Tag: pubmed

Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 May 24:AT8215. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of sacubitril valsartan sodium combined with levosimendan on improving cardiac and renal functions in patients with CRS.

METHODS: 90 patients with the cardiorenal syndrome who were hospitalized in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 were selected and divided into two groups, the control group, and the joint group, according to both single and double number methods, with 45 cases in each group. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria for CRS, were older than 18 years of age, had NYHA class II to IV, and had stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease were included in the study. Patients with severe hypersensitivity to the drugs used in this test, haemodynamic instability, combined hyperthyroidism, malignancy, severe pulmonary hypertension, cardiogenic shock, malignant arrhythmias and pregnant women were excluded. Among them, the control group was treated with sacubitril valsartan sodium alone, and the joint group was treated with levosimendan supplemented with the treatment method of the control group. The treatment effect, the improvement of cardiac and renal function, and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of CRS patients, and the prognostic effect was followed up 6 months after treatment.

RESULTS: The total effective rate of treatment in the joint group was 95.56%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group of 80.00%, and the difference was statistically significant by using χ2 test (P < .05). After treatment, LVEF, LVEDD, and NT-proBNP levels in both groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P < .05), and the improvement effect of each index in the joint group was more significant than that in the control group (P < .05). After treatment, the levels of SCr, BUN, and UA in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < .05), and the levels of each index in the joint group were significantly lower than those in the control group, statistical analyses showed significant differences (P < .05) using t test. The incidence of adverse effects such as tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, heart failure, and myocardial ischaemia was 22.22% in the combined group, which was significantly lower than 42.22% in the control group, and the difference in the total incidence between the two groups was statistically significant by χ2 test (P < .05). One case of malignant arrhythmia and five cases of recurrence of heart failure occurred 6 months after surgery in the combined group, which were significantly lower than the eight and twelve cases in the control group.

CONCLUSION: Sacubitril valsartan sodium combined with levosimendan can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of CRS, with significant improvement in cardiac and renal function of CRS patients, and its incidence of adverse effects and long-term prognostic effects are lower than those of sacubitril valsartan sodium alone. This combination therapy offers a promising new direction for CRS management, warranting further investigation in larger, multicenter trials.

PMID:38814606

Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 May 24:AT10873. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of integrating nursing early warning systems with doula-assisted childbirth nursing on natural childbirth rates and associated outcomes.

METHODS: A total of 150 women who underwent childbirth in the obstetrics and gynecology department of our hospital between September 2021 and March 2023 were enrolled as participants. They were randomly allocated into either the observation group or the control group, each comprising 75 individuals. The control group received standard nursing care, while the observation group received nursing early warning systems combined with doula-assisted childbirth nursing. Comparison between the two groups included modes of childbirth, the intensity of childbirth pain, neonatal Apgar scores, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, duration of the first and second stages of labor, and maternal satisfaction with nursing care.

RESULTS: Our findings indicated a higher natural childbirth rate in the observation group compared to the control group (P < .05). Furthermore, the SAS score of the observation group post-nursing was significantly lower than that of the control group. Additionally, neonates in the observation group exhibited higher Apgar scores compared to those in the control group. Moreover, mothers who underwent natural childbirth in the observation group experienced lower childbirth pain scores and reduced postpartum hemorrhage incidence (P < .05). The duration of both the first and second stages of childbirth was shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Furthermore, overall satisfaction with care was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the effectiveness of implementing nursing early warning systems combined with doula-assisted nursing in enhancing maternal satisfaction, reducing postpartum hemorrhage, and improving maternal well-being and neonatal outcomes. The findings advocate for the widespread adoption of this intervention in clinical practice.

PMID:38814602

Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 May 24:AT9027. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyze the risk factors of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and explore its influence on fetal risk factors, infant’s blood cells and markers of inflammation.

METHODS: A total of 123 patients with HDP were in the HDP group, and 121 healthy pregnant women were selected as the control group. The general clinical data of the participants were recorded. Statistics of maternal and infant outcomes, delivery methods, routine blood lab results and coagulation factors of the newborn were recorded. Univariate analysis and multi-factor analysis were used to explore the risk factors for HDP.

RESULTS: The overall incidence of poor maternal outcomes in the HDP group was higher than in the control group. The incidence of premature delivery; postpartum hemorrhage; coagulopathy; placental abruption; heart failure and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome was significantly higher in the HDP group than in the control group (P < .05). The cesarean section rate in the HDP group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < .05). The overall incidence of poor outcomes in fetuses and newborns in the HDP group was higher than in the control group. The incidence of infant low birth weight, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), asphyxia and all-cause neonatal death were higher than in the control group (P < .05). The incidence of small gestational age (SGA), fetal distress and intrauterine death in the HDP group were higher than in the control group (P < .05). In the HDP group, neonatal white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEUT) and platelets (PLT) were significantly lower than in the control group (P < .05), while hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) were higher (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS: HDP endangers the health of mother and infant; Age, body mass index (BMI) (>24 kg/m2), parity, history of hypertension, family history of hypertension and other factors may be involved in the occurrence and development of HDP.

PMID:38814595

Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 May 24:AT9417. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In the context of coronary artery disease (CAD) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it is essential to explore the variations in coronary endothelial diameter. Understanding these variations holds significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of CAD. This study aims to elucidate the relevance of coronary endothelial diameter in the broader landscape of CAD and PCI outcomes.

METHODS: This study is a retrospective cohort study. Consecutive patients with CAD who underwent PCI during hospitalization were included. IVUS measured the endothelial diameter of the coronary artery, and the patients were divided into the endothelial diameter constricted group, normal group and dilated group. The primary endpoint event was all-cause death, and the secondary endpoint events were cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and elective revascularization. Follow-up was completed from August 2021 to February 2022. The follow-up period from August 2021 to February 2022 was selected to capture a comprehensive view of long-term postoperative outcomes in coronary artery disease patients undergoing PCI, ensuring a contemporary and relevant assessment of the study endpoints.

RESULTS: The study ultimately included 705 patients, which included 295 (41.8%) in the endothelial diameter constricted group, 410 (58.2%) in the endothelial diameter normal group and 221 (31.3%) in the endothelial diameter dilated group. Patients with dilated endothelial diameter experienced a reduction in 5-year all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, non-fatal heart attack, and elective revascularization rates. Specifically, the 5-year all-cause mortality rate in the dilated group was 1.79 (95% CI: 1.07-3.00), cardiac mortality was 3.73 (95% CI: 1.27-10.95), non-fatal heart attack rate was 1.65 (95% CI: 0.99-2.75), and elective revascularization rate was 2.15 (95% CI: 1.30-3.60) (P < .05). The Cox proportional-hazards model indicated that age, AMI, and endothelial diameter expansion were identified as risk factors for 5-year all-cause mortality (P < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year all-cause mortality, cardiogenic mortality, elective revascularization rate and non-fatal myocardial infarction rate.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with dilated endothelial diameter had decreased 5-year all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, non-fatal heart attack, and elective revascularization rates. IVUS evaluation of the diameter of the coronary endothelium prior to PCI can aid in the classification and prevention of CAD risk. The retrospective design and potential biases associated with hospitalization data, along with the absence of certain clinical parameters, should be considered when interpreting the findings. The IVUS evaluation of coronary endothelial diameter not only aids in risk classification but also has the potential to inform personalized treatment strategies, enhancing patient care in coronary artery disease.

PMID:38814594

Vet Med Sci. 2024 Jul;10(4):e1469. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1469.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Eimeria is a protozoan parasite that affects poultry, particularly chickens, causing a disease known as coccidiosis. This disease imposes substantial significant economic challenges to the poultry sector.

OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to estimate the global prevalence and associated risk factors of Eimeria in domestic chickens.

METHODS: Multiple databases (Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched for articles published until June 2023. The pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval. The statistical analysis was conducted using meta packages in R version (3.6.1).

RESULTS: In total, 41 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The global pooled prevalence was 44.3% (36.9%-51.8%) with Eimeria tenella (38.7%, 30.1%-47.7%) as the most prevalent species. The highest pooled prevalence was related to the Western Pacific Region (80.5%, 72.6%-87.3%) and urban areas (44.4%, 36.5%-52.6%). Moreover, areas with humid subtropical climates represent the highest overall prevalence (75.8%, 46.6%-95.9%).

CONCLUSION: The necessity for robust and innovative strategies for preventing and managing this disease cannot be overstated. Addressing Eimeria impact is crucial not only for safeguarding poultry health but also for sustaining the economic viability of the poultry industry.

PMID:38814576 | DOI:10.1002/vms3.1469

J Phys Ther Educ. 2024 May 29. doi: 10.1097/JTE.0000000000000348. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students have considerable educational debt upon graduation with suspected low levels of financial literacy, limited financial self-efficacy, and elevated stress and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between financial knowledge, financial anxiety, financial stress, and financial self-efficacy with socioeconomic determinants in DPT students.

SUBJECTS: Five hundred seventy-eight DPT students, surveyed through a cross-sectional sample of convenience.

METHODS: Participants responded to a 40-item demographic questionnaire providing a self-assessment of their current financial literacy, financial self-efficacy, financial anxiety, financial stress, and level of general social support. Pairwise correlations were used to determine the relationship between independent variables and composite scores on self-assessment tools. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict financial knowledge, self-efficacy, anxiety, stress, and social support by socioeconomic indicators and educational debt status.

RESULTS: While there was a moderate, positive association between presence of debt and financial self-efficacy and financial anxiety for all students (r = .55), there was no statistically significant difference in financial knowledge, self-efficacy, anxiety, stress, or social support for students based on race/ethnicity. There was a negligible to weak correlation between financial knowledge, financial self-efficacy, and level of financial anxiety based on age, race/ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic background, debt load, risk tolerance, and retirement reflection. When subjected to multiple regression analysis, the level of education-related debt could explain a large proportion of the variance in multiple measures, including financial self-efficacy, anxiety, and stress. Economic background explained a large proportion of variance in the general social support students felt.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We found a strong, positive correlation between the presence of debt and financial stress and anxiety for all DPT student respondents. While there is no difference in financial literacy and self-efficacy based on race and ethnic background, there is a moderate correlation between self-efficacy and financial anxiety for all students. Education on strategies to manage debt load may reduce both factors.

PMID:38814573 | DOI:10.1097/JTE.0000000000000348

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33806-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study presents a theoretical analysis of the adsorption process of pharmaceutical pollutants, specifically acetaminophen (ATP) and diclofenac (DFC), onto activated carbon (AC) derived from avocado biomass waste. The adsorption isotherms of ATP and DFC were analyzed using a multilayer model, which revealed the formation of two to four adsorption layers depending on the temperature of the aqueous solution. The saturation adsorption capacities for ATP and DFC were 52.71 and 116.53 mg/g, respectively. A steric analysis suggested that the adsorption mechanisms of ATP and DFC involved a multi-molecular process. The calculated adsorption energies (ΔE₁ and ΔE₂) varied between 12.86 and 22.58 kJ/mol, with the highest values observed for DFC removal. Therefore, the adsorption of these organic molecules was associated with physisorption interactions: van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. These findings enhance the understanding of the depollution processes of pharmaceutical compounds using carbon-based adsorbents and highlight the potential of utilizing waste biomass for environmental remediation.

PMID:38814558 | DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-33806-9

Brain Imaging Behav. 2024 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s11682-024-00896-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Since depression is common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, we aimed to explore the specific brain functional network dynamics in ALS patients with depression (ALS-D) compared with healthy controls (HCs) and ALS patients without depressive symptoms (ALS-ND). According to the DSM-V, 32 ALS-D patients were selected from a large and newly diagnosed ALS cohort. Then, 32 demographic- and cognitive-matched ALS-ND patients were also selected, and 64 HCs were recruited. These participants underwent resting-state fMRI scans, and functional connectivity state analysis and dynamic graph theory were applied to evaluate brain functional network dynamics. Moreover, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was used to quantify depressive symptoms in the ALS-D patients. Four distinct states were identified in the ALS-D patients and controls. Compared with that in HCs, the fraction rate (FR) in state 2 was significantly decreased in ALS-D patients, and the FR in state 4 was significantly increased in ALS-D patients. Compared with that of HCs, the dwell time in state 4 was significantly increased in the ALS-D patients. Moreover, compared with that in the ALS-D patients, the FR in state 3 was significantly decreased in the ALS-ND patients. Among the ALS-D patients, there was the suggestion of a positive association between HDRS scores and dwell time of state 4, but this association did not reach statistical significance (r = 0.354; p = 0.055). Depression is an important feature of ALS patients, and we found a special pattern of brain functional network dynamics in ALS-D patients. Our findings may play an important role in understanding the mechanism underlying depression in ALS patients and help develop therapeutic interventions for depressed ALS patients.

PMID:38814545 | DOI:10.1007/s11682-024-00896-5

J Assist Reprod Genet. 2024 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s10815-024-03143-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Determine if the gene expression profiles of ovarian support cells (OSCs) and cumulus-free oocytes are bidirectionally influenced by co-culture during in vitro maturation (IVM).

METHODS: Fertility patients aged 25 to 45 years old undergoing conventional ovarian stimulation donated denuded immature oocytes for research. Oocytes were randomly allocated to either OSC-IVM culture (intervention) or Media-IVM culture (control) for 24-28 h. The OSC-IVM culture condition was composed of 100,000 OSCs in suspension culture with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH), androstenedione, and doxycycline supplementation. The Media-IVM control lacked OSCs and contained the same supplementation. A limited set of in vivo matured MII oocytes were donated for comparative evaluation. Endpoints consisted of MII formation rate, morphological and spindle quality assessment, and gene expression analysis compared to in vitro and in vivo controls.

RESULTS: OSC-IVM resulted in a statistically significant improvement in MII formation rate compared to the Media-IVM control, with no apparent effect on morphology or spindle assembly. OSC-IVM MII oocytes displayed a closer transcriptomic maturity signature to IVF-MII controls than Media-IVM control MII oocytes. The gene expression profile of OSCs was modulated in the presence of oocytes, displaying culture- and time-dependent differential gene expression during IVM.

CONCLUSION: The OSC-IVM platform is a novel tool for rescue maturation of human oocytes, yielding oocytes with improved nuclear maturation and a closer transcriptomic resemblance to in vivo matured oocytes, indicating a potential enhancement in oocyte cytoplasmic maturation. These improvements on oocyte quality after OSC-IVM are possibly occurring through bidirectional crosstalk of cumulus-free oocytes and ovarian support cells.

PMID:38814543 | DOI:10.1007/s10815-024-03143-4

Clin Transl Oncol. 2024 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s12094-024-03475-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This research was aimed at investigating the early diagnostic value of emission computed tomograph (ECT) whole-body bone imaging combined with PINP and β-CTX for bone metastasis of lung cancer.

METHODS: Case data of 86 lung cancer patients were categorized into lung cancer with bone metastasis (LCWBM, 46 cases) and lung cancer without bone metastasis (LCWOBM, 40 cases) groups according to the presence or absence of bone metastasis. Patients’ general information were collected. ECT whole-body bone imaging was used to detect bone metastases and the grading of the extent of disease (EOD) in both groups, and electrochemiluminescence was utilized to detect the serum levels of PINP and β-CTX. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to evaluate the correlation between EOD grading and PINP and β-CTX levels. Logistic univariate and multivariate regression was implemented to analyze the risk factors of bone metastasis of lung cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of the single test of ECT whole-body bone imaging, PINP, or β-CTX and the combination of the three tests.

RESULTS: The differences in pathological type, clinical stage and EOD grading, the number of positive ECT cases, and the expression levels of PINP and β-CTX between the LCWBM and LCWOBM groups were statistically significant. In LCWBM patients with different EOD grading, the trends of the expression of PINP and β-CTX were grade 3 > grade 2 > grade 1 and grade 0. Further correlation analyses revealed that EOD grading showed a significant positive correlation with the PINP and β-CTX expression levels. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that adenocarcinoma, TNM stage IV, ECT positivity, and high expression of PINP and β-CTX were associated with bone metastasis of lung cancer, and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that ECT positivity, high expression of PINP and β-CTX were independent risk factors for bone metastasis of lung cancer. The area under the curve (AUC) of ECT, PINP, and β-CTX alone for the diagnosis of bone metastasis of lung cancer were 0.872, 0.888, and 0.874, respectively, and the AUC for the combined diagnosis of the three was 0.963, which was greater than that of any one of the individual indices, with a sensitivity of 86.96% and a specificity of 97.50% at a Youden index of 0.845.

CONCLUSION: ECT whole-body bone imaging combined with PINP and β-CTX has high diagnostic value for bone metastasis of lung cancer.

PMID:38814542 | DOI:10.1007/s12094-024-03475-8