Tag: pubmed

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2024;103(6):25-29. doi: 10.17116/stomat202410306125.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of dentition defects and the need for orthopedic treatment among the population of the regions of Mongolia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 444 residents over the age of 18 living in the Khangai region of Mongolia. After a written agreement to participate in the study, an oral examination was performed and the examination data were marked on the map. When determining the topography of dentition defects, the classifications of E. Kennedy and E.I. Gavrilov were used, the presence and type of dentures were noted. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the SPSS Statistics 25.0 program.

RESULTS: Dentition defects were found in 91.3% of the subjects, complete absence of teeth in 0.4%, and 7.7% of the subjects had complete dentition. With an increase in the age of the subjects, there was a tendency to a predominance of terminal defects (80.8% aged 45 to 74 years). Regardless of age, defects in the anterior parts of the dentition were less common. Of the study participants, 209 (51.0%) had dentures, 97.1% wore removable structures. Acrylic and nylon prostheses prevailed among removable structures (97.0%), only 6 participants had clasp structures. Of the 410 examined with dentition defects, 201 (49.0%) did not have dentures and needed prosthetics after rehabilitation and special preparation of the oral cavity for prosthetics.

CONCLUSION: The reasons leading to early tooth loss and the most commonly used prosthetics methods are related to the economic level of the country’s development, the lifestyle of the population, the state of sanitary and educational work and the low level of prevention of oral diseases. Comprehensive budgetary preventive measures in a particular region of the country are important for reducing oral diseases, aimed not only at reducing the incidence rate, but also at raising public awareness about oral health.

PMID:39704995 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202410306125

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2024;103(6):20-24. doi: 10.17116/stomat202410306120.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work is to study the mechanical properties of temporary composite crowns and temporary composite orthopedic structures manufactured by 3D printing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the two studied groups of samples: the original 3D-printed samples and the poured samples from a composite material of a certain shape, 8 samples were made and visually checked for the absence of porosity. The strength and elasticity were measured using the three-point bending method and the hardness was measured using the indentation method.

RESULTS: For both materials, the hardness, flexural strength and flexural elasticity show consistently high values required by GOST 24621-2015 (ISO 868:2003) [Plastics and ebonite] and GOST 4648-2014 (ISO 178:2010) [Plastics]. However, the statistical data on bending are higher for the composite material, with a larger spread of the elastic modulus value, in contrast to the 3D-printed samples.

CONCLUSION: Both materials are suitable for the manufacture of temporary orthopedic structures. For a more accurate assessment, it is necessary to continue studying the 3D-printed material for cytotoxicity, water absorption, and microstructure.

PMID:39704994 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202410306120

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2024;103(6):14-19. doi: 10.17116/stomat202410306114.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to study the degree of adhesion of reference strains of microorganisms to the surface of modern polymer materials for the manufacture of removable prostheses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The primary and residual microbial adhesion of 4 types of polymers was studied: acrylic polymer (Villacryl H Plus), monomerless polymer (Vertex ThermoSens), photopolymers for additive manufacturing (Harz Labs Dental Denture Base, Harz Labs Dental Sand). C. albicans, S. aureus, E. faecalis, and S. mutans were used as reference strains.

RESULTS: The analysis of the primary adhesion of C. albicans, S. aureus, E. faecalis, and S. mutans revealed statistically significant differences between the adhesion indices to the studied material samples. The minimal indices of primary and residual adhesion were noted for the photopolymers for additive manufacturing samples while monomerless polymer samples showed the highest adhesion index in all cases. The indicators of residual adhesion of the reference strains were extremely low.

CONCLUSION: Photopolymers for additive manufacturing have a lower index of primary and residual microbial adhesion in comparison with acrylic and non-monomeric polymers. These materials are potentially inert from a microbiological point of view and can be recommended for the manufacture of removable prostheses.

PMID:39704993 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202410306114

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2024;103(6):5-9. doi: 10.17116/stomat20241030615.

ABSTRACT

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was a comparative analysis of the structural features of the endodontic system and the thickness of hard dental tissues over the past ten centuries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 180 teeth of people who lived from the X to XX centuries AD were studied using cone-beam computed tomography in endodontic mode: the volume of the endodontic system and the thickness of hard dental tissues were calculated using the algorithm developed by us. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Student’s t-test were calculated in Excel program, and the data was analyzed with GraphPad Prism 8 Statistics Guide statistical program.

RESULTS: The most significant Pearson correlation coefficient was found between the volume of the endodontic system and the thickness of the enamel in the area of the support cusp (r=0.723) and had a linear relationship for ten centuries. The dynamics of changes in other parameters has a non-linear dependence. Changes in parameters occur in a wave-like way.

CONCLUSION: The article assesses variability of structure of endodontic system and variation of features of internal structure of teeth.

PMID:39704991 | DOI:10.17116/stomat20241030615

J Nephrol. 2024 Dec 20. doi: 10.1007/s40620-024-02161-w. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:39704990 | DOI:10.1007/s40620-024-02161-w

Clin Rheumatol. 2024 Dec 20. doi: 10.1007/s10067-024-07268-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate prediction models for estimating the activity index (AI) of kidney histopathology in lupus nephritis (LN) using clinical and laboratory data.

METHODS: This study used single-center data from patients with kidney biopsy-confirmed LN between January 2012 and March 2022. The development and validation datasets were temporally cut. We discriminated AI > 10 and ≤ 10 as high and mild/moderate activity status, respectively. We constructed four models for AI: Model 1 included demographic information; Model 2 additionally incorporated data of systemic conditions; Model 3 further included kidney-specific conditions; and Model 4 included all the aforementioned predictors. Logistic regression was employed in Models 1 to 3, while Model 4 utilized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for predictor selection and model building. Internal validation was performed using 1000 bootstrap resampling, while external validation was performed in the temporal validation dataset. Both calibration and discrimination metrics were evaluated.

RESULTS: There were 160 patients in the development dataset and 70 patients in the validation dataset. In the temporal validation, all the models achieved acceptable calibration and excellent discrimination. Model 2 which contained relatively fewer predictors achieved the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.76 to 0.94).

CONCLUSION: Our Model 2 incorporating demographic and systemic indicators exhibited good performance in estimating the AI of LN. We thus provide a simple yet effective algorithm to predict AI in patients with LN, potentially aiding clinicians in non-invasively assessing disease activity and guiding treatment decisions. Key Points • We developed a prediction model (Model 2) incorporating demographic and systemic indicators to predict AI in patients with LN. • The prediction model can aid clinicians in noninvasively assessing disease activity and guiding treatment decisions.

PMID:39704985 | DOI:10.1007/s10067-024-07268-w

Ground Water. 2024 Dec 20. doi: 10.1111/gwat.13458. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Due to increasing global demand for fresh water, it is increasingly necessary to understand how aquifer pumping affects groundwater chemistry. However, comprehensive predictive relationships between pumping and groundwater quality have yet to be developed, as the available data, which are often collected over inconsistent time intervals, are poorly suited for long-term historical correlation studies. For example, we needed an adequate statistical method to better understand relationships between pumping rate and water quality in the City of Norman (OK, USA). Here we used the interval-scaled change in mean pumping rate combined with the Quadrant method to examine correlations between pumping rates and changes in trace metal concentrations. We found that correlations vary across the study area and are likely dependent on a variety of factors specific to each well. Comparing the Quadrant method to the commonly used Kendall’s tau correlation, which requires different assumptions about aquifer behavior, the methods produced similar correlations when sample sizes were large and the time interval between samples was relatively short. Sample sizes were then artificially restricted to determine correlation reproducibility. Despite being less reproducible overall, the Quadrant method was more reproducible when there were large time intervals between samples and very small sample sizes (n ~ 4), but not as reproducible as significant (p ≤ 0.1) Kendall’s tau correlations. Therefore, the Quadrant method may be useful for further investigating the effects of pumping in cases where Kendall’s tau does not produce significant correlations.

PMID:39704126 | DOI:10.1111/gwat.13458

Clin Rehabil. 2024 Dec 20:2692155241306072. doi: 10.1177/02692155241306072. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis on spur morphology, foot pain, and function in patients with calcaneal spurs.

DESIGN: A double-blinded, randomised clinical trial.

SETTING: Outpatients physical therapy clinics.

PARTICIPANTS: One hundred forty-seven patients with calcaneal spurs, 18-65 years old, were randomly allocated to three equal groups.

INTERVENTION: The study group (A) received acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis plus conventional physical therapy. The study group (B) received shockwave therapy plus conventional physical therapy. The control group received conventional physical therapy programme only. Interventions were applied twice a week for 3 weeks.

OUTCOME MEASURES: Calcaneal spur width, calcaneal spur length, pain intensity level, pain pressure threshold and foot and ankle ability measure activities of daily living subscale were measured at baseline, after 3 weeks of interventions and after 4 weeks of follow-up with no intervention.

RESULTS: Between-group differences were observed for calcaneal spur width and length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold and function after 3 weeks favouring Group A (p < 0.001). Mean differences (95% CI) between study groups were -1.11 mm (-1.46, -0.77) for spur width; -1.34 mm (-1.67, -1.01) for spur length; -20.71 mm (-24.66, -16.77) for pain; 1.45 kg/cm² (1.05, 1.85) for pain pressure threshold; and 12.16 points (9.24, 15.09) for function after 3 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS: Acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis combined with exercise clinically and statistically improves calcaneal spur width, length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold and foot function more than shockwave therapy alone or conventional physical therapy. This method might be considered an effective, feasible, safe, non-invasive and locally applicable treatment for heel spurs.

PMID:39704113 | DOI:10.1177/02692155241306072

Plant Cell Environ. 2024 Dec 20. doi: 10.1111/pce.15322. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated the linkage between days to flowering (DTF) and growth habit (GH) in pigeonpea using QTL mapping, QTL-seq, and GWAS approaches. The linkage map developed here is the largest to date, spanning 1825.56 cM with 7987 SNP markers. In total, eight and four QTLs were mapped for DTF and GH, respectively, harbouring 78 pigeonpea orthologs of Arabidopsis flowering time genes. Corroboratively, QTL-seq analysis identified a single linked QTL for both traits on chromosome 3, possessing 15 genes bearing genic variants. Together, these 91 genes were clustered primarily into autonomous, photoperiod, and epigenetic pathways. Further, we identified 39 associations for DTF and 111 associations for GH through GWAS in the QTL regions. Of these, nine associations were consistent and constituted nine haplotypes (five late, two early, one each for super-early and medium duration). The involvement of multiple genes explained the range of allelic effects and the presence of multiple LD blocks. Further, the linked QTL on chromosome 3 was fine-mapped to the 0.24-Mb region with an LOD score of 8.56, explaining 36.47% of the phenotypic variance. We identified a 10-bp deletion in the first exon of TFL1 gene of the ICPL 20338 variety, which may affect its interaction with the Apetala1 and Leafy genes, resulting in determinate GH and early flowering. Further, the genic marker developed for the deletion in the TFL1 gene could be utilized as a foreground marker in marker-assisted breeding programmes to develop early-flowering pigeonpea varieties.

PMID:39704095 | DOI:10.1111/pce.15322

J Paediatr Child Health. 2024 Dec 20. doi: 10.1111/jpc.16751. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To describe the management of neonatal hypoglycaemia within Pacific Island countries and territories by surveying practising clinicians.

METHODS: Survey questions were adapted from a similar survey conducted across Australian and New Zealand neonatal nurseries. An anonymous, electronic survey link and QR code were disseminated to clinicians via our partner organisations, Facebook and direct email. Data collected were primarily descriptive.

RESULTS: Fifty-one surveys were received from 13 Pacific Island countries. Two-thirds (69%) of respondents reported having a neonatal hypoglycaemia protocol in their nursery. The four protocols received defined hypoglycaemia as a blood glucose concentration <2.6 mmol/L. However, treatment thresholds reported varied from <1.0 mmol/L to <3.0 mmol/L. Feeding was the most common treatment. One-third of the respondents reported resource barriers to effective management, such as a lack of specialist training and limited resources.

CONCLUSIONS: There are variations in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal hypoglycaemia in the Pacific Island countries, despite consistency in the management of neonatal hypoglycaemia within the clinical protocols. Barriers to the safe and effective management of neonatal hypoglycaemia remain concerning.

PMID:39704088 | DOI:10.1111/jpc.16751