Tag: pubmed

J Fluoresc. 2023 Oct 2. doi: 10.1007/s10895-023-03441-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The serum biomarker copeptin, an innovative and stable substitute biomarker of vasopressin, is associated with stroke. Therefore, establishing a highly sensitive time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for copeptin (copeptin-TRFIA) is helpful to measure stroke and evaluate its value in clinical applications. Double antibody sandwich was used to establish copeptin-TRFIA. The established method was then assessed. Two coated and Eu³⁺-labeled copeptin monoclonal specific antibodies targeting different antigen epitopes were employed. The serum fluorescence counts of patients with stroke and healthy volunteers were detected by using the well-established copeptin-TRFIA. Serum copeptin levels were measured and analyzed statistically. The actual measurement linearity range of the proposed method was 0.13-44.66 ng/mL. Copeptin-TRFIA had the inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of 6.49%-9.08% and the intra-assay CV of 4.75%-7.77%. Patients with cerebral infarction (CI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) had significantly higher serum copeptin levels than healthy subjects. Copeptin concentrations in the serum of patients with stroke were significantly correlated with the scores of the National Institute for Healthy Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). A highly sensitive copeptin-TRFIA was successfully established. Serum copeptin has a certain value in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of stroke.

PMID:37782447 | DOI:10.1007/s10895-023-03441-7

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2023 Oct 2. doi: 10.1007/s00402-023-05056-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we evaluate how race corresponds to specific complications and costs following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our hypothesis was that minority patients, comprising Black, Asian, and Hispanic patients, would have higher complication and revision rates and costs than White patients.

METHODS: Data from 2014 to 2016 were collected from a large commercial insurance database. TKA patients were assigned under Current Procedural Terminology (CPT-27447) and International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-P-8154) codes. Minority patients were compared to White patients before and after matching for age, gender, and tobacco use, diabetes, and obesity comorbidities. Standardized complications, revisions, and total costs at 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year were compared between the groups using unequal variance t tests.

RESULTS: Overall, 140,601 White (92%), 10,247 Black (6.7%), 1072 Asian (0.67%), and 1725 Hispanic (1.1%) TKA patients were included. At baseline, minority patients had 7-10% longer lengths of stay (p = 0.0001) and Black and Hispanic patients had higher Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity indices (p = 0.0001), while Asian patients had a lower Elixhauser comorbidity index (p < 0.0001). Black patients had significantly higher complication rates and higher rates of revision (p = 0.03). Minority patients were charged 10-32% more (p < 0.0001). Following matching, all minority patients had lengths of stay 8-10% longer (p = 0.001) and Black patients had higher Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity indices (p < 0.0001) while Asian patients had a lower Elixhauser comorbidity index (p = 0.0008). Black patients had more equal complication rates and there was no significant difference in revisions in any minority cohort. All minority cohorts had significantly higher total costs at all time points, ranging from 9 to 31% (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION: Compared to White patients, Black patients had significantly increased rates of complications, along with greater total costs, but not revisions. Asian and Hispanic patients, however, did not have significant differences in complications or revisions yet still had higher costs. As a result, this study corroborates our hypothesis that Black patients have higher rates of complications and costs than White patients following total knee arthroplasty and recommends efforts be taken to tackle health inequities to create more fairness in healthcare. This same hypothesis, however, was not supported when evaluating Asian and Hispanic patients, probably because of the few patients included in the database and deserves further investigation.

PMID:37782427 | DOI:10.1007/s00402-023-05056-w

Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Oct 2;195(11):1263. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11883-6.

ABSTRACT

The Doce River basin is located in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Espírito Santo (ES). Anthropogenic expansion throughout the twentieth century heavily modified the bioecological configuration of the region, which was worsened in November 2015 by the collapse of the Fundão tailing dam in Mariana municipality (MG). Local ichthyofauna suffered a loss of environmental quality, which served as an alert to the possible decline of native species and transformation of fish assemblages. Through a systematic literature review, the present study aimed to investigate the recovery stage of fish assemblage after the disaster. To accomplish this, we selected 14 documents reporting species lists and fish distributions in the area principally affected by the disaster. Data collected about fish assemblage (presence/absence) were spatially (upper, middle, and lower sections) and temporally (pre- and post-disaster) arranged, followed by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis to assess similarity. We applied the Analysis of Similarities (ANOSIM) non-parametric test to confirm statistically significant differences between groups. We complemented the study by searching for the main bioecological characteristics of the most frequent species raised among the selected documents. NMDS showed differences in the similarity of fish assemblages among the three spatial sections, as confirmed by ANOSIM (p < 0.05), but no differences for the temporal component were observed. Nevertheless, we detected a trend based on continental fish assemblage transformation, as determined by the presence of many non-native species in the post-disaster period, suggesting the better resilience of these species over that of native species. The missing of many native species previously easily collected, mainly from the families Characidae, Loricariidae, and Trichomycteridae, suggested the system moving toward a new condition, probably worsened than the previous one. The ichthyofauna of the estuarine environment, on the contrary, seems to have recovered faster than ichthyofauna from the continental environment.

PMID:37782425 | DOI:10.1007/s10661-023-11883-6

Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023 Oct 2;38(1):244. doi: 10.1007/s00384-023-04538-y.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a major cause of morbidity in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential risk factors for POI in cases with anterior resection for rectal cancer.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 136 patients who underwent open anterior resection for rectal cancer between 2004 and 2018 at a single tertiary referral center. POI was defined as reinsertion of nasogastric tube or nil per os by postoperative day 4 and/or administration of neostigmine postoperatively. Uni- and multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for POI.

RESULTS: POI was observed in 18 patients (13.2%). Epidural anesthesia, type of ostomy, and history of abdominal surgery were not found to be related with POI. Advanced age was a statistically significant risk factor both in the uni- and in the multivariate analyses. An increase in age by 1 year was found to increase the odds of POI by 5% [95%CI: 0.4%-9.7%; p = 0.032].

CONCLUSION: Increased age was identified as a non-modifiable, patient-related risk factor for POI after anterior resection for rectal cancer. This finding is of particular importance as it turns the focus on the elderly patient and underlines the need for close clinical observation of this subgroup and liberal use of preventive and/or therapeutic measures postoperatively.

PMID:37782332 | DOI:10.1007/s00384-023-04538-y

Clin Cancer Res. 2023 Oct 2. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-1860. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate whether circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) assessment in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer predicts treatment response and provides early detection of metastatic disease.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We present full follow-up results (median follow-up: 68 months) from a previously described cohort of 68 neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)-treated patients who underwent longitudinal ctDNA testing (712 plasma samples). In addition, we performed ctDNA evaluation of 153 plasma samples collected before and after radical cystectomy (RC) in a separate cohort of 102 NAC-naïve patients (median follow-up: 72 months). Total RNA-sequencing of tumors was performed to investigate biological characteristics of ctDNA shedding tumors.

RESULTS: Assessment of ctDNA after RC identified metastatic relapse with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 98% using the expanded follow-up data for the NAC-treated patients. ctDNA dynamics during NAC was independently associated with patient outcomes when adjusted for pathological downstaging (HR=4.7, p=0.029). For the NAC-naïve patients, ctDNA was a prognostic predictor before (HR=3.4, p=0.0005) and after RC (HR=17.8, p=0.0002). No statistically significant difference in recurrence-free survival for patients without detectable ctDNA at diagnosis was observed between the cohorts. Baseline ctDNA positivity was associated with the Ba/Sq subtype and enrichment of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell-cycle associated gene sets.

CONCLUSIONS: ctDNA is prognostic in NAC-treated and NAC-naïve patients with more than five years follow-up and outperforms pathological downstaging in predicting treatment efficacy. Patients without detectable ctDNA at diagnosis may benefit significantly less from NAC, but additional studies are needed.

PMID:37782315 | DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-1860

J Sci Food Agric. 2023 Oct 2. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13018. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Extract of ciriguela residue was microencapsulated by spray-drying and freeze-drying using maltodextrin (M), gum Arabic (GA) and their mixture (50%M; 50%GA on dry basis) as encapsulating agents. Total phenolic compounds (TPC), antioxidant activity, physicochemical properties, profile of phenolic compounds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD), and storage stability were evaluated.

RESULTS: TPC content of powders ranged from 306.9 to 451.2 mg GAE/g dry powder. The spray-dried powder prepared using GA as encapsulating agent had higher TPC content and antioxidant activity, while the freeze-dried powder had lower moisture and water activity. Spray-dried microcapsules had spherical shape, while freeze-dried products irregular structures. Profile of phenolic compounds identified in samples was similar, with rutin (342.59 μg/g and 72.92 μg/g) and quercetin (181.02 μg/g and 43.24 μg/g) being the major compounds in liquid and freeze-dried extracts, respectively, while myricetin (97.41 μg/g) being predominant in spray-dried ones. Storage stability tests carried out for 45 days at 7 °C or 25 °C revealed no statistically significant difference in TPC.

CONCLUSION: Ciriguela residue can be considered a source of TPC and used as ingredient with good antioxidant activity in the food industry. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:37782290 | DOI:10.1002/jsfa.13018

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Sep;27(18):8962-8974. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33817.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 is an extremely contagious illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that will keep broadly circulating and evolving. Collected evidence revealed the clinical profile of COVID-19 patients as a potential predictor of their outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between poor outcomes and laboratory parameters in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, in this sense observing how SARS-CoV-2 infection affects other organs.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 133 patients, positive for SARS-CoV-2, aged between 30 to 94 years, between January 12th and April 25th, 2021. Discharge from the hospital, transferral to the ordinary ward or nursing home, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality were recorded, along with demographic, laboratory and clinical parameters. The whole sample was summarized by median (interquartile range) for quantitative data, and absolute and relative percentage frequencies for qualitative variables. Univariable logistic regression models were performed to assess the association between all the parameters of interest and COVID-19 adverse outcomes, single (in-hospital mortality) and composite (in-hospital mortality and ICU admission). Hence, a multivariable model was fitted to identify potential independent predictors of the composite outcome. The accuracy of the model was assessed through appropriate fitting indices, such as the C-statistic and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Moreover, to detect multicollinearity, the variance inflation factor (VIF) was used.

RESULTS: Our study sample had a median age of 72 years old (59.0-83.0). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (63.7%), cardiovascular disease (41.9%), diabetes (33.6%), and cerebrovascular disease (21.5%); while as the most common symptoms, we observed dry cough (32.5%), dyspnoea (50.8%), and fatigue (29.8%). Totally, 18 patients died during hospitalization (13.5%), 10 required ICU admission (7.5%), 78 (58.6%) were discharged from the hospital, and 27 (20.3%) were transferred to either ordinary wards or nursing homes. We disclosed an association of older age with both composite [OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.09; p=0.003] and single outcome [OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04-1.16; p=0.001]. A higher oxygen saturation (SpO2) was associated with a better outcome [OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.93; p=0.009 and OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.61-0.95, p=0.009]. Among laboratory parameters, higher levels of neutrophils increased the risk of a poor outcome [OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.10; p=0.043]; while higher levels of lymphocytes seem associated with a better outcome [OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.88-0.99; p=0.043]. Higher levels of creatinine were associated with a higher risk of both adverse outcomes [OR 6.20, 95% CI 2.16-17.81; p<0.001 and OR 19.90, 95% CI 5.07-78.06; p<0.001, respectively]. Higher levels of sodium (Na) were associated with a higher risk of adverse events [OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.28; p=0.014 and OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.27]. Similar findings were also observed for C-reactive protein (CRP) levels [OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02; p=0.010 and OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02; p=0.024]. Conversely, being positive to IgM and IgG decreases the risk of adverse outcomes [IgM: OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.14-0.77; p=0.011 and OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.66; p=0.006. IgG: OR 0.30 95% CI 0.13-0.72; p=0.007 and OR 0.22 95% CI 0.07-0.66; p=0.007]. Hence, a multivariable model was fitted to identify potential independent laboratory predictors of the composite outcome, with laboratory parameters that showed an association with composite outcome. The model can be considered accurate according to LH-Test and C-statistic [p>0.83, C-stat=0.90].

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that COVID-19 is a multiorgan disease. In fact, the analysis of laboratory parameters has revealed a strong relationship between poorer outcomes and multiple organ dysfunction, particularly established by higher levels of neutrophils, creatinine, sodium, and CRP. Alongside, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease and older age supported this finding. Of note, higher levels of SpO2, and lymphocytes, as well as positivity to IgM and IgG were associated with a lower risk of a poor outcome.

PMID:37782206 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202309_33817

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Sep;27(18):8952-8961. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33816.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The immunopathology of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection involves an excessive inflammatory response. Approximately 80% of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have a mild illness, 20% require hospitalization, and approximately 5% require intensive care. Neopterin is a macrophage activation marker produced by monocytes and macrophages following activation by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). It is crucial to determine neopterin levels and evaluate them together with inflammatory, coagulation, and biochemical markers in moderate/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The present study compared plasma neopterin and inflammatory as well as biochemical markers of 50 patients with COVID-19 and 38 healthy volunteers without COVID-19.

RESULTS: The data of 38 participants did not show statistically significant differences in serum neopterin levels between the mild/moderate COVID-19 and control groups (p=0.259). White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet (PLT), hemoglobin (HGB), procalcitonin (PCT), ferritin, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR) and lymphocyte CRP ratio (LCR) values were significantly different between the study groups (p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001, p<0.001, p=0.014, p<0.001, p=0.001, p<0.001, p=0.004, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). According to the ROC analysis, the WBC, PT, Na, and LCR values exceeding the cutoff values may be predictive of COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS: Although there were no significant differences in serum neopterin levels between the groups, there were high values in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in previous studies and these values were maintained for a long time. The present study found that neopterin levels were not elevated in mild/moderate COVID-19 patients.

PMID:37782204 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202309_33816

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Sep;27(18):8895-8904. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33810.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Endometrial polyps (EPs) are one of the most common pathologies detected during the examination of the uterine cavity of infertile women. We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between EPs, chronic endometritis (CE) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was performed on 394 hysteroscopically examined infertility cases. We performed polyp resections (PR) and extensive biopsies of the endometrium to demonstrate the association with clinical pregnancy (CP) by IVF. We performed statistical analysis to compare these associations.

RESULTS: The incidence of CE was twice as high in the presence of EPs as in the absence of EPs. The associations between EPs and PR were found to be significant for positive CP outcomes. A significant difference in IVF outcome was found between the group with EPs and the group without EPs. All these associations were statistically significant (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: We found a frequent association between EPs and CE. The pregnancy rate obtained after IVF was negatively affected by the presence of EPs. Treatment of these pathologies improved IVF outcomes.

PMID:37782198 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202309_33810

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Sep;27(18):8889-8894. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33809.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate lymph node (LN) size detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for prediction of LN involvement in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 55 cases diagnosed with LACC (IIB-IVA FIGO 2018) between 28 December 2010 and 30 October 2020 were evaluated in this retrospective study. LN involvement was evaluated in patients who underwent surgical staging and MRI. The prediction of LN involvement based on LN size on MRI was calculated statistically.

RESULTS: The mean age of 55 patients was 56 (33-78) years. For the cases, 76.4% were stage IIB, 12.7% were stage III, and 10.9% were stage IVA. Squamous cell histological type was detected with a rate of 90.9%. The cut-off value for pelvic LN diameter on MRI in predicting pelvic LN involvement was 18.5 mm, and the sensitivity and specificity values were calculated as 50.0% and 93.6%, respectively (p=0.027). The cut-off value for pelvic and para-aortic LN diameter on MRI in predicting pelvic and para-aortic LN involvement was 17.0 mm with a sensitivity of 41.7% and specificity of 88.4% (p=0.081).

CONCLUSIONS: In LACC, prediction of LN involvement by LN diameter detected on MRI has moderate sensitivity and high specificity with a cut-off value of 17.0 mm.

PMID:37782197 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202309_33809