J Bone Miner Metab. 2026 Feb 1. doi: 10.1007/s00774-025-01682-z. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Though low serum magnesium (Mg) levels are associated with adverse outcomes in patients on haemodialysis, the interaction with calcimimetics remains uncertain. We hypothesized a potential interaction between serum Mg levels and calcimimetic use in cardiovascular events (CVEs), all-cause mortality, and new fractures during follow-up in patients on haemodialysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-centre retrospective cohort included 399 Japanese adults on maintenance haemodialysis, followed for ≤ 5 years. Cox models with time-dependent serum Mg levels and calcimimetic usage interaction adjusted for clinicodemographic and biochemical covariates.
RESULTS: At baseline, 205 patients (51.4%) were prescribed calcimimetics (median serum Mg, 2.5 mg/dL). The mean observational period was 40.6 months, and 122 CVEs, 159 all-cause mortality, and 69 new fractures occurred (incidence rates: 0.09, 0.10-, and 0.05 per patient-year), respectively. The time-dependent model showed serum Mg < 2.4 mg/dL was associated with a markedly higher risk for new fractures in calcimimetic-naïve patients. Serum Mg levels were not significantly associated with CVEs and all-cause mortality, regardless of calcimimetic usage. The restricted cubic spline curve demonstrated linear inverse trends of serum Mg levels with all-cause mortality and new fractures in calcimimetic-naïve patients. However, no significant interaction between Mg and calcimimetic use was observed for any outcome.
CONCLUSION: We did not detect a statistically significant interaction between serum Mg levels and calcimimetic use. Nonetheless, low serum Mg (< 2.4 mg/dL) was associated with a higher risk of fractures, particularly among calcimimetic-naïve patients. Thus, low serum Mg is a potentially modifiable risk marker associated with fracture risk, particularly in calcimimetic-naïve patients.
PMID:41622380 | DOI:10.1007/s00774-025-01682-z