (CEUS).

METHODS: We recruited 515 participants with 323 malignant and 192 benign nodules, who underwent both US and CEUS examinations at 8 different medical centers in China between October 2020 and October 2021. We assessed the malignancy of thyroid nodules in US using the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS). Diagnostic criteria for US and US + CEUS were developed by investigators based on evaluations of sonographic features. Using multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, we compared diagnostic performance between the 2 methods based on criteria identified by investigators and via statistical models.

RESULTS: On the basis of diagnostic criteria identified by investigators, we measured statistically significant differences in area under the curve (AUC) values between ACR TIRADS (0.83) and CEUS TIRADS (0.87; P < .001). On the basis of diagnostic regression models, we found statistically significant differences in AUC values between US (0.76) and US + CEUS (0.84; P = .001). Models based on US + CEUS outperformed those based on US alone (Akaike information criterion of 347.7 and significant improvement in integrated discrimination). These results were confirmed by similar analyses applied to a validation cohort.

CONCLUSION: The accuracy of conventional US for differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules can be improved by combining this approach with CEUS.

PMID:38075563 | PMC:PMC10699741 | DOI:10.1210/jendso/bvad145

Contemp Clin Dent. 2023 Jul-Sep;14(3):206-212. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_420_22. Epub 2023 Oct 24.

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: It is a challenge to bond resin materials with polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). To increase the bond strength, surface treatments using chemical adhesion, mechanical adhesion, or a combination of both can be used.

AIMS: The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of PEKK to the composite resin after various surface treatments and to evaluate the fracture mode analyses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty PEKK specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30) after three different surface treatments (95% sulfuric acid etching, airborne abrasion with 110 μm aluminum-oxide, and 99% acetone). With the help of polytetrafluorethylene tube, resin composite (3M ESPE) was bonded on all the specimens, thermocycled, and subjected to shear bond strength testing. Thereafter, 15 samples from each group were assessed for fracture mode analyses using a scanning electron microscope.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Mean, Standard deviation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) f-test, post hoc Tukey’s test.

RESULTS: Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA f-test revealed that the results were significant with a P < 0.05 with the maximum value obtained in the case of air abraded group and the minimum value obtained in the case of the untreated group. Adhesive failure mode was the most common among the air-abraded group.

CONCLUSIONS: The mechanical surface treatment group (air abrasion) showed higher shear bond strength than the chemical surface treatment groups (sulfuric acid and acetone). The mixed-type fracture mode was most commonly noted in the air-abraded group.

PMID:38075544 | PMC:PMC10699187 | DOI:10.4103/ccd.ccd_420_22

Contemp Clin Dent. 2023 Jul-Sep;14(3):213-219. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_567_22. Epub 2023 Oct 24.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained popularity in orthodontics in the past decade. PRP is an autologous concentration of platelets rich in growth factors and is hypothesized to play a role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) due to its bone remodeling capacity.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PRP on the rate of tooth movement in humans.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients requiring bilateral extraction of upper first premolars were included in the study. PRP (×4) was prepared and injected in the alveolar mucosa, distal to canine on experimental sides. Canine retraction was initiated on the same day of PRP injection using NiTi closed coil springs on both sides. The amount of canine retraction was measured and compared between both sides at the 4^th, 8^th, 12^th, and 16^th weeks by measuring the distance between lateral incisor and canine on the cast.

RESULTS: Results showed mean displacement of 1.355 mm, 1.232 mm, 1.191 mm, and 1.085 mm on experimental side and 1.265 mm, 1.126 mm, 1.031 mm, and 0.879 mm on control side at the 4^th, 8^th, 12^th, and 16^th weeks, respectively. Although increased OTM (13.85% or 1.1 times faster) was observed on experimental side at all time intervals compared to the control group, the result was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: 4× concentration of PRP does not accelerate OTM significantly.

PMID:38075539 | PMC:PMC10699186 | DOI:10.4103/ccd.ccd_567_22

Contemp Clin Dent. 2023 Jul-Sep;14(3):201-205. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_484_22. Epub 2023 Oct 24.

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Excessive dentine wear during postremoval can occur due to the adhesion between the cement and the post.

AIM: The aim is to evaluate dentine wear and microcrack occurrence following the removal of intraradicular fiberglass posts that were previously cemented with two types of resin cement.

METHODS: Distal roots (n = 38) of lower molars were instrumented, filled, prepared for intraradicular postinstallation, and divided into two groups according to the cement used for the posts: RelyX ARC or RelyX U200. The posts were removed through abrasion using ultrasonic diamond tips, after which the degrees of dentine wear (volume/mm³) and microcrack formation were assessed using microcomputed tomographic imaging.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The Mann-Whitney U (P ≤ 0.05) and Chi-squared tests (P ≤ 0.05) were used.

RESULTS: After the removal of the posts, no statistically significant difference in root canal volume or microcrack occurrence was observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The procedure produced significant dentine wear regardless of the type of cement used (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The removal of fiberglass posts caused extensive dentine wear but did not influence microcrack occurrence. The type of resin cement used did not affect the dentine loss or microcrack appearance that resulted from fiberglass postremoval.

PMID:38075538 | PMC:PMC10699195 | DOI:10.4103/ccd.ccd_484_22

Contemp Clin Dent. 2023 Jul-Sep;14(3):239-244. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_100_23. Epub 2023 Oct 24.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The necessity to modify silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to make it esthetically acceptable without affecting its beneficial properties keeps the research in this field pertinent.

AIM: This study aims to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of Glutathione (GSH) in reducing tooth discoloration associated with SDF.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This split-mouth in vivo study was conducted on 20 children aged 3-8 years having a minimum of 3 active carious primary teeth. The three teeth in each patient were randomly divided into Group I – 38% SDF; Group II – 38% SDF followed by application of potassium iodide; and Group III – 38% SDF mixed with 20% GSH. Standardized photographs were taken immediately after application and after 6 months, which were analyzed using Image J software. The carious lesions were clinically classified as active or arrested after 6 months.

RESULTS: When mean gray values of three groups were compared postoperative, the highest value (lighter shade) was observed for group II and least (darker shade) for group I, whereas, during the 6-month follow-up, the highest value was seen for group III and least for group I. The color change from preoperative to 6 months’ follow-up was compared, and a statistically significant difference was observed between groups I and II (P = 0.003) and groups I and III (P = 0.001). When caries arresting effectiveness was analyzed, there was no significant difference found between any of the groups (P = 1).

CONCLUSION: Mixing 20% GSH with 38% SDF was an effective measure in reducing the tooth discoloration associated with SDF, without affecting caries arresting the efficiency of the latter.

PMID:38075536 | PMC:PMC10699193 | DOI:10.4103/ccd.ccd_100_23

Contemp Clin Dent. 2023 Jul-Sep;14(3):191-200. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_548_22. Epub 2023 Oct 24.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the maxillary sinus volume (MSV) in both genders in a Saudi sample and among different skeletal patterns.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 52 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 18 years or older individuals with complete dentition and healthy medical history. MSV was measured as the mean value of both sides in cubic millimeters (mm³) using OnDemand three-dimensional™ Dental. Cephalometric tracings were conducted on cephalograms obtained from CBCT scans. The beta, A × B, and Frankfort-mandibular plane angles were selected to determine the sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns of the study subjects. Descriptive statistics and other tests were conducted. The significance level was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS: Fifty-two CBCT scans were included in this study (23 males and 29 females), with a mean age of 36 (±14) years. The mean MSV was 14887 (±5030.79) mm³. Males had statistically significantly larger MSV (16517 ± 5335 mm³) compared with females (13595 ± 4,452 mm³) (P = 0.036). There was no statistically significant difference in MSV among all other cephalometric measurements (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The MSV in the studied Saudi sample was larger among males. However, different skeletal patterns have no statistically significant differences in MSV.

PMID:38075535 | PMC:PMC10699189 | DOI:10.4103/ccd.ccd_548_22

Immunotargets Ther. 2023 Dec 5;12:165-173. doi: 10.2147/ITT.S433555. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: NOTCH1 is frequently mutated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and also is a poor therapeutic target. It is of clinical importance to investigate the effects of NOTCH1 mutations on anti-tumor immunity and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).

METHODS: An observational study with targeted sequencing in 963 NSCLC patients at our center were performed (FUSCC cohort). Data of the Cancer Genome Atlas Pan-Lung Cancer study (TCGA cohort) were analyzed, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed. The Samstein et al cohort included 350 patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing genomic profiling with the MSK-IMPACT assay, and receiving at least one dose of ICB therapy.

RESULTS: NOTCH1 mutations were more common in smokers and patients with squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) (all P value <0.05). For patients who did not receive ICB therapy (TCGA cohort), the overall survival (OS) of NOTCH1-mutant and -WT patients were comparable (log-rank P = 0.72), while for patients who received ICB therapy in the Samstein et al cohort, NOTCH1-mutant patients had significantly superior OS than WT patients (log-rank P = 0.041). On multivariate Cox analysis, the predictive value of NOTCH1 mutations reached marginal statistical significance (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.17-1.04; P = 0.059). The median of TMB for NOTCH1-mutant tumors was significantly higher than that for NOTCH1-WT tumors, and GSEA revealed that NOTCH1 mutations manifested various defects in the repair of DNA damage. NOTCH1-mutant tumors displayed an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME), manifesting as increased PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells.

CONCLUSION: NOTCH1 mutations define a molecular subtype of NSCLC, which are more common in smokers and patients with SCC, are characterized with higher TMB, inflamed TME, and display improved survival of ICB therapy for NSCLC patients.

PMID:38075489 | PMC:PMC10710100 | DOI:10.2147/ITT.S433555