Tag: pubmed

Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2026 Feb 14;47(2):160-165. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20250723-00345.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate whether the physiological hypercoagulable state of pregnancy affects the risk and severity of bleeding in pregnant patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and severe thrombocytopenia (PLT<20×10(9)/L) , compared to non-pregnant ITP patients with a comparable degree of thrombocytopenia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of pregnant patients with ITP who were hospitalized at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 1, 2013, and April 30, 2024, excluding patients with secondary thrombocytopenia due to pathological pregnancy. Non-pregnant ITP patients were matched as a control group at a 1∶2 ratio based on three criteria (age, ITP disease duration, and nadir PLT) , after which bleeding events and severity were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 23 pregnant ITP patients with a PLT<20×10(9)/L during pregnancy were included and matched to 46 non-pregnant ITP patients. Pregnant ITP patients had significantly shorter activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) than non-pregnant ITP patients (both P<0.05) . No statistically significant differences were found between the pregnant and non-pregnant ITP groups in the incidence of bleeding events (73.9% vs 89.1% , P=0.161) or in their overall bleeding score (P=0.072) . In the pregnant ITP group, the maximum bleeding score was 5, occurring in only 2 cases, 8.7% , while 91.3% of cases had a bleeding score of ≤3. In the non-pregnant ITP group, 3 patients (6.5% ) experienced life-threatening major bleeding (maximum score: 8) , comprising 1 case of hemorrhagic shock and 2 cases of cerebral hemorrhage, one of which was fatal. Additionally, 19.6% of patients in this group had a bleeding score of 5, and 73.9% had a score of ≤3. The incidence of bleeding events with a score of ≥5 was three times higher in the non-pregnant group than in the pregnant group (26.1% vs 8.7% ) . Conclusion: Pregnant patients with ITP, even those with a PLT count <20×10(9)/L, have a lower incidence of severe bleeding compared to non-pregnant ITP patients with a comparable degree of thrombocytopenia; furthermore, they exhibit shorter APTT and PT, suggesting that the relative hypercoagulable state during pregnancy may be the potential reason for the reduced bleeding severity in these patients.

PMID:41839630 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20250723-00345

Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2026 Mar 12;46(3):353-360. doi: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.20250109-k0004. Epub 2025 Dec 25.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Longsha Kaihe Liuqi acupuncture on primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

METHODS: A total of 78 POAG patients were randomized into an observation group (39 cases, 4 cases eliminated) and a control group (39 cases, 1 case dropped out, 3 cases eliminated). In the control group, the eye drops for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) were administered. In the observation group, besides the intervention as the control group, Longsha Kaihe Liuqi acupuncture was delivered. According to the 24 h intraocular pressure curve peak and in association with syndrome differentiation, 2 or 3 lesion grades were determined. Centered at Baihui (GV20), a circle with a diameter of 5 cm to 8 cm was drawn. Based on Gu‘s “three-yin, three-yang, open, close and pivot” diagram, the tender points were detected along the distribution of the affected meridians and stimulated with acupuncture. The needles were retained for 1 h and the intervention was operated once weekly. The duration of treatment was 4 weeks in the two groups. The 24 h IOP before and after treatment in the two groups, and the immediate IOP before and after acupuncture in the observation group were observed. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field-related indexes such as visual field index (VFI), mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD), optic disc blood flow density and TCM syndrome score were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTS: In the observation group, the mean, peak, valley, fluctuation value of 24 h IOP, and absolute MD were all reduced after treatment when compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05), while VFI increased (P<0.05). At the time points of 0: 00, 2: 00, 5: 00, and 22: 00 after treatment, IOP was lower than that at each corresponding time point before treatment (P<0.05) in the observation group, and the immediate IOP after each acupuncture session was lower than that before acupuncture (P<0.05). After treatment, the score of each TCM syndrome (eye swelling and pain, dry eyes, headache, irritability and sleep disturbance) and the total score were reduced when compared with those before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05), and lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the differences in BCVA, PSD and optic disc blood flow density were not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Longsha Kaihe Liuqi acupuncture combined with intraocular pressure-lowering eye drops can reduce IOP and regulate 24 h intraocular pressure rhythm, improve visual field and ameliorate TCM syndromes of POAG patients.

PMID:41839594 | DOI:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20250109-k0004

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2025 Nov 17;51(3):396-404. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250119.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the rules of clinical application of acupuncture in the prevention and treatment of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) by using data mining method.

METHODS: Randomized controlled trials on acupuncture for preventing and treating PND from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), VIP Database, and Wanfang Database were retrieved, with the retrieval time ranging from the establishment of each database to July 16, 2024. A relevant database was established to statistically analyze the application of acupuncture methods, selected acupoints, timing of acupuncture intervention, acupuncture stimulation parameters, and stimulation intensity. Additionally, association rules and cluster analysis of acupoints were carried out.

RESULTS: A total of 69 articles were included, with 69 acupuncture prescriptions extracted, involving 40 acupoints. The top 5 acupoints in terms of usage frequency were Neiguan (PC6), Baihui (GV20), Zusanli (ST36), Hegu (LI4), and Sanyinjiao (SP6). The top 3 meridians by usage frequency were the Pericardium Meridian of Hand-Jueyin (49 times, 21.68%), Governor Vessel (44 times, 19.47%), and Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming (30 times, 13.27%). The top 3 specific acupoints in terms of usage frequency were the crossing acupoints (66 times, 29.20%), confluence points of the eight vessels (50 times, 22.12%), and luo-connecting acupoints (49 times, 21.68%). Regarding acupoints compatibility, the top 3 high-frequency acupoint pairs were PC6-ST36, PC6-GV20, and PC6-LI4. The high-frequency acupoints could be classified into 4 categories:Category 1 includes PC6, ST36, GV20, SP6, and LI4;Category 2 includes Shenmen (HT7) and Yintang (GV24⁺);Category 3 includes Benshen (GB13), Taichong (LR3), Sishencong (EX-HN1), and Shenting (GV24);Category 4 is Fengchi (GB20). The top 2 acupuncture treatment methods by usage frequency and times were transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) and electroacupuncture (EA). The intervention timing was mostly selected during and before surgery. For EA stimulation, sparse-dense waves were commonly used, with a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz, adjusted to the patient’s tolerance.

CONCLUSIONS: PC6, GV20, ST36, LI4 and SP6 are the core acupoints for the prevention and treatment of PND, and TEAS or EA is usually performed during or before the operation.

PMID:41839588 | DOI:10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250119

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2026 Jan 22;51(3):381-387. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250755.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To observe the improvement effect of preoperative percutaneous auricular point electrical stimulation (PAES) on preoperative anxiety state and postoperative quality of recovery in breast cancer patients.

METHODS: A total of 60 patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery or radical mastectomy for breast cancer in Guang’anmen hospital from August 2023 to August 2024 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group received 30 minutes of PAES daily for 3 days before surgery until the day of operation;the control group had electrical stimulation electrodes clamped at the same auricular points without any stimulation. The 15-item Quality of Recovery Score (QoR-15) was used to evaluate patients’ postoperative recovery;the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) was applied to assess their preoperative anxiety state;the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate their preoperative sleep quality;the number of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) administrations within 48 hours after surgery was statistically analyzed to assess postoperative pain.

RESULTS: The QoR-15 scores of both groups at 48 hours after surgery were significantly lower than those at admission (P<0.01), and the QoR-15 score of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). Compared with admission, the APAIS anxiety scores of both groups increased before treatment and before surgery (P<0.05), while the information demand scores before surgery decreased (P<0.05). The anxiety scores and information demand scores of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group before surgery (P<0.05). The PSQI scores of both groups before surgery were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the PSQI score of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). After surgery, the number of oral NSAID administrations in the treatment group within 48 hours postoperatively was less than that in the control group (P<0.05). No PAES (or sham stimulation) related adverse reactions were reported in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative PAES can significantly improve the perioperative quality of recovery in breast cancer patients, alleviate anxiety caused by the disease and surgery, improve sleep quality, relieve postoperative pain and reduce the use of analgesics, with good safety.

PMID:41839587 | DOI:10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250755

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2025 Nov 11;51(3):310-322. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20241347.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effects of acupuncture on the KAT3B/ACSL4 pathway in the cerebral cortex of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) rats, and to explore the mechanisms by which acupuncture mitigates ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in CIRI.

METHODS: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, acupuncture, and western medicine groups, with 10 rats in each group. The CIRI rat model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at “Baihui” (GV20), “Sishencong” (EX-HN1), and “Shuigou” (GV26) acupoints, with the needles retained for 30 min once daily for 7 consecutive days. The rats in the western medicine group received intraperitoneal injections of 0.29 mL·100 g^-1·d^-1 edaravone dexborneol for 7 consecutive days. Neurological deficit was assessed using the neurological deficit score. Infarct volume was measured by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Blood-brain barrier permeability was assessed by Evans blue assay. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining were applied to assess histopathological alterations in the ischemic cerebral cortex. TUNEL staining was used for apoptosis detection in the ischemic cerebral cortex. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression levels of neuronal nuclei (NeuN), nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), and autophagy-related protein light chain 3B (LC3B) in the ischemic cerebral cortex. Dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence probe was used to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the ischemic cerebral tissue. Colorimetric assay was used to quantify the contents of ferrous iron (Fe²⁺), lipid peroxidation (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH), along with superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the ischemic cerebral tissue. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess mitochondrial damage in neurons of the ischemic cerebral cortex. Western blot was performed to evaluate the protein expression levels of KAT3B, ACSL4, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), NCOA4, transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), and ferroportin-1 (FPN-1) in the ischemic cerebral tissue.

RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed significant increases in neurological deficit score, cerebral infarction volume, and Evans blue permeability (P<0.01);neuronal structure damage, with cell necrosis, nuclear shrinkage, loss of cytoplasm, and a decrease in Nissl bodies (P<0.01). TUNEL-positive cells were increased (P<0.01). Mitochondrial integrity was lost, mitochondria enlarged with cristae rupture and vacuolization. Expression of NeuN was decreased, while NCOA4 and LC3B expressions were increased (P<0.01). In the ischemic cerebral tissue, contents of ROS, Fe²⁺, LPO, and MDA were increased, as well as the protein expression levels of KAT3B, ACSL4, NCOA4, and TfR1 were elevated (P<0.01). By contrast, GSH content, SOD activity, and the expressions of GPX4, SLC7A11, FTH1, and FPN-1 were reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture and western medicine groups demonstrated reversal of these indicators (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the acupuncture and western medicine groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture can improve cerebral injury in CIRI rats and reduce ferroptosis and ferritinophagy, potentially through inactivation of the KAT3B/ACSL4 pathway.

PMID:41839581 | DOI:10.13702/j.1000-0607.20241347

Int J Spine Surg. 2026 Mar 16:8860. doi: 10.14444/8860. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Investigational device exemption (IDE) studies for spine technologies have evolved significantly since the early 2000s, when traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) established a specific regulatory framework for lumbar total disc replacement. Modern clinical trial designs are pragmatic and can address escalating costs (lumbar fusion costs increased 177% between 2004 and 2015), patient enrollment challenges, and evolving regulatory acceptance of alternative evidence standards. Following the 21st Century Cures Act, the US Food and Drug Administration has increasingly accepted real-world evidence (RWE) in regulatory decision-making, fundamentally reshaping the landscape for medical device development. This perspective examines how modern IDE trials integrate RWE to address economic and practical barriers while maintaining scientific validity.

METHODS: We reviewed the evolution of clinical trial designs for lumbar motion preservation technologies from 2000 to 2025 and analyzed the methodological framework of the MOTUS lumbar total joint replacement IDE study. This modern trial design employs prospective dual-arm enrollment with an investigational lumbar total joint replacement arm and an independent RWE control arm documenting transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion outcomes under standard-of-care conditions. Prespecified design elements included identical sites and surgeons enrolling in identical overlapping intervals, standardized outcome measures, propensity score adjustment for potential confounding, and adaptive sample size allowing for mid-study adjustment.

RESULTS: Modern trial designs incorporating RWE demonstrate substantial advantages over traditional RCTs for spine device evaluation. The MOTUS IDE substantially completed enrollment in 3.5 years vs 4 to 5 years for historical lumbar total disc replacement RCTs. Insurance coverage of standard-of-care procedures in the RWE arm reduced sponsor costs 5- to 10-fold compared with sponsor-funded control arms in traditional RCTs. The design foregoes inherent limitations of spine device RCTs, including the inability to blind participants and patient reluctance to accept randomization to nonmotion preservation techniques (eg, implantation of fusion hardware), while preserving comparative validity through propensity score methodology validated across multiple regulatory submissions.

CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating RWE in a clinical trial approach enables resource-constrained innovators to advance novel technologies through the Premarket Approval pathway, addressing a critical gap in medical technology innovation, as large manufacturers have withdrawn from lumbar motion preservation development.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This perspective provides insight into the challenges of clinical trials for novel motion-preserving spine technologies.

PMID:41839575 | DOI:10.14444/8860

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 15;40(3):430-437. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202601049.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the changing trends in the burden of gout disease attributable to high body mass index (BMI) and impaired kidney function in China from 1990 to 2023, and predict the burden of gout disease attributable to high BMI and impaired kidney function in China from 2024 to 2035, to provide a scientific basis for gout prevention and control.

METHODS: Based on the 2023 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study data, this study analysed the characteristics of the burden of gout attributable to high BMI and impaired kidney function by gender and age group. It employed the Joinpoint regression model to examine trends in the age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate and utilized the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to predict the disease burden trend from 2024 to 2035.

RESULTS: From 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized DALYs rate for gout attributable to high BMI in China increased (1990: 3.79 per 100 000, 95% UI: 2.15 per 100 000-6.24 per 100 000; 2023: 7.34 per 100 000, 95% UI: 4.22 per 100 000-11.39 per 100 000). Joinpoint analysis results showed that from 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized DALYs rate for gout attributable to high BMI in China exhibited an overall upward trend [average annual percent change (AAPC) for males=2.12%, 95% CI: 2.02%-2.22%; AAPC for females=1.92%, 95% CI: 1.79%-2.04%, both P<0.05]. For gout attributable to impaired kidney function, the age-standardized DALYs rate showed a slow overall increase in males, while the change in females was not significant (AAPC for males=0.36%, 95% CI: 0.27%-0.45%, P<0.05; AAPC for females=0.11%, 95% CI: -0.11%-0.33%). According to the ARIMA model predictions, by 2035, the age-standardized DALYs rates of gout attributable to high BMI in males and females and attributable to impaired kidney function in females were projected to stabilize at 10.85 per 100 000, 3.48 per 100 000, and 1.75 per 100 000, respectively. In contrast, the age-standardized DALYs rate of gout attributable to impaired kidney function in males was predicted to continue rising until 2035, reaching an estimated 5.98 per 100 000.

CONCLUSION: The disease burden of gout associated with high BMI and impaired kidney function continues to worsen in China. The age-standardized DALYs rate for gout attributable to impaired kidney function in males is projected to continue rising until 2035. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve population-wide BMI management strategies and enhance medical support for patients with kidney diseases, with targeted interventions prioritized among specific groups such as middle-aged obese individuals and middle-aged and elderly patients with kidney diseases.

PMID:41839557 | DOI:10.7507/1002-1892.202601049

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 15;40(3):422-429. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202601010.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological features and changing trends of disease burden of spinal cord injury (SCI) in China from 1990 to 2023, conduct decomposition analysis of disease burden changes, and provide evidence for SCI prevention and control.

METHODS: Based on the 2023 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study data, indicators including incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) were used to analyze the status and changing trends of SCI disease burden in China from 1990 to 2023. The Gupta decomposition framework was applied to quantify the contributions of population growth, population aging, age-specific incidence rate changes, and disease severity changes to YLDs growth.

RESULTS: In 2023, the number of SCI incidence cases in China was 232 700 cases, representing a 43.6% increase compared to 1990. From 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized YLDs rate of SCI decreased, while the age-standardized incidence rate showed an overall upward trend: it increased year by year from 1990 to 2015, declined briefly after 2015, and rose again from 2020. The disease burden of SCI in males was higher than in females. The age distribution of disease burden showed a shift toward older age groups, with incidence rates increasing with age among middle-aged and elderly populations. Falls were the main cause of SCI in China. Compared with 1990, YLDs in males and females increased by 48.58% and 41.72% respectively in 2023. The proportions of male growth attributed to population growth, population aging, age-specific incidence rate changes, and disease severity changes were 22.79%, 22.69%, 34.99%, and -31.88%, while those for females were 23.82%, 26.30%, 21.99%, and -30.40%.

CONCLUSION: From 1990 to 2023, population aging made a substantial contribution to the growth of SCI disease burden in China. The primary factor driving the growth of SCI disease burden differed by gender. Clinical interventions that mitigate disease severity represent a key strategy for addressing the rapid growth of SCI disease burden.

PMID:41839556 | DOI:10.7507/1002-1892.202601010

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 15;40(3):414-421. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202601044.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the changing trends and attributable risk factors of low back pain disease burden in Chinese population from 1990 to 2023, and to predict the related disease burden of low back pain in 2030.

METHODS: Based on the 2023 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study database, the incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), and characteristics and trends of risk factors among Chinese individuals with low back pain from 1990 to 2023 were analyzed, the age and gender differences in disease burden were assessed, and the disease burden in 2030 was jointly predicted by autoregressive integrated moving average model and age-period-cohort model.

RESULTS: From 1990 to 2023, the number of incident cases, the number of prevalent cases, and YLDs in Chinese low back pain population showed an upward trend, from 29.989 1 million cases, 68.636 3 million cases, and 7.732 4 million person-years to 41.383 6 million cases, 95.324 0 million cases, and 10.635 9 million person-years, respectively. The incidence rate, prevalence rate, and YLDs rate increased from 2 543.31 per 100 000, 5 820.89 per 100 000, and 655.77 per 100 000 to 2 892.65 per 100 000, 6 663.01 per 100 000, and 743.43 per 100 000 respectively. However, the age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized prevalence rate, and age-standardized YLDs rate showed a downward trend, from 2 859.73 per 100 000, 6 636.60 per 100 000, and 740.83 per 100 000 to 2 164.80 per 100 000, 4 929.78 per 100 000, and 551.92 per 100 000, respectively. The burden of low back pain in women was significantly higher than that in men and increased with age (peak at 50 to 59 years old). Attribution analysis showed that smoking, occupational factors, and high body mass index (BMI) were the main factors leading to the increase of YLDs, and there was a gender difference. The tow model showed that the age-standardized incidence rate, the age-standardized prevalence rate, and the age-standardized YLDs rate for low back pain would decrease year by year from 2023 to 2030.

CONCLUSION: The disease burden of low back pain in China shows that from 1990 to 2023, the burden of low back pain in the Chinese population has been increasing year by year. Smoking, occupational factors, and high BMI are the main risk factors. Interventions targeting these controllable risk factors are crucial for reducing the disease burden. It is expected that by 2030, the disease burden of low back pain is expected to decrease, although the absolute burden will remain high. Greater attention should be paid to the middle-aged and elderly population, especially the female population, who bear a heavier disease burden. Targeted interventions, such as weight control and smoking cessation management, should be actively implemented against these controllable risk factors.

PMID:41839555 | DOI:10.7507/1002-1892.202601044

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 15;40(3):405-413. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202601124.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Based on the data from the 2023 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, the changing trends of the disease burden of neck pain and its demographic characteristics in China from 1990 to 2023 was systematically evaluated, in order to provide evidence for the formulation of neck pain prevention and control strategies.

METHODS: Data on the incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), and their age-standardized rates of neck pain in China were extracted from the GBD 2023 database. A descriptive analysis was conducted by stratifying data by gender and age. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and YLDs rates, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated.

RESULTS: From 1990 to 2023, the number of incident cases, prevalent cases, and YLDs of neck pain in China increased by 66.08%, 83.06%, and 80.49%, respectively, while the age-standardized rates showed relatively small fluctuations overall (rate of change<1.2%). The incidence, prevalence, and YLDs rates in females were higher than those in males, and the age-standardized YLDs rate in females showed a continuous upward trend (AAPC=0.067%, P<0.05). The disease burden of neck pain gradually increased with age, being most concentrated in middle-aged, elderly, and advanced-age populations. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that the age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and YLDs rates exhibited multi-stage changes, with a common upward phase from 2005 to 2009 and a slight decline after 2021.

CONCLUSION: The increase in the absolute burden of neck pain in China is mainly driven by population aging. Priority should be given to focusing on female, middle-aged, and elderly populations, and early intervention should be strengthened to reduce long-term disability burden.

PMID:41839554 | DOI:10.7507/1002-1892.202601124