Tag: pubmed

J Surg Orthop Adv. 2026 Spring;35(1):27-30.

ABSTRACT

This study sought to characterize patient interest in utilizing telemedicine for orthopaedic surgery clinic visits in a primarily Medicaid population. The authors hypothesized that interest in telemedicine would be associated with higher education level, lower age, private insurance, and internet access. Patients who called the clinic between October 2020 and February 2021 were asked to participate in a 5-question phone survey. The association between willingness to use telemedicine and other variables was determined using statistical analysis. Two hundred and fifty-six patients participated; they were predominantly female (50.8%), Black (57.6%), 50 – 60 years old (33.6%), with public insurance (83.2%). In total, 76.6% were interested in telemedicine. No significant association was observed between interest in telemedicine and education level or insurance. Patients who were younger and had internet access were significantly more interested in utilizing telemedicine services. Contrary to our hypothesis, no association was noted between interest in telemedicine and education level or insurance. (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 35(1):027 – 030, 2026).

PMID:41811258

Pharmacogenomics. 2026 Mar 11:1-16. doi: 10.1080/14622416.2026.2641750. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Polymorphisms in transporter (P-gp, OATP) genes affect digoxin pharmacokinetics and are crucial for predicting toxicity due to its narrow therapeutic index. However, evidence regarding their effects on digoxin serum concentrations remain inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the influence of transporter polymorphisms on digoxin serum concentrations.

METHODS: A systematic search of EBSCOhost, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and ClinPGx was conducted up to May 2025. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for digoxin serum concentrations (C_max, AUC, and SDC) using a random-effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and subgroup analyses were performed.

RESULTS: Nineteen eligible studies were identified. A significant association was observed between ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism and elevated digoxin C_max across multiple genetic models, with the largest effect observed between codominant T/T versus C/C (MD: 0.40 ng/mL; 95% CI: 0.14-0.66). Conversely, opposite associations were observed in the Japanese population, where C allele carriers had higher digoxin AUC_{0-4 hr}.

CONCLUSION: The ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism influences digoxin serum concentrations and may inform genotype-guided therapy. However, the limited number of studies in meta-analysis warrants further well-designed studies.This systematic review and meta-analysis was not registered in any protocol registry.

PMID:41811250 | DOI:10.1080/14622416.2026.2641750

Nurs Educ Perspect. 2026 Jan-Feb 01;47(1):30-35. doi: 10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000001485.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: US Latines face many challenges and barriers that lead to inequalities in their health care. Failure to include specific Latine culture in health education intensifies this issue. Diverse teaching strategies are needed to address Latine culture in nursing education.

METHOD: A convenience sample of prelicensure baccalaureate students who completed an overseas cultural program (OCP) was evaluated to determine changes in cultural competence. A convergent mixed-methods design was used. Students’ journal entries, a focus group, and the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool were analyzed.

RESULTS: Statistically significant quantitative responses to changes were seen in pre- versus posttest data. Qualitative data gathered from journal entries and a focus group supported quantitative findings.

CONCLUSION: Including nursing students in a service-learning OCP improves cultural sensitivity and competency. Using data integration from qualitative and quantitative sources reinforced findings. As such, giving students a service-learning opportunity is a viable option to improve cultural care of Latines.

PMID:41811241 | DOI:10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000001485

J Physiol. 2026 Mar 11. doi: 10.1113/JP290527. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41811215 | DOI:10.1113/JP290527

Vet Med Sci. 2026 Mar;12(2):e70884. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70884.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Blackbuck is a species of antelope native to the Indian subcontinent. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, diversity, and concurrency of gastrointestinal parasites in the blackbuck population of the Blackbuck Conservation Area in Nepal.

METHODS: A total of 150 blackbuck faecal samples were collected and examined using the iodine wet mount and concentration technique.

RESULTS: The findings showed that gastrointestinal parasites were prevalent in 96% of the population, with a higher frequency in females than males. There was no significant statistical association between sex and parasite prevalence across genera (χ² = 9.141, p > 0.05). Ten different genera of parasites belonging to protozoa, cestode, trematode, and nematode groups were identified. Paramphistomum sp. was the most common, with 55.33% of the cases followed by Strongyloides sp. (52%), Fasciola sp. (36%), Haemonchus sp. (26%), Moniezia sp. (24%), Trichostrongylus sp. (21.33%), Eimeria sp. (19.33%), Entamoeba sp. (15.33%), Ascaris sp. (8.67%), and Trichuris sp. (7.33%). The study revealed mixed infections ranging from one to six genera in each sample, with triple infections being the most prevalent. Most blackbucks exhibited light infection, while five specific parasite types showed heavy infection levels.

CONCLUSIONS: The identification of a significant prevalence and variety of gastrointestinal parasites indicates that parasitism may be an overlooked factor affecting the health of the blackbuck population. This emphasizes the importance of integrating parasite monitoring into wildlife health and conservation efforts.

PMID:41811208 | DOI:10.1002/vms3.70884

Ann Plast Surg. 2026 Mar 6. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000004707. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Implant-based reconstruction represents the most common method of breast reconstruction today. Many surgeons approach implant-based breast reconstruction in 2 stages, with the first stage being placement of a tissue expander at the time of mastectomy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can have systemic effects that may place patients at risk for TE/implant loss, infection, wound, and other complications.

METHODS: A retrospective review of all cases of TE breast reconstruction at a single institution between 2017 and 2024 was performed. A total of 210 patients, representing 319 total breasts that underwent reconstruction, met the inclusion criteria. Sixty-five patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 145 did not. Patients were separated into neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and nonneoadjuvant chemotherapy (non-NACT) cohorts. Primary outcomes of TE loss, wound, infection, and seroma were analyzed. Regression analysis was performed, matching patients for known risk factors.

RESULTS: The rate of all-cause TE loss in patients who underwent NACT was 18%, and 11% for patients who did not. The rate of pathologic TE loss was significantly higher at 14% in patients who underwent NACT and 7% in patients who did not undergo NACT (P=0.032). On regression analysis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy increased the rate of all-cause and pathologic TE loss by 17% (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in wound, seroma, and infection.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an independent risk factor for TE loss after immediate tissue expander-based breast reconstruction. Further analysis of adjuncts, implant factors, and specific chemotherapeutic agents is needed.

PMID:41811191 | DOI:10.1097/SAP.0000000000004707

J Clin Rheumatol. 2026 Mar 11. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000002328. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disorder marked by chronic inflammation that may accelerate atherosclerosis and increase ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk. This study assessed the association between AS and IHD using nationwide data.

METHODS: A retrospective historical cohort study was performed using Korean National Health Insurance Service data (2012-2023). AS was defined by the ICD-10 code M45 and the rare disease code V140. After a 3-year washout, IHD was defined as ≥2 visits with codes I20 to I25. Propensity score-matched controls (1:10) were selected, and proportional hazards models were applied.

RESULTS: A total of 2869 patients with AS and 28,690 matched controls were followed for a mean of 4.2 years. IHD occurred in 7.08% of patients with AS and 5.05% of controls. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 1.42 (95% CI: 1.23-1.65). Subgroup analyses revealed a higher risk among current smokers (IRR, 1.85). The risk increased with longer follow-up periods, especially in older men.

CONCLUSIONS: AS was significantly associated with elevated IHD risk, particularly among smokers and low-income groups. Early cardiovascular risk management is warranted.

PMID:41811182 | DOI:10.1097/RHU.0000000000002328

Ann Plast Surg. 2026 Mar 6. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000004703. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Forefoot and heel fat pad atrophy are debilitating conditions that compromise structural integrity of the plantar soft tissues, resulting in pain and disability. This localized destruction of soft tissue integrity has been associated with increased age, diabetes, and repetitive trauma. Although autologous fat grafting has shown improvements to short-term patient pain levels and quality of life, there is limited evidence as to the long-term benefit of this treatment.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes of autologous fat grafting to the foot for fat pad atrophy treatment.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional long-term follow-up of patients who underwent autologous fat grafting for pedal fat pad atrophy between 2015 and 2018. Patients received grafting at presentation (interventional cohort) or after 1 year of conservative management (crossover cohort). Demographic and procedural data were collected. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed using the Manchester Foot and Disability Index (MFDI) at baseline, final in-office follow-up, and long-term follow-up (mean: 9 y). After correction of raw data outliers, statistical analyses included Fisher exact and Wilcoxon rank-sum for baseline associations, Mann-Whitney U tests for long-term between-group comparisons, and repeated-measures ANOVA for within-group changes in forefoot patients only. Heel outcomes were reported descriptively due to small sample size.

RESULTS: Of 36 eligible patients, 25 participated (69.4% response rate; mean follow-up 9.0±1.2 y). Interventional (n=14) and crossover (n=11) cohorts showed no significant long-term differences across all domains (pain, function, appearance, work/leisure). Forefoot grafting significantly improved appearance (mean change: -2.9 to 0.8, P<0.001) but demonstrated functional decline at long-term follow-up (mean: 12.9 to 7.2, P=0.020). Heel grafting was associated with durable functional improvement (median difference, P=0.004) and trended towards pain reduction, although appearance outcomes were lower compared with forefoot patients (P=0.002). Work/leisure outcomes showed no significant long-term differences (P=0.087).

CONCLUSIONS: Autologous foot grafting confers durable, site-specific benefits nearly a decade post-procedure. Heel grafting restores long-term function, whereas forefoot grafting primarily improves cosmesis. Importantly, timing of grafting (immediate vs. delayed) does not alter durability, underscoring the need for location-specific treatment counseling and potential repeat procedures in forefoot patients.

PMID:41811175 | DOI:10.1097/SAP.0000000000004703

Ann Plast Surg. 2026 Mar 6. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000004701. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is commonly used in breast reconstruction for volume restoration or contour correction. Our previous study demonstrated that standard decantation yields inferior volume retention compared to active wash and filtration (AWF) and low-pressure decantation (LPS). Building upon these findings, we replaced standard decantation with a new processing technique, active wash with surfactant (AWFS). This study aims to evaluate long-term volume retention among AWF, LPS, and AWFS.

METHODS: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted at our institution between 2023 and 2025. Thirty patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive fat grafting processed by either AWF, LPS, or AWFS. Three-dimensional scans of the upper torso were obtained preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively. Breast volume was measured using Autodesk Meshmixer, and volume retention was calculated as a percentage of the initial grafted volume. Differences in volume retention across groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

RESULTS: The volume of fat injected during the procedure did not differ significantly between groups: 89.0 ± 56.0 cm3 for AWF, 125.8 ± 68.9 cm3 for LPS, and 127.5 ± 78.7 cm3 for AWFS (P=0.33). Average volume retention at 3 months was 55.3% ± 17.2% for AWF, 58.7% ± 17.8% for LPS, and 62.7% ± 15.7% for AWFS. No significant difference in volume retention was observed across groups (P=0.52).

CONCLUSIONS: Although AWFS demonstrated the highest average volume retention, differences between techniques were not statistically significant. These findings suggest comparable long-term outcomes among the 3 processing methods.

PMID:41811164 | DOI:10.1097/SAP.0000000000004701

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2026 Mar 11. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000013017. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and nano-fat applications on photoaging and skin quality in the facial region, as well as their possible superiority over each other.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study was conducted on 20 volunteer patients aged 40-55 who applied to City Hospital Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery outpatient clinic between April-July 2024 with complaints of facial aging and skin complaints in facial area. After initial evaluation, patients were divided into two groups; SVF was injected into the facial region of 10 patients, and nano-fat was injected into facial region of the other 10 patients. Preoperative, postoperative 1st and 3rd month skin evaluations of the patients were made with the visa skin analysis system, and dermis thicknesses were measured with high-frequency ultrasound (HFU). The data obtained prospectively were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: In the visia skin evaluations of the patients, it was observed that SVF and nano-fat injection reduced wrinkle scores significantly (p<0.05). Also, SVF injection reduced ultraviolet (UV) damage, red area and porphyrin score significantly (p<0.05). No significant dermis change was detected in the dermis thickness measurement performed with HFU preoperatively and postoperatively.

CONCLUSION: It was observed that SVF and nano-fat injections were effective on wrinkles and both applications were valuable in anti-aging treatments. SVF application was effective in reducing UV damage, vascular pathologies and inflammation. So, it can be said that SVF applications are useful treatment methods in reducing photoaging and improving skin quality.

PMID:41811159 | DOI:10.1097/PRS.0000000000013017